The AP2142A and AP2152A are dual channel current-limited
integrated high-side power switches optimized for Universal Serial
Bus (USB) and other hot-swap applications. The family of devices
complies with USB standards and available with both polarities of
enable input.
The devices have fast short-circuit response time for improved overall
system robustness, and have integrated output discharge function to
ensure completely controlled discharging of the output voltage
capacitor. They provide a complete protection solution for application
subject to heavy capacitive loads and the prospect of short circuit,
and offer reverse current blocking, over-current, over-temperature
and short-circuit protection, as well as controlled rise time and undervoltage lockout functionality. A 7ms deglitch capability on the opendrain flag output prevents false over-current reporting and does not
require any external components.
All devices are available in SO-8, MSOP-8EP and U-DFN3030-8
packages.
Features
Dual Channel Current-Limited Power Switch with Output
Discharge
Fast Short-Circuit Response Time: 2µs
0.7A Accurate Current Limiting
Reverse Current Blocking
85m On-Resistance
Input Voltage Range: 2.7V – 5.5V
Built-In Soft-Start with 0.6ms Typical Rise Time
Short Circuit and Thermal Protection
Fault Report (FLG) with Blanking Time (7ms typ)
ESD protection: 2kV HBM, 300V MM
Active High (AP2152A) or Active Low (AP2142A) Enable
Ambient Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C
SO-8, MSOP-8EP and DFN3030E-8 (Exposed Pad): Available
UL Recognized, File Number E322375
IEC60950-1 CB Scheme Certified
Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant.
2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green"
and Lead-free.
3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and
<1000ppm antimony compounds.
AP2142A 2 Active Low 0.7A 0.5A
AP2152A 2 Active High 0.7A 0.5A
Enable Pin
(EN)
Current Limit
(typ)
Recommended Maximum
Continuous Load Current
Pin Descriptions
Pin Number
Pin Name
GND 1 1 Ground
IN
EN1 3 3 Switch 1 enable input, active low (AP2142A) or a ctive high (AP2152 A)
EN2 4 4 Switch 2 enable input, active low (AP2142A) or a ctive high (AP2152 A)
FLG2 5 5 Switch 2 over-current and over-temperature fault re port; open-dra in flag is act ive low w hen triggered
OUT2
OUT1
FLG1 8 8 Switch 1 over-current and over-temperature fault re port; open-dra in flag is act ive low w hen triggered
Exposed Pad - Exposed Pad
SO-8
2 2 Voltage input pin
6 6 Switch 2 voltage output pin
7 7 Switch 1 voltage output pin
AP2142A/ AP2152A
Document number: DS32191 Rev. 3 - 2
MSOP-8EP
U-DFN3030-8
Exposed Pad:
It should be connected to GND and thermal mass for enhanced thermal impedance.
It should not be used as electrical ground conduction path.
Note: 4. UL Recognized Rating from -30°C to +70°C (Diodes qualified TST from -65°C to +150°C)
Input Voltage 6.5 V
Output Voltage
VIN +0.3
Enable Voltage 6.5 V
Maximum Continuous Load Current Internal Limited A
Maximum Junction Temperature 150 °C
Storage Temperature Range (Note 4) -65 to +150 °C
Recommended Operating Conditions(@T
= +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)
A
Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit
VIN
I
OUT
VIH
VIL
TA
Input Voltage 2.7 5.5 V
Output Current 0 500 mA
High-Level Input Voltage on EN or
Output Current Slew rate (<100A/s), CL = 4.7µF
OUT1 & OUT2 tied together, Output Current Slew rate
(<100A/s), C
= 4.7µF
L
OUTx connected to ground, device enabled into short
circuit, C
= 4.7µF
L
OUT1 & OUT2 connected to ground, device enabled into
short-circuit, C
V
= 0V to I
OUT
= 2.7V to 5.5V
V
IN
V
= 2.7V to 5.5V
IN
= 0V to 5.5V
V
EN
Disabled, V
CL = 1µF, R
CL = 1µF, R
CL = 100µF, R
CL = 100µF, R
I
= 10mA
FLG
= 5V
V
FLG
OUT
LOAD
LOAD
= 4.7µF
L
= I
OUT
= 0V
= 10
= 10
LOAD
LOAD
(output shorted to ground)
LIMIT
= 10
= 10
CL =4.7µF
V
= 5V, disabled, I
IN
Enabled, R
LOAD
=1k
OUT
=1mA
0.01 0.1 µA
85 105
135
105 125
170
0.55 0.7 0.85 A
1.1 1.4 1.7 A
1.0 A
1.0 A
0.7 A
1.1 1.4 1.7 A
2 µs
0.8 V
2 V
1 µA
0.5 1 µA
0.6 1.5 ms
0.05 0.3 ms
0.2 0.5 ms
0.1 0.3 ms
20 40
0.01 1 µA
4 7 15 ms
100
140
V
I
SHDN
I
LEAK
I
R
DS(ON)
I
LIMIT
I
LIMIT_G
I
I
Trig_G
I
OS_G
T
SHORT
I
SINK
I
LEAK-O
T
D(ON)
T
D(OFF)
R
I
T
R
T
SHDN
T
SO-8 (Note 7) 115
Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient
JA
MSOP-8EP (Note 8) 75
°C/W
U-DFN3030-8 (Note 8) 60
Notes: 5. Pulse-testing techniques maintain junction temperature close to ambient temperature; thermal effects must be taken into account separately.
6. The discharge function is active when the device is disabled (when enable is de-asserted or during power-up / power-down when V
discharge function offers a resistive discharge path for the external storage capacitor for limited time.
7. Test condition for SO-8: Device mounted on FR-4 substrate PCB with minimum recommended pad layout.
8. Test condition for MSOP-8EP and U-DFN3030-8: Device mounted on 2” x 2” FR-4 substrate PCB, 2oz copper, with minimum recommended pad on top
layer and thermal vias to bottom layer ground plane.
A 0.1F to 1F X7R or X5R ceramic bypass capacitor between IN and GND, close to the device, is recommended. Placing a high-value electrolytic
capacitor on the input and output pin(s) is recommended when the output load is heavy. This precaution reduces power-supply transients that may
cause ringing on the input. Additionally, bypassing the output with a 1F ceramic capacitor improves the immunity of the device to short-circuit
transients.
Over-Current and Short Circuit Protection
An internal sensing FET is employed to check for over-current conditions. Unlike current-sense resistors, sense FETs do not increase the series
resistance of the current path. When an overcurrent condition is detected, the device maintains a constant output current and reduces the output
voltage accordingly. Complete shutdown occurs only if the fault stays long enough to activate thermal limiting.
Three possible overload conditions can occur. In the first condition, the output has been shorted to GND before the device is enabled or before VIN
has been applied. The AP2142A/AP2152A senses the short circuit and immediately clamps output current to a certain safe level namely I
LIMIT
.
In the second condition, an output short or an overload occurs while the device is enabled. At the instance the overload occurs, higher inrush
current may flow for a very short period of time before the current limit function can react. The input capacitor(s) rapidly discharge through the
device, activating current limit circuitry. Protection is achieved by momentarily opening the P-MOS high-side power switch and then gradually
turning it on. After the current limit function has tripped (reached the over-current trip threshold), the device switches into current limiting mode a nd
the current is clamped at I
. The threshold for activating current limiting is 0.7A typical per channel.
LIMIT
In the third condition, the load has been gradually increased beyond the recommended operating current. The current is permitted to rise until the
current-limit threshold (I
up to the current-limit threshold without damaging the device. Once the threshold has been reached, the device switches into its current limiting
mode and is set at I
FLG Response
When an over-current or over-temperature shutdown condition is encountered, the FLG open-drain output goes a ctive low after a nominal 7-ms
deglitch timeout. The FLG output remains low until both over-current and over-temperature conditions are removed. Connecting a heavy capacitive
load to the output of the device can cause a momentary over-current condition, which does not trigger the FLG due to the 7-ms deglitch timeout.
The AP2142A/AP2152A is designed to eliminate false over-current reporting without the need of external components to remove unwanted pulses.
Power Dissipation and Junction Temperature
The low on-resistance of the internal MOSFET allows the small surface-mount packages to pass large current. Using the maximum operating
ambient temperature (T
= R
P
D
DS(ON)
Finally, calculate the junction temperature:
T
= PD x R
J
JA
Where:
T
= Ambient temperature C
A
= Thermal resistance
R
JA
P
= Total power dissipation
D
Thermal Protection
Thermal protection prevents the IC from damage when heavy-overload or short-circuit faults are present for extended periods of time. The
AP2142A/AP2152A implements a thermal sensing to monitor the operating junction temperature of the power distribution switch. Once the die
temperature rises to approximately 140°C due to excessive power dissipation in an over-current or short-circuit condition the internal thermal sense
circuitry turns the power switch off, thus preventing the power switch from damage. Hysteresis is built into the thermal sense circuit allowing the
device to cool down approximately 25°C before the switch turns back on. The switch continues to cycle in this manner until the load fault or input
power is removed. The FLG open-drain output is asserted when an over-temperature shutdown or over-current occurs with 7-ms deglitch.
AP2142A/ AP2152A
Document number: DS32191 Rev. 3 - 2
) is reached or until the thermal limit of the device is exceeded. The AP2142A/AP2152A is capable of delivering current
Under-voltage lockout function (UVLO) keeps the internal power switch from being turned on until the power supply has reached at least 2V, even if
the switch is enabled. Whenever the input voltage falls below approximately 2V, the power switch is quickly turned off. This facilitates the design of
hot-insertion systems where it is not possible to turn off the power switch before input power is removed.
Discharge Function
The discharge function of the device is active when enable is disabled or de-asserted. The discharge function with the N-MOS power switch
implementation is activated and offers a resistive discharge path for the external storage capacitor. This is designed for discharging any residue of
the output voltage when either no external output resistance or load resistance is present at the output.
Host/Self-Powered HUBs
Hosts and self-powered hubs (SPH) have a local power supply that powers the embedded functions and the downs tream ports. This power suppl y
must provide from 5.25V to 4.75V to the board side of the downstream connection under both full-load and no-load conditions. Ho sts and SPHs a re
required to have current-limit protection and must report over-current conditions to the USB controller. Typical SPHs are desktop PCs, monitors,
printers, and stand-alone hubs.
Generic Hot-Plug Applications
In many applications it may be necessary to remove modules or pc boards while the main unit is still operating. These are considered hot-plug
applications. Such implementations require the control of current surges seen by the main power supply and the card being inserted. The most
effective way to control these surges is to limit and slowly ramp the current and voltage being applied to the card, similar to the way in which a
power supply normally turns on. Due to the controlled rise times and fall times of the AP2142A/AP2152A, these devices can be used to provide a
softer start-up to devices being hot-plugged into a powered system. The UVLO feature of the AP2142A/AP2152A also ensures that the switch is off
after the card has been removed, and that the switch is off during the next insertion.
By placing the AP2142A/AP2152A between the VCC input and the rest of the circuitry, the input po wer reaches these devices first after insertion.
The typical rise time of the switch is approximately 1ms, providing a slow voltage ramp at the output of the device. This implementation controls
system surge current and provides a hot-plugging mechanism for any device.
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