Digital Voice Systems Net-2000 User Manual

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Digital Voice Systems, Inc.

The Speech Compression Specialists

Net-2000

Voice Codec Unit

User’s Manual

Version 1.0

March 2004

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Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual Version 1.0, March 2004

Copyright, 2004 Digital Voice Systems, Inc 234 Littleton Road Westford, MA 01886

This document may not, in whole or in part be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form without prior consent in writing from Digital Voice Systems, Incorporated.

Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual. However, Digital Voice Systems, Inc. makes no warranties with respect to the documentation and disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Digital Voice Systems, Inc. shall not be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this manual or the examples herein. The information in this document is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit, AMBE+™ and AMBE+2™ are trademarks of Digital Voice Systems, Inc. AMBE® is a registered trademark of Digital Voice Systems, Inc. Other product names mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies and are the sole property of their respective manufacturers.

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit END USER License Agreement

1.0 Preliminary Statements and Definitions

1.1 “Voice Codec Unit” shall mean the hardware, software and associated documentation referred to in the invoice or shipping papers accompanying this agreement for which END USER has requested a license, and any derivative works thereof, including modifications, enhancements and extensions made by or for Digital Voice Systems, Inc. (DVSI) and including circuit diagrams, timing diagrams, programmable logic software, logic diagrams, layouts, operating instructions and user manuals.

1.2 “AMBE™ Software” shall mean the speech coding software and/or firmware provided as part of the Voice Codec Unit. This software is contained in the Read Only Memories (ROMS, EPROMS, EEPROMS, etc...) which are included as part of the Voice Codec Unit. This software includes any derivative works which have as their source the software contained in the Read Only Memories, and it includes the software contained in any future Read Only Memories which DVSI may provide END USER for use in the Voice Codec.

1.3 “Designated Site” shall mean the location of the Voice Codec Unit.

1.4 “Proprietary Information” shall mean the information which DVSI desires to protect against unrestricted disclosure or competitive use and which is designated as such in writing by DVSI or is disclosed orally and within thirty (30) days thereafter is reduced to tangible form pursuant to this License.

1.5 DVSI represents that it owns certain “Proprietary Rights” in the Technology and in the AMBE and AMBE+2™ Voice Compression Software, including patent rights in the Technology, and patent rights, copyrights, and trade secrets in the AMBE and AMBE+2™ Voice Compression Software.

2.0 License Granted

2.1 Subject to the conditions herein and upon initial use of the AMBE™ and AMBE+2™ Software within the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit, DVSI hereby grants to END USER a nonexclusive, limited license to use the AMBE® and AMBE+™ Voice Compression Software internal to the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit. Title to the AMBE® Voice Compression Software remains with DVSI. No license is granted for use of the

AMBE+™ Voice Compression Software on other than

AMBE the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit. No license, right or interest in any trademark, trade name or service mark of DVSI is granted under this Agreement.

2.2 END USER shall not copy, extract, de-compile, reverse engineer or disassemble the AMBE Voice Compression Software contained in the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit.

2.3 Transfer of License (a) END USER may transfer the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit with the AMBE® and AMBE+™ Software and all rights under this agreement to a third party together with a copy of this Agreement provided that END USER provides DVSI with a written notification of the transfer and provided that the third party agrees in writing to accept all the terms and conditions of this agreement. Upon any such transfer, END USER’s rights under this Agreement shall terminate pursuant to Section 3.0.

DVSI Confidential Proprietary

and AMBE+™

(b) END USER may relocate the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit, and the subsequent location shall then be considered the Designated Site. (c) Except as provided in this Section 2.2, this Agreement, the AMBE® and AMBE+™ Software and any other information provided by DVSI to END USER and any licenses and rights granted hereunder, may not be sold, leased, assigned, sublicensed or otherwise transferred, in whole or in part, by END USER.

2.4 END USER shall not de-compile, reverse engineer or disassemble the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit, AMBE® and AMBE+™ Software.

3.0 Term and Termination

3.1 This Agreement is effective upon initial use of the

and AMBE+™ Software on the Net-2000 Voice Codec

AMBE Unit and shall remain in effect until terminated in accordance with this agreement.

3.2 This Agreement shall terminate automatically without notice from DVSI if END USER fails to comply with any of the material terms and conditions herein. END USER may terminate this Agreement at any time upon written notice to DVSI certifying that END USER has complied with the provisions of Section 3.3.

3.3 Upon termination of this Agreement for any reason, END USER shall: (i) have no further rights to the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE discontinue all use of the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and

and AMBE+™ Software; and (iii) destroy or, at DVSI’s

AMBE option, return the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE AMBE+™ Software.

4.0 Payments

4.1 In consideration of the hardware, software, and associated materials provided as part of the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE consideration of the license and rights in the AMBE AMBE+™ Software granted by DVSI, and in consideration of DVSI’s performance of its obligations hereunder, END USER agrees to pay to DVSI the fee specified in DVSI’s invoice.

5.0 Proprietary Notices

5.1 END USER shall not remove any copyright or proprietary notice on the on the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and

and AMBE+™ Voice Compression Software.

AMBE

6.0 Proprietary Information

6.1 The parties agree that the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE

and AMBE+™ Software, Voice Compression

Software shall be considered Proprietary Information.

6.2 Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, END USER shall not use, disclose, make, or have made any copies of the Proprietary Information, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of DVSI.

6.3 END USER shall make reasonable efforts to notify and inform its employees having access to the Proprietary Information of END USER’s limitations, duties and obligations regarding nondisclosure and copying of the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE Information shall be used only by employees of END USER and

and AMBE+™ Software; (ii)

and

and AMBE+™ Software, and in

and AMBE+™ Software,. Proprietary

and

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual

only at the Designated Site, except as provided under this agreement.

6.4 END USER shall have no obligations for disclosure or use of Proprietary Information which: (i) is already known to END USER, at time of disclosure by DVSI; (ii) is or becomes publicly known through publication, inspection of product or otherwise through no wrongful act of END USER; (iii) is received from a third party without restriction and without breach of this Agreement; (iv) is independently developed by END USER; (v) is disclosed to a third party by or on behalf of DVSI without restriction; or (vi) is approved for release or use by written authorization of DVSI.

6.5 Notwithstanding any termination pursuant to Section 3.0, the obligations set forth in this Section 6.0 shall survive termination of this Agreement.

7.0 Limited Warranty

7.1 DVSI warrants the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and

and AMBE+™ Software, to be free from defects in

AMBE materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of ninety (90) days from the date of delivery. DVSI further warrants that the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE AMBE+™ Software, operate in accordance with the written specifications delivered to END USER with the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit,.

7.2 Except as stated in Section 7.1, the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE® and AMBE+™ Software, are provided “as is” without warranty of any kind. DVSI does not warrant, guarantee or make any representations regarding the use, or the results of the use, of the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE® and AMBE+™ Software, with respect to its correctness, accuracy, reliability, correctness or otherwise. The entire risk as to the results and performance of the Net2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE® and AMBE+™ Software, is assumed by the END USER. After expiration of the warranty period, END USER, and not DVSI or its employees, assumes the entire cost of any servicing, repair or correction of the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE® and AMBE+™ Software,.

7.3 DVSI warrants that it has the right to enter into this Agreement and to grant a license to use the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE® and AMBE+™ Software, to END USER.

7.4 Except as specifically set forth in this Section 7.0, DVSI makes no express or implied warranties including, without limitation, the warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or arising from a course of dealing, usage or trade practice, with respect to the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and AMBE

and AMBE+™ Software,. Some states do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, so the above exclusion may not apply to END USER. No oral or written information or advice given by DVSI or its employees shall create a warranty or in any way increase the scope of this warranty, and END USER may not rely on any such information or advice. The limited warranties under this section 7.0 give END USER specific legal rights, and END USER may have other rights which vary from state to state.

8.0 Limitation of Liability

8.1 In no event shall DVSI be liable for any special, incidental, indirect or consequential damages resulting from the use or performance of the Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit and

and AMBE+™ Software, whether based on an action

AMBE in contract, tort (including negligence) or otherwise (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, and loss of business information), even

and

Information – Section

if DVSI or any DVSI representative has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

8.2 Because some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above limitations may not apply to END USER.

8.3 DVSI’s maximum liability for damages arising under this Agreement shall be limited to 20% (twenty percent) of the fees paid by END USER for the particular Net-2000 Voice Codec Unit which caused the damages or that is the subject matter of, or is directly related to, the cause of action.

9.0 Taxes

9.1 All payments required under Section 4.0 or otherwise under this Agreement are exclusive of taxes and END USER agrees to bear and be responsible for the payment of all such taxes (except for taxes based upon DVSI’s income) including, but not limited to, all sales, use, rental receipt, personal property or other taxes which may be levied or assessed in connection with this Agreement.

10.0 Export

10.1 United States export laws and regulations prohibit the exportation of certain products or technical data received from DVSI under this Agreement to certain countries except under a special validated license. As of May 20, 1996 the restricted countries are: Libya, Cuba, North Korea, Iraq, Serbia, Montenegro, and Iran. The END USER hereby gives its assurance to DVSI that it will not knowingly, unless prior authorization is obtained from the appropriate U.S. export authority, export or re-export, directly or indirectly to any of the restricted countries any products or technical data received from DVSI under this Agreement in violation of said United States Export Laws and Regulations. DVSI neither represents that a license is not required nor that, if required, it will be issued by the U.S. Department of Commerce. Licensee shall assume complete and sole responsibility for obtaining any licenses required for export purposes.

11.0 Governing Law

11.1 This Agreement is made under and shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, except that body of law governing conflicts of law. If any provision of this Agreement shall be held unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, that provision shall be enforced to the maximum extent permissible, and the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

12.0 Notices Any notices to DVSI which may be given hereunder shall be sent in writing to: Digital Voice Systems Inc., 234 Littleton Road, Westford, MA, 01886 USA

DVSI Confidential Proprietary

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual

Information – Section

Safety Instructions

Safety Precautions

1. Read Instructions - All the safety and operating instructions should be read before operating the Net-2000™ VCU unit. Failure to exercise reasonable care and to follow all instructions and heed all warnings may result in injury to property or to individuals.

2. Retain Instructions - The safety and operating instructions should be retained for future reference.

3. Heed Warnings - Adhered to all warnings and cautions on the unit and in the operating instructions.

4. Follow Instructions - All operating and use instructions should be followed.

5. Water and Moisture - The appliance should not be used near water - for example, near a washbowl, sink, laundry tub, or in a wet or damp location. Moisture may form inside the unit it is brought from cool surroundings into a warm room or if the room temperature suddenly rises. To prevent this, let the Net-2000™ VCU unit stand in its new surroundings for about an hour before switching it on, or make sure the room temperature rises gradually. Condensation may also form if the unit is exposed to the breeze from an air conditioner. In these situations, change the location of the Net-2000™ VCU .

6. Carts and Stands - The Net-2000™ VCU unit should be used only with a cart or stand that is suitable for the units size and weight. The unit and cart combination should be moved with care. Quick stops, excessive force, and uneven surfaces may cause the cart to overturn.

7. Wall or Ceiling Mounting - The Net-2000™ VCU unit is not intended to be mounted to a wall or the ceiling.

8. Ventilation - The Net-2000™ VCU unit should be situated so that its location or position does not interfere with proper ventilation and air circulation around the unit. For example, the unit should also not be placed in a built-in installation, such as an sealed cabinet or bookcase that may impede the flow of air around the unit.

9. Heat - The Net-2000™ VCU unit should be situated away from heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, ovens, or other appliances (including amplifiers) that produce heat.

10. Power Sources - The Unit should be connected to an AC power source only of the type described in the operating instructions or as marked on the Net-2000™ VCU unit. The Net2000™ VCU unit uses AC voltages which can cause death or serious injury if used improperly. Extreme care must be taken when connecting or disconnecting from power sources and in no event should the user remove the cover or back of the unit.

11. Grounding and Polarization - Precautions should be taken to insure that the grounding or polarization means of the Net-2000™ VCU unit is not defeated.

12. Power-Cord Protection - Power-supply cords should be routed so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items placed upon or against them. Pay particular attention to cords at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they connect to the Net-2000™ VCU unit. Handle the power-cord by the plug. Do not pull out the plug by tugging the cord.

13. Cleaning - Unplug the Net-2000™ VCU unit from the AC power source before cleaning. The unit should be cleaned only with a polishing cloth or soft dry cloth. Never clean the unit with furniture wax, benzene, insecticides, or other volatile liquids.

14. Nonuse Periods - The AC power cord of the Net-2000™ VCU unit should be unplugged from the wall outlet when left unused for long periods of time.

15. Object and Liquid Entry - Care should be take so that objects do not fall and liquids are not spilled onto the enclosure.

16. Damage Requiring Service - The Net-2000™ VCU unit should be serviced by qualified service personnel when:

• The power-supply cord or plug has been damaged.

• Objects have fallen, or liquid has been spilled into the unit; or

• The unit has been exposed to rain; or

• The unit does not appear to operate normally or exhibits a marked change in performance;

• The unit has been dropped, or the enclosure damaged.

DVSI Confidential Proprietary

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual

Information – Section

Rear Panel Caution Description

The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol, within an equilateral triangle, is intended to alert the user to the presence of insolated “dangerous voltage” within the product’s enclosure that may be sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons. The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance.

CAUTION:

To prevent the risk of electric shock, do not remove cover.

No user-serviceable parts are inside.

Refer servicing to qualified service personnel.

Servicing

The user should not attempt to service the Net-2000™ VCU unit beyond that described in the operating instructions. All other servicing should be referred to qualified personnel.

WARNING

The power switch is secondary connected and therefore does not

separate the unit from mains power in the OFF position.

WARNING

To prevent fire or shock hazard, do not expose this unit to rain or

moisture. If this equipment is used in a manner not specified in this

manual, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.

Important Note: The serial number for this equipment is located on the rear panel. Please write this serial number in this manual and keep it in a secure area for future reference.

DVSI Confidential Proprietary

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual

Section – Table of Contents

Table of Contents

AFETY INSTRUCTIONS .............................................................................. III

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ................................................................................................ III

REAR PANEL CAUTION DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................IV

SERVICING.................................................................................................................. IV

Section 1 NET-2000

GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................................1

FEATURES ...................................................................................................................1

INTERFACES.................................................................................................................1

SET-UP........................................................................................................................2

NET-2000™ MODES OF OPERATION..............................................................................2

CONTROL ....................................................................................................................2

PROTOCOL ..................................................................................................................2

Section 2 NET-2000

OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................................3

NET-2000™ VCU CONNECTIONS.................................................................................3

RACK MOUNT INSTALLATION .........................................................................................6

VCU INTRODUCTION ............................................... 1

VCU INSTALLATION ................................................ 3

Connecting AC Power .......................................................................................3

Voice Audio I/O Connections.............................................................................4

4-Wire..................................................................................................4

Handset...............................................................................................4

2-Wire..................................................................................................4

Channel Communication ...................................................................................4

Ethernet...............................................................................................4

Connecting the Ethernet Network.......................................................4

RS-422................................................................................................5

Connecting to RS-232 .......................................................................................5

Section 3 NET-2000™ VCU SETUP & CONTROL ........................................ 7

OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................................7

VCU FRONT PANEL .....................................................................................................7

Power On Switch ...............................................................................................7

INITIAL SET-UP – (RS-232 SERIAL CONNECTION) ..........................................................7

Serial Interface Commands...............................................................................9

VOIP mode command .......................................................................................9

VOIP Mode Command Example.......................................................10

FILE mode command: .....................................................................................10

Stop Command................................................................................................11

NET-2000™ WEB CONTROL INTERFACE .....................................................................11

Status Page .....................................................................................................11

System Status...................................................................................13

Start / Stop Button.............................................................................13

Net-2000™ VCU VOIP Mode Settings...........................................................14

Vocoder Type and Rate Selection ....................................................14

Forward Error Correction (FEC) .......................................................16

Voice Source.....................................................................................17

Output Gain.......................................................................................17

Channel Source Selection ................................................................17

Target IP Address .............................................................................18

DVSI Confidential Proprietary

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual

Section – Table of Contents

Port Number......................................................................................18

Reset to Defaults Button ...................................................................19

Vocoder Mode Configuration...........................................................................19

Voice Activation Detection (VAD) .....................................................19

Tone Detector ...................................................................................20

Noise Suppressor .............................................................................20

Echo Canceller (Echo)......................................................................20

2-Wire Wait on Ring..........................................................................20

DTMF Selection Page .....................................................................................20

File Mode Page................................................................................................23

File Mode Status ...............................................................................23

Processing Files With the Net-2000™ VCU Software......................24

Network Settings Page ....................................................................................25

Version Identification .......................................................................................26

Section 4 INTERFACE PROTOCOL ............................................................. 27

INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................27

SERIAL PORT PROTOCOL............................................................................................27

ETHERNET PROTOCOL................................................................................................27

PROTOCOL PACKET DESCRIPTION ..............................................................................27

PACKET HEADER........................................................................................................28

CHANNEL PACKET......................................................................................................29

Channel Packet Parameters............................................................................30

Channel Packet Bytes 0 and 1 (len) .................................................30

Channel Packet Bytes 2 and 3 (type) ...............................................30

Channel Packet Bytes 4 and 5 (seq) ................................................30

Channel Packet Bytes 6 to 17 (rate[6]).............................................31

Channel Packet Bytes 18 and 19 (cmode) .......................................33

Channel Packet Bytes 20, 21, 22, 23 (tone.idx & tone.amp)...........34

Channel Packet Bytes 24 & 25 (ws) .................................................35

Channel Packet Bytes 26 & 27 (format) ...........................................35

ENCODE COMMAND PACKET.......................................................................................36

DECODE COMMAND PACKET.......................................................................................38

CHANNEL [192] ..........................................................................................................40

VOICE PACKET...........................................................................................................41

Voice Packet Parameters ................................................................................42

Voice Packet Bytes 0 &1 (len) ..........................................................42

Voice Packet Bytes 2 & 3 (type) .......................................................42

Voice Packet Bytes 4 & 5 (seq) ........................................................42

Voice Packet Bytes 6 – 15 (rate[5]) .................................................42

Voice Packet Bytes 18 & 19 (cmode) ...............................................42

Voice Packet Bytes 20 – 23 (tone [2]) ..............................................43

Voice Packet Bytes 24 and 25 (ws) ..................................................43

Voice Packet Bytes 26 & 27 (format)................................................44

Voice Packet Bytes 28-347 (voice [ ])...............................................44

RESET PACKET ..........................................................................................................44

Reset Packet Parameters................................................................................45

Reset Packet Bytes 0 &1 (len) ..........................................................45

Reset Packet Bytes 2 & 3 (type).......................................................45

Reset Packet Bytes 4 & 5 (seq)........................................................45

Reset Packet Bytes 6 & 7 (which) ....................................................46

ACK PACKET..............................................................................................................46

Ack Packet Parameters ...................................................................................47

Ack Packet Bytes 0 &1 (len) .............................................................47

Ack Packet Bytes 2 & 3 (type) ..........................................................47

Ack Packet Bytes 4 & 5 (seq) ...........................................................47

Ack Packet Bytes 6 & 7 (cmd) ..........................................................48

DVSI Confidential Proprietary

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual

Section – Table of Contents

RESPONSE PACKETS..................................................................................................48

Channel Response Packet..............................................................................48

Voice Response Packet ..................................................................................49

Nack Packet.....................................................................................................51

Nack Packet Parameters ..................................................................52

Section 5 SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................... 54

INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................54

REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS .......................................................................................54

AUDIO I/O CONNECTIONS ...........................................................................................55

ELECTRICAL INPUT .....................................................................................................56

MECHANICAL .............................................................................................................56

ENVIRONMENTAL........................................................................................................56

Section 6 NET-2000 SUPPORT................................................................. 57

UPGRADE PROCEDURE ..............................................................................................57

DVSI TECHNICAL SUPPORT........................................................................................57

List of Tables

TABLE 1 REAR PANEL CONNECTORS .............................................................................................3

TABLE 2 SERIAL PORT TERMINAL SET-UP ......................................................................................7

TABLE 3 DHCP SET-UP COMMAND ARGUMENTS............................................................................8

TABLE 4 DHCP SETUP EXAMPLE ..................................................................................................8

TABLE 5 AMBE / AMBE+ DATA AND FEC RATES ........................................................................15

TABLE 6 AMBE+2 DATA RATE....................................................................................................16

TABLE 7 DEFAULT VALUES..........................................................................................................19

TABLE 8 DTMF DATA .................................................................................................................22

TABLE 9 CHANNEL PACKET HEADER ...........................................................................................28

TABLE 10 LEN HEADER PARAMETER.............................................................................................28

TABLE 11 TYPE HEADER PARAMETER..........................................................................................28

TABLE 12 SEQ HEADER PARAMETER ............................................................................................29

TABLE 13 CHANNEL PACKET.......................................................................................................29

TABLE 14 CHANNEL PACKECT LEN HEADER PARAMETER...............................................................30

TABLE 15 TYPE HEADER PARAMETER...........................................................................................30

TABLE 16 SEQ HEADER PARAMETER ............................................................................................31

TABLE 17 RATE CHANNEL PARAMETER .......................................................................................31

TABLE 18 A CMODE CHANNEL PARAMETER (DECODER INPUT FLAGS) ...........................................33

TABLE 19 TONE.IDX—CHANNEL-PARAMETER...............................................................................34

TABLE 20 TONE.AMP -- CHANNEL-PARAMETER............................................................................35

TABLE 21 WS -- CHANNEL PARAMETER .......................................................................................35

TABLE 22 FORMAT -- CHANNEL PARAMETER ...............................................................................35

TABLE 23 ENCODE COMMAND PACKET.........................................................................................36

TABLE 24 CMODE BITS FOR ENCODER COMMAND PACKETS..........................................................37

TABLE 25 DECODE COMMAND PACKET........................................................................................38

TABLE 26 CMODE BITS FOR DECODER COMMAND PACKETS..........................................................39

TABLE 27 CHANNEL PARAMETERS................................................................................................40

TABLE 28 ENCODE PACKET ........................................................................................................41

TABLE 29 LEN HEADER PARAMETER.............................................................................................42

TABLE 30 TYPE HEADER PARAMETER...........................................................................................42

TABLE 31 SEQ HEADER PARAMETER ............................................................................................42

TABLE 32 A CMODE PARAMETER (HALF-RATE ENCODER INPUTS) .................................................43

TABLE 33 WS PARAMETER ..........................................................................................................43

TABLE 34 FORMAT PARAMETERS.................................................................................................44

DVSI Confidential Proprietary

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual

TABLE 35 RESET PACKET ...........................................................................................................44

TABLE 36 LEN HEADER PARAMETER.............................................................................................45

TABLE 37 TYPE HEADER PARAMETER...........................................................................................45

TABLE 38 SEQ HEADER PARAMETER ............................................................................................45

TABLE 39 WHICH PARAMETER .....................................................................................................46

TABLE 40 ACK PACKET...............................................................................................................46

TABLE 41 LEN HEADER PARAMETER.............................................................................................47

TABLE 42 TYPE HEADER PARAMETER...........................................................................................47

TABLE 43 SEQ HEADER PARAMETER ............................................................................................47

TABLE 44 CMD PARAMETER.........................................................................................................48

TABLE 45 CHANNEL RESPONSE PACKET .....................................................................................48

TABLE 46 CMODE BITS FOR CHANNEL RESPONSE PACKETS .........................................................49

TABLE 47 VOICE RESPONSE PACKET ..........................................................................................50

TABLE 48 CMODE BITS FOR VOICE RESPONSE PACKETS ..............................................................50

TABLE 49 NACK PACKET.............................................................................................................51

TABLE 50 LEN HEADER PARAMETER.............................................................................................52

TABLE 51 TYPE HEADER PARAMETER...........................................................................................52

TABLE 52 SEQ HEADER PARAMETER ............................................................................................53

TABLE 53 CMD PARAMETER.........................................................................................................53

TABLE 54 REASON PARAMETER ...................................................................................................53

TABLE 55 SERIAL PORT PIN OUTS ..............................................................................................54

TABLE 56 RS-422 SYNCRONOUS SERIAL PORT PIN OUTS ...........................................................55

TABLE 57 RS-422 ASYNCRONOUS SERIAL PORT PIN OUTS .........................................................55

List of Figures

FIGURE 1 NET-2000™ VCU REAR PANEL ....................................................................................3

FIGURE 2 CONNECT TWO NET-2000™ VCU VIA RS-422...............................................................5

FIGURE 3 CONNECTING TWO NET-2000™ VCU’S TOGETHER.........................................................6

FIGURE 4 RACK MOUNT INSTALLATION ..........................................................................................6

FIGURE 5 NET-2000™ VCU FRONT PANEL...................................................................................7

FIGURE 6 NET-2000™ VCU STATUS PAGE.................................................................................12

FIGURE 7 NAVIGATION MENU ......................................................................................................12

FIGURE 8 STATUS INDICATION.....................................................................................................13

FIGURE 9 START / STOP BUTTON ................................................................................................13

FIGURE 10 NET-2000™ VOIP SETTINGS ....................................................................................14

FIGURE 11 VOICE SOURCE .........................................................................................................17

FIGURE 12 CHANNEL SOURCE SELECTIONS.................................................................................18

FIGURE 13 VOCODER OPTIONS ...................................................................................................19

FIGURE 14 DTMF KEY PAD ........................................................................................................22

FIGURE 15 FILE PAGE WINDOW ..................................................................................................23

FIGURE 16 FILE MODE STATUS ...................................................................................................23

FIGURE 17 FILE MODE START / STOP BUTTONS ...........................................................................25

FIGURE 18 NET-2000™ VCU NETWORK SETTINGS WINDOW.......................................................25

FIGURE 19 SOFTWARE VERSION INFORMATION WINDOW..............................................................26

FIGURE 20 RS-422 ASYNCHRONOUS PIN 1 .................................................................................55

Section – Table of Contents

DVSI Confidential Proprietary

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Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit User’s Manual

Section 1 – Net-2000™ VCU Introduction

Net-2000TM VCU Introduction

General Information

The Net-2000™ voice codec unit (VCU) incorporates Digital Voice Systems, Inc. (DVSI) latest advancement in voice compression technology to bridge analog speech I/O to an Ethernet network. The Net-2000™ VCU supports the AMBE modes for volume OEM applications such as VoIP products, voice recording and digital communication systems.

The Net-2000™ VCU contains several interfaces for flexibility in speech input and output including Ethernet and RS-422 as a channel data interfaces. The Net-2000™ VCU speech I/O can operate in full duplex for real time communication or in half duplex mode voice recording or other storage applications. The speech I/O is easily managed with the Net-2000™ VCU built-in web server control.

The Net-2000™ VCU incorporates three voice compression modes to provide a variety of bit rates between 2.0 - 9.6 kbps. Along with the data rate flexibility the Net-2000™ VCU offers built-in Forward Error Correction (FEC), Voice Activity Detection (VAD), Comfort Noise Insertion (CNI), echo cancellation and DTMF capability.

, AMBE+™, and AMBE+2™ voice compression vocoder

Features

• Net-2000™ VCU incorporates the AMBE® , AMBE+™, and AMBE+2™ voice compression vocoders

• Real-time, full-duplex communications via the Ethernet interface to another Net-2000™ VCU unit.

• A built-in web server for easy selection and control of the audio I/O

• The Net-2000™ VCU’s RS-232 serial port can be used as a console terminal to allow low-level

system setup.

• The Net-2000™ VCU can handle information from a DHCP server when available on a Local Area Network (LAN).

• Encode/Decode files across a LAN to and from a PC

• The embedded user interface allows the operation software to be field upgradeable.

• Both voice and channel data can be transmitted over the Ethernet interface at the same time.

Interfaces

To meet a wide variety of communication system requirements the Net-2000™ VCU contains three interfaces for speech input and output and two for channel data. The Net-2000™ VCU’s analog interfaces includes a 4-wire, a handset and a 2-wire for input and output of uncompressed speech. Control of these interfaces are easily managed with the Net-2000™ VCU’s built-in web server.

The Net-2000™ VCU provides a RS-422 interface and 10Base-T Ethernet interface as a channel connection. The RS-422 allows two Net-2000™ VCU to be connected together. By providing both an asynchronous or synchronous connecting the Net-2000™ VCU offers the flexibility of connecting to some other RS-422 device. Using the 10Base-T Ethernet interface the Net-2000™ VCU can also be connected directly to a Local Area Network (LAN). This configuration can be used to create a realtime full duplex Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) Ethernet based vocoder communication system between two Net-2000™ VCUs. Alternatively, the Net-2000™ VCU can Loopback the VOIP information back to itself for voice monitoring and evaluation applications.

When two Net-2000™ communicate, each converts the input analog speech into digital speech samples, encodes the speech using the selected vocoder mode and then sends the compressed bit stream out over Ethernet as UDP packets or RS-422. Simultaneously, the compressed bit stream of UDP packets from the other Net-2000™ are read in from the selected interface and decoded back in

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to digital speech samples. The decoded samples are converted back into analog speech via the AIC10 codec whose output is sent to both the handset and line-level output connections.

Section 1 – Net-2000™ VCU Introduction

Set-up

Initial set-up of the Net-2000™ VCU is fast and straightforward. The Ethernet interface is equipped to handle IP address information from a DHCP server making network installation routine. Alternatively, the RS-232 serial port can be used via telnet as a console terminal to allow low-level network setup.

Net-2000™ modes of operation

The Net-2000™ VCU provides the user with two modes of operation VOIP Mode and File Mode. To provide full duplex real-time communication, the Net-2000™ VCU can channel the compressed bit stream through either the RS-422 or the Ethernet interfaces to another Net-2000™ VCU.

Alternatively, in File mode the Net-2000™ VCU can Encode/Decode files stored on a PC on the LAN for non-real-time testing and evaluation. The Net-2000™ VCU remains in an idle state until it gets a command to start and stop processing (encoding and/or decoding) data that is being sent.

Control

When connected on a LAN — any PC on the network can use a standard web browser to control the Net-2000™ VCU through the use of a PC web browser. The user-friendly web pages built-into the Net-2000™ make it easy to select analog audio interfaces, select the vocoder mode and to establish real-time, full-duplex communication across the Ethernet connection. In addition to the control, the web pages display information about network settings, operating mode and system status. Since the Net-2000™ uses Ethernet, its web page can even be accessed over a wireless network through a wireless notebook or tablet PC.

The Net-2000™ can also be controlled via PC connected to the RS-232 interface. Connecting to the RS-232 interface allows for both low level set-up of the NET-2000™ VCU and for control using ASCII commands. Input and output gain settings for the voice codec can be also specified.

Protocol

The Net-2000™ VCU uses DVSI’s own UDP interface described in Section 4. This allows users to develop their own application controls and user interfaces for an endless array of customized applications.

Before using the Net-2000™ VCU, read through this user’s manual in its entirety, paying careful attention to the safety instructions beginning on page ii.

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Section 2 – Net-2000™ VCU Installation

Net-2000TM VCU Installation

Overview

The Net-2000™ VCU hosts a variety of inputs and outputs that provide flexibility in system integration. The Net-2000™ VCU is designed to be controlled through an Ethernet Interface or an RS-232 serial interface with the communication channel interface using the RS-422 serial port or the Ethernet network. This manual assumes that the user has a working networked PC before the Net2000™ VCU is installed.

Net-2000™ VCU Connections

See Section 5 Specifications for more detailed technical information about each of the connections.

Figure 1 Net-2000™ VCU Rear Panel

Item No. Name Connector Type

1 Serial Port DE9s 2 LAN RJ-45 3 RS-422 Synchronous DB-15HD 4 RS-422 Asynchronous RJ-45 5 2 Wire I/O RJ-11 6 Analog Line In RCA Jack 7 Analog Line Out RCA Jack 8 Handset RJ-11 9 AC Line In Power Cord Receptacle

Table 1 Rear Panel Connectors

In order to install the Net-2000™ VCU connections must be made to a voice audio source and output, channel communications and control. In Target IP Mode, the Net-2000™ VCU can be connected to another Net-2000™ VCU located anywhere on the LAN. This configuration can support a real-time, full-duplex channel over Ethernet connection. This mode can be controlled via the built-in web page.

3 4

7 8

Rear Panel Connections

Connecting AC Power

The Net-2000™ VCU unit will automatically adjust to both European and US AC line voltage levels. There are no user settings. Just plug in the AC power cord provided into the AC receptacle on the back of the unit (See Figure 1 Net-2000™ VCU Rear Panel item 9) and plug the other end into an AC power outlet.

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Section 2 – Net-2000™ VCU Installation

Voice Audio I/O Connections

4-Wire

Connecting the Net-2000™ VCU to analog audio components is fairly self explanatory. A typical connection would be to connect the audio output of an audio component such as a Mic, a Digital Tape, player or even a PC sound card output to the Analog Input jack of the Net-2000™ VCU (audio cables not included). Next connect the Analog Output jack of the Net-2000™ VCU to an amplifier or Audio In jack on a PC sound card.

Handset

If the handset connection is to be used instead of the 4-wire interface, connect the standard telephone handset that was included with the unit to connect to the RJ11 handset connector. This handset has a cord (also included) that is about a foot long (when not stretched) to help reduce noise from being introduced into the voice signal.

2-Wire

The Net-2000™ VCU can be connected to a standard North American POTS line through its 2-wire interface. The 2-wire interface is designed to pick-up the line and be ready to accept analog voice to be encoded and sent across the designated channel. With the wait on ring feature the Net-2000™ VCU will automatically answer the line when it receives a call instead of having to keep the line open all the time.

Channel Communication

Ethernet

The Net-2000™ VCU implements this channel data interface using a special protocol designed by DVSI. This UDP streaming mode allows for full-duplex communication to another Net-2000™ VCU box in real time. To run in this mode the operator selects the voice interface (4-Wire, handset, or 2Wire) and the Ethernet communications channel interface. When running in VOIP Mode the VCU encodes a frame of speech from the specified voice interface and implements a protocol to stream a packet containing a decode command and encoded data to the communications channel interface. At the same time the VCU expects to receive packets from the communications channel interface that contains a decode command and encoded data. The VCU decodes and sends this continuous stream to both the handset and line-out speech outputs.

In File Mode the Net-2000™- P25 VCU responds to incoming voice packets by encoding the voice data in them and transmitting a channel data packet to the sender, and to incoming channel data packets by decoding them and transmitting synthesized voice data packets to the sender. Only one user can access the VCU at a time in File Mode. Transmitting data packets to the VCU from more than one source will produce undesired results.

Connecting the Ethernet Network

Make sure the Ethernet cable is connected to the Ethernet port in the back of the NET-2000™ VCU before applying AC power. Note that if you are going to use a direct Ethernet connection from your PC to the NET-2000™ VCU you should use a crossover cable. If your NET-2000™ VCU is connected to a hub, a straight-through Ethernet cable should be used.

The VCU has a 10 Mbps Ethernet interface for network communication. It can operate on a 100 Mbps LAN when connected to a 10/100 Ethernet hub or router. The default network configuration for the VCU assumes that a DHCP server is available on the LAN to provide it with valid network address information. If a DHCP server is not available on the LAN, static IP address information will need to be entered via the serial port in order to access the VCU over the network.

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RS-422

The Net-2000 VCU also provides a RS-422 interface as a communications channel between two VCU units or some other device. The RS-422 interface follows industry standards of differential I/O can be used as either a Asynchronous or Synchronous connection depending on the communication requirements. Both RS-422 interfaces use the same packet protocols as the Ethernet interface as described in Section 4.

The Synchronous RS-422 connection is available on the HD-15 connector located on rear panel of the Net-2000™ VCU and provides the data clock and 8 bit frames. For pinout detail see Section 5 Table 56 RS-422 Syncronous Serial Port Pin Outs

The Asynchronous RS-422 connection is available on the RJ45 connector located on rear panel of the Net-2000™ VCU and provides the data only in a 8,none, 1 format. . For pinout detail see Section 5 Table 57 RS-422 Asyncronous Serial Port Pin Outs.

Section 2 – Net-2000™ VCU Installation

Synchronous RS-422

Asynchronous RS-422

Figure 2 Connect two Net-2000™ VCU via RS-422

Connecting to RS-232

The RS-232 serial port located on the back of the Net-2000™ VCU unit provides low level set-up functions. The interface itself consists of a simple command/response ASCII text protocol. You can use a terminal or terminal emulator on a personal computer to type commands at a keyboard as your user interface.

To connect the serial interface, to a Terminal or PC plug a straight-through modem cable (see pin outs in Table 55 Serial Port Pin Outs) into the serial port DE-9s connector and plug the other end into your terminal (or one of the serial ports on your PC if you are using an emulator). Set the terminal as shown in Table 2 Serial Port Terminal Set-up.

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Section 2 – Net-2000™ VCU Installation

Ethern et

Ethernet CAT 5 cables

Voice Interface

Figure 3 Connecting two Net-2000™ VCU’s together

Rack Mount installation

When a rack mount kit is purchased with the Net-2000™ VCU the assembly is installed at the factory prior to shipping. If the rack mount, needs to be removed there are three flat head Philips screws on each side that secures the rack mount plate to the Net-2000™ VCU chassis as shown below. To avoid scratching the sides of the Net-2000™ VCU when removing the rack plate push down on the front of the plate so that it slips out from underneath the unit. When re-installing the rack mount slip it up from underneath and push it back to be flush with front face. Use the same six screws to secure the rack mount back on the chassis.

Figure 4 Rack Mount Installation

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Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Net-2000™ VCU Setup & Control

Overview

The Net-2000™ VCU may be set-up from the serial RS-232 interface and controlled through the use of the built-in web server. Both of these interfaces may be used and connected at the same time to provide the flexibility required to integrate to most system configurations.

Connecting to the RS-232 interface allows for low level set-up of the NET-2000™ VCU. When connected on a LAN—any PC on the network can use a standard web browser to configure the unit’s mode of operation, I/O interfaces and selection of vocoder mode. Input and output gain settings for the voice codec can be also specified.

In addition to the control, the web pages also display information about network settings, operating mode and system control. Connecting two Net-2000™ VCU units together can be done by entering the IP address (or hostname) of the other Net-2000™ VCU unit and selecting the desired voice interface.

VCU Front Panel

Digital Voice Systems, Inc.

Figure 5 Net-2000™ VCU Front Panel

Net - 2000

oice odec nit

Power On Switch

The Net-2000™ VCU’s power is turned ON /Off through the switch on the left side of the front panel. Press the top of the switch (I) to turn ON. Press the bottom of the switch (0) to turn OFF. When powering off the unit always wait a few seconds before turning the unit back on.

Initial Set-up – (RS-232 Serial Connection)

The RS-232 interface is used for command line style set-up. It is used when the Net-2000™ VCU is installed on a network where there is no DHCP Server or when the user wants to customize the network configuration.

Serial Port Settings

Bits per second: 9600

Data bits: 8

Parity: None

Stop bits: 1

Flow control: None

Table 2 Serial Port Terminal Set-up

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Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Note:

The Ethernet MAC address and default hostname of the VCU is derived from the serial number of the VCU. The MAC address will begin with 00:01:FD followed by the last six digits of the serial number. The hostname is NET2K followed by the last four digits of the serial number. For example, if the last six digits of the serial number are 301234, the MAC address is 00:01:FD:30:12:34 and the hostname is NET2K1234.

When no DHCP server is available on a LAN the VCU’s RS-232 serial port can be used as a console terminal for low-level network setup. With the serial cable connected and the terminal running type a few carriage returns from the PC’s keyboard. The Net-2000™ VCU will respond with the console prompt as shown below:

adsh>

At the adsh prompt the VCU’s network settings can be configured or changed using the terminal console command “network” as follows:

adsh>network [-dhcp] [-h hostname] [-w workgroup] [-i ipaddress] [-m netmask] [-g gateway] [-n nameserver][-d domainname]

The arguments to the network command are described below:

Arguments Use Result

-dhcp when DHCP is available on LAN DHCP is enabled

-h Sets the hostname of the VCU

-w

anytime

Sets the Windows workgroup of the VCU

-i Sets the static IP address

-m Sets the IP address of the netmask

-g Sets the IP address of the gateway

use only when DHCP is disabled

-n Sets the IP address of the nameserver

-d

Sets the domain name of the VCU.

Table 3 DHCP Set-up command Arguments

The following command example results are shown in the table below

adsh>network –h net2k1234 -w lab -i 192.168.1.100 -m 255.255.255.0 -g

192.168.1.250 -n 192.168.1.1 -d domain.com

Arguments VCU Result Example

DHCP is NOT enabled

-h HOSTNAME net2k1234

-w Windows WORKGROUP lab

-i STATIC IP address 192.168.1.100

-m NETMASK IP address 255.255.255.0

-g GATEWAY IP address 192.168.1.250

-n NAMESERVER IP address 192.168.1.1

-d VCU DOMAIN NAME domain.com

Table 4 DHCP Setup Example

NOTE: Do not mix the -dhcp argument with the -i -m –d -g -n arguments.

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Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Use the -i -m -g -n and -d options to set up a static IP address. The argument following the -i -m -g and -n options should in the form of a dotted IP address (e.g. “192.168.0.1”). If a DHCP server becomes available at a later time, it can be enabled by issuing the network command with the -dhcp option.

After setting or changing the network settings, the VCU should be rebooted by typing “shutdown” at the console terminal adsh> prompt.

adsh>shutdown

Serial Interface Commands

The serial port located on the back of the Net-2000™ VCU unit provides the same control functions as the web interface. The interface itself consists of a simple command/response ASCII text protocol. To access the interface use a terminal or terminal emulator on a personal computer to type in commands.

All commands are ASCII character strings terminated by a newline character (ASCII 0x0A). The maximum size allowed for a command is 512 characters. Commands are case-sensitive. Command arguments are separated by white space. With the serial cable connected and the terminal running type a few carriage returns at the keyboard. The Net-2000™ VCU responds with the console prompt as shown below:

adsh>

Commands to the Net-2000™ VCU can be issued after receiving the prompt. Each time a command is issued to the Net-2000™ VCU it will respond with a string indicating the command was accepted as “OK” or an error message. After another prompt is ready to receive a new command. Any newline-terminated string reported by the Net-2000™ VCU between the time a command is issued and a new command prompt is received indicates an error was encountered executing the command.

Commands consist of a command word, zero or more arguments, and a newline (which marks the end of the command). Commands for the serial port interface are listed in the following subsections.

When issuing commands at the "adsh>" prompt the net2k will respond with "<cmd> OK" (where <cmd> is the command issued) or an error message if the command fails.

VOIP mode command

The VOIP commands start the Net-2000™ VCU to VOIP mode.

adsh> dut voip <args>

where args are

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Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

arg format

-v [h,l,2,2r]

-c [e,a,s]

-o [gain]

-p [port]

-d [config]

arg name arg values

voice source h=handset, l=4-wire, 2=2-wire, 2r=2-wire wait on ring channel source codec output gain

e=ethernet, a=RS-422 Asynchronous, s= RS-422 Synchronous

0,-3,-6 dB

port number for channel source == Ethernet

configuration data

for vad, tone detector, noise suppressor, and echo canceller

(in order) to turn a configuration on use '1' to turn it off use '0' For example: "-d 1 0 0 1" turns vad ON, tone detector OFF, noise suppressor OFF, echo canceller ON

Note: Not all coders support all configuration!

-r [vocoder]

vocoder type and rate

vocoder type is one of "AMBE+2", "AMBE2000", "ULAW", or "ALAW" If the vocoder is multi-rate, pass in ",<rate_index>" to specify the rate

For example:

"-r AMBE2000,4" specifies the AMBE/AMBE+ vocoder with rate index 4

[ip_addr]

the IP address to send data to

required only if the channel interface is Ethernet

VOIP Mode Command Example

adsh> dut voip -v l -c e -r AMBE2000,18 192.168.4.173

In this example the Net-2000™ VCU starts VOIP Mode using the 4-wire interface for voice and Ethernet for the channel using AMBE/AMBE+ rate 18. It communicates with the device at ethernet address

192.168.4.173 with the default UDP port (4000).

FILE mode command:

The File mode command set the Net-2000™ VCU towork in file mode.

adsh> dut file <args>

where args are

arg format

-p [port]

-d [config]

For example, "-d 1 0 0 1" turns vad ON, tone detector OFF, noise suppressor OFF, echo canceller ON

Note: Not all coders support all configuration!

-r [vocoder]

arg name arg values

port number only for channel source == ethernet configuration data

for vad, tone detector, noise suppressor, and echo canceller

(in order) to turn a configuration on use '1' to turn it off use '0'

vocoder type ONLY (no need to specify rate index)

vocoder

vocoder type is one of "AMBE+2", "AMBE2000", "ULAW", or

"ALAW"

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NOTE: FILE mode implies that both the voice and channel interfaces are Ethernet. Since the rate information is always in the packet, there is no need to specify the rate index for multi-rate vocoders.

Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Stop Command

The Stop command works for either mode and sets the Net-2000™ VCU to IDLE

adsh> dut stop

Change Vocoder Configuration:

adsh> dut config [config]

[config] are the same 1 or 0 values used in the "-d [config]" arg for voip or file mode

Send Tones Command

adsh> dut tone [-te or-td] [tone_args]

where args are

"-te" or "-td".

[tone_args]

[enc_or_dec]

an ascii string of digits and the upper-case letters [A-F]

Either "-te" or "-td". "-te" means override the speech input and have the encoder send the tones in-band to the other net2k "-td" means override the input channel data and have the decoder generate the tones locally.

representing the DTMF tone to generate

Stop Command

To use the stop command at the adsh> prompt type

dut stop

The Net-2000™ VCU responds with Stop OK and packets information

Net-2000™ Web Control Interface

Status Page

The Net-2000™ VCU can be controlled remotely by accessing the unit’s built-in web server using a PC’s web browser as the graphical user interface. To connect to the Net-2000™ VCU web server home page, first open up the web browser software on a PC and type the IP address (or hostname if the LAN has a name server) of the VCU you want to control in the URL address bar. The VCU web server will respond with the VCU Status Page as shown in Figure 6 Net-2000™ VCU Status Page.

The Net-2000™ VCU’s built-in web server provides I/O configuration, system control, information about the operational mode and network settings.

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Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Figure 6 Net-2000™ VCU Status Page

(default values shown)

The Status page is designed to give the operator a operator a quick view summary of all the settings and parameters of the Net-2000™ VCU. The page shows the current status of the Net-2000™ VCU, information on what the unit is Encoding (sending), Decoding (receiving) and a navigation menu for switching to pages to change system settings. The table on the left sife of the page gives the operator view of all the set parameters for the transmission of the encoded speech (i.e. Voice Source, vocoder mode/rate as well as Decoder Rate and output gain). The table on the right provides information from the communications channel and configuration of the vocoder. . The operator can control the running of the unit using the Start / Stop button at the bottom of the page.

Navigation Menu

Located across the top under the logo header the navigation menu provides the link to the six pages used for setup and control of the Net-2000™ VCU. This menu is visible and assessable from any of the pages. The menu item is highlighted when the page is displayed.

Figure 7 Navigation Menu

Status

Provides an overall view of what the current status is on the unit and allows start and stop of process.

VOIP Mode

Provides selection of I/O and vocoder. Also allows start and stop of process.

File Mode

Put the Net-2000™ VCU into a ready mode to accept files via Ethernet from a PC. Also allows start and stop of process.

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Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

DTMF

Open DTMF selection pop up window and the home page to view current setting and system condition.

Network Settings

The network settings and the output and input gains setting selections.

Version

Displays the current software firmware version

System Status

Located just under the navigation menu is the status indication. The status screen displays the current running condition of the NET-2000™ VCU.

Status: Net-2000™ is IDLE

Figure 8 Status Indication

Net-2000™ is Idle

The Net-2000™ VCU is idle when the unit is stopped. In this condition the unit is will be ready to process data through the encoder or decoder when the START button is selected.

VOIP Mode

When the start button is selected the unit is put into VOIP mode indicating that the Net-2000™ VCU is in Target IP address communications mode and sending data over the Ethernet interface. VOIP mode is also displayed when Loopback communications mode is selected because the Net-2000™ VCU sends data over the internal loopback Ethernet address of 127.0.0.1

File I/O Mode

In File mode the Net-2000™ VCU is available for communication with PC on the LAN to sending data over the Ethernet interface. To set the Net-2000™ VCU to be in file I/O mode select File Mode from the list on the left side of the Net-2000™ VCU home page. Once selected select the start button and the Net-2000™ VCU status will be displayed as shown in Figure 8 Status Indication. The Ethernet address of the target is set to 0.0.0.0 to indicate that it should be ignored and the voice source is displayed as “Ethernet”.

Start / Stop Button

Upon power up the Net-2000™ VCU loads the default settings and the unit is idle. Click the Start button to begin running the VCU with the default settings. Click the Stop button to put the Net-2000™ VCU back into the idle mode. Changes to the settings can be made while the unit is active. However, the new settings will not take affect until the Start button is clicked.

Note: The “Start” button will automatically stop and restart the Net-2000™ VCU. It is not necessary to click on the “Stop” button and then click the Start button to restart the Net-2000™ VCU with a new setting.

Figure 9 Start / Stop Button

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Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

A similar start / stop button is located in the VOIP Mode page. This gives the operator the opportunity to make vocoder settings changes and activate them without having to switch back to the Status Page.

Net-2000™ VCU VOIP Mode Settings

Figure 10 Net-2000™ VOIP Settings

Vocoder Type and Rate Selection

Vocoder Type and rate/FEC selection is done from the VOIP Mode window. To set the Net-2000™ VCU vocoder, first select the vocoder mode (AMBE™ / AMBE+™ or AMBE+2™), then select the Rate / FEC using the Bit Rate drop down menu. The default vocoder is set to AMBE+2™ @ 4000 bps with 0 bps FEC.

AMBE™ / AMBE+ Vocoder

The AMBE™ mode is compatible with DVSI’s AMBE-1000™, AMBE-2000™ and AMBE-2020™ Vocoder Chips. DVSI’s proprietary AMBE® Voice Compression Technology delivers excellent voice quality even at low data rates. Proven to be a superior alternative to linear predictive model vocoders, the AMBE

Voice Compression Technology has been chosen as the standard for several major satellite and mobile radio communications systems. The Net-2000™ VCU supports AMBE® Vocoder bit rates from 2000 to 9600 bps. The rates available are the combination of the speech data and the Forward Error Correction (FEC).

Independent test results have shows DVSI’s AMBE+™ Vocoder running at 4.8 kbps and 4.0 kbps outperforms both the ITU G.726A vocoder at 32 kbps and the ITU G.729 vocoder at 8 kbps. This voice coder builds upon the strengths of DVSI’s previous IMBE™ and AMBE® Technology to provide toll quality speech with unsurpassed robustness to both acoustic noise and channel errors. The AMBE+™ Vocoder provides a 2-8 times reduction in bit rate while delivering toll-quality performance with maximizing bandwidth efficiency

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AMBE / AMBE+ Data Rates

2000 Total bps

AMBE 2000 FEC 0

2400 Total bps

AMBE 2400 FEC 0 AMBE 2350 FEC 50

3600 Total bps

AMBE 3600 FEC 0 AMBE+ @ 3600 FEC 0 AMBE 3350 FEC 250

4000 Total bps

AMBE 4000 FEC 0 AMBE+ @ 4000 FEC 0 AMBE 3750 FEC 250 AMBE 2400 FEC 1600

4800 Total bps

AMBE 4800 FEC 0 AMBE 4550 FEC 250 AMBE 4000 FEC 800 AMBE 3600 FEC 1200 AMBE 3100 FEC 1700 AMBE+ @ 4800 FEC 0 AMBE+ @ 3600 FEC 1200 AMBE 2400 FEC 2400

6400 Total bps

AMBE 6400 FEC 0 AMBE 4150 FEC 2250 AMBE 4000 FEC 2400

7200 Total bps

AMBE 4400 FEC 2800 AMBE+ @ 4400 FEC 2800

8000 Total bps

AMBE 8000 FEC 0 AMBE 7750 FEC 250 AMBE 4650 FEC 3350 AMBE 4000 FEC 4000

9600 Total bps

AMBE 9600 FEC 0 AMBE 4850 FEC 4750 AMBE 3600 FEC 6000 AMBE+ @ 9600 FEC 0

AMBE 2400 FEC 7200

Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

and FEC Values

Table 5 AMBE / AMBE+ Data and FEC Rates

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Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

AMBE+2™ Vocoder

The AMBE+2 incorporates the AMBE+2 DVSI’s previously industry-leading AMBE+

Vocoder is DVSI’s newest low data rate vocoder technology. The Net-2000™ VCU

Vocoder at 4.0 kbps with no FEC. It has been shown to outperform

Vocoder and AMBETM vocoder technologies. It is designed to be particularly robust and perform exceptionally well even under bit errors and acoustic background noise conditions.

AMBE+2 Data Rates and FEC Values

3000 Total bps

AMBE+2 @ 3000 + 0 FEC

3600 Total bps

AMBE+2 @ 3600 + 0 FEC

4000 Total bps

AMBE+2 @ 4000 + 0 FEC AMBE+2 @ 2400 + 1600 FEC

4800 Total bps

AMBE+2 @ 4800 + 0 FEC AMBE+2 @ 4000 + 800 FEC AMBE+2 @ 3600 + 1200 FEC AMBE+2 @ 2400 + 2400 FEC

6400 Total bps

AMBE+2 @ 6400 + 0 FEC AMBE+2 @ 4000 + 2400 FEC

7200 Total bps

AMBE+2 @ 4400 + 2800 FEC

8000 Total bps

AMBE+2 @ 8000 + 0 FEC AMBE+2 @ 4000 + 4000 FEC

9600 Total bps

AMBE+2 @ 9600 + 0 FEC AMBE+2 @ 3600 + 6000 FEC AMBE+2 @ 2400 + 7200 FEC

Table 6 AMBE+2 Data Rate

Forward Error Correction (FEC)

As part of the AMBE™ and AMBE+™ vocoder modes the Net-2000™ VCU offers built in FEC. These two vocoder modes offer a variety of FEC rates ranging from 50bps to 7200bps. High FEC rates enable the vocoder to maintain acceptable speech quality even at BER rates as high as 5%. This is a feature that is ideal for mobile communication applications that experience degraded channel conditions and/or significant bit errors.

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Voice Source

The Voice Source menu provides the user the choice to select which input source will be used on the Net-2000™ VCU. The default source is set to Handset. Only one source may be selected at a time. After switching from one voice source to another it is necessary to select the start button in order to initiate the change.

Handset 4-Wire 2-Wire

Figure 11 Voice Source

Handset

When the Handset voice source interface is selected, the Net-2000™ VCU expects the analog voice signal input and output on the RJ11 jack (Item 8 in Table 1 Rear Panel Connectors). The output will also be on the output RCA jack (Item 6 Table 1 Rear Panel Connectors). The Net-2000™ VCU outputs the audio to both the 4-Wire and Handset output regardless of which voice source is selected.

4-Wire

When the 4-Wire voice source interface is selected, the Net-2000™ VCU expects the analog voice signal input on the RCA jack (Item 7 in Table 1 Rear Panel Connectors). The unit outputs the analog signal on the output RCA jack (Item 6 Table 1 Rear Panel Connectors). The Net-2000™ VCU outputs the audio to both the 4-Wire and Handset output regardless of which voice source is selected.

2-Wire

Before selecting the 2-Wire voice source the Net-2000™ VCU expects to be connected to a North American POTS line. A industry standard telephone cord can be used to connect the wall jack to the RJ11 jack (Item 5 in Table 1 Rear Panel Connectors). When the 2-Wire voice source interface is selected, the Net-2000™ VCU automatically “picks-up” (opens) the line. When the voice source set to 2-wire the incoming analog signal from the POTS line will be encoded and then output to the selected channel interface (RS-422 or Ethernet). If the Ethernet loopback channel is selected then the encoded speech will be decoded and sent out through the POTS line. The Net-2000™ VCU 4Wire and Handset outputs are not active. The POTS line can be hung-up (released) by selecting the Stop VOIP button.

Output Gain

The output gain setting for the voice codec can be set by the user, however, the default values should be sufficient for most applications. The Output gain can be set to -3dB or -6 dB.

Channel Source Selection

The Net-2000 can be configures to encode / decode speech from one of three communications channel sources. The default channel is Ethernet loopback. Only one communication mode may be selected at a time. After switching from one communications mode to another it is necessary to select the start button in order to initiate the change.

Ethernet Loopback Ethernet RS-422 Asynchronous

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RS-422 Synchronous

Figure 12 Channel Source Selections

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Ethernet Loopback (Local)

In loopback communications mode the Net-2000™ VCU will encode speech received on the selected voice source input (Handset 4-Wire or 2-Wire) and play out the encoded/decoded speech on the handset and Line-Out interface. This channel selection is useful when encoding / decoding recorded voice samples as a quick analysis of the selected vocoder.

When Loopback communications mode is selected the Net-2000™ VCU sends data over the internal loopback Ethernet address of 127.0.0.1 Loopback can also be accessed by entering in the IP or host name of the Net-2000™ VCU in the Target IP address box.

Ethernet Channel Source Interfaces

Selecting Ethernet as the Channel source allows the Net-2000™ VCU to communicate to another device across an Ethernet network.

When running in VOIP Mode the VCU encodes a frame of speech from the specified voice interface and sends the encoded data over the Ethernet channel interface to the target IP address. At the same time the VCU expects to receive packets from the Ethernet communications channel interface that contains a decode command and encoded data.

RS-422 Asynchronous and RS-422 Synchronous Interfaces

When either of the RS-422 interfaces are selected the Net-2000™ VCU encodes speech received on the selected voice source input (Handset 4-Wire or 2-Wire) sends out the encoded speech data over the selected RS-422 interface. This channel selection is useful when encoding / decoding voice between two Net-2000™ VCU that are not located far apart. Two Net-2000™ VCU units can be easily connected together using the Asynchronous connection and a crossover CAT5 cable. See Section 5 for connector pinout details.

In VOIP mode the Net-2000™ VCU also transmits packets over the asynchronous RS-422 interface when the Ethernet interface is the channel source. This is a useful method to monitor the Net-2000™ VCU channel data.

NOTE: DO NOT attempt to connect or use the RS-422 Asynchronous and RS-422 Synchronous ports at the same time.

Target IP Address

The Net-2000™ VCU can communication with another NET-2000™. To communicate (encode and decode to / from) to another Net-2000™ VCU via Ethernet first select Ethernet as the Channel source. Next enter the IP address or host name of the remote unit you are connecting to, in the Target IP address box located under the Channel source pull down menu.

Port Number

The network settings page allows the operator to change the network port number for the communication channel. The default port number is Port 4000. If a different port number is required enter in the desired port number and select the configure button. Valid port numbers are greater than 1024 and less than 65535. Port numbers 4001, 4002 and 4003 are reserved by the Net-2000™ VCU and must not be used.

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Reset to Defaults Button

A Reset to defaults button is provided to set the I/O and vocoder conditions to the factory default state. Selecting this reset buttons set the Vocoder Setting Page to the settings that a set on start-up. The Default vocoder values are as follows:

Home Page Defaults

Item Value

Voice Source Handset Vocoder Mode AMBE+ Voice Rate 4000 bps Target IP 127.0.0.1 FEC 0 bps CNI Off VAD Off Echo Off Data Source Loop-Back

Table 7 Default Values

NOTE: At power-up the VCU automatically starts up with the default settings. You do not

need to use the web interface unless you want to change these settings.

Vocoder Mode Configuration

Figure 13 Vocoder Options

To fine tune the capability of any of the three vocoder modes the NET-2000™ VCU provides VAD, CNI and Echo cancellation options. To select any of these extended features use the home page navigation menu to go to the Vocoder Page and click on the desired vocoder option.

Voice Activation Detection (VAD)

The Voice Activation Detection (VAD) algorithm along with the Comfort Noise Insertion (CNI) feature of the NET-2000™ VCU is a useful function for systems trying to save in system bandwidth or to reduce transmit power during times of conversational silence.

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With the VAD functions enabled, periods of speech silence will be recognized by the encoder. Instead of compressing the silence as speech the encoder outputs a silence frame (in-band). This silence frame contains information regarding the level of background noise, which allows the corresponding decoder to synthesize a “Comfort Noise” signal at the other end. The comfort noise is intended to give the listener the feeling that the call is still connected, as opposed to producing absolute silence, which can give the impression that, the call has been “dropped”.

Enabling VAD also enables Discontinuous Transmission (DTX). DTX packets are simulated in the Net-2000™ VCU protocol by setting all the channel data bytes in the channel packet to 1. This represent packets that would not need to be transmitted to the decoder in a real system.

The silence threshold value is -25 dBm0 in the VAD algorithm. Each frame that exceeds this level will be classified as voice. If the frame level is less than -25 dBm0 the voice/silence decision will be determined based upon various adaptive thresholds.

Tone Detector

The Tone detector is always enabled when AMBE/AMBE+ is selected as the vocoder type. It can be turned on or off when AMBE+2 is selected as the vocoder type. When either a-Law or U-law is selected the tone detector is inactive. When the Tone detector in enabled the Net-2000™ VCU is able to send and receive North American DTMF tones.

Noise Suppressor

The Noise suppressor feature of the Net-2000™ VCU provides clear voice in environments with background noise. This feature work only when AMBE+2 is selected as the vocoder type. To enable the feature select the check box in the Configuration table on the VOIP page. The noise suppressor can be switched off by unchecking the check-box. When the noise suppressor is started it may take up to a few seconds to converge allowing for it do begin fully working.

Echo Canceller (Echo)

The AMBE™ software on the NET-2000™ VCU employs an adaptive echo cancellation algorithm to cancel echoes of the decoder output present at the encoder input. This provides a 16-millisecond echo canceller that is suitable for canceling the linear portion of the local echo caused by a 2-to-4 wire hybrid and can achieve echo cancellation of approximately 30dB or more. The Echo canceller is only really useful when connected via the 2-wire interface.

2-Wire Wait on Ring

The 2-Wire wait on ring feature allows the Net-2000™ VCU to be ready to answer an incoming call from a standard POTS line. When selected the Net-2000™ VCU will not automatically open the POTS line when the 2-Wire voice source is selected. This provides the benefit of freeing up the phone line when the Net-2000™ VCU is not active.

DTMF Selection Page

The NET-2000™ VCU is capable of detecting, transmitting, and synthesizing DTMF tones. DTMF features are only enabled in VOIP Mode with vocoders that support DTMF Tones. Selecting the DTMF from the main navigation menu brings the operator to the Status page and opens the DTMF pop-up window (see Figure 14 DTMF Key Pad).

The DTMF pop-up window allows the operator to send DTMF tones across the channel. The operator can enter the tones by selecting the digits in the pop-up window or by selecting the DTMF digit window and entering the numbers using the keyboard. The operator can select how the tone should be generated and then can select send to send the information the Net-2000™ VCU.

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The frequencies for the DTMF tones are shown in Table 8 DTMF Data

Digit

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 A B C D

DTMF

Frequency 1 (Hz)

Frequency 2 (Hz)

1336 941 1209 697 1336 697 1477 697 1209 770 1336 770 1477 770 1209 852 1336 852 1477 852 1633 697 1633 770 1633 852 1633 941 1209 941 1477 941

Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

DTMF

Table 8 DTMF Data

*Note: Dial, ring, and busy tones are standard North American call progress tones.

Figure 14 DTMF Key Pad

Send Button

The Send button send the digits entered in the DTMF digit window out to the select device (encoder or decoder)

Clear Button

The Clear button allows the operator to delete all the digits entered in the DTMF digit window.

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BK SP Button

The BK SP button allows the operator to delete the last digit entry from the DTMF digit window.

Encoder Radio Button

When the Send button is selected and the Encoder radio button is active then the digits in the DTMF window are sent from the encoder across the channel. A the other side of the channel the information is decoded. The encoder and decoder radio button can not be active at the same time. The encoder passes the DTMF data in-band (within the regular voice data bits) so that normal DTMF tones pass seamlessly from the encoder to the decoder. The decoder synthesizes a DTMF tone in response to reception of an in-band DTMF tone data in the frame.

Decoder Radio Button

When the send button is selected and the Decoder radio button is active then the Net-2000™ VCU sends tone directly to the local decoder to output the digits as entered in the DTMF digit window. The decoder and encoder radio button can not be active at the same time.

Selecting the Close button closes the DTMF pop-up window.

File Mode Page

Selecting the File Page from the navigation menu brings up the file mode page. This page shows decoding information about a file the Net-2000™ VCU may be processing as well as what IP address it is originating from.

Figure 15 File Page Window

File Mode Status

The status of file mode is displayed at the top of the page. This informs the operator of the state of the Net-2000™ VCU. In Idle mode the Net-2000™ VCU is stopped and not processing anything. In File mode the unit is ready and waiting for a file to process.

Status Net-2000™ is ACTIVE in FILE Mode

Figure 16 File Mode status

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Processing Files With the Net-2000™ VCU Software

Note: There is PC source code provided on the included CD that interfaces to the Net-2000™ VCU in VOIP Mode for the Ethernet, the Asynchronous RS-422 interface and in FILE Mode. The READMEs on the disc describe how to build and run the PC software examples.

The PC program allows users to encode speech to a file and decode channel data from a file. The file mode works in conjunction with software provided by DVSI that runs on a PC. To work in file mode you first have to load the PC software onto a PC connected to an Ethernet network that has access to the Net-2000™ VCU. Set the Net-2000™ VCU to file mode and the unit is now ready to accept packets from the PC using the PC program.

The PC program can run in Windows command prompt (DOS) window. It is comprised of commands that contain the name of the file to be run and the address of the Net-2000™ VCU that will process it. the Net-2000™ VCU can process one file at a time. Customized PC software can be written using the Protocol information that is described in section 4.

PC-executable Program

The PC executable program is included with the Net-2000™ VCU. To install the PC software create a directory called Net2000 and copy the contents of the floppy disk to it. To run the PC program, open up a command prompt window, change to the Net2000 directory and run the PCFIO.exe file. This command line program accepts the following arguments for file processing:

e name of file to be encoded d name of file to be decoded p number of the port you want to make the connection to (number must be between XX an XX) r rate the file is to be encoded to f name of the file to be created from the input data

The file will be processed and save to the same directory that the PC executable software is located.

FILE Mode Settings

Vocoder Type

The vocoder type selection sets the Net-2000™ VCU to be ready to accept packets containing the appropriate data that corresponds to the selected vocoder type. When in FILE Mode if a packet of data is sent to the Net-2000™ VCU that is for a different vocoder than is set in the FILE Mode Page then the Net-2000™ VCU will see the data as invalid and return silence.

Port Number

Start / Stop File Mode

The start file mode button is used to put the Net-2000™ VCU is an mode where it is available to be used for encoding or decoding by a PC on the Ethernet network. In this mode the Net-2000™ VCU is waiting for data on the Ethernet interface. The Net-2000™ VCU will remain in file mode until the Stop file mode button is selected.

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The File mode Start / Stop button is the only method for taking the Net-2000™ VCU out of file mode. When the File Mode Stop button is selected the Net-2000™ VCU is put in an idle mode waiting for a command.

Figure 17 File Mode Start / Stop Buttons

Configuration

The Configuration selections are identical to selecting the Configuration setting on the VOIP Mode Page. See Vocoder Mode Configuration.

Network Settings Page

Selecting the System Settings from the navigation menu will display a window with the current network information of the Net-2000™ VCU. The user can set the Net-2000™ VCU to either obtain the network settings automatically from a DHCP server (if available) or the user can manually enter the required settings.

Figure 18 Net-2000™ VCU Network Settings Window

Obtain IP Automatically Radio Button

When selected the Net-2000™ VCU will get its network settings from the DHCP server on the LAN.

Specify IP Address Radio Button

When selected the Net-2000™ VCU allows the operator to manually set the network settings. After the settings have been entered the APPLY Button must be selected in order for the Net-2000™ VCU to be reset with the new network settings.

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Reset To Defaults Button

The Network Settings “Reset to Default” button resets the Net-2000™ VCU network setting value to obtain IP setting from a DHCP server.

Apply Button

The Apply button applies the any new setting that are entered in the network settings screen. When selected the Net-2000™ VCU automatically stops and reboots to implement the new settings that were entered.

Version Identification

Selecting the Version Page will display a window with the current software version of the Net-2000™ VCU. There are no user definable settings on this page.

Figure 19 Software Version Information Window

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Interface Protocol

Introduction

The VCU implements a channel data interface using a special protocol designed by DVSI. The Net2000™ VCU packet is described from the point-of view of the Net-2000™ VCU. Although the data packet structure is described in some detail here, the reader should also refer to the listing of files in the C-language header file section for data structure layout, data values, etc.

Serial Port Protocol

The RS-422 interface protocol is exactly the same as the Ethernet protocol interface but, with an extra 16-bit sync word so that sync up can done in the middle of a transmission.

Ethernet Protocol

The Net-2000™ VCU uses port 4000 for communication of channel and voice data across the Ethernet interface.:

Port 4000 -- the Net-2000™ VCU sends channel/voice data over this port when the channel/voice interface is Ethernet. It also uses this port for vocoder commands. The default port number is 4000, but a different port number can be assigned by using the web interface control and selecting the Net2000™ VCU settings button.

Note: Port numbers 4001, 4002 and 4003 are reserved by the Net-2000™ VCU and must not be used. Valid port numbers are greater than 1024 and less than 65535.

Protocol Packet Description

The Ethernet protocol of the Net-2000™ VCU’s uses port 4000. Byte order for all 16-bit data types (“short” in the C-language data structure) is network order (big endian), so bytes with lower indexes are the most significant. Since PC’s are little endian machines it is necessary to byte-swap when using this protocol with a PC.

There are four packets defined for the VCU protocol: a Channel packet, a Voice packet, a Reset packet, an Ack packet and a Nack packet. Channel packets contain channel data that are output by the encoder (coded speech) and are inputs to the decoder to synthesize speech. Voice packets contain voice data that are inputs to the encoder to compress into channel data and outputs of the decoder. The Reset packet is used to re-initialize the encoder and decoder state data structures so that repeatable results can be generated for a given input. Ack packets are sent in response to Reset packets. Nack packets are sent in response to anything else.

When the VCU is in VOIP Mode it exchanges Channel packets with another VCU in real time to provide a full duplex communication channel. The decoder in the VCU synthesizes the channel data into speech and sends it out the handset and 4-wire voice interfaces. Only Channel packets are transmitted in VOIP mode. Voice, Reset, and Acknowledge packets are not used.

When the VCU is in File Mode is monitors port 4000 (or a different port if one has been selected using the web interface) for incoming packets. If a Reset packet is received the VCU resets the encoder and/or decoder as specified in the packet and responds to the packet sender with an ACK packet. If an Voice packet is received the VCU encodes the data in the packet and responds to the sender with a Channel packet containing the encoded data. If a Channel packet is received the VCU decodes the packet and responds to the sender with an Voice packet containing the synthesized speech. In File Mode it is possible to produce bit-exact, repeatable results for vocoder quality testing.

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PC source code is provided on the CD included with the VCU that implements the protocol and can be used with the VCU in File Mode to encode and decode speech.

Packet Header

Each packet in the protocol starts with a six-byte header containing a 16-bit integer indicating the overall length of the packet in bytes, a 16-bit integer indicating the type of the packet, and a 16-bit sequence number. The six-byte packet header for all data packets is shown in Table 2. An “x” is used in all the tables in this description to indicate that a bit can take a value of 0 or 1.

Packet Header

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 – 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x x len

2 – 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x x type

Header

4 – 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

Table 9 Channel Packet Header

Bits

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bits

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

Bytes 0 and 1 hold the 16-bit length of the packet (see Table 10 len header parameter). Maximum packet length is 514 bytes. Bytes 2 and 3 hold the 16-bit packet type (see Table 11 type ). Bytes 4 and 5 hold the 16-bit sequence number parameter (see Table 12 seq header parameter) The sequence number of a response to a command packet is the command packet sequence number plus one. The sequence number is used as a method to detect that no data packets are dropped, so it is important to ensure that consecutive sequence numbers are transmitted for voice and channel data packets during operation.

len = Length (in bytes) of total packet (including header)

Byte 0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 1

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Minimum Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 6 bytes

Maximum Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 514 bytes

Table 10 len header parameter

type = Packet type

Command Packets

Byte 2

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 3

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encode 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 Decode 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3

Response Packets

Byte 2

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 3

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

ACK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NACK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Voice 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 Channel 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3

Table 11 type Header Parameter

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seq = Sequence number*

Byte 4

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 5

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Minimum Value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -32768

Reset Start Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maximum Value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 32767

Table 12 seq header parameter

*Note: Sequence numbers should be incremented by one every time a packet is transmitted. When the sequence number reaches 32767, the next valid sequence number is -32768.

Channel Packet

Channel packets contain the channel data for one frame of voice with the control flags and data needed to run the decoder. They are also transmitted in response to Voice packets when the VCU is in File Mode.

Channel Packet (218 bytes)

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 - 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 len

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

2 - 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 type

Header

4 - 5 X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 - 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 x rate [0]

8 - 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [1] 10 - 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [2] 12 - 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [3] 14 - 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [4] 16 - 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [5] 18 - 19 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cmode 20 - 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x tone.idx 22 - 23 X 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x tone.amp 24 - 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x ws 26 - 27 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x format 28 - 29 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [0-1] 30 - 31 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [2-3] 32 - 33 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [4-5]

… … … …

218 - 219 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [191-192]

Table 13 Channel Packet

Channel packets are always 218 bytes and have the following format described Table 6 and Clanguage data structure below:

struct channel_packet_t {

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short len; short type; short seq;

short rate[5]; short cmode; short tone[2]; short ws; short format;

char channel[192]; };

Note that each bit of channel data occupies one byte of the channel[] buffer in the packet. The remaining bytes in the channel[] buffer are ignored. The elements of the Decode packet are described in detail in the following sections.

Channel Packet Parameters

Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Channel Packet Bytes 0 and 1 (len)

The len parameter (bytes 0 and 1) hold the 16-bit length of the packet (Table 3). The packet length is always 218 bytes.

len = Length (in bytes) of total packet (including header)

Byte 0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 1

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Data Packet Size 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 220 bytes

Table 14 Channel Packect len header parameter

Channel Packet Bytes 2 and 3 (type)

The type parameter (bytes 2 and 3) is 16-bits packet type and is always 0x003 for channel data.

type = Packet type

Byte 2

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 3

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Channel Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0x0003

Table 15 type header parameter

Channel Packet Bytes 4 and 5 (seq)

Bytes 4 and 5 hold the 16-bit sequence number (see Table 5). The sequence number is used as a method to detect if and when data packets are dropped, so it is important to ensure that consecutive sequence numbers are transmitted for channel data packets during operation.

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seq = Sequence number*

Byte 4

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 5

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Minimum Value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -32768

Maximum Value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 32767

Table 16 seq header parameter

Note: Sequence numbers should be incremented by one every time a packet is

transmitted. When the sequence number reaches 32767, the next valid sequence number is -32768.

Channel Packet Bytes 6 to 17 (rate[6])

There are six rate information words and four parameter words that are common to the Encoder Command Packet, Decoder Command Packet, Voice Response Packet and the Channel Response Packet. These are shown in Table 17.

rate [5] vocoder rate

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

Parameter Name

… … … … 6 - 7 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x rate [0] 8 - 9 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x rate [1]

10 - 11 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x rate [2] 12 - 13 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x rate [3] 14 - 15 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x rate [4] 16 - 17 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x rate [5]

… … … …

Table 17 Rate Channel Parameter

The six Rate words contain information of the vocoder and data/FEC rate details. The bottom 8 bits of the rate [0] word contains the vocoder type. The rate [1-4] words will contain specific information on the voice compression rate and FEC used. This information will vary for the different types of vocoders.

Rate information can be decoded as follows:

the bottom 8 bits of rate[0] contains the source rate in bits-per-frame, 1 frame=20 ms. the bottom 8 bits of rate[5] contains the total rate in bits-per frame the top 8 bits of rate[5] specifies the vocoder type:

0xc0 : ambe/ambe+ (i.e. ambe2000) 0xc1 : ambe+2 0xc5 : mu-law 0xc6 : A-law

All others are reserved.

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Total Rate (bps)

Speech

Rate

(bps)

FEC Rate

(bps)

rate_[0] rate_[1] rate_[2] rate_[3] rate_ [4] rate_ [5] Index

2000 2000 0 0x0028 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x6428 0xc028 31

2400

2400 0 0x9030 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x4330 0xc030 0 2350 50 0x902f 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x6930 0xc030 5

3000 3000 0 0x043c 0x0986 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0xc13c 63

3600 0 0x9348 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x6f48 0xc048 1

3600

3350 250 0x9243 0x0080 0x0000 0x0000 0x5348 0xc048 11 3600 0 0x5048 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x3948 0xc048 16 3600 0 0x0448 0x0986 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0xc148 48

4000 0 0xab50 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x3950 0xc050 15 3750 250 0x934b 0x0080 0x0000 0x0000 0x3950 0xc050 14

4000

4000 0 0x5250 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x4150 0xc050 17 2400 1600 0x1030 0x0001 0x0000 0x341a 0x6750 0xc050 22 4000 0 0x0450 0x0986 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0xc150 49 2400 1600 0x0430 0x0986 0x0001 0x0000 0x341a 0xc150 54

4800 0 0xab60 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x7960 0xc060 3 4550 250 0xab5b 0x0080 0x0000 0x0000 0x6860 0xc060 7 3600 1200 0x9348 0x2030 0x0000 0x0000 0x7060 0xc060 2 3100 1700 0x923e 0x2800 0x0000 0x0000 0x7460 0xc060 8 4800 0 0x5360 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x6c60 0xc060 18

4800

4000 800 0x5250 0x2010 0x0000 0x0000 0x7460 0xc060 24 3600 1200 0x5048 0x0001 0x0000 0x2412 0x6860 0xc060 23 2400 2400 0x1030 0x0005 0x180c 0x3018 0x7360 0xc060 25 4800 0 0x0460 0x0986 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0xc160 50 4000 800 0x0450 0x0986 0x2010 0x0000 0x0000 0xc160 56 3600 1200 0x0448 0x0986 0x0001 0x2412 0x0000 0xc160 55 2400 2400 0x0430 0x0986 0x0005 0x180c 0x3018 0xc160 57

4150 2250 0xab53 0x2c00 0x0000 0x0000 0x5680 0xc080 10 6400 0 0x6b80 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x6c80 0xc080 19

6400

4000 2400 0x5250 0x0001 0x0000 0x542a 0x5280 0xc080 26 6400 0 0x0480 0x0986 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0xc180 51 4000 2400 0x0450 0x0986 0x0001 0x0000 0x542a 0xc180 58

4400 2800 0xab58 0x3000 0x0000 0x0000 0x4490 0xc090 9

7200

4400 2800 0x5258 0x0009 0x1e0c 0x4127 0x7390 0xc090 27 4400 2800 0x0458 0x0986 0x0009 0x1e0c 0x4127 0xc190 59

7750 250 0xbf9b 0x0080 0x0000 0x0000 0x49a0 0xc0a0 12 4650 3350 0xab5d 0x3400 0x0000 0x0000 0x31a0 0xc0a0 13

8000

8000 0 0x7fa0 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x52a0 0xc0a0 20 4000 4000 0x5250 0x0005 0x2010 0x6834 0x72a0 0xc0a0 28 8000 0 0x04a0 0x0986 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0xc1a0 52 4000 4000 0x0450 0x0986 0x0005 0x2010 0x6834 0xc1a0 60

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9600 0 0xbfc0 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x72c0 0xc0c0 4 4850 4750 0xab16 0xe400 0x0000 0x0000 0x67c0 0xc0c0 6 9600 0 0x7fc0 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x69c0 0xc0c0 21

9600

3600 6000 0x5048 0x000e 0x4010 0x6a2e 0x65c0 0xc0c0 30 2400 7200 0x1030 0x000e 0x681a 0x511b 0x76c0 0xc0c0 29 9600 0 0x04c0 0x0986 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0xc1c0 53 3600 6000 0x0448 0x0986 0x000e 0x4010 0x6a2e 0xc1c0 62 2400 7200 0x0430 0x0986 0x000e 0x681a 0x511b 0xc1c0 61

Table Key

AMBE-1000 Compatable Rates AMBE-20xx Compatable Rates AMBE+2 Compatable Rates

Channel Packet Bytes 18 and 19 (cmode)

The cmode element of the Channel packet contains the input flags to the decoder when it is transmitted to the VCU and the output flags of the encoder when it is transmitted by the VCU. The value of cmode also depends on the vocoder in use. Tables 12a and 12b list values for the decoder input and encoder output flags of the Channel packet.

Cmode parameter

Decoder Input Flags

Byte 18

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 19

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Nominal Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x0000 Lost Frame 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0x0004 Mute 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0x0008 Tone Signaling 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x4000

Table 18 a cmode Channel Parameter (Decoder Input Flags)

The nominal value for the cmode parameter should be zero when transmitting Channel packets to the VCU. To get the decoder to perform a frame repeat set the Lost Frame flag. To generate comfort noise (i.e., mute) set the Mute flag. The Tone Signaling Flag can be set to get the AMBE+2 vocoder to ignore the channel data in the packet and generate a tone. The index and amplitude of the tone should be set in the tone[] parameter of the Channel packet. The a-Law and U-Law decoders do not support tone signaling and ignore this flag.

Cmode parameter

Encoder Output Flags

Byte 18

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 19

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Voice Active 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0x0002 VAD 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x0400 Tone Frame 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x8000

Table 18 a cmode Channel Parameter (Decoder Input Flags)

When the VCU transmits Channel packets in response to Voice packets it sets the cmode parameter with the flags returned by the encoder. The Voice Active flag is set when the packet must be

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transmitted to the decoder (otherwise, if DTX is in use the frame does not need to be transmitted). If the VAD flag is set the packet contains voice data (otherwise the frame is a silence frame). If the Tone Frame flag is set the packet contains tone data. The amplitude and index of the tone are set in the tone[] parameter of the Channel packet.

Channel Packet Bytes 20, 21, 22, 23 (tone.idx & tone.amp)

Appropriate values for tone.idx and tone.amp, are listed in Table 19 tone.idx—Channel-Parameter. When tone signaling is inactive tone.idx should be set to NO TONE and tone.amp should be set to zero.

tone.idx

Description Frequency (Hz)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 20

Byte 21

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

not used n/a n/a n/a 0 - 4

Single Tones

156.25 to 3812.5 Hz

31.25(tone.idx) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x 5 - 122

not used n/a n/a n/a 123 - 127 DTMF “0” 1336, 941 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 DTMF “1” 1209, 697 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 129 DTMF “2” 1336, 697 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 130 DTMF “3” 1477, 697 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 131 DTMF “4” 1209, 770 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 132 DTMF “5” 1336, 770 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 133 DTMF “6” 1477, 770 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 134 DTMF “7” 1209, 852 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 135 DTMF “8” 1336, 852 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 136 DTMF “9” 1477, 852 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 137 DTMF “A” 1633, 697 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 138 DTMF “B” 1633, 770 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 139

DTMF “C” 1633, 852 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 140 DTMF “D” 1633, 941 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 141

DTMF “*” 1209, 941 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 142

DTMF “#” 1477, 941 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 143

Call Progress 440, 350 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 144 Call Progress 480, 440 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 145 Call Progress 620, 480 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 146 Call Progress 490, 350 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 147

not used n/a n/a n/a 148-254

AMBE INVALID TONE n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255

Table 19 tone.idx—Channel-Parameter

These are the values for the Single, DTMF and Call Progress tones for Encode command packets and Decode command packets as well as Voice response packets and channel response packets.

tone.amp = tone amplitude

Description

Max Amplitude 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 +3

… … … …

Zero Amplitude 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

… … … …

Min. Amplitude 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 -90

Valid range: +3 to -90 (signed twos complement integer, units are dBm0)

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Byte 22

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 23

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal Value

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Table 20 tone.amp -- Channel-Parameter

Channel Packet Bytes 24 & 25 (ws)

The ws element of the packet contains the number of samples that should be synthesized by the decoder when transmitted to the VCU and the number of samples that were used to encode the channel data when transmitted by the VCU. Appropriate values for ws are listed inTable 21 ws -Channel Parameter.

ws = Number of voice samples.

Description

Byte 24

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 159

Byte 25

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 160 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 161

Table 21 ws -- Channel Parameter

Channel Packet Bytes 26 & 27 (format)

Format include both the number of soft decision bits in the channel data and the format of the voice data to synthesize. This number of soft decision bits should be between 1 (hard decision) and 8 (maximum soft decision capability). The number of soft decision bits is determined by the top 8 bits of the format element.

(format >> 8) & 0x00ff

The format element of the channel packet also indicates the format of the voice data to be generated by the decoder. Appropriate values for the number of soft decision bits and voice data type in the format element is listed in Table 22 format -- Channel Parameter.

format = Soft decision & voice data

Voice Data Formats

Byte 26

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 27

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Linear 16-bit PCM 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0xXX00

Soft-Decision Bits

Byte 26

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 27

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x 0x01XX 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x 0x02XX 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x 0x03XX 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x 0x04XX 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x 0x05XX 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x 0x06XX 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x 0x07XX 8 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x 0x08XX

Table 22 format -- Channel Parameter

The voice data format to synthesize is as follows: The voice data to be synthesized is 16 bit PCM

(format & 0x00ff) == 0x00

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All other formats are invalid.

Encode Command Packet

To run an encoding communications session the Net-2000™ VCU must receive Encode command packets (Table 23 Encode command packet) from the control PC. Encode command packets need to contain 8 kHz voice data in either 16-bit linear, 8-bit A-law, or 8-bit µ-law format and the control flags and data needed to run the encoder.

The cmode element of the packet contains the mode flags that enable various features of the encoder such as tone detection as shown in Table 24 cmode Bits for Encoder Command Packets. If the cmode element has the AMBE DTMF SEND FLAG bit set to force the encoder to generate a tone, the index and amplitude of the tone to generate are in the tone.idx and tone.amp elements of the packet, respectively. Values for tone.idx are shown in Table 19 tone.idx. The valid range for tone.amp is shown in Table 20 tone.amp -- Channel-Parameter.

The ws element of the packet contains the number of voice samples in the packet. The format element of the packet indicates the format of the voice data. Values for these parameters are also shown inTable 21 ws -- Channel Parameter. The voice[] data in the packet must be 16-bits per sample. A-law and µ-law data are passed in the lower eight bits of each sample.

Encode Command Packet

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 - 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x x x x len

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

2 - 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 type

Header

4 - 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 - 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 x x x rate [0]

8 - 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [1] 10 - 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [2] 12 - 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [3] 14 - 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [4] 16 - 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [5] 18 - 19 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cmode 20 - 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x tone.idx 22 - 23 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x tone.amp 24 - 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x ws 26 - 27 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x format 28 - 29 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [0] 30 - 31 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [1]

… x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [2]

(len-2) - (len-1) x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [ws-1]

Table 23 Encode command packet

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Upon receipt of an Encode command packet the Net-2000™ VCU begins encoding the data by calling the appropriate vocoder software interface function. At the same time the VCU responds with a Channel response packet (Table 45 Channel Response Packet). The format of the Channel response packet is discussed in the Channel response section below.

For Encode command packets and Voice response packets this is the format of the voice data in the packet. For Decode command packets this is the format of the voice data to be synthesized by the decoder. For Channel response packets this is the format of the voice data used to encode the channel data.

cmode parameter bits

Encoder Command Packet Flags

Byte 18

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 19

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

AMBE DTMF SEND FLAG If set, the encoder ignores the voice[] array and encodes a frame of tone data described by the tone parameter instead (see Tables 9

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14

and 10). If cleared the data in voice[] is encoded. AMBE TONE DET ENABLE FLAG If set, the encoder analyzes the voice data with the tone detector enabled. If cleared the

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12

tone detector is disabled. AMBE DTX ENABLE FLAG If set, the encoder enables silence frame generation for DTX. If cleared all voice and

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11

silence frames are transmitted. AMBE NS ENABLE FLAG If set, the encoder enables noise suppression.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6

If cleared, noise suppression is disabled.

15, 13, 10,

*Not Used * x * x x * * * * x * * * * * *

9, 8, 7, 5, 4,

3, 2, 1, 0

Bits

Table 24 cmode Bits for Encoder Command Packets

The AMBE/AMBE+ coder only supports the DTMF_SEND_FLAG. For this coder tone detection is always enabled, it has no noise suppressor, and DTX is enabled only if VAD is enabled using the web interface or command line. The mu-law and A-law coders do not support any of these flags.

The ws element of the packet should contain the number of samples that were encoded. The format element of the packet should contain the format of the voice data that was encoded. See Table 19 tone.idx—Channel-Parameter, Table 20 tone.amp -- Channel-Parameter, Table 21 ws -- Channel Parameter for more information on the tone.idx, tone.amp, ws, and format parameters for the Channel response packet. The least significant bit of each byte of the channel[] array in the packet contains one bit of channel data output by the encoder.

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Decode Command Packet

The Net-2000™ VCU can receive Decode command packets (Table 25 Decode Command Packet) from a PC to decode files. Decode packets contain the channel data for one frame of voice and the control flags and data needed to run the decoder.

Decode Command Packet

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 - 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 len

2 - 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 type

Header

4 - 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 - 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 x x x rate [0]

8 - 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [1] 10 - 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [2] 12 - 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [3] 14 - 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [4] 16 - 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [5] 18 - 19 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cmode 20 - 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x tone.idx 22 - 23 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x tone.amp 24 - 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x ws 26 - 27 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x format 28 - 29 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [0-1] 30 - 31 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [2-3] 32 - 33 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [4-5]

… … … …

216-217 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [190-191]

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

Table 25 Decode Command Packet

The cmode element of the packet contains the mode flags that enable various features of the decoder such as tone generation as shown in Table 26 cmode Bits for Decoder Command Packets. If the cmode element has the AMBE DTMF SEND FLAG bit set to force the decoder to synthesize a tone, the index and amplitude of the tone to generate are in the tone.idx and tone.amp elements of the packet, respectively.

The ws element of the packet contains the number of voice samples to be generated by the decoder. The format element of the packet indicates the format of the voice data to be generated by the decoder. Appropriate values for tone.idx, tone.amp, ws, and format are listed in Packet CommonParameters Section Table 19, Table 20, Table 21 ws -- Channel Parameter.

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cmode parameter bits

Decoder Command Packet Flags

AMBE DTMF SEND FLAG If set, the decoder ignores the channel[] array and synthesizes a frame of tone data described by the tone parameter instead (see Tables 9 and 10). If cleared the data in channel[] is synthesized. AMBE CNI FRAME FLAG If set, the decoder ignores the data in the channel[] array and inserts a comfort noise frame. If cleared the decoder synthesizes the data in channel[]. AMBE LOST FRAME FLAG If set, the decoder ignores the data in the channel[] array and repeats the last valid frame of data. If cleared the decoder synthesizes the data in channel[].

*Not Used * x * * * * * * * * * * x x * *

Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Byte 18

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 19

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bits

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2

15, 13, 12, 11,

10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5,

4, 1, 0

Table 26 cmode Bits for Decoder Command Packets

Upon receipt of an Decode command packet terminals should decode the data appropriately by calling the vocoder software interface function ambe voice dec() twice to produce ws samples of voice data. The data elements in the packet with the same names as the arguments to ambe voice dec() (i.e., cmode, etc.) should be passed directly to the decoder function on both invocations. If the DTMF SEND FLAG is set in the cmode element of the packet, the vocoder software interface function ambe tone gen() should be called with the tone.idx and tone.amp elements of the packet passed as arguments before calling the decoder function to force the decoder to generate a tone.

Note: The AMBE/AMBE+ and AMBE+2 coders support all of the decoder cmode input flags, however the mu-law and A-law coders do not support any of them.

The Net-2000™ VCU responds to an Decoder command packet with a Voice response packet (Table 47 Voice Response Packet). The Voice response packet contains the voice data output by ambe voice dec(). The format of the Voice response packet is discussed in the Voice response section below.

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channel [192]

For simplicity, and since channel data packets are small compared to nominal Ethernet frames all 192 Channel Data bytes are ALWAYS transmitted regardless of the actual bit-rate of the vocoder.

Each byte of the channel [] array contains one channel data “bit”.

Channel [192]

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

… … … …

28 - 29 X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [0-1] 30 – 31 X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [2-3] 32 – 33 X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [4-5]

… … … …

216-217 X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [191-192]

Table 27 channel parameters

If channel[] contains hard decision data (no soft decision error detection) channel[i] == 0x01 is a one, channel[i] == 0x00 is a zero

If 8 bit soft decision error detection is used then, channel[i] == 0xff is the most confident one channel[i] = 0x00 is the most confident zero

Other values for the number of soft-decision bits are coded in a similar manner. For transmitting DTX

frames a channel data packet must contain all ones in the channel[] array. To signal no data and

force a frame repeat the channel[] array data packet must contain all zeros.

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

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Voice Packet

Voice packets contain the voice data for one frame of voice with the control flags and data needed to

run the encoder. They are also transmitted by the VCU in response to Channel packets when in File

Mode and contain the synthesized speech output by the decoder.

Voice Packet

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 – 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 len

2 – 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 type

Header

4 – 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 – 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 x rate [0]

8 – 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [1] 10 – 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [2] 12 – 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [3] 14 – 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [4] 16 – 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [5 18 – 19 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cmode 20 – 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x tone.idx 22 – 23 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x tone.amp 24 – 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x ws 26 – 27 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x format 28 – 29 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [0] 30 – 31 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice[1] 32 – 33 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [2]

… … … …

344 – 345 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice[159]

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

Table 28 Encode Packet

Voice packets have the following format described Table 18 and C-language data structure below:

struct voice_packet_t { short len; short type; short seq;

short rate[5]; short cmode; short tone[2]; short ws; short format;

short voice[160]; };

The size of the Voice packet can vary depending on the number of samples in the voice[] buffer. The actual number of elements in the voice[] buffer can vary between 159 and 161. The nominal number of samples is 160. The ws and len elements of the Voice packet should be adjusted to indicate the actual number of samples in voice[]. The elements of the Voice packet are described in detail in the following sections.

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Voice Packet Parameters

Voice Packet Bytes 0 &1 (len)

The len parameter (bytes 0 and 1) hold the 16-bit length of the packet (Table 3). The packet length can vary from 344 to 348 bytes.

len = Length (in bytes) of total packet (including header)

Byte 0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Data Packet Size 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x x 344 - 348 bytes

Table 29 len header parameter

Voice Packet Bytes 2 & 3 (type)

The type parameter (bytes 2 and 3) is 16-bits packet type and is always 0x002 for voice data.

type = Packet type

Byte 2

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Voice Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0x0002

Byte 1

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 3

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal Value

Hex Value

Table 30 type header parameter

Voice Packet Bytes 4 & 5 (seq)

seq = Sequence number*

Byte 4

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 5

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Minimum Value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -32768

Maximum Value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 32767

Table 31 seq header parameter

*Note: Sequence numbers should be incremented by one every time a packet is transmitted. When the sequence number reaches 32767, the next valid sequence number is -32768.

Voice Packet Bytes 6 – 15 (rate[5])

The rate[] array is used to indicate the vocoder type and is identical to the rate[] array in the Channel packet discussed in the previous section.

Voice Packet Bytes 18 & 19 (cmode)

The cmode element of the packet contains the input flags to the encoder when it is transmitted to the VCU and the output flags of the decoder when it is transmitted from the VCU. The value of cmode

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also depends on the vocoder in use. Tables 12a and 12b lists the input flags to the encoder and the output flags of the decoder for the cmode element of Voice packets.

cmode parameter

Encoder Input Flags

Byte 18

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 19

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Noise Suppression Enable 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x0040 DTX Enable 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x0400 Tone Detection Enable 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x1000 Tone Signaling 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x4000

Table 32 a cmode Parameter (Half-Rate Encoder Inputs)

The values in Table 12a apply only to the AMBE+2 encoder. The value of cmode should always be zero for the AMBE / AMBE+ encoder.

cmode parameter

Decoder Output Flags

Byte 18

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 19

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Voice Active 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0x0002 Data Invalid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0x0020 Tone Frame 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x8000

Table 32 a cmode Parameter (Half-Rate Encoder Inputs) cmode Parameter

The Data Invalid flag is set by the Decoder if the data that was received in the Channel packet used to generate the Voice packet was invalid, or if the Lost Frame or Mute flag was set in the cmode element of the Channel packet. The AMBE+2 decoder sets the Voice Active flag if the packet is not a silence frame. The AMBE+2 decoder sets the Tone Frame flag if the packet contains a tone. The values of the tone element of the packet contain the index and amplitude of the tone.

Voice Packet Bytes 20 – 23 (tone [2])

Appropriate values for tone.idx and tone.amp are the same as the tone.idx and tone.amp values for Channel packets and are listed in Tables 8 and 9. When tone signaling is inactive tone.idx should be set to NO TONE and tone.amp should be set to zero.

Voice Packet Bytes 24 and 25 (ws)

The ws element of the packet contains the number of voice samples that the voice packet contains. Appropriate values for ws are listed in Table 10.

ws = Number of voice samples.

Description

Byte 24

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 159

Byte 25

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 160 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 161

Table 33 ws Parameter

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Voice Packet Bytes 26 & 27 (format)

The format element of the voice packet also indicates the format of the voice data in the voice[] array. Appropriate values voice data type in the format element is listed in Table 11.

format = Soft decision & voice data

Voice Data Formats

Byte 26

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 27

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Linear 16-bit PCM 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0xXX00

A-Law 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0xXX21

u-Law 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0xXX11

Table 34 format Parameters

The voice data format to synthesize is as follows: The voice data to be synthesized is 16 bit PCM

(format & 0x00ff) == 0x00

Voice Packet Bytes 28-347 (voice [ ])

The number of elements in the voice[] array can vary between 159 and 161. The nominal number of elements should be 160. The voice format is 16 bit PCM each element of the voice array should contain one linear 16 bit voice sample.

Reset Packet

The Reset packet is used to reset the encoder and decoder state when the VCU is in File Mode. In order to get reproducible, bit-exact results in File Mode the state of the vocoder must be reset before sending Channel or Voice packets to the VCU.

Reset Packet

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 – 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 len

2 – 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 type

Header

4 – 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 – 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x which

Table 35 Reset Packet

Reset packets have the following format described Table 18 and C-language data structure below:

struct reset_packet_t { short len; short type; short seq;

short which; };

The size of the Reset packet is eight bytes. The elements of the Reset packet are described in detail in the following sections.

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

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Reset Packet Parameters

Reset Packet Bytes 0 &1 (len)

The len parameter (bytes 0 and 1) hold the 16-bit length of the packet (Table 3). The packet length is eight bytes.

len = Length (in bytes) of total packet (including header)

Byte 0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Reset Packet Size 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 bytes

Table 36 len header parameter

Reset Packet Bytes 2 & 3 (type)

The type parameter (bytes 2 and 3) is 16-bits packet type and is always 0x0000 for reset packets.

type = Packet type

Byte 2

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x0000

Byte 1

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 3

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Hex Value

Table 37 type header parameter

Reset Packet Bytes 4 & 5 (seq)

Seq = Sequence number*

Byte 4

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 5

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Minimum Value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -32768

Maximum Value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 32767

Table 38 seq header parameter

*Note: Sequence numbers should be incremented by one every time a packet is

transmitted. When the sequence number reaches 32767, the next valid sequence number is -32768.

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Reset Packet Bytes 6 & 7 (which)

The which element is used to indicate which vocoder state to reset. If bit zero is set the encoder state is reset. If bit one is set the decoder state is reset. To reset both the encoder and decoder state set both bits zero and one.

which parameter

Reset Flags

Byte 6

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 7

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Encoder Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0x0001 Decoder Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0x0002

Table 39 which parameter

Ack Packet

The Ack packet is used to acknowledge the Reset packet when the VCU is in File Mode.

Ack Packet

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 – 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 len

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

2 – 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 type

Header

4 – 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 – 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cmd

Table 40 Ack Packet

Ack packets have the following format described Table 18 and C-language data structure below:

struct ack_packet_t { short len; short type; short seq;

short cmd; };

The size of the Ack packet is eight bytes. The elements of the Ack packet are described in detail in the following sections.

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Ack Packet Parameters

Ack Packet Bytes 0 &1 (len)

The len parameter (bytes 0 and 1) hold the 16-bit length of the packet (Table 3). The packet length is eight bytes.

len = Length (in bytes) of total packet (including header)

Byte 0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Ack Packet Size 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 bytes

Table 41 len header parameter

Ack Packet Bytes 2 & 3 (type)

The type parameter (bytes 2 and 3) is 16-bits packet type and is always 0x0000 for ack packets.

type = Packet type

Byte 2

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Ack 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x0000

Byte 1

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 3

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Hex Value

Table 42 type header parameter

Ack Packet Bytes 4 & 5 (seq)

seq = Sequence number*

Byte 4

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 5

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Minimum Value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -32768

Maximum Value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 32767

Table 43 seq header parameter

*Note: Sequence numbers should be incremented by one every time a packet is

transmitted. When the sequence number reaches 32767, the next valid sequence number is -32768.

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Ack Packet Bytes 6 & 7 (cmd)

The cmd element is used to indicate the packet type being acknowledged. Since Reset packets are the only packets acknowledged this value is always zero.

cmd parameter

Packet Type Ack’ed

Byte 6

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 7

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x0000

Table 44 cmd parameter

Response Packets

Channel Response Packet

The Net-2000™ VCU transmit encoder data in Channel response packets (Table 45 Channel Response Packet).

Channel Response Packet

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 - 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 len

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

2 - 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 type

Header

4 - 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 - 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 x x x rate [0]

8 - 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [1] 10 - 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [2] 12 - 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [3] 14 - 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [4] 16 - 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [5] 18 - 19 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cmode 20 - 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x tone.idx 22 - 23 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x tone.amp 24 - 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x ws 16 - 17 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x format 18 - 19 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [0-1] 20 - 21 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [2-3] 22 - 23 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [4-5]

… … … …

94 - 95 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x channel [78-79]

Table 45 Channel Response Packet

The cmode element of the packet should contain the status flags returned by the second invocation of the encoder function ambe voice enc() as described in Table 46 cmode Bits for Channel Response Packets. If the AMBE DTMF FRAME FLAG is set in the status flags output by the encoder, the tone.idx and tone.amp elements should be set to the tone index and amplitude of the tone. Otherwise, tone.idx should be set to AMBE INVALID TONE and tone.amp should be set to zero.

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cmode parameter bits

Channel Response Packet Flags

Byte 18

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 19

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

AMBE DTMF FRAME FLAG If set, the encoder detected a tone and the data in the channel[] array is a single, DTMF, or call progress tone. The index and amplitude of the tone

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15

should be put in the tone.idx and tone.amp parameters of the packet, respectively. AMBE VAD FLAG If set, the channel[] array contains voice data. If

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 cleared the channel[] array contains a silence frame. AMBE VOICE ACTIVE FLAG If set, the data in the channel[] array must be transmitted to the decoder. If cleared, the data does

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1

not need to be transmitted.

*Not Used x * * * * x * * * * * * * * x *

Bits

14, 13, 12, 11, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5,

4, 3, 2, 0

Table 46 cmode Bits for Channel Response Packets

The AMBE/AMBE+ and AMBE+2 coders both support the DTMF_FRAME_FLAG.

The VAD flag is output by the AMBE+2 coder only to indicate that the frame contains voice or data, the VOICE_ACTIVE flag is output by the AMBE+2 coder to indicate that the packet should be transmitted to the decoder.

The AMBE/AMBE+ coder does not support the VAD flag and uses the VOICE_ACTIVE flag for that function. The AMBE/AMBE+ coder does not have a flag to indicate whether the packet should be transmitted. With the AMBE/AMBE+ coder you must transmit the first silence frame following a frame with VOICE_ACTIVE set to do DTX.

The mu-law and A-law coders don't support any of these Channel Response Packet Flags.

Voice Response Packet

The Net-2000™ VCU transmits decoder data in Voice response packets (Table 47 Voice Response Packet).

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Voice Response Packet

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

0 - 1 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x len

2 - 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 type

Header

4 - 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 - 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 x x x rate [0]

8 - 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [1] 10 - 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [2] 12 - 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [3] 14 - 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [4] 16 - 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rate [5] 18 - 19 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cmode 20 - 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x tone.idx 22 - 23 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x tone.amp 24 - 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x x x x x x ws 26 - 27 0 0 0 0 x x x x 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x format 28 - 29 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [0] 30 - 31 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [1] 32 - 33 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [2]

… … … …

(len-2) - (len-1) x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x voice [ws-1]

Table 47 Voice Response Packet

The cmode element of the packet contains the status flags returned by the first decoder function as shown in Table 48 cmode Bits for Voice Response Packets.

cmode parameter bits

Voice Response Packet Flags

Byte 18

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 19

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

AMBE DTMF FRAME FLAG If set, the decoder determined that the data in the voice[] array is a single, DTMF, or call progress tone. The index and amplitude of the tone should

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15

be put in the tone.idx and tone.amp parameters of the packet, respectively. AMBE DATA INVALID FLAG If set, the decoder has determined that the channel data passed to it is invalid and a frame repeat or

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 5

comfort noise insertion was performed. AMBE VOICE ACTIVE FLAG If set, the data in the voice[] array is voice or tone data. If cleared the data in the voice[] array is a

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1

silence frame.

14, 13, 12, 11,

*Not Used x * * * * * * * * * x * * * x *

10, 9, 8, 7, 6,

4, 3, 2, 0

Bits

Table 48 cmode Bits for Voice Response Packets

If the decoder sets the AMBE DTMF FRAME FLAG status flags output, the tone.idx and tone.amp elements will contain the tone index and amplitude of the tone. Otherwise, tone.idx would be set to AMBE INVALID TONE and tone.amp would be set to zero.

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The ws element of the packet would contain the number of samples that were generated by the decoder. The format element of the packet contains the format of the voice data that was generated. See Table 19 tone.idx, Table 20 tone.amp -- Channel-Parameter and Table 21 ws -- Channel Parameter for more information on the tone.idx, tone.amp, ws, and format parameters for the Voice response packet. Each sample of voice data generated by the decoder is contained in one 16-bit element of the voice[] array. A-law and µ-law values should be put in the lower eight bits of the voice[] array.

Nack Packet

The Nack packet is used to respond to badly formatted or unrecognized packets.

Nack Packet

Bytes

(msb-lsb)

0 – 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 len

2 – 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 type

Header

4 – 5 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x seq

6 – 7 X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x cmd 8 – 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 reason

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Parameter Name

Table 49 Nack Packet

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Nack packets have the following format described Table 18 and C-language data structure below:

struct nack_packet_t { short len; short type; short seq;

short cmd; short reason; };

The size of the Nack packet is ten bytes. The elements of the Nack packet are described in detail in the following sections.

Nack Packet Parameters

Nack Packet Bytes 0 &1 (len)

The len parameter (bytes 0 and 1) hold the 16-bit length of the packet (Table 3). The packet length is ten bytes.

len = Length (in bytes) of total packet (including header)

Byte 0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 1

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Ack Packet Size 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 10 bytes

Table 50 len header parameter

Nack Packet Bytes 2 & 3 (type)

The type parameter (bytes 2 and 3) is 16-bits packet type and is always 0x0001 for nack packets.

type = Packet type

Byte 2

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 3

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Nack 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0x0001

Table 51 type header parameter

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Nack Packet Bytes 4 & 5 (seq)

Seq = Sequence number*

Byte 4

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 5

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Decimal

Value

Minimum Value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -32768

Maximum Value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 32767

Table 52 seq header parameter

*Note: Sequence numbers should be incremented by one every time a packet is

transmitted. When the sequence number reaches 32767, the next valid sequence number is -32768.

Nack Packet Bytes 6 & 7 (cmd)

The cmd element is used to indicate the packet type being Nack’ed.

Cmd parameter

Packet Type Nack’ed

Byte 6

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 7

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Hex Value

Type x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 0xXXXX

Table 53 cmd parameter

Nack Packet Bytes 8 & 9 (reason)

The reason element is used to indicate the reason for the Nack. This value is currently always 0xFFFF (invalid packet). Other values are reserved for future expansion.

Cmd parameter

Packet Type Nack’ed

Byte 8

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Byte 9

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Packet Invalid 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0xFFFF

Table 54 reason parameter

Hex Value

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Specifications

Introduction

This section contains hardware Specifications of the VCU. Any interfaces listed as “inactive” require firmware and software upgrades to activate. NOTE: All values are typical unless noted otherwise. All specifications subject to change.

Rear Panel Connections

Serial Port

Type RS-232 Connector DE9s

Net-2000™ VCU RS 232 Serial Port Pin Out

(as view from the back of the unit)

Pin Number Name 1, 4, 6 Connected together internally 2 Tx 3 Rx 5 Ground 7 CTS 8 RTS 9 No Connection

Table 55 Serial Port Pin Outs

LAN

Type 10-BaseT Ethernet Connector RJ-45

RS-422 Synchronous

Type RS-422 differential Connector DB-15HD

Net-2000™ VCU RS 422 Syncronous Serial Port Pin Out

(as view from the back of the unit)

Pin Number Description Polarity

1 CLK_RX negative 2 CLK_RX positive 3 FS_RX positive 4 RX positive 5 CLK_TX negative 6 FS_TX negative 7 TX negative 8 GND

9 NC 10 FS_RX negative 11 RX negative 12 GND 13 CLK_TX positive 14 FS_TX positive 15 TX positive

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Table 56 RS-422 Syncronous Serial Port Pin Outs

RS-422 Asynchronous

Type RS-422 differential Connector RJ-45

Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Figure 20 RS-422 Asynchronous Pin 1

Two Net-2000™ VCU units can be connected together using the RS-422 Asynchronous connection and a crossover CAT5 cable.

Net-2000™ VCU RS 422 Asyncronous Serial Port Pin Out

Pin Number Description Polarity

1 Tx positive 2 Tx negative 3 Rx positive 4 NC 5 NC 6 Tx negative 7 NC 8 NC

Table 57 RS-422 Asyncronous Serial Port Pin Outs

Audio I/O Connections

2-Wire

Analog 2 Wire Input / Output: Type: Deferential Connector: RJ-11 6P2C Input /Output Impedance: 600 Ohms Bandwidth: 300 Hz to 3300 Hz A/D,D/A Resolution: 16 bits A/D,D/A Sampling Rate: 8 kHz

Line In

Type Single-ended 4 Wire Input Connector female RCA Maximum Input Level: +/- 2.45 Volts Input Impedance 10 kOhms Bandwidth 20 Hz to 4 kHz D/A Resolution 16 bits D/A Sampling Rate 8 kHz

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Note: A 1.414 V signal on the line input produces digital max when the codec input gain is 0 dB.

Line Out

Type: Single-ended 4 Wire Output Connector: female RCA Maximum Output Level +/- 1.5 Volts Output Impedance: <10 Ohms Bandwidth: 20 Hz to 4 kHz A/D Resolution: 16 bits A/D Sampling Rate: 8 kHz Minimum Load 600 Ohms

Note: A digital max produces 1.414 V signal on the line output when the codec output gain is 0 dB.

Handset:

Type: Single-ended Connector: RJ 4P4C Bandwidth: 20 Hz to 4 kHz A/D Sampling Rate: 8 kHz A/D Resolution: 16 bits

Section 3 – Net-2000™ VCU Control

Electrical Input

AC Power

Input Voltage 110/220 Volts AC Input Current @ 110V AC 250 ma Input Current @ 220V AC 125 ma Rated Input Frequency 50/60 Hz

Mechanical

Weight 4.25 lbs. Size (W X D X H) 17.25”X7.25”X3.5”

Environmental

Operating Temperature 5 to 35 degrees C Humidity 5 to 80% RH non-condensing Storage Temperature -20 to 60 degrees C

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Section 5 – Net-2000™ VCU Support

Net-2000 Support

Upgrade Procedure

Future upgrades to the Net-2000™ VCU’s internal software may become available to provide for additional features and capabilities or to remedy unforeseen issues. In order to upgrade the Net2000™ VCU’s internal software the following equipment is required.

A PC (Windows OS) with network access to the same LAN the VCU is on, and a terminal connected to the VCU console serial port.

The VCU upgrade image file located on a shared folder on the PC

First. Telnet to the VCU. Open a DOS window and telnet to the VCU using its IP address or host name:

telnet 192.168.1.100

Next, at the adsh> prompt of the VCU console shell, give the VCU access to the shared folder by typing the following commands:

adsh>mkdir /var/upgrade adsh>smbmount //<host>/<share> /var/upgrade

where <host> is the PC’s host name and <share> is the name of the shared folder.

Note: If the shared folder on your PC requires a user name and password to gain access, add -U

<user> and -P <password> to the smbmount command where <user> is the user name and <password> is the user’s password.

Now change directories to the shared folder on the PC and download the upgrade:

adsh>cd /var/upgrade adsh>cat <imagefile> | flash - /dev/all

where <imagefile> is the file name of the upgrade image. After the upgrade is loaded into the VCU, reboot it with the following command.

adsh>shutdown

DVSI Technical Support

If you have any problems with the Net-2000™ Voice Codec Unit or have questions about its operation, please contact:

Digital Voice Systems, Inc. 234 Littleton Road Westford, MA 01886 USA

Phone: (978) 392-0002 Fax: (978) 392-8866

email: info@dvsinc.com web: www.dvsinc.com

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NOTES

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