Digium TE220, TE220B, TE212P, TE210P, TE207P User Manual

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TE200 Series

TE220B/TE220/212P/210P/207P/205P

User Manual

601-00011 Rev. B

445 Jan Davis Drive NW

Digium, Inc.

Huntsvil le, AL 35806

United States

Main Number: 1.256. 428.6000

Tech Support : 1.2 56.428.6161

U.S. Toll Free: 1.8 77.344.4861

Sales: 1.256.428.6262

www.digium.com www.asterisk.org

www.asterisknow.org

No part of this publication may be copied, distributed, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retri eval syst em , or t ran sl ated int o any huma n or compu te r lan gu ag e with ou t t he pr io r wri tte n permission of Digium, Inc.

Digium, Inc. has made every effort to ensure that the instructions contained in this document are ade q u a te an d error f ree . The m anufacturer w i ll, if neces s ar y , ex pl ain issu es w h ic h m ay not be covered by this documentation. The manufacturer’s liability for any errors in the docume nts is limited to the cor rection of errors and the aforementioned advisory service s .

This doc ument has been prepar ed for us e by profe ssiona l and pr operly tr ained personn el, and the cus to m er as su m es full respon si bi lity when us in g it.

Adobe and Acrobat are registered trademarks, and Acrobat Reader is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

Asterisk, Digium, Switchvox, and AsteriskNOW are registered trademarks and Asterisk Business Edition, AsteriskGUI, and Asterisk Appliance are trademarks of Digium, Inc.

Any other trademarks mentioned in the document are the property of their respective owners.

Digium, Inc. Page 2

Safety Certificat ion and Agency Approvals Safety:

UL 60950-1:2003, First Edition CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1-03 1st Ed. April 1, 2003 IEC 60950-1:2001 First Edition EN 60950 AS/NZS 60950

Note: Finland, Norway and Sweden require that equipment using this product must be located in a Restric ted Access Location (RAL).

Telecom:

FCC Part 68, ANSI/ITA-968-A, Including Amendment A1 and A2 Industry Canada CS-03 AS/ACIF S016: 2001 AS/ACIF S038: 2001 RosTest TBR4 November 1995 as amended by TBR4/A1 December 1997 TBR12 December 1993 TBR13 January 1996

Emissions:

Note: Shielded T1/E1/J1 cables are required for compliance purposes.

47 CFR Part 15, Subpart B / 47 CFR Part 15, Subpart B, Class B EN 55022:1998 Class B / EN 55022:1998 Class B Radiated and Conducted EN 55024:1998 / IEC 61000

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Immunity:

EN55024 ITE, EN61000

Federal Communications Commission Part 68

This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules and the requirements adopted by the ACTA. On the back of the TE200 Series printed circuit board is a label tha t contains, among other information, a product identifier in the format US:AAAEQ##TXXXX. If requested, this number must be provided to the telephone compa ny.

A plug and jack used to connect this equipment to the premi ses wiring and telephone network must comply with the applicable FCC Part 68 rules and requirements adopted by the ACTA.

If the TE200 Series causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company may notify you in advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required. But if advance notice is not practical, the telephone company will noti fy you as soon as possible. Also, you will be advised of your right to file a complaint with the FCC if you believe it is necessary.

The telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations or procedures that could a ffect the operation of the equipment. If this happens, the telephone company will provide advance notice in order for you to make necessary modifications to maintain uninterrupted service.

If you experience problems with the TE200 Series, contact Digium, Inc. (+1.256.428.6161) for repair and/or warranty information. If the equipment is causing harm to the telephone network, the telephone

Digium, Inc. Page 4

company may request that you disconnect the equipment until the problem is resolved.

FCC Part 15

This device complies with part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interferen ce, and (2) T h is dev ice mu s t accep t any in terference receiv ed, including interf erence that may cause undesired operation.

Industry C ana da Co m pli a nce In form a tio n

Notice: The Industry Canada label applied to the product (identified by the Industry Canada logo or the "IC:" in f ront of the certification/ registration number) indicates that the Industry Canada technical specifications were met.

Digium, Inc. Page 5

Introduction to TE200 Series Documentation

This manual is a user guide for Digi um’s TE200 Ser ies c ards. T he Digium TE200 Series cards are a T1/E1 capable card series created for voice and data. The cards in this series are as follows:

Table 1: TE200 Series Cards

Model Features Type

TE220B TE220 TE212P TE210P TE207P TE205P

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3.3 volt, 2 Ports, Echo Cancellation

3.3 volt, 2 Ports

3.3 volt, 2 Ports, Echo Cancellation

3.3 volt, 2 Ports

5.0 volt, 2 Ports, Echo Cancellation

5.0 volt, 2 Ports

PCI Expres s PCI Expres s PCI 2.2 PCI 2.2 PCI 2.2 PCI 2.2

Document Organization

The manual is organized in the following manner:

Chapter/

Appendix

3 4

A B C

Title Description

Overview Identifies the features of the card you received. This

chapter cov e r s applications a nd us es of the TE200 Series cards i n the real world.

Card Installation Provides instructions for installing the card in your

PC, acquiring correct drivers, and checking device compatibility.

Configuration Provides examples for configuring dial plan options.

Troublesh ooting Explains resolutions to common problems and

frequentl y as ked questions pertaining to card installation and usage.

Pin Assignments Lists the connectors and pi n as signments.

Specifications Details card specifications.

Glossary and Acronyms

Defines terms related to this product.

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Symbol Definitions

Caution stat emen ts in dicate a c onditio n whe r e d amage to t he un it o r its configuration could occur if operational procedures are not followed. To reduce the risk of damage or injury, follow all steps or procedures as instructed.

The ESD sym b o l in d i ca t es electrostat i c sen s i ti ve de vi ce s . O bs erve prec autions for handling devices. Wear a proper ly grounded electrostatic discha rge (ESD) wrist strap while handling the devic e.

The Electrical Hazard Symbol ind icates a possibility of electrical shock when operat ing this unit in certain situations. To reduce the risk of damage or injury, follow all steps or proc edures as instructed.

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User Cautions

Servicing.

Do not attempt to service this card unless specifically instructed to do so. Do not attempt to remove the card from your equipment while power is present. Refer ser vicing to qualified service personnel.

Water and Moisture. Do not spill liquids on this unit. Do not operate this equipment in a wet environmen t.

Heat. Do not operate or store this product near heat sources such as radiators, air ducts, areas subject to direct, intense sunlight, or other products that produce heat.

Static Electricity.

To reduce the risk of damaging the unit or your equipment, do not attempt to open the enclosure or gain access to areas where you are not instructed to do so. Refer servicing to qualified service personnel.

Save these instructions for future reference.

Important Safety Instructions

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Echo-Cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

What is Asterisk®? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Asterisk as a Switch (PBX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Asterisk as a Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Asterisk in the Call Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Asterisk in the Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Asterisk Everywhere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Chapter 2

Card Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Unpacking the Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Shipment Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Identifying Communication Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

T1/E1 Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Identifying Multiple Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Connecting Timing Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Slot Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Software Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Installing Asterisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Chapter 3

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Table Of Contents

Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Configuring Card Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Configuring T1/E1 Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Testing Your Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Chapter 4

Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Appendix A

Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2

Appendix B

Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Appendix C

Glossary and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

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List of Figures

Figure 1: Sample Legacy Phone Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Figure 2: Sample Channel Bank Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Figure 3: Sample IP Phone Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Figure 4 : TE205P Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Figure 5 : TE220 Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Figure 6: T1/E1 Jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Figure 7: Ident Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Figure 8: Timing Ports Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Figure 9 : Motherboard PCI Slots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Figure 1 0: Insert the Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Figure 11: Example dmesg Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

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List of Tabl e s

Table 1: TE200 Series Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Table 1: Card Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Table A-1: RJ45 Telco Port Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Table B-2: Maximum Power Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

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Chapter 1 Overview

The Digium T E2 0 0 Seri es c ards are a T1/E 1 capab l e card s eri es created for voice and data. They support industry standard protocols, including Robbed Bit Signaling (also known as CAS or Channel Associa ted Signaling), CCS (Common Channel Signaling), E&M, Primary Rate ISDN (PRI), and several data modes (PPP, HDLC, Cisco HDLC, and frame relay). The TE200 Serie s cards are capable of running in E1, T1, or J1 modes. They are also capable of DACSing channels fr om one span to another. The TE200 Series are ideal for connecting phones to a channel bank, connecting to your T1/E1 switch, or connecting to a legacy PBX.

This manual is for use with the TE220/TE220B PCI Express car d, as well as the 5 volt TE205P/207P and the 3.3 volt TE210P/212P Dual T1/E1 PCI cards. These cards are identi fied collectively as the TE200 Series cards throughout this manual.

Designed to be fully compatible with existing software applications and integrate fully with the Asterisk platform, the TE200 Series cards allow many advanced call features.

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Data Modes:

 Cisco HDLC  HDLC  PPP  Multilink PPP  Frame Relay

Voice Modes:

 PRI CPE and PRI NET

– NI1 – NI2 – EuroISDN – 4ESS (AT&T) – 5ESS (Lucent) – DMS100 – Q.SIG

Chapter 1: Overview

 E&M

– Wink – Feature Group B – Feature Group D

 FXO and FXS

– Ground Start – Loop Start

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Chapter 1: Overview

TE2xx

CLEC

PRI

Asterisk Server

Legacy PBX

– Loop Start with Disconn ect Detect

The TE200 Series cards can be used to connect your Asterisk machine to the PSTN world, your channel bank, or even another PBX. This is accomplished via a T1/E1 interface. The cards allow Asterisk software to connect to your network, creating a professional telephony environment. Figure 2 shows an example of the card’s primary application.

Figure 1: Sample Legacy Phone Application

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CLEC

Asterisk Server

TE2xx

Analog Phones

Channel Bank

Chapter 1: Overview

Figure 2: Sample Channel Bank Application

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Chapter 1: Overview

CLEC

ASTERISK SERVER

TE2xx

Switch

Eth

LAN

IP Phones

PRI

Figure 3: Sample IP Phone Application

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Chapter 1: Overview

Echo-Cancellation

Users connecting their TE200 Series cards to the PSTN or other devices are likely to be placing calls that will result, at some point, in an unbalanced 4-wire/2- wire hybrid. The result of this hybrid is the reflection of a ne ar-end echo to the calling party. Elimination of this echo is the responsibility of echo canc ellation.

The TE200 Series cards, unless other wise equipped, utilize Asterisk to perform software-based echo cancellation. Asterisk maintains a number of open source echo c ancelers. These open source echo cancelers provide a moderate level of echo cancellation, but are not capable of de aling with higher levels of, or more advanced, echoes.

Digium recommends that those users concerned about echo cancellation purchase the VPMOCT64 hardware echo cancellation module. The VPMOCT64 may be combined with either the TE205P (as TE207P), TE210P (as TE212P), or TE220 (as TE220B) cards.

The VPMOCT64 is designed to handle up to 128ms of echo cancellation across all channels and provides a G.168 compliant echo cancellation solution.

If equipped and not explicitly disabled in chan_dahdi.conf, the VPMOCT64 will automatically operate and cancel all network echo within its tail range (1024 ta ps). Users may also purchase Digium's commercial HPEC software:

http://www.digium.com/en/products/software/hpec.php

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Chapter 1: Overview

What is Asteri sk®?

Asterisk is th e world’s le ading open source telephony engine and tool kit. Offering fle xibility unheard of in the world of proprietary communications, Asterisk empowers developers and integrators to create advanced communication solutions...for free. Asterisk is r eleased as open source under the GNU General Public License (GPL), and it is available for download free of charge. Asterisk is the most popular open source software avai lable, with the Asterisk Community being the top influence r in VoIP.

Asterisk as a Switch (PBX)

Asterisk can be configured as the core of an IP or hybrid PBX, switching calls, managing routes, enabling features, and connecting callers with the outside world over IP, analog (POTS), and digital (T1/E1) connections.

Asterisk runs on a wide variety of opera ting systems including Linux, Mac OS X, OpenBSD, FreeBSD, and Sun Solaris. It provides all of the features you would exp ect from a PBX inclu ding many adva nced featu res that are often associate d with high end (and high cost) proprietary PBXs. Asterisk's archi tecture is designed for maximum flexibility and supports Voice over IP in many protocols, and can interoperate with almost all standards-base d telephony equipment using relatively inexpensive hardware.

Asterisk as a Gateway

It can also be built out as the heart of a media gateway, bridging the legacy PSTN to the expanding world of IP telephony. Asterisk’s modular architecture a llows it to co nvert between a wide ran ge of communicat ions protocols and media codecs.

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Chapter 1: Overview

Asterisk as a Feature/Media Server

Need an IVR? Asterisk’s got you covered. How about a conference bridge? Yep. It’s in ther e. What about an automated attendant? Asterisk does that too. How about a replacement for your agi ng legacy voicemail system? Can do. Unified messaging? No problem. Need a telephony interface for your web site? Ok.

Asterisk in the Call Center

Asterisk has been adopted by call centers around the world based on its flexibility. Call center and contact center developers have built complete ACD systems based on Asterisk. Asterisk has also added new life to existing call center solutions by adding remote IP agent capabilities, advanced skills-based routing, predictive and bulk dialing, and more.

Asterisk in the Network

Internet Telephony Service Providers (ITSPs), competitive local exchange carriers (CLECS) and ev en firs t- tier incumbents have discovered the power of open source communications with Asterisk. Feature servers, hosted services clusters, voicemail systems, pre-paid calling solution s, al l based on Asterisk have helped reduce costs and enabled flexibility.

Aste risk Everywhere

Asterisk has become the basis for thousands of communications solutions. If you need to communicate, Asterisk is your answer. For more information on Asterisk visit http://www.asterisk.org

or http://

www.digium.com.

Digium, Inc. Page 21

Chapter 2 Card Installation

This chapter provides the following information:

 Unpacking the Card on page 23  Shipmen t Ins pec ti o n on page 23  Identifyi ng C om m un ic a tion Por ts on page 24  T1/E1 Selection on page 26  Identifying Multiple Cards on page 26  Connecting Timing Cables on page 27  Slot Compatibility on page 29  Hardware Installat ion on page 31  Software Installation on page 32

Note: The TE200 Series card installation instructions are written so that they will apply to any card in the series. Examples and card specific inf ormation are included as need ed.

Digiu m, In c . Pa g e 2 2

Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Unpacking the Card

When you unpack your card, carefully inspect it for any damage that may have occurred in shipment. If damage is suspected, file a claim with the carrier and contact your reseller from which the card was purchased, or contact Digium Technical Support (+1.256.428.6161). Keep the original shipping container to use for future shipment or proof of damage during shipment.

Note: Only qualified service personnel should install the card. Users should not attempt to perform thi s function themselves. The installer must ensure that the equipment is permanently connected equipment, pluggable type B or connecte d t o a socke t-outle t tha t has bee n checke d to ensure that it is reliably earthed in accordance with the National Electrica l Code.

Shipmen t Ins pec ti o n

The following items are includ ed in shipment of the TE200 Series:

 TE200 Series card (TE205P/207P/ 210P/212P/220/220B)

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Ports

Ident

Wheel

PCI 2.2

Connector

Jumpers

Status

LEDs

Identifyi ng C om m un ic a tion Por ts

The TE200 Series cards consists of two RJ45 ports and two status LEDs. The ports are used for connecting T1, E1, or J1 cables. Refer to Figure 4 on page 24 or Figure 5 on page 25 to locate the ports and LEDs.

Figure 4: TE205P Card

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Ports

Status

LEDs

Jumpers

Ident

Wheel

PCI Express

Connector

Timing

Port

Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Figure 5: TE220 Card

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

T1/E1 Selection

The card includes a row of jumpers to select either T1 or E1 mode for the spans. An example of the jumpers from the TE205 card is shown in Figure 6. The T1/E1 mode, in most cases, is set at the distributor before shipment. You may want to check the setti ng to be certain they are set for your specific use. W ith the jumper off, the span is ready for T1 mode, and with th e jump er on, the span is ready for E1 mode.

Figure 6: T1/E1 Jumpers

Identifying Multiple Cards

If multiple TE200 Series cards are insta lled in the same machine, then the

Ident wheel can be used to control the or der the ca rds are recognize d. The

click wheel switch with the word Ident printed above it can be set to a different num ber for each installed card. This num ber adjusts the order in which the drive r recognizes the card. F or example: set the fi rst card Ident wheel to 0, set the sec ond card Ident wheel to 1, and so on. The Ident wheel is shown in Figure 7.

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Figure 7: Ident Wheel

Connecting Timing Cables

The timing por t allow s up to four TE 2 00 Se rie s card s to share the sa me sync (timing) source from the T1 line provider, or provide a consistent sync source across multipl e cards. This is a useful fea ture for data and fax modes and some voice applications to prevent corruption due to timing slips on the second, third or fourth TE200 Series cards.

T o utilize this feature, daisy-chain the P1 connector between each TE200 Series card using the Digium 4-posi tion timing cable. See Figure 8 on page 28 for an example. Enable this featur e in the drivers using the

timingcable=1 switch when the drivers are loaded:

# modprobe wct2xxp timingcable=1

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Figure 8: Timing Ports Example

Caution.

Only qualified service personnel should continue with hardware installation and configur ation of the TE200 Series card. Non-qualified personnel should not attempt to perform these functions themselves.

Digium, Inc. Page 28

Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Slots

Slot Compatibility

Check the type of card you received to be sure it is compatible with your PCI slot. To determine which slot you have, identify it by comparing it to those shown in Figure 9 on page 29.

Slot Number:

0: AGP Pro Slot 1: 64-bit 5.0 volt PCI Slot 2: 64-bit 3.3 volt PCI Slot 3: 32-bit 5.0 volt PCI Slot 4: PCI Express X1 Slot

Figure 9: Motherboard PCI Slots

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

The TE205P/207P card is a 32-bit 33MHz card keyed for 5.0 volt operation and works in any PCI 2.2 (or higher) compliant slot which supports 5.0 volts. This means that in the motherboard shown in Fi gure 9, the TE205P/207P card will fit into Slots 1 and 3. The TE205P/207P will not fit into Slot 0 (AGP slot) or Slot 2.

The TE210P/212P card is a 32-bit 33MHz card keyed for 3.3 volt operation and works in any PCI 2.2 (or higher) compliant slot which supports 3.3 volts. This means that in the motherboard shown in Fi gure 9, the TE210P/212P card will only fit into Sl ot 2. The TE210P/212P will not fit into Slots 1 or 3.

The TE220/TE220B card is a PCI Express card. Slot 4, ill ustrated above, is a 1 lane (X1) PCI Express compliant slot. The TE220/TE220B will work in any PCI Express compliant slot, including lane lengths X4, X8, and X16. This means that in the motherboard shown in Figure 9, the TE220/TE220B will only fit into Slot 4. The TE220/TE220B can not be used in Slots 1 through 3.

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Hardware Installat ion

1. Now that you are acquainted with the cards , power down your

computer and unplug it from its power sourc e.

2. Attach a static strap to your wrist a nd open the case .

3. Check the jumper setting to ensure it matches your equipment

configuration. Setting the jumper with the jumper strap on enables the ports for E1. Setting the jumper with the jumper strap off enabl es the ports for T1.

4. Remove the bracket place holder and insert the card into a PCI or PCI

Express slot. See Figure 10 for an example of card installation.

Figure 10: Insert the Card

5. Replace the cover to your computer.

6. Plug all T1 or E1 equipment cables into the RJ45 ports as needed.

Note: It is recommended that you use shielded cables.

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Caution.

This unit must be connected to the Telecommunications Network in your country using an approve d line cord (e.g. for Australia use only line cords complying with ACA Technical Standard TS008).

Caution.

This unit must be connected only to the appropriate Telecommunications Network port (as approved for use in your specific country).

Software Installation

Digium hardware requires driver s and libraries that are not integrated with the Linux kernel. Digium hardware is only supported under Linux. Digium recommends CentOS, Debian, R ed Hat, and Ubuntu distribut ions of Linux. However, many other distributions are supported by Digium Technical Support.

Digium’s software, including drivers and application software, may be obtained from Digium’s download server at:

http://downloads.digium.com

For an introduction to Asterisk, Digium’s telephony software, including additional infor mation on its configuration, setup, and features, please refer to:

http://www.asterisk.org

For the latest information on se tting up and configuring DAHDI drivers for your Digium hardwar e product, please refer to t he lat est relea se of t his manual which is available fro m the product-specific documentation section at:

http://www.digium.com

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

To install your TE200 Series card, you will need:

 Linux 2.6 kernel headers  Development librarie s and head ers for ncurses  Development librarie s and head ers for zlib and openssl  Development librarie s and headers for newt  GCC and standard software build tool s

It is recommended that you use the most recent version of the Asterisk, DAHDI, and libpri software for the best results. If you have previously installed any of these, Digium recommends that you upgrade to the latest “-current” version of each.

Note: If you are using the 1.4.x series of Asterisk, you will need Asterisk 1.4.22 or newer.

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

1. After the machine has booted to Linux, log in and execute the

following command to list the devic es detected by the PCI bus:

# lspci -n

Confirm that the output from lspci lists a device with Digium’s PCI vendor ID which is “d161”. The screen output should be simila r to the following:

0000:01:0e.0 ISDN controller: Unknown device d161:<card identifier>

Note: The output from lspci may or may not state “Unknown device”. If it does, this does not indicate a problem.

In the PCI device listing shown above, <card identifier> will be populated with one of the identifiers listed in the table below.

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Table 1: Card Identifiers

Model Identifier

TE220B TE220 TE212P TE210P TE207P TE205P

0220 0220 0210 0210 0205 0205

A Digium TE200 Series (TE220B/TE220/212P/210P/207P/205P) card identifier should be listed. If a matching card identifier is not listed, then your machine is not PCI 2.2 (or higher) or PCI Express compatible, and the card will not work with your motherboard.

2. Download the latest versio n of libpri. Substitute the version of libpri

for the X.X in the command line below. libpri is available for download from:

http://downloads.digium.com/pub/telephony/libpri

# wget http://downloads.digium.com/pub/telephony/ libpri/libpri-X.X.current.tar.gz

Note: There is no coorelation between the versioning of libpri and Asterisk. The libpri 1.4 br anch will function with the Asterisk 1.6 branch.

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

3. Expand the dow nl oad ed file , compile its contents , and insta l l the

libraries. Substitute the version of libpri for the X.X and X.X.X in the command lines below.

# tar -zxvf libpri-X.X-current.tar.gz # cd libpri-X.X.X/ # make # make install

Download the latest DAHDI drivers with tools. DAHDI is available

for download from:

http://downloads.digium.com/pub/telephony/dahdi-linux-complete

# wget http://downloads.digium.com/pub/telephony/ dahdi-linux-complete/dahdi-linux-completecurrent.tar.gz

Expand the dow nl oad ed file , compile its contents , and insta l l the drivers and tools. Substitute the version of DAHDI for the X.X.X in the command lines below.

# tar -zxvf dahdi-linux-complete-current.tar.gz # cd dahdi-linux-complete-X.X.X+X.X.X # make # make install # make config

Note: Executing ‘make config’ will install an init script and symlinks which will allow you to start and stop DAHDI as a service.

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

Installing Asteris k

If you wish to use Asterisk with your new hardware, you can follow the instructions below.

1. Download the latest relea se version of Aste risk, either 1.4.22 ( or later)

or 1.6.0.1 (or later). Substitute the version of Asterisk for the X.X in the command below. Asterisk is available for download from:

http://downloads.digium.com/pub/telephony/asterisk

# wget http://downloads.digium.com/pub/telephony/ asterisk/asterisk-X.X-current.tar.gz

Expand the dow nl oad ed file , compile its contents , and insta l l the

application. Substitute the version of Asterisk for the the X.X and X.X.X in the command lines below.

# tar -zxvf asterisk-X.X-current.tar.gz # cd asterisk-X.X.X/ # ./configure # make menuselect # make # make install

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Chapte r 2: C ar d In st a lla t io n

3. If this i s the fir st Aste risk i nstall at ion on th is s ystem, you sho uld install

the sample configurati on files. To do this, run:

# make samples

Note: Running this command will overwrite, after making a backup copy, any older Asterisk configura tion files that you have in the /etc/ asterisk directory.

If your installation has failed, it may be because you are missing one or more of the build dependencies, the kerne l headers, or the development tools. Please contact your reseller where the card was purchased, or call Digium Technical Support (+1.256.428.6161) for assistance.

Complete instructi ons for installing Asterisk are available at

www.asterisk.org

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Chapter 3 Configuration

The TE200 Series cards have a variety of configuration options. This chapter provides confi gurations for PRI, channel bank, E&M wink, and finally, data mode. These sample conf igura tions a re provi ded to a ssist y ou in familiarizing yourself with the flexibility of editing the configuration files to meet your specific needs. The list of possibl e configur ations is too expansive to cover in this user manual.

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Configuring Card Feature s

You will need to modify the chan_dahdi.conf file which is loca ted in the /etc/asterisk directory in order to configure the essential features of your card. This file is the configuration layer between DAHDI and Asterisk.

Switchtype:

national: National ISDN 2 (default) dms100: Nortel DMS100 4ess: AT&T 4ESS 5ess: Lucent 5ESS euroisdn: EuroISDN ni1: Old National ISDN 1 qsig: Q.SIG

Echocancel: Echo Cancellation is enabl ed in chan_dahdi.conf by preceding the

channel variab le with a variable ca lled ech ocancel a nd it s lengt h in t aps (# of milliseconds multiplied by 8); for example:

echocancel = yes

channel => 1-23

By default, and when set ting to " yes," echo ca ncellat ion i s enabled and set to 16 ms (128 taps). Echo cancellation is expl icitly disabled by setting:

echocancel = no

Digium does not recommend that users set echo cancellation to "no." Users of open source Asterisk-based echo cancelers also have the

following options:

echocancel = 128 (this sets 128 taps or 16ms)

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Chapter 3: Configuration

echocancel = 256 (this sets 256 taps or 32ms)

Users of Digium's HPEC software have the following additional options:

echocancel = 512 (this sets 512 taps or 64ms)

echocancel = 1024 (this sets 1024 taps or 128ms)

Please note that HPEC consumes extremel y high amounts of CPU MIPS that increase as the number of taps are increased. Audio quality issues may result from choosing a taps length greater than the server's ability to process the echo in real-time. If audio quality is affected, reduce the taps length or combine your TE200 Series card with Digium 's VPMOCT64.

Users of Digium's VPMOCT64 hardware echo cancellation module will have 128ms of echo cancellation performed at all times unless explicitly disabled by setting the echocancel variable equal to "no."

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Signalling:

pri_cpe for CPE side pri_net for NET side

If you have a T1 PRI, add these lines to the following lines of the sample file.

signalling = pri_cpe switchtype = national group = 1 context = incoming channel => 1-23

E1 PRI

signalling = pri_cpe switchtype = euroisdn context = incoming channel => 1-15,17-31

You can also configure a T1 channel bank of phones

signalling = fxo_ks group = 1 context = phones channel => 1-24

E1 channel bank

signalling = fxo_ks group = 1 context = phones channel => 1-15,17-31

Note: More detailed troubleshooting information is provided on http:// www.asterisk.org.

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Configuring T1/E1 Lines

1. Begin by opening the system.conf file from the /etc/dahdi directory.

2. Specify the two lett er country c ode for your loa dzone and defaultz one.

This will preload tone zone data and specif y a def ault tone zone for your interfaces.

The following is a typical setup for a telco in the US:

loadzone = us defaultzone = us

Configure the SPAN Map.

For each T1/E1 you are using, you will need to define a span. The SPAN map includes defining the SPAN number, timing, line bu ild out , framing, and coding. Configur ation details for each of these items is explained in this section.

span => <Number>,<Timing>,<Line Build Out>,<Framing>,<Coding>[,Yellow]

Number:

This is the port the T1/E1 l ine is plugg ed i nto. Port 1 be ing the fur thest span from the PCI bus. The port numbers are noted on the PCI bracket .

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Timing:

This determines how timing is handle d by the card.

0 - Card provides its own timing 1 - Receives tim ing fro m remo t e end 2 - Receives secondary backup timing from remote end 3 - Receives tertiary backup timing from remote end 4 - Receives quaternary backup timing from remote end

Only one span can be defined to take timing, and it define s timing for the rest of the card ’s spans.

Line Build Out:

For most setups the line build out is 0.

0: 0 db (CSU) / 0-133 feet (DSX-1) 1: 133-266 feet (DSX-1) 2: 266-399 feet (DSX-1) 3: 399-533 feet (DSX-1) 4: 533-655 feet (DSX-1) 5: -7.5db (CSU) 6: -15db (CSU) 7: -22.5db (CSU)

Framing:

T1 utilizes framing set for D4 (SF) or ESF. E1 utilizes CAS or CCS.

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Coding:

T1 coding can be AMI or B8ZS. E1 coding can be AMI or HDB3. E1 can also have the extra flag CRC4 at the end for CRC4 checking.

Yellow:

The optional yellow flag can be added at the end for transmitting a yellow alarm when no channels are open.

The following is a typical setup for a telco in the US:

span => 1,1,0,esf,b8zs

In Europe:

span => 1,1,0,ccs,hdb3

Specify the channel defin itions. The format is:

A list of valid devices are specified in the sample system.conf file.

The followi ng is a typica l set up for a T1 PRI in the US:

bchan = 1-23 dchan = 24

DAHDI uses modular echo cancellers that are configured per channel.

The echo cancellers are compiled and installed as part of the dahdilinux package. You can specify the echo canceller to be used for each channel. The default behavior is for there to be no echo canceller on

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Chapter 3: Configuration

any channel. So, it is very important that you specify one in the system.conf file if you do not have ha rdware echo cancellers and need echo cancel latio n . Th e format is:

echocanceller = <echocanceller name>,<channel(s)>

A list of valid echo cancellers are specified in the sample system.conf file.

The following i s a typical setup for a T1 PRI in the US usin g softwarebased echo cancellation:

echocanceller = mg2,1-23

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Chapter 3: Configuration

First Example: Channel Bank

The Channel Bank in this example has 24 FXS ports. In this configuration, the system.conf is set for the card to provide timing to the channel bank and fxoks is set for 24 stations.

chan_dahdi.conf to mirror the configuration with signalling =

Set

fxo_ks

and define it for channels 1-24.

/etc/dahdi/system.conf: loadzone = us defaultzone = us span = 1,0,0,esf,b8zs fxoks = 1-24 echocanceller = mg2,1-24

/etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf: group = 1 echocancel = yes context = channelbank signalling = fxo_ks channel = 1-24

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Second Example: E&M Line

In the E&M Line configuration, the system.conf is set for the card to take timing from the telco on E&M with wink while chan_dahdi.conf mirrors the configuration. Feat_D is a type of E&M with wink that accepts DID, but there are many E&M options; E&M_W, E&M, Feat_B, etc.

/etc/dahdi/system.conf: loadzone = us defaultzone = us span = 1,1,0,esf,b8zs e&m = 1-24 echocanceller = mg2,1-24

/etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf: group = 1 echocancel = yes context = incoming signalling = feat_d channel = 1-24

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Third Example: PRI

By configuring the card for a T1 PRI line in system.conf, you acquir e 23 bearer (B) channels for voice on the first 23 channels, and 1 delta (D) channel for signalling information on the 24th channel. In the chan_dahdi.conf file, define pri_cpe as the signalling type to act as the client side. Define the switch t ype you are connecting to as national. You will then have 23 voice channels for Asterisk.

PRI T1:

/etc/dahdi/system.conf: loadzone = us defaultzone = us span = 1,1,0,esf,b8zs bchan = 1-23 dchan = 24 echocanceller = mg2,1-23

/etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf: group = 1 echocancel = yes signalling = pri_cpe switchtype = national context = incoming channel = 1-23

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PRI E1:

/etc/dahdi/system.conf: loadzone = es defaultzone = es span = 1,1,0,ccs,hdb bchan = 1-15,17-31 dchan = 16 echocanceller = mg2,1-15,17-31

/etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf: group = 1 echocancel = yes signalling = pri_cpe switchtype = euroisdn context = incoming channel = 1-15,17-31

Chapter 3: Configuration

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Fourth Example: Data Mode

Data mode is a little different than the other options. The system.conf is configured as follows:

loadzone = us defaultzone = us span = 1,0,0,esf,b8zs nethdlc = 1-24

Instructions for Cisco HDLC:

1. Compile the Linux kernel with Cisco HDLC support. The Linux

kernel menuconfig menu may look similar to the following:

Device Drivers ---> [*] Network device support ---> [*] Wan interfaces support ---> <M> Generic HDLC support <M> Cisco HDLC support

Note: Digium recommends using Linux kernel version 2.6.8 or later. The HDLC implementation in Linux kernel vers ions prior to 2.6.8 may not be reliable or function at all.

2. Install the newly compiled Linux ke rnel.

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Chapter 3: Configuration

3. Reboot into the new Linux kernel.

4. Uncomment the foll owing line in linux/drivers/dahdi/

dahdi_config.h

#define CONFIG_DAHDI_NET

Rebuild DAHDI in order to compile the sethdlc utility. Then execute

of the DAHDI complete source package:

the following commands from the DAHDI complete sour ce dir ectory:

# make sethdlc # make install

Load and configure the driver:

# modprobe wct4xxp # dahdi_cfg

Use sethdlc to bring up the interface:

# sethdlc hdlc0 cisco

Assign the interface an address:

# ifconfig hdlc0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0

The interface may be addressed as any other networking interface

(i.e., eth0) in Linux.

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Testing Your Co nfigur ation

1. Load DAHDI drivers into the kernel using the modprobe utility. The

appropriate driver for the TE200 Series cards is wct4xxp. Users in all countries except Austra lia should use the following modprobe command:

# modprobe wct4xxp # dahdi_cfg -vv # dmesg

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Chapter 3: Configuration

Figure 11: Example dmesg Output

Note: Output as shown above may vary depending on the TE200 Series card you use.

2. Run dahdi_tool from the command line and see if the span turns

green for each span you have connected.

# dahdi_tool

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Chapter 3: Configuration

3. Execute the follo w ing A ste ri sk command to see if the span came up

successfully.

# asterisk # asterisk -vvvr

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Chapter 4 Troubleshooting

This chapter provides frequently asked questions as identified from Digium Technical Support and possible resolutions. Multiple resource s are available to obtain more infor mation about Asterisk and Digium products. These resources are listed on page 62.

What do the Status LED co lo rs indi cate?

 Green - Card is in-sync with the far end.  Yellow - Card is synchronizing or is re ceiving a red alar m from the far

end. Use a software tool such as dahdi_to ol to get a textua l descri ption of the state o f the card.

 Red - Card is not seeing far end, circuit is not up, or cable is bad.

I can't receive DID calls even though I have it enabled in extensions.conf.

Your telco might be sending calls with a method you are not expecting.

1. Check the method being used by attempting the following in your line

context:

_X.,1,NoOp(My DID matches as ${EXTEN})

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Chapter 4: Troubleshooting

2. Then type reload in the Asterisk console and call in. You should see

the DID come in on your T1/E1 line.

My D Channel seems to go up and down.

Check to be sure you have set your timing parameters correctly. Also, check the common causes of problems for a T1. See the Common Fixes

for all cards , page 60.

I have trouble dialing out. It seems that one type of dialing works (local, long distance, in ternational), but another does not.

Check your

pridialplan variable and verify that you are dialing using the

method your telco is expecting .

I am having trouble receiving DID information over E&M.

Try the other types of E&M (featd, featb, etc.) to match the method your telco is using to stream infor mation.

I am having issues with my PRI. How can I see the messages coming across my D chan nel?

Enter the following command:

*CLI> PRI debug span X

where X is the port from which you are connected. This command will show you the PRI messages coming across your D channel for that span.

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Chapter 4: Troubleshooting

I am still having problems and the telco tells me it is my equipment.

The first thing to do in this situat ion is to test your equipment.

1. Plug in a loopback cable. (A loopback cable is a cable that has pin 1

going to pin 4 and pin 2 going to pin 5.) Plug the cable into the span and wait for its LED to turn green.

2. Stop Asterisk a nd edit system.conf by removing the lines defined for

your card and replacing them with the following:

span => 1,0,0,esf,b8zs clear = 1-24

Or if you have an E1 span:

span => 1,0,0,ccs,hdb3 clear = 1-31

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Chapter 4: Troubleshooting

3. Navigate to the tools/ dire ctory in your DAHDI complete source

directory and type:

# make tests

Followed by:

# ./patlooptest /dev/dahdi/1 60

The first argument in the patlooptest command is the device for the channel number you want to test. You should always test the first channel of a span. The second argumen t i s the duration in seconds to run the test.

This runs a pattern looptest for 60 seconds. If you receive any failures, it is possible you have a bad card and will need to call Digium Technical Support (+1.256.428.6161)

How can I enable more features?

To view all of the options available to add to your dial plan, type the following commands from within Aster isk:

*CLI> core show applications *CLI> core show functions

Digium also offers services to help configure and add features you might need. Contact Digium Technical Support (+1.256.428.6161) for more information.

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Chapter 4: Troubleshooting

Common F ixe s for all cards

1. Check to see if the X W indow Sy stem (e.g. X.Org Server) is running

by entering the following:

# ps aux | grep X

If the X Window System is running, stop the application since it may cause a conflict with Asterisk.

2. Check to see if your PATA I DE hard drives are running with DMA

levels set. Advance user can perform an

hdparm on your hard drive

interface.

Use hdparm with caut ion as t he man pa ge st ates that h ar d drive corruptio n can occur when using incorrect settings. Pl ease review t he man page for hdp arm and mak e sur e you unde rst and the risks before using this tool.

Check the current mode using this command:

hdparm -vi /dev/[IDE Device]

Use this command to set the drives into UDMA2 mode:

hdparm -d 1 -X udma2 -c 3 /dev/[IDE Device]

If you are still having problems, contact your reseller from which the card was purchased, or Digium Technical Support (+1.256.428.6161).

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Chapter 4: Troubleshooting

Where can I find answers to additional questions?

There are several places to inquire for more information about Asterisk Digium products:

1. Digium Technical Support (+1.256.428.6161) , or Toll Free in the U.S.

(1.877.344.4861), is available 7am-8pm Central Time (GMT -6), Monday - Friday.

2. Asterisk users mailing list (asterisk.org/lists.digium.com).

3. IRC channel #asterisk on (irc.freenode.net).

Subscription Services Program

Digium is dedicated to support ing your Asterisk system by offering full technical support through our Subscription Services Program. Through this program, you can be at ease knowing that your business will always have access to the Asterisk expert s. Prici ng on Subscription Servic es may be obtained from your nearest reseller or you may call Digium Sales for referral to your neares t rese ller at +1.256.428.6000 or e-mail sales@digium.com.

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Appendix A

Pin 8

Pin 1

Pin Assignments

Both ports on the TE20 0 Serie s card br acket are 8-pin R J45 p orts. The pin assignments are identif ied in Tab le A-1.

Tab le A-1: RJ45 Telco Port Connec t or

Pin Description

1Rx 2Rx 3Not used 4Tx 5Tx 6Not used 7Not used 8Not used

Digiu m, In c . Pa g e 6 2

Appendix B Specifications

This appendix provides specifications, required environmental conditions, and maximum power consumption f or the T E200 Series cards.

Physical (All Cards).

Size: 5” × 3.75” × 0.63” (12.7 x 9.53 x 1.6 cm)

PCB size, does not include the PCI bracket

Weight: 3.5 oz (100gm) - Without Echo Cancellation Module

Interfaces.

Local Loop Access: E1, T1, J1, PRI; RJ45 (TE205P/207P/210P/212P) - PCI Bus: 3.3V or 5V bus slot, halflength slot minimum size, 33MHz minimum bus speed, compliant with PCI 2.2 or greater.

(TE220) - PCI-E X1, compliant with PCI-E X1 1.0 or greater.

Environment.

Temperature: 0 to 50° C (32 to 122° F) operation

-20 to 65° C (4 to 149° F) storage

Humidity: 10 to 90% non-condensing

Digiu m, In c . Pa g e 6 3

Appendix B: Specifications

Hardware an d Softw a re Requirements.

800-Mhz Pentium III or better 64MB RAM Available PCI (TE205P/207P/210P/212P) or PCI-E (TE220) Slot

Table B-2: Maximum Power Consumption

Model Power

TE220B

3.3V 4.0 Watts TE220

3.3V 2.0 Watts TE212P

3.3V 5V

TE210P

3.3V 5V

2.5 Watts

0.5 Watts

1.5 Watts 0 W atts

TE207P

3.3V 5V

2.5 Watts

0.5 Watts

TE205P

3.3V 5V

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1.5 Watts 0 W atts

Appendix C Gloss ary and Acronyms

ANSI American National Standards Institute

An organization which proposes and establishes standards for international communications.

asynchronous

Not synchronized; not timed to an outside clock source. Transmission is controlled by start bits a t the beginning and stop bits at the end of each character. Asynchronous communications are often found in internet access and remote office applications.

attenuation

The dissipation of a transmitted signal’s power as it travels over a wire.

bandwidth

The capacity to carry traffic. Higher bandwidth indicates the ability to transfer more data in a given time period.

bit

The smallest element of information in a digital system. A bit can be either a zero or a one.

bps bits per second

A measurement of transmission spe ed across a data connection.

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Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms

broadband

Broadband transmission sha res the bandwidth of a particular medium (copper or fiber optic) to integrate multiple signals. The channels take up different f requencies on the cable, integrating voic e, data, and video over one line.

channel

A generic term for an individual dat a stre am. Ser vice providers can use multiplexing techniques to transmit multiple channels over a common medium.

Cat5

Category of Performance for wiring and cabling. Cat 5 cabling support applications up to 100 MHz.

Cat5E

Category of Performance for wiring and cabling. Category 5 Enhanced wiring supports signal r ates up to 100 MHz but adheres to stricter quality specifications.

CLEC competitive local exchange carrier

A term for telephone companies established after the T elecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated the LECs. CLECs compete with ILECs to offer local service. See als o LEC and ILEC.

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Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms

CO central office

The CO houses local switching equipment. All local access lines in a particular geographic area terminate at this facility (which is usually owned and operated by an ILEC).

CPE customer premises equipment

T erminal equipment which is connected to the telecommunications network and which resides within the home or of fice of the customer . This includes telephones, modems, terminals, routers, and television set-top boxes.

DAHDI Digium Asterisk Hardware Device Interface

A telephony project dedicated to implementing a reasonable and affordable compute r tele phony plat form in to t he wor ld mar ketpla ce. Al so, the collective name for the Digium -provided drivers for Digium telephony interface products.

DS0 Digital Signal, Level 0

A voice grade channel of 64 Kbps. The worldwide standar d speed for digitizing voice conversation using PCM (Pulse Code Modulation).

DS1 Digital Signal, Level 1

1.544 Mbps in North America (T1) and Japan (J1) -up to 24 voice channels (DS0s), 2.048 Mbps in Europe (E1) - up to 32 voice channels (DS0s). DS1/T1/E1 lines are part of the PSTN.

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Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms

DS3 Digital Signal, Level 3

T3 in North America and Japan, E3 in Europe. Up to 672 voice channels (DS0s). DS3/T3/E3 lines are not part of the PSTN

DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency

Push-button or touch tone dial ing.

The European equivalent of North Ameri can T1, transmits data at 2.048 Mbps, up to 32 voice channels (DS0s).

The European equival ent of North American T3, transmits data at 34.368 Mbps, up to 512 voice channels (DS0s). Equivale nt to 16 E1 lines.

EMI Electromagnetic Interference

Unwanted electrical noise present on a power line

full duplex

Data transmission in two directions simultaneously.

FXO Foreign Exchange Office

Receives the ringing volta ge from an FXS device.

FXS Foreign Exchange Station

Initiates and sends ringing voltage.

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Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms

G.711

A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) for an algorithm designe d to transmit and receive mulaw PCM voice and A-law at a digita l bit rate of 64 Kbps. This algor ithm is used fo r digital telephone sets on digital PBX.

G.72 3.1

A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) for an algorithm designe d to transmit and receive audio over telephone lines at 6.3 Kbps or 5.3 Kbps.

G.72 9a

A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) for an algorithm designe d to transmit and receive audio over telephone lines at 8 Kbps.

H.323

A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) for multimedia communic ations over packet-based networks.

IAX Inter-Asterisk eXchange

The native VoIP protocol used by Asterisk. It is an IETF standard used to enable VoIP connections between Asterisk servers, and between servers and clients that also use the IAX protoc ol.

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Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms

iLBC internet Low Bitrate Codec

A free speech codec used for voice over IP. It is designed for narrow band speech with a payload bitrate of 13.33 kbps (frame length = 30ms) and

15.2 kbps (frame length = 20 ms).

ILEC incumbent local exchange c arrier

The LECs that were the or iginal carr iers in the market pr ior to th e entry of competition and theref ore have the dominant position in the market.

interface

A point of contact between two systems, networks, or devices.

ISO International Standards Organization LED light-emitting diode

Linux

A robust, feature-packed open source operating system based on Unix that remains freely available on the internet. It boasts dependability and offers a wide range of compatibility with hardware and software. Asterisk is supported exclusively on Linux.

loopback

A state in which the transmit signal is reversed back as the receiv e signal, typically by a far end network element.

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Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms

MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol

multiplexing

Transmitting multiple signals over a single line or chan nel. FDM (frequency divisi on multiplexing) and TDM (time division multiplexing) are the two most common methods. FDM separates signals by dividing the data onto different carrier frequencies, and TDM separates signals by interleaving bit s one after the other.

MUX multiplexer

A device which transmits multipl e signals over a single communications line or channel. See multiplexing.

PBX private branch exchange

A smaller version of a phone company’s large central switching office. Example: Asterisk.

PCI periph eral compo nent interconnect

A standard bus used in most computers to connect peripheral devices.

POP point of presence

The physical connection point between a network and a telephone network. A POP is usually a network node serving as the equivalent of a CO to a network service provider or an interexchange carrier.

POTS plain old telephone service

Standard phone service over the public switched telephone network (PSTN). This service provides analog bandwidth of less than 4 kHz.

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Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms

PPP point-to-point protocol

Type of communications link that connects a single device to another single device, such as a remote terminal to a host computer.

PSTN public switched telephone network

The public switched teleph one network (PSTN) is the network of the world's public circuit-switched telephone networks. Originally a network of fixed-line analog te lephone systems, the PSTN is now almost entirely digital, and now includes mobile as well as fixed telephones.

QoS quality of service

A measure of telephone service, as specified by the Public Service Commission.

RJ11

A six-pin ja ck typically used for connecting telephones, modems, and fax machines in residentia l and business settings to PBX or the local telephone CO.

SIP Session Initiation Protocol

An IETF standard for setting up sessions be tween one or more clients. It is currently the leading signaling protocol for Voice over IP, gradually replacing H.323.

A dedicated digital carrier facility which transmits up to 24 voice channels (DS0s) and transmit s data at 1.544 Mbps. Commonly used to carry traff ic to and from private business networks and ISPs.

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Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms

A dedicated digital carrie r facility which consists of 28 T1 lines and transmits data at 44.736 Mbps. Equivalent to 672 voice channels (DS0s).

TDM time division multiplexer

A device that supports simul taneous transmissi on of multiple data streams into a single high-speed dat a stre am. TDM separa tes signals by interleaving bit s one after the other.

telco

A generic name which refers to the telephone companies throughout the world, including RBOCs, LECs, and PTTs.

tip and ring

The standard terminati on on the two conduct ors of a telephone circuit; named after the physical appear a nce of the contact areas on the jack plug.

twisted pair

T wo copper wires commonly used for telephony and data communications. The wires are wrapped loosely around each other to minimize radio frequency interference or interference from other pairs in the same bundle.

V volts VoIP Voice over IP

T echnology used for transmitti ng voice tr affic over a data network using the Internet Protoco l.

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Digium TE220, TE220B, TE212P, TE210P, TE207P User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Chapter 1 Overview

Echo-Cancellation

What is Asteri sk®?

Asterisk as a Switch (PBX)

Asterisk as a Gateway

Asterisk in the Call Center

Asterisk in the Network

Aste risk Everywhere

Chapter 2 Card Installation

Unpacking the Card

Shipmen t Ins pec ti o n

Identifyi ng C om m un ic a tion Por ts

T1/E1 Selection

Identifying Multiple Cards

Connecting Timing Cables

Slot Compatibility

Hardware Installat ion

Software Installation

Installing Asteris k

Chapter 3 Configuration

Configuring Card Feature s

Configuring T1/E1 Lines

Testing Your Co nfigur ation

Chapter 4 Troubleshooting

Appendix B Specifications

Appendix C Gloss ary and Acronyms