Digisol DG-FS4510 Installation Manual

DG-FS4510

Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Managed Switch

Installation Guide

V1.2

2012-07-12

Mustang 4000 Managed Switch Series

As our product undergoes continuous development the specifications are subject to change without prior notice

DG-FS4510 FAST ETHERNET MANAGED SWITCH

Layer 2 Switch
with 8 10/100BASE-T (RJ-45) Ports,
and 2 Gigabit Combination Ports (RJ-45/SFP)

DG-FS4510

E012011-R02

About This Guide

PURPOSE

This guide details the hardware features of the switch, including the physical and
performance-related characteristics, and how to install the switch.

AUDIENCE

The guide is intended for use by network administrators who are responsible for
installing and setting up network equipment; consequently, it assumes a basic
working knowledge of LANs (Local Area Networks).

CONVENTIONS

The following conventions are used throughout this guide to show information:

N

OTE

:

Emphasizes important information or calls your attention to

related features or instructions.

C

AUTION

:

or damage the system or equipment.

W

injury.

Alerts you to a potential hazard that could cause loss of data,

ARNING

:

Alerts you to a potential hazard that could cause personal

RELATED PUBLICATIONS

The following publication gives specific information on how to operate and use
the management functions of the switch:

The Management Guide

Also, as part of the switch’s software, there is an online web-based help that
describes all management related features.

– i –

A

BOUT THIS GUIDE

REVISION HISTORY

This section summarizes the changes in each revision of this guide.

NOVEMBER REVISION

This is the First revision of this guide

– ii –

Contents

INTRODUCTION 1

Overview 1

Description of Hardware 3

NETWORK PLANNING 7

Introduction to Switching 7

Application Examples 8

Application Notes 12

Selecting a Site 13

Ethernet Cabling 14

Equipment Checklist 15

Mounting 15

Installing an Optional SFP Transceiver 17

Connecting to a Power Source 18

Connecting to the Console Port 19

MAKING NETWORK CONNECTIONS 21

Connecting Network Devices 21

Twisted-Pair Devices 21

Fiber Optic SFP Devices 23

Connectivity Rules 25

Cable Labeling and Connection Records 27

TROUBLESHOOTING 29

Diagnosing Switch Indicators 29

Power and Cooling Problems 30

Installation 30

In-Band Access 30

CABLES 31

Twisted-Pair Cable and Pin Assignments 31

Fiber Standards 35

SPECIFICATIONS 37

Physical Characteristics 37

Switch Features 39

Management Features 39

Standards 40

Tables

Table 1: Supported SFP Transceivers 3

Table 2: 10/100 Mbps Port Status LEDs (1~8) 5

Table 3: 1000 Mbps Port Status LEDs (9~10) 5

Table 4: System Status LEDs 5

Table 5: Serial Cable Wiring 19

Table 6: Maximum 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length 25

Table 7: Maximum 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet Cable Lengths 25

Table 8: Maximum 1000BASE-LX Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length 26

Table 9: Maximum 1000BASE-LH Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length 26

Table 10: Maximum Fast Ethernet Cable Lengths 26

Table 11: Maximum Ethernet Cable Length 26

Table 12: Troubleshooting Chart 29

Table 13: 10/100BASE-TX MDI and MDI-X Port Pinouts 32

Table 14: 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X Port Pinouts 34

Table 15: Fiber Standards 35

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T

ABLES

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Figures

Figure 1: Front Panel 1

Figure 2: Rear Panel 2

Figure 3: Port LEDs 4

Figure 4: Power Supply Socket 6

Figure 5: Collapsed Backbone 8

Figure 6: Network Aggregation Plan 9

Figure 7: Remote Connections with Fiber Cable 10

Figure 8: Making VLAN Connections 11

Figure 9: RJ-45 Connections 14

Figure 10: Attaching the Adhesive Feet 16

Figure 11: Inserting an SFP Transceiver into a Slot 17

Figure 12: Power Socket 18

Figure 13: Console Cable 19

Figure 14: Making Twisted-Pair Connections 22

Figure 15: Making Fiber Port Connections 24

Figure 16: RJ-45 Connector Pin Numbers 31

Figure 17: Straight-through Wiring 33

Figure 18: Crossover Wiring 33

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F

IGURES

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INTRODUCTION

Port Status Indicators

1000BASE-T/SFP CombinationPorts

System Indicators

Console Port

100 Mbps RJ-45 Ports

OVERVIEW

The DG-FS4510 is a Fast Ethernet Layer 2 switch with 8 100BASE-TX ports, and
two combination 1000BASE-T ports: RJ-45/Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP)
transceiver slots
SNMP-based management agent, which provides both in-band and out-of-band
access for managing the switch.

The DG-FS4510 provides a broad range of powerful features for Layer 2
switching, delivering reliability and consistent performance for your network
traffic. It brings order to poorly performing networks by segregating them into
separate broadcast domains with IEEE 802.1Q compliant VLANs, and empowers
multimedia applications with multicast switching and CoS services.

Figure 1: Front Panel

1

(see Figure 1-1, Ports 9-10). The switch also includes an

1. If an SFP transceiver is plugged in, the corresponding RJ-45 port is disabled for
ports 9-10.

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Power Socket

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Overview

Figure 2: Rear Panel

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SWITCH ARCHITECTURE

The switch employs a wire-speed, non-blocking switching fabric. This permits
simultaneous wire-speed transport of multiple packets at low latency on all
ports. The switch also features full-duplex capability on all ports, which
effectively doubles the bandwidth of each connection.

This switch uses store-and-forward switching to ensure maximum data integrity.
With store-and-forward switching, the entire packet must be received into a
buffer and checked for validity before being forwarded. This prevents errors
from being propagated throughout the network.

NETWORK MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

With a comprehensive array of LEDs, the switch provides “at a glance”
monitoring of network and port status. The switch can be managed over the
network with a web browser or Telnet application, or via a direct connection to
the console port. The switch includes a built-in network management agent that
allows it to be managed in-band using SNMP or RMON (Groups 1, 2, 3, 9)
protocols. It also has a serial port (RJ-45 connector) on the front panel for out­of-band management. A PC may be connected to this port
monitoring out-of-band via a

null-modem serial cable.

For a detailed description of the management features, refer to the Management
Guide.

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for configuration and

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Description of Hardware

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DESCRIPTION OF HARDWARE

RJ-45 PORTS

The switch contains 8 100BASE-TX RJ-45 ports and 2 shared
1000BASE-T RJ-45/SFP ports. All RJ-45 ports support automatic MDI/MDI-X
operation, so you can use straight-through cables for all network connections to
PCs or servers, or to other switches or hubs. (See "1000BASE-T Pin
Assignments" on page 46.)

Each of these ports support auto-negotiation, so the optimum transmission
mode (half or full duplex), and data rate (10, or 100 Mbps - ports 1~8, and 10,
100, or 1000 - ports 9~10) can be selected automatically

Each port also supports IEEE 802.3x auto-negotiation of flow control, so the
switch can automatically prevent port buffers from becoming saturated.

SFP TRANSCEIVER SLOTS

The Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver slots are shared with the two
1000BASE-T RJ-45 ports (ports 9~10). In the default configuration, if an SFP
transceiver (purchased separately) is installed in a slot and has a valid link on
the port, the associated RJ-45 port is disabled. The switch can also be
configured to force the use of an RJ-45 port or SFP slot, as required.

2

.

The following table shows a list of transceiver types which have been tested with
the switch. For an updated list of vendors supplying these transceivers, contact
your local dealer. For information on the recommended standards for fiber optic
cabling, see "1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain" on page 37.

Table 1: Supported SFP Transceivers

Media Standard Cable Diameter

1000BASE-SX 50/125 850 550 m

2. The 1000BASE-T standard does not support forced mode. Auto-negotiation must
always be used to establish a connection over any 1000BASE-T port or trunk.

(microns)

62.5/125 850 400 m

Wavelength (nm)

– 3 –

Maximum Distance

*

C

Port Status LEDs

System Status LEDs

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Description of Hardware

Table 1: Supported SFP Transceivers

Media Standard Cable Diameter

1000BASE-LX 50/125 1300 550 m

1000BASE-LH 9/125 1310 35 km

1000BASE-T 100 m

* Maximum distance may vary for different SFP vendors.

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(microns)

62.5/125 1300 550 m

9/125 1300 10 km

Wavelength (nm)

1550 80 km

Maximum Distance

*

PORT AND SYSTEM STATUS LEDS

The switch includes a display panel for key system and port indications that
simplify installation and network troubleshooting. The LEDs, which are located
on the front panel for easy viewing, are shown below and described in the
following tables.

Figure 3: Port LEDs

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Description of Hardware

Table 2: 10/100 Mbps Port Status LEDs (1~8)

LED Condition Status

(Link/Activity) On/Flashing Green Port has established a valid 10/100 Mbps network

connection. Flashing indicates activity.

Off There is no valid link on the port.

Table 3: 1000 Mbps Port Status LEDs (9~10)

LED Condition Status

(Link/Activity) On/Flashing Green Port has established a valid 1000 Mbps network

On/Flashing Amber Port has established a valid 10/100 Mbps network

connection. Flashing indicates activity.

connection. Flashing indicates activity.

Off There is no valid link on the port.

ch

Table 4: System Status LEDs

LED Condition Status

Power On Green The unit’s internal power supply is operating

normally.

On Amber The unit has an internal power supply fault.

Off The unit has no power connected.

Diag On Green The system diagnostic test has completed

On Amber The system diagnostic test has detected a fault if

successfully.

Amber LED doesn’t turn green after system
bootup (Approx 45Sec.)

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Description of Hardware

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POWER SUPPLY SOCKET

There is one power socket on the rear panel of the switch. The standard power
socket is for the AC power cord.

Figure 4: Power Supply Socket

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NETWORK PLANNING

INTRODUCTION TO SWITCHING

A network switch allows simultaneous transmission of multiple packets via non­crossbar switching. This means that it can partition a network more efficiently
than bridges or routers. The switch has, therefore, been recognized as one of
the most important building blocks for today’s networking technology.

When performance bottlenecks are caused by congestion at the network access
point (such as the network card for a high-volume file server), the device
experiencing congestion (server, power user, or hub) can be attached directly to
a switched port. And, by using full-duplex mode, the bandwidth of the dedicated
segment can be doubled to maximize throughput.

When networks are based on repeater (hub) technology, the distance between
end stations is limited by a maximum hop count. However, a switch turns the
hop count back to zero. So subdividing the network into smaller and more
manageable segments, and linking them to the larger network by means of a
switch, removes this limitation.

A switch can be easily configured in any Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, or Gigabit
Ethernet network to significantly boost bandwidth while using conventional
cabling and network cards.

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Application Examples

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APPLICATION EXAMPLES

The switch is not only designed to segment your network, but also to provide a
wide range of options in setting up network connections. Some typical
applications are described below.

COLLAPSED BACKBONE

The switch is an excellent choice for mixed Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit
Ethernet installations where significant growth is expected in the near future.
You can easily build on this basic configuration, adding direct full-duplex
connections to workstations or servers. When the time comes for further
expansion, just connect to another hub or switch using one of the Fast Ethernet
ports built into the front panel or a Gigabit Ethernet port on a plug-in SFP
transceiver.

In the figure below, the switch is operating as a collapsed backbone for a small
LAN. It is providing dedicated 10 Mbps full-duplex connections to workstations,
100 Mbps full-duplex connections to power users, and 1 Gbps full-duplex
connections to servers.

Figure 5: Collapsed Backbone

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Application Examples

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NETWORK AGGREGATION PLAN

With 10 parallel bridging ports (i.e., 10 distinct collision domains), the switch can
collapse a complex network down into a single efficient bridged node, increasing
overall bandwidth and throughput.

In the figure below, the 100BASE-TX ports on the switch are providing 100 Mbps
connectivity for up to 8 segments. In addition, the switch is also connecting
several servers at 1000 Mbps.

Figure 6: Network Aggregation Plan

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Application Examples

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REMOTE CONNECTIONS WITH FIBER CABLE

Fiber optic technology allows for longer cabling than any other media type. A
1000BASE-SX (MMF) link can connect to a site up to 550 meters away, a
1000BASE-LX (SMF) link up to 10 km, and a 1000BASE-LH link up to 80 km.
This allows the switch to serve as a collapsed backbone, providing direct
connectivity for a widespread LAN.

The figure below illustrates the switch connecting multiple segments with fiber
cable.

Figure 7: Remote Connections with Fiber Cable

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Application Examples

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MAKING VLAN CONNECTIONS

This switch supports VLANs which can be used to organize any group of network
nodes into separate broadcast domains. VLANs confine broadcast traffic to the
originating group, and can eliminate broadcast storms in large networks. This
provides a more secure and cleaner network environment.

VLANs can be based on untagged port groups, or traffic can be explicitly tagged
to identify the VLAN group to which it belongs. Untagged VLANs can be used for
small networks attached to a single switch. However, tagged VLANs should be
used for larger networks, and all the VLANs assigned to the inter-switch links.

Figure 8: Making VLAN Connections

N

OTE

:

When connecting to a switch that does not support IEEE 802.1Q

VLAN tags, use untagged ports.

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Application Notes

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APPLICATION NOTES

1. Full-duplex operation only applies to point-to-point access (such as when a

switch is attached to a workstation, server or another switch). When the
switch is connected to a hub, both devices must operate in half-duplex
mode.

2. Avoid using flow control on a port connected to a hub unless it is actually

required to solve a problem. Otherwise back pressure jamming signals may
degrade overall performance for the segment attached to the hub.

3. Based on recommended standards, the length of fiber optic cable for a

single switched link should not exceed:

n

1000BASE-SX: 550 m (1805 ft) for multimode fiber.

n

1000BASE-LX: 10 km (6.2 miles) for single-mode fiber.

n

1000BASE-LH: 80 km (49.7 miles) for single-mode fiber.

However, power budget constraints must also be considered when
calculating the maximum cable length for your specific environment.

– 12 –

Installing the Switch

SELECTING A SITE

Switch units can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack or on a flat
surface. Be sure to follow the guidelines below when choosing a location.

u The site should:

n

be at the center of all the devices you want to link and near a power
outlet.

n

be able to maintain its temperature within 0 to 45 °C (32 to 113 °F)
and its humidity within 10% to 90%, non-condensing

n

provide adequate space (approximately two inches) on all sides for
proper air flow

n

be accessible for installing, cabling and maintaining the devices

n

allow the status LEDs to be clearly visible

u Make sure twisted-pair cable is always routed away from power lines,

fluorescent lighting fixtures and other sources of electrical interference,
such as radios and transmitters.

u Make sure that the unit is connected to a separate grounded power outlet

that provides 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz, is within 2 m (6.6 feet) of each
device and is powered from an independent circuit breaker. As with any
equipment, using a filter or surge suppressor is recommended.

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RJ-45 Connector

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Ethernet Cabling

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ETHERNET CABLING

To ensure proper operation when installing the switch into a network, make sure
that the current cables are suitable for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX or 1000BASE-T
operation. Check the following criteria against the current installation of your
network:

u Cable type: Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or shielded twisted pair (STP)

cables with RJ-45 connectors; Category 3 or better for 10BASE-T, Category
5 or better for 100BASE-TX, and Category 5, 5e or 6 for 1000BASE-T.

u Protection from radio frequency interference emissions

u Electrical surge suppression

u Separation of electrical wires (switch related or other) and electromagnetic

fields from data based network wiring

u Safe connections with no damaged cables, connectors or shields

Figure 9: RJ-45 Connections

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Equipment Checklist

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EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST

After unpacking this switch, check the contents to be sure you have received all
the components. Then, before beginning the installation, be sure you have all
other necessary installation equipment.

PACKAGE CONTENTS

u Fast Ethernet Switch (DG-FS4510)

u Four adhesive foot pads

Rack Mounting Kit

u

u Power Cord

u RJ-45 to RS-232 console cable

u Installation and Management Guide CD

MOUNTING

The switch can be mounted on a desktop or shelf. Mounting instructions follow.

DESKTOP OR SHELF MOUNTING

1. Attach the four adhesive feet to the bottom of the first switch.

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Mounting

Figure 10: Attaching the Adhesive Feet

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2. Set the device on a flat surface near an AC power source, making sure there

are at least two inches of space on all sides for proper air flow.

3. If installing a single switch only, go to "Connecting to a Power Source" at the

end of this chapter.

4. If installing multiple switches, attach four adhesive feet to each one. Place

each device squarely on top of the one below, in any order.

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Installing an Optional SFP Transceiver

INSTALLING AN OPTIONAL SFP TRANSCEIVER

Figure 11: Inserting an SFP Transceiver into a Slot

The SFP slots support the following optional SFP transceivers:

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u 1000BASE-SX

u 1000BASE-LX

u 1000BASE-LH

To install an SFP transceiver, do the following:

1. Consider network and cabling requirements to select an appropriate SFP

transceiver type.

2. Insert the transceiver with the optical connector facing outward and the slot

connector facing down. Note that SFP transceivers are keyed so they can
only be installed in one orientation.

3. Slide the SFP transceiver into the slot until it clicks into place.

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Connecting to a Power Source

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N

OTE

:

SFP transceivers are hot-swappable. The switch does not need to
be powered off before installing or removing a transceiver. However,
always first disconnect the network cable before removing a
transceiver.

N

OTE

:

SFP transceivers are not provided in the switch package.

CONNECTING TO A POWER SOURCE

To connect a switch to a power source:

1. Insert the power cable plug directly into the AC socket located at the back of

the switch.

Figure 12: Power Socket

2. Plug the other end of the cable into a grounded, 3-pin, AC power source.

N

OTE

:

For International use, you may need to change the AC line cord.
You must use a line cord set that has been approved for the socket type
in your country.

3. Check the front-panel LEDs as the device is powered on to be sure the

Power LED is lit. If not, check that the power cable is correctly plugged in.

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RJ-45 Connector

Console Port

DB-9 Port

aaa

aaa
aaa

aaa

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Connecting to the Console Port

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CONNECTING TO THE CONSOLE PORT

This port is used to connect a console device to the switch through a serial cable.
The console device can be a PC or workstation running a VT-100 terminal
emulator, or a VT-100 terminal. A crossover RJ-45 to DB-9 cable is supplied with
the unit for connecting to the console port, as illustrated below. The PIN
assignments used to connect to the serial port are described below.

Figure 13: Console Cable

WIRING MAP FOR SERIAL CABLE

The serial port’s configuration requirements are as follows:

Table 5: Serial Cable Wiring

Switches 8-PIN Serial

6 RXD (receive data) <----------------------- 3 TXD (transmit data)

3 TXD (transmit data) ------------------------> 2 RXD (receive data)

5 SGND
(signal ground)

Port

u Default Baud rate—115,200 bps

u Character Size—8 Characters

Null Modem PC’s 9-PIN DTE Port

-------------------------- 5 SGND (signal ground)

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Connecting to the Console Port

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u Parity—None

u Stop bit—One

u Data bits—8

u Flow control—none

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MAKING NETWORK CONNECTIONS

CONNECTING NETWORK DEVICES

The switch is designed to be connected to 10 or 100 Mbps network cards in PCs
and servers, as well as to other switches and hubs. It may also be connected to
remote devices using optional 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX, or 1000BASE-LH
SFP transceivers.

TWISTED-PAIR DEVICES

Each device requires an unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable with RJ-45
connectors at both ends. Use Category 5, 5e or 6 cable for 1000BASE-T
connections, Category 5 or better for 100BASE-TX connections, and Category 3
or better for 10BASE-T connections.

CABLING GUIDELINES

The RJ-45 ports on the switch support automatic MDI/MDI-X pinout
configuration, so you can use standard straight-through twisted-pair cables to
connect to any other network device (PCs, servers, switches, routers, or hubs).

See Appendix B for further information on cabling.

C

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:

Do not plug a phone jack connector into an RJ-45 port. This
will damage the switch. Use only twisted-pair cables with RJ-45
connectors that conform to FCC standards.

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Twisted-Pair Devices

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CONNECTING TO PCS, SERVERS, HUBS AND SWITCHES

1. Attach one end of a twisted-pair cable segment to the device’s RJ-45

connector.

Figure 14: Making Twisted-Pair Connections

2. If the device is a network card and the switch is in the wiring closet, attach

the other end of the cable segment to a modular wall outlet that is
connected to the wiring closet. (See the section “Fiber Optic SFP Devices.”)
Otherwise, attach the other end to an available port on the switch.

Make sure each twisted pair cable does not exceed 100 meters (328 ft) in
length.

N

OTE

:

Avoid using flow control on a port connected to a hub unless it is
actually required to solve a problem. Otherwise back pressure jamming
signals may degrade overall performance for the segment attached to
the hub.

3. As each connection is made, the Link LED (on the switch) corresponding to

each port will light green or amber to indicate that the connection is valid.

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Fiber Optic SFP Devices

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FIBER OPTIC SFP DEVICES

An optional Gigabit SFP transceiver (1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX or 1000BASE­LH) can be used for a backbone connection between switches, or for connecting
to a high-speed server.

Each single-mode fiber port requires 9/125 micron single-mode fiber optic cable
with an LC connector at both ends. Each multimode fiber optic port requires 50/
125 or 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber optic cabling with an LC connector at
both ends.

W

ARNING

:

This switch uses lasers to transmit signals over fiber optic
cable. The lasers are compliant with the requirements of a Class 1
Laser Product and are inherently eye safe in normal operation.
However, you should never look directly at a transmit port when it is
powered on.

W

ARNING

:

When selecting a fiber SFP device, considering safety, please
make sure that it can function at a temperature that is not less than the
recommended maximum operational temperature of the product. You
must also use an approved Laser Class 1 SFP transceiver.

1. Remove and keep the LC port’s rubber plug. When not connected to a fiber

cable, the rubber plug should be replaced to protect the optics.

2. Check that the fiber terminators are clean. You can clean the cable plugs by

wiping them gently with a clean tissue or cotton ball moistened with a little
ethanol. Dirty fiber terminators on fiber optic cables will impair the quality
of the light transmitted through the cable and lead to degraded performance
on the port.

3. Connect one end of the cable to the LC port on the switch and the other end

to the LC port on the other device. Since LC connectors are keyed, the cable
can be attached in only one orientation.

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Fiber Optic SFP Devices

Figure 15: Making Fiber Port Connections

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4. As a connection is made, check the Link LED on the switch corresponding to

the port to be sure that the connection is valid.

The 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX, 1000BASE-LH fiber optic ports operate at
1 Gbps, full duplex, with auto-negotiation of flow control. The maximum length
for fiber optic cable operating at Gigabit speed will depend on the fiber type as
listed under "1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain" on page 25.

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Connectivity Rules

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CONNECTIVITY RULES

When adding hubs (repeaters) to your network, please follow the connectivity
rules listed in the manuals for these products. However, note that because
switches break up the path for connected devices into separate collision
domains, you should not include the switch or connected cabling in your
calculations for cascade length involving other devices.

1000BASE-T CABLE REQUIREMENTS

All Category 5 UTP cables that are used for 100BASE-TX connections should also
work for 1000BASE-T, providing that all four wire pairs are connected. However,
it is recommended that for all critical connections, or any new cable installations,
Category 5e (enhanced Category 5) or Category 6 cable should be used. The
Category 5e and 6 specifications include test parameters that are only
recommendations for Category 5. Therefore, the first step in preparing existing
Category 5 cabling for running 1000BASE-T is a simple test of the cable
installation to be sure that it complies with the IEEE 802.3-2005 standards.

1000 MBPS GIGABIT ETHERNET COLLISION DOMAIN

Table 6: Maximum 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length

Cable Type Maximum Cable Length Connector

Category 5, 5e, or 6 100-ohm UTP or STP 100 m (328 ft) RJ-45

Table 7: Maximum 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet Cable Lengths

Fiber Size Fiber Bandwidth Maximum Cable Length Connector

62.5/125 micron
multimode fiber

50/125 micron
multimode fiber

160 MHz/km 2-220 m (7-722 ft) LC

200 MHz/km 2-275 m (7-902 ft) LC

400 MHz/km 2-500 m (7-1641 ft) LC

500 MHz/km 2-550 m (7-1805 ft) LC

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Connectivity Rules

Table 8: Maximum 1000BASE-LX Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length

Fiber Size Fiber Bandwidth Maximum Cable Length Connector

9/125 micron single­mode fiber

Table 9: Maximum 1000BASE-LH Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length

Fiber Size Fiber Bandwidth Maximum Cable Length Connector

9/125 micron single­mode fiber

|

N/A 2 m - 10 km (7 ft - 6.2 miles) LC

N/A 2 m - 80 km

(7 ft - 49.7 miles)

LC

100 MBPS FAST ETHERNET COLLISION DOMAIN

Table 10: Maximum Fast Ethernet Cable Lengths

Type Cable Type Max. Cable Length Connector

100BASE-TX Category 5 or better 100-ohm

UTP or STP

100 m (328 ft) RJ-45

10 MBPS ETHERNET COLLISION DOMAIN

Table 11: Maximum Ethernet Cable Length

Type Cable Type Max. Cable Length Connector

10BASE-T Category 3 or better 100-ohm UTP 100 m (328 ft) RJ-45

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Cable Labeling and Connection Records

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CABLE LABELING AND CONNECTION RECORDS

When planning a network installation, it is essential to label the opposing ends of
cables and to record where each cable is connected. Doing so will enable you to
easily locate inter-connected devices, isolate faults and change your topology
without need for unnecessary time consumption.

To best manage the physical implementations of your network, follow these
guidelines:

u Clearly label the opposing ends of each cable.

u Using your building’s floor plans, draw a map of the location of all network-

connected equipment. For each piece of equipment, identify the devices to
which it is connected.

u Note the length of each cable and the maximum cable length supported by

the switch ports.

u For ease of understanding, use a location-based key when assigning

prefixes to your cable labeling.

u Use sequential numbers for cables that originate from the same equipment.

u Differentiate between racks by naming accordingly.

u Label each separate piece of equipment.

u Display a copy of your equipment map, including keys to all abbreviations at

each equipment rack.

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Cable Labeling and Connection Records

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TROUBLESHOOTING

DIAGNOSING SWITCH INDICATORS

Table 12: Troubleshooting Chart

Symptom Action

Power LED is Off

Power LED is on
Amber

DIAG LED On Amber

Link LED is Off

u Check connections between the switch, the power cord and

the wall outlet.

u Contact your dealer for assistance.

u Contact your local dealer for assistance.

u Power cycle the switch to try and clear the condition.
u If the condition does not clear, contact your dealer for

assistance.

u Verify that the switch and attached device are powered on.
u Be sure the cable is plugged into both the switch and

corresponding device.

u If the switch is installed in a rack, check the connections to

the punch-down block and patch panel.

u Verify that the proper cable type is used and its length does

not exceed specified limits.

u Check the adapter on the attached device and cable

connections for possible defects. Replace the defective
adapter or cable if necessary.

– 29 –

A

PPENDIX

Power and Cooling Problems

|

POWER AND COOLING PROBLEMS

If the power indicator does not turn on when the power cord is plugged in, you
may have a problem with the power outlet, power cord, or internal power
supply. However, if the unit powers off after running for a while, check for loose
power connections, power losses or surges at the power outlet. If you still
cannot isolate the problem, the internal power supply may be defective.

INSTALLATION

Verify that all system components have been properly installed. If one or more
components appear to be malfunctioning (such as the power cord or network
cabling), test them in an alternate environment where you are sure that all the
other components are functioning properly.

IN-BAND ACCESS

You can access the management agent in the switch from anywhere within the
attached network using Telnet, a web browser, or other network management
software tools. However, you must first configure the switch with a valid IP
address, subnet mask, and default gateway. If you have trouble establishing a
link to the management agent, check to see if you have a valid network
connection. Then verify that you entered the correct IP address. Also, be sure
the port through which you are connecting to the switch has not been disabled.
If it has not been disabled, then check the network cabling that runs between
your remote location and the switch.

N

OTE

:

The management agent accepts up to four simultaneous Telnet
sessions. If the maximum number of sessions already exists, an
additional Telnet connection will not be able to log into the system.

– 30 –

CABLES

8

1

1

8

TWISTED-PAIR CABLE AND PIN ASSIGNMENTS

For 10/100BASE-TX connections, the twisted-pair cable must have two pairs of
wires. For 1000BASE-T connections the twisted-pair cable must have four pairs
of wires. Each wire pair is identified by two different colors. For example, one
wire might be green and the other, green with white stripes. Also, an RJ-45
connector must be attached to both ends of the cable.

C

AUTION

:

DO NOT plug a phone jack connector into any RJ-45 port. Use
only twisted-pair cables with RJ-45 connectors that conform with FCC
standards.

C

AUTION

:

Each wire pair must be attached to the RJ-45 connectors in a
specific orientation.

The figure below illustrates how the pins on the RJ-45 connector are numbered.
Be sure to hold the connectors in the same orientation when attaching the wires
to the pins.

Figure 16: RJ-45 Connector Pin Numbers

– 31 –

A

PPENDIX

Twisted-Pair Cable and Pin Assignments

|

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX PIN ASSIGNMENTS

Use unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable for RJ-45
connections: 100-ohm Category 3 or better cable for 10 Mbps connections, or
100-ohm Category 5 or better cable for 100 Mbps connections. Also be sure
the length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).

The RJ-45 ports on the switch base unit support automatic MDI/MDI-X
operation, so you can use straight-through cables for all network connections to
PCs or servers, or to other switches or hubs. In straight-through cable, pins 1, 2,
3, and 6, at one end of the cable, are connected straight through to pins 1, 2, 3,
and 6 at the other end of the cable. When using any RJ-45 port on this switch,
you can use either straight-through or crossover cable.

Table 13: 10/100BASE-TX MDI and MDI-X Port Pinouts

Pin MDI Signal Name MDI-X Signal Name

1 Transmit Data plus (TD+) Receive Data plus (RD+)

2 Transmit Data minus (TD-) Receive Data minus (RD-)

3 Receive Data plus (RD+) Transmit Data plus (TD+)

6 Receive Data minus (RD-) Transmit Data minus (TD-)

4,5,7,8 Not used Not used

Note:The “+” and “-” signs represent the polarity of the wires that

make up each wire pair.

that

STRAIGHT-THROUGH WIRING

If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and only one of the ports has an
internal crossover (MDI-X), the two pairs of wires must be straight-through.
(When auto-negotiation is enabled for any RJ-45 port on this switch, you can
use either straight-through or crossover cable to connect to any device type.)

You must connect all four wire pairs as shown in the following diagram to
support Gigabit Ethernet.

– 32 –

A

White/Orange Stripe

Orange

White/Green Stripe

Green

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

EIA/TIA 568B RJ-45 Wiring Standard

10/100BASE-TX Straight-through Cable

End A

End B

Blue

White/Blue Stripe

Brown

White/Brown Stripe

White/Orange Stripe

Orange

White/Green Stripe

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

EIA/TIA 568B RJ-45 Wiring Standard

10/100BASE-TX Crossover Cable

End A

End B

Green

Blue

White/Blue Stripe

Brown

White/Brown Stripe

Twisted-Pair Cable and Pin Assignments

PPENDIX

|

Figure 17: Straight-through Wiring

CROSSOVER WIRING

If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and either both ports are labeled
with an “X” (MDI-X) or neither port is labeled with an “X” (MDI), a crossover
must be implemented in the wiring. (When auto-negotiation is enabled for any
RJ-45 port on this switch, you can use either straight-through or crossover cable
to connect to any device type.)

You must connect all four wire pairs as shown in the following diagram to
support Gigabit Ethernet.

Figure 18: Crossover Wiring

– 33 –

A

PPENDIX

Twisted-Pair Cable and Pin Assignments

|

1000BASE-T PIN ASSIGNMENTS

All 1000BASE-T ports support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, so you can use
straight-through cables for all network connections to PCs or servers, or to other
switches or hubs.

The table below shows the 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X port pinouts. These
ports require that all four pairs of wires be connected. Note that for 1000BASE-T
operation, all four pairs of wires are used for both transmit and receive.

Use 100-ohm Category 5, 5e or 6 unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded
twisted-pair (STP) cable for 1000BASE-T connections. Also be sure
length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet)

Table 14: 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X Port Pinouts

Pin MDI Signal Name MDI-X Signal Name

1 Bi-directional Pair A Plus (BI_DA+) Bi-directional Pair B Plus (BI_DB+)

2 Bi-directional Pair A Minus (BI_DA-) Bi-directional Pair B Minus (BI_DB-)

3 Bi-directional Pair B Plus (BI_DB+) Bi-directional Pair A Plus (BI_DA+)

4 Bi-directional Pair C Plus (BI_DC+) Bi-directional Pair D Plus (BI_DD+)

5 Bi-directional Pair C Minus (BI_DC-) Bi-directional Pair D Minus (BI_DD-)

6 Bi-directional Pair B Minus (BI_DB-) Bi-directional Pair A Minus (BI_DA-)

7 Bi-directional Pair D Plus (BI_DD+) Bi-directional Pair C Plus (BI_DC+)

8 Bi-directional Pair D Minus (BI_DD-) Bi-directional Pair C Minus (BI_DC-)

that the

.

CABLE TESTING FOR EXISTING CATEGORY 5 CABLE

Installed Category 5 cabling must pass tests for Attenuation, Near-End Crosstalk
(NEXT), and Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT). This cable testing information is specified
in the ANSI/TIA/EIA-TSB-67 standard. Additionally, cables must also pass test
parameters for Return Loss and Equal-Level Far-End Crosstalk (ELFEXT). These
tests are specified in the ANSI/TIA/EIA-TSB-95 Bulletin, “The Additional
Transmission Performance Guidelines for 100 Ohm 4-Pair Category 5 Cabling.”

Note that when testing your cable installation, be sure to include all patch cables
between switches and end devices.

– 34 –

A

PPENDIX

Fiber Standards

|

ADJUSTING EXISTING CATEGORY 5 CABLING TO RUN 1000BASE-T

If your existing Category 5 installation does not meet one of the test parameters
for 1000BASE-T, there are basically three measures that can be applied to try
and correct the problem:

1. Replace any Category 5 patch cables with high-performance Category 5e or

Category 6 cables.

2. Reduce the number of connectors used in the link.

3. Reconnect some of the connectors in the link.

FIBER STANDARDS

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) has standardized various
fiber types for data networks. These are summarized in the following table.

Table 15: Fiber Standards

ITU-T
Standard

G.651 Multimode Fiber

G.652 Non-Dispersion-Shifted Fiber

G.652.C Low Water Peak Non-

G.653 Dispersion-Shifted Fiber

Description Application

50/125-micron core

Single-mode, 9/125-micron core

Dispersion-Shifted Fiber

Single-mode, 9/125-micron core

Single-mode, 9/125-micron core

– 35 –

Short-reach connections in the 1300­nm or 850-nm band

Longer spans and extended reach.
Optimized for operation in the 1310­nm band. but can also be used in the
1550-nm band

Longer spans and extended reach.
Optimized for wavelength-division
multiplexing (WDM) transmission
across wavelengths from 1285 to
1625 nm. The zero dispersion
wavelength is in the 1310-nm region.

Longer spans and extended reach.
Optimized for operation in the region
from 1500 to 1600-nm.

A

PPENDIX

Fiber Standards

Table 15: Fiber Standards (Continued)

|

ITU-T
Standard

G.654 1550-nm Loss-Minimized Fiber

G.655 Non-Zero Dispersion-Shifted

Description Application

Single-mode, 9/125-micron core

Fiber

Single-mode, 9/125-micron core

Extended long-haul applications.
Optimized for high-power
transmission in the 1500 to 1600-nm
region, with low loss in the 1550-nm
band.

Extended long-haul applications.
Optimized for high-power dense
wavelength-division multiplexing
(DWDM) operation in the region from
1500 to 1600-nm.

– 36 –

SPECIFICATIONS

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

PORTS

8 10/100BASE-TX, with auto-negotiation
2 10/100/1000BASE-T, shared with two SFP transceiver slots

NETWORK INTERFACE

Ports 1-10: RJ-45 connector, auto MDI/X

10BASE-T: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP cable; Category 3 or better)
100BASE-TX: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP cable; Category 5 or better)
1000BASE-T: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP or STP cable; Category 5, 5e or 6)
*Maximum Cable Length - 100 m (328 ft)

BUFFER ARCHITECTURE

4 Mbit packet buffer

AGGREGATE BANDWIDTH

5.6 Gbps

SWITCHING DATABASE

8K MAC address entries

LEDS

System: Power, DIAG (Diagnostic),
Port:

status (link, speed, and activity)

– 37 –

A

PPENDIX

Physical Characteristics

|

WEIGHT

0.72 kg (1.59 lbs)

SIZE

(W x D x H): 195 mm x 115 mm x 36 mm

TEMPERATURE

Operating: 0°C to 45°C (32°F to 113°F)
Storage: -40°C to 70°C (-40°F to 158°F)

HUMIDITY

Operating: 10% to 90% (non-condensing)

AC INPUT

100 to 240 V, 50-60 Hz, 0.2A

POWER SUPPLY

Internal, auto-ranging transformer: 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz

POWER CONSUMPTION

32 Watts maximum

MAXIMUM CURRENT

0.25 A @ 100 VAC

0.12 A @ 240 VAC

– 38 –

SWITCH FEATURES

FORWARDING MODE

Store-and-forward

THROUGHPUT

Wire speed

FLOW CONTROL

Full Duplex: IEEE 802.3x
Half Duplex: Back pressure

MANAGEMENT FEATURES

PPENDIX

Switch Features

|

IN-BAND MANAGEMENT

SSH, Telnet, SNMP, or HTTP

OUT-OF-BAND MANAGEMENT

RJ-45 console port

SOFTWARE LOADING

TFTP in-band, or XModem out-of-band

– 39 –

A

PPENDIX

Standards

|

STANDARDS

IEEE 802.3-2005

Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet
Full-duplex flow control
Link Aggregation Control Protocol

IEEE 802.1D -2004

Spanning Tree Protocol
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol

ISO/IEC 8802-3

– 40 –

GLOSSARY

10BASE-T

IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of Category 3, 4, or
5 UTP cable.

100BASE-TX

IEEE 802.3u specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of Category 5
UTP cable.

1000BASE-LH

Specification for long-haul Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 9/125 micron
core fiber cable.

1000BASE-LX

IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 50/125, 62.5/
125 or 9/125 micron core fiber cable.

1000BASE-SX

IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 50/125 or

62.5/125 micron core fiber cable.

1000BASE-T

IEEE 802.3ab specification for Gigabit Ethernet over 100-ohm Category 5, 5e or
6 twisted-pair cable (using all four wire pairs).

AUTO-NEGOTIATION

Signalling method allowing each node to select its optimum operational mode
(e.g., speed and duplex mode) based on the capabilities of the node to which it
is connected.

BANDWIDTH

The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies available for network
signals. Also synonymous with wire speed, the actual speed of the data
transmission along the cable.

COLLISION DOMAIN

Single CSMA/CD LAN segment.

CSMA/CD

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) is the communication
method employed by Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet.

END STATION

A workstation, server, or other device that does not forward traffic.

ETHERNET

A network communication system developed and standardized by DEC, Intel,
and Xerox, using baseband transmission, CSMA/CD access, logical bus topology,
and coaxial cable. The successor IEEE 802.3 standard provides for integration
into the OSI model and extends the physical layer and media with repeaters and
implementations that operate on fiber, thin coax and twisted-pair cable.

FAST ETHERNET

A 100 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet and the CSMA/
CD access method.

FULL DUPLEX

Transmission method that allows two network devices to transmit and receive
concurrently, effectively doubling the bandwidth of that link.

GIGABIT ETHERNET

A 1000 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet and the CSMA/
CD access method.

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

IEEE 802.3

Defines carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access
method and physical layer specifications.

IEEE 802.3AB

Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for
1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet. (Now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)

IEEE 802.3U

Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for 100BASE­TX Fast Ethernet. (Now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)

IEEE 802.3X

Defines Ethernet frame start/stop requests and timers used for flow control on
full-duplex links. (Now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)

IEEE 802.3Z

Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for 1000BASE
Gigabit Ethernet. (Now incorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)

LAN SEGMENT

Separate LAN or collision domain.

LED

Light emitting diode used for monitoring a device or network condition.

LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)

A group of interconnected computer and support devices.

MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL (MAC)

A portion of the networking protocol that governs access to the transmission
medium, facilitating the exchange of data between network nodes.

MIB

An acronym for Management Information Base. It is a set of database objects
that contains information about the device.

MODAL BANDWIDTH

Bandwidth for multimode fiber is referred to as modal bandwidth because it
varies with the modal field (or core diameter) of the fiber. Modal bandwidth is
specified in units of MHz per km, which indicates the amount of bandwidth
supported by the fiber for a one km distance.

NETWORK DIAMETER

Wire distance between two end stations in the same collision domain.

RJ-45 CONNECTOR

A connector for twisted-pair wiring.

SWITCHED PORTS

Ports that are on separate collision domains or LAN segments.

TIA

Telecommunications Industry Association

TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP/IP)

Protocol suite that includes TCP as the primary transport protocol, and IP as the
network layer protocol.

USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL (UDP)

UDP provides a datagram mode for packet-switched communications. It uses IP

as the underlying transport mechanism to provide access to IP-like services.

UDP packets are delivered just like IP packets – connection-less datagrams that
may be discarded before reaching their targets. UDP is useful when TCP would
be too complex, too slow, or just unnecessary.

UTP

Unshielded twisted-pair cable.

VIRTUAL LAN (VLAN)

A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision
domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network.
A VLAN serves as a logical workgroup with no physical barriers, allowing users to
share information and resources as though located on the same LAN.

– 46 –

Index

NUMERICS

10 Mbps connectivity rules 26
100 Mbps connectivity rules 26
1000 Mbps connectivity rules 25
1000BASE-LH fiber cable Lengths 26
1000BASE-LX fiber cable Lengths 26
1000BASE-SX fiber cable Lengths 25
1000BASE-T

pin assignments

ports 3
100BASE-TX, cable lengths 26
10BASE-T, cable lengths 26

34

A

adhesive feet, attaching 16
air flow requirements 13
applications

central wiring closet

collapsed backbone 8

remote connections with fiber 10

VLAN connections 11

9

B

buffer size 37

C

cable

Ethernet cable compatibility

fiber standards 35

labeling and connection records 27

lengths 26
cleaning fiber terminators 23
connectivity rules

console port, pin assignments 19
contents of package 15
cooling problems 30
cord sets, international 18

26

10 Mbps

100 Mbps 26

1000 Mbps 25

14

E

electrical interference, avoiding 13
equipment checklist 15
Ethernet connectivity rules 26

F

Fast Ethernet connectivity rules 26
features 39
fiber cables 23
flow control, IEEE 802.3x 3
front panel of switch 1
full duplex connectivity 7

G

Gigabit Ethernet cable lengths 25

I

IEEE 802.3x flow control 3
indicators, LED 4
installation

connecting devices to the switch
desktop or shelf mounting 15
network wiring connections 23
port connections 21, 23
power requirements 13
problems 30
rack mounting 15
site requirements 13

L

laser safety 23
LC port connections 23
LED indicators

location requirements 13

5

DIAG
PWR 5

22

D

desktop mounting 15
device connections 21

– 47 –

I

NDEX

M

management

mounting the switch

multimode fiber optic cables 23

2

agent

features 39

out-of-band 2

SNMP 2

web-based 2

in a rack

on a desktop or shelf 15

15

N

network

connections

examples 8

21, 23

O

out-of-band management 2

P

package contents 15
pin assignments 31

1000BASE-T 34

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX 32

console port 19, 20

port saturation 3
ports, connecting to 21, 23
power, connecting to 18

specifications

environmental
power 38

standards

IEEE

status LEDs 4
surge suppressor, using 13
switch architecture 2
switching method 2

40

38

T

Telnet 30
troubleshooting

in-band access
power and cooling problems 30

twisted-pair connections 21

30

V

VLANS, tagging 11

W

web-based management 2

R

rack mounting 15
rear panel of switch 1
rear panel socket 6
RJ-45 port 3

connections 21

pinouts 34

RMON 2
rubber foot pads, attaching 16

S

serial

SFP transceiver slots 3
single-mode fiber optic cables 23
site selelction 13
SNMP agent 2

2

cable

port 2

– 48 –

DG-FS4510

E012011-R02