4.0 Operation as a Handheld Analyzer (Stand-Alone Mode) page 6
4.1 Protocol Selection page 8
5.0 Operation as a Computer Interface page 9
5.0.1 USB Driver Setup page 10
5.0.2 Connection and Operation as a PC Interface page 10
page 10
page 11
6.0 Operation as a Computer Interface with the Software „moDIAG
express“
6.1 Establish a Connection page 12
6.2 The Status Screen page 12
6.3 Reading Live Data page 12
6.4 Reading and Deleting the Error Memory page 13
6.5 Acceleration Measurement page 13
6.6 Upgrade Possibility to “moDiag expert” and “professional” page 14
page 14
Appendix
Table B OBD2 Protocols page 14
Table C Error Code Composition page 15
Table D OBD Socket Layout page 15
Appendix E Readiness Code page 15
Table F Troubleshooting page 16
Table G Links and Further Reading page 16
Appendix G Hints and Maintenance page 16
Appendix J Glossary page 16
Appendix K Datasheet Scandevil Controller page 17
Appendix Y Company Information page 27
The installed boot loader makes a bios update via USB interface possible. This way, the Scandevil can be
improved and functions can be added. Special software is necessary to add updates or upgrades. Please
contact your retailer or have a look at our website www.scandevil.de. That is why it is easy to update the
Scandevil with a normal Windows PC.
1.2 Security Note
In any EU member states it is not permitted to operate this diagnostic interface while driving.
1.3 Liability Note
The manufacturer is not liable for damages which may be caused by the Diamex Scandevil and the utilized
diagnostic software.
2.0 On Board Diagnostic OBD2
(OnBoardDiagnostic) is part of the EU regulations
for newly registered and spark ignition engine
driven vehicles since 2001. Diesel vehicles were
also equipped with this modern diagnostic interface since 2004. EOBD is the European standardization of the OBD2 interface.
The norm allows different protocols to occur. However, the analyzer is able to scan and recognize
different protocols on its own. This automatic
mode is very useful because one only has to make
sure that the car has an OBD2-compatible ECU
(engine control unit).
The location of the OBD2 interface is fixed. The
norm states that it has to be located within one
meter around the driver’s seat and that it has to be
easily accessible. Unfortunately that is not always
the case. Some of the manufacturers tend to hide
their OBD2 interface behind covering. There are
databases available in the Internet which help you
to find the exact location [8].
With the help of OBD2 it is possible to perform
extensive diagnostics which span several types of
cars. It is disadvantageous that model-specific
errors do not need to be provided by the manufacturers. It is possible that specific errors cannot be
recognized by the OBD2 diagnostic and then one
has to consult special tools from the manufacturer
which can only be provided by garages.
The ECU creates different sensor readings. When
one combines them one can draw conclusions
about the functioning and condition of the vehicle.
Even the performance and different variations of
current depictions can be derived from sensor
data. Sensor data is permanently provided and
can be read by an analyzer. The sensor data is
being denoted as PID (Parameter Identifier Definition) and is being numbered with a standardized
hexadecimal number.
Error codes always indicate that there is a deviation from the normal condition of the vehicle. The
ECU automatically saves the error codes when the
deviation reaches a certain level. To simplify the
search and evaluation of the errors the ECU saves
the error environment of every saved error. These
so-called freeze-frames show, for example, which
velocity, number of revolutions and engine temperature the car had when the error was found.
Now one is able to determine which circumstances
might have caused the error to occur. In fact, one
does receive a list of data but no suggestions for a
solution.
Subsequently utilized database software generates possible solutions. It contains type-specific
and general information plus extensive instructions. This kind of software has to be updated frequently and that is why it is only useful for commercial users, for example, ”autodata“ [6].
2.1 What is OBD2 incapable of?
Airbag, ABS, maintenance interval and comfort
resets cannot be implemented with OBD2.
OBD2 analyzers are generally not suited to read or
reset security-relevant notifications or error entries.
This also relates to maintenance intervals and
comfort electronics.
Neither ABS nor airbag displays can be turned off.
Maintenance intervals are being reset by a garage
or by a specialized analyzer.
Changes of the comfort electronics can only be
performed by special manufacturer-specific aids.
These actions are not connected to OBD2. They
were purposely not included in th e OBD specifications. That is why no manufacturer has to make
the necessary commands available.
Quotation: "But garages can change it over the
OBD2 socket, too."
The OBD2 socket has lots of pins which are not
being used for OBD protocols. Usually the communication with the ABS and airbag control units
separately runs through these pins. This communication is encrypted and secured several times so
that a simple OBD2 access is impossible.
2.2 Operational Range
The main area of an OBD2 analyzer is reading the
saved error codes of the ECU and the related error
environment (freeze frames). Altogether this leads
to a dynamic evaluation of the occurred error. If an
error occurs and it is being stored in the error
memory, important sensor data at the instant of
the occurrence of the error is also being saved.
2.3 Protection of the OBD2 interface
The OBD2 interface in the vehicle is protected
very well by special protectors. It is not known of
damage which was inflicted by an inserted diagnostic device yet.
OBD-DIAG analyzers contain robust exits and
entrances that are reliable. Nevertheless one
should keep a certain order of actions to avoid
static discharges. It suffices to hold the diagnostic
device in one hand and to touch the bodywork of
the car with the other hand before
analyzer. This way no static voltage can build up.
inserting the
3.0 Manual OBD2-Analyzer Scandevil
3.1 Functioning of the Display
The OBD Analyzer is a diagnostic instrument which works with different types of
vehicles. Based on the EOBD2 specification there are
basically different approaches for a vehicle diagnostic. A
more complex diagnostic always requires a longer time
to familiarize oneself with it. This depends on the chosen
mode.
When the Scandevil is inserted in the USB or diagnostic
interface for the first time the language selection is
displayed. Please choose the language and press OK.
The menus are divided into main and submenus. Select “settings” in the main
menu. There, several parameters can be adjusted, for example, the display’s
brightness or the settings of the real time clock.
3.2 Functioning of the Keyboard
There are four buttons for an effective operation. The selectable options depend on the different menus and
are displayed above the button.
The buttons also have master functions:
• Press the right button longer – system reset and restart
• Press the button in the middle and insert a USB cable – bootloader for updates (OBD not conne cted)
• Press left button and the left button in the middle, then connect with USB or OBD – master reset,
4.0 Operation as a Handheld Analyzer (Stand-Alone Mode, Handheld Mode)
1. Firstly, locate the OBD socket of the vehicle (appendix D).
2. Now the analyser is connected to the diagnostic socket. The analyzer
boots and shows that it is ready to be operated.
3. Turn the ignition on.
4. “Start diagnostic“ with the OK button – in the automatic mode the protocol is displayed automatically and exhibited for an instant.
5. If it was successfully connected the diagnostic menu is visible.
6. Error memory, the error environment (freeze frames) and vehicle
identification number (only if supported) can be read now.
7. Start the engine.
8. Sensor data which is supported by the vehicle can be read and displayed live.
9. A graph display is freely selectable. Hint: this function will be expanded
step by step with forthcoming updates.
For error codes see appendix. “No connection to ECU“ hints at a vehicle
which is not OBD2 capable.
*) there is a peculiarity about vehicles with an empty PID list: some vehicles
display a list filled with zeros after the sensors were read. The norm states
that this condition is not allowed. That is why all PIDs can be selected after
one another. If the chosen PID does not respond with any values there is
the error message “no data“.
10. MIL=On error 1/1 means that error codes which include at least one severe error were saved.
11. Error codes (DTC) can be selected individually then. The error text is exhibited on the display. The error text of approximately 15,000 error codes is included. Errors which are only displayed as codes
can be identified with the help of an error code list (see table or Internet database).
12. The error environment variables for every single error are saved in the error memory. Thereby one
can recognize at which point of time and under which conditions (environment) the error appeared for
the first time. Every error can be related to several of these variables. With buttons 1 and 2 once can
scroll through “freeze frames“ for the respective error.
13. After the error was fixed physically the error memory can be reset and therewith deleted. Please note
appendix E: readiness code.
• 0: car – automatic mode – recommended type of operation
• By using >> the manual mode can be selected.
In the manual mode the following protocols can be pre-selected:
• 1: J1850 PWM
• 2: J1850 VPWM
• 3: ISO9141-2
• 4: KWP2000 5-Baud (slow init)
• 5: KWP2000 fast (fast init)
• 6: CAN 11b/500kb
• 7: CAN 29b/500kb
• 8: CAN 11b/250kb
• 9: CAN 29b/250kb
Hint: Some manufacturers only enable reading the vehicle identification number if the ignition is turned on and
the engine was not started.
Measuring the battery voltage is
possible in the menu “system
info“.
5.0 Operation as a Computer Interface
5.0.1 USB Driver Setup
Windows XP, Win7 compatible
Attention! Please load the latest driver ”Scandevil.inf“ at your retailer or at www.scandevil.de. Save
the file to your desktop. Then the Scandevil can be inserted into the notebook via USB cable.
Select the item “PC interface mode“ in the main menu and press the OK button. Now the Scandevil is found
by Windows.
Attention: Windows installs a virtual driver for a COM interface. Even if the laptop does not have a COM interface, one is displayed in the device manager. It is problematic that Windows selects the next unused number
according to the internal database. This number is only known in rare cases. But to establish a communication link it is necessary to check the exact COM port number in the device manager:
Please open the device manager (Windows Control Panel), and selects the COM ports. There is the number
of the COM port mentioned in brackets. Add this COM port to the user programs. If there is the error message
„COM-Port not found“ or „Interface not responding“ in the user software, please read the additional information provided on the CD or on the Internet.
5.0.2 Connection and Operation as a PC Interface
Insert the OBD2 interface cable into the OBD2 socket of the vehicle. Now connect the Scandevil to the laptop’s USB 2.0 interface.
1. Now switch the laptop on and boot it. Start the already installed diagnostic software e.g. ”moDIAG“ [2] and, thereafter, turn the ignition on. Please pay attention to the fact that data is only
being exchanged when the ignition is turned on. To receive sensor data which can be evaluated one partly needs a running engine.
2. Please pay attention to the configuration instructions of the software, especially the right configuration of the virtual serial port – if necessary use the illustrated manual. Usually the software displays the recognized analyzer.
3. Depending on the extent of functions of the utilized software one can now read the vehicle
data, get to know about error messages and codes and if necessary delete the error memory.
Please pay attention to the instructions of the software or use its built-in help.
4. Please give serious consideration to clearing the error memory of a vehicle because it may
contain important data about the driving behavior. The vehicle has to “re-learn“ this and it will
only be restored after several kilometers. Please note the instructions about the readiness
code in appendix E.
6.0 Operation as a Computer Interface with the Software “moDIAG express“
To utilize the analyzer as OBD2-capable computer
interface select the “PC
interface mode“. Please
read the instructions in
5.0.
The ideal software for
the analyzer is “moDiag
express” or “expert”
which is decribed in
more detail below.
“moDiag express” is an
OBD scan software
which can read and
visualize live data from
the ECU in connection with the Scandevil. It can also
read and delete the error memory as well as reading
the status of the internal vehicle surveillance of the
exhaust gas-relevant components. Additionally,
“moDiag express" provides a wizard to measure
acceleration (0 – 100 km/h).
6.0 Establish a Connection
First one has to enter into the program with which
interface the analyzer is used. Start “moDiag” and
open the “settings“ menu by selecting the item “settings” in the upper toolbar. There “moDiag” displays
http://www.scandevil.de
all COM interfaces found during the start in a list. Select the interface where your analyzer is inserted.
Clicking on „save“ saves this setting permanently.
Before starting “moDiag” the USB driver of the analyzer has to be installed. Please follow the manufacturer’s instructions. After installing the driver continue
as described above to select the interface.
Another important setting is the baud rate. This setting
is irrelevant to the Scandevil. It is always transmitted
with the highest possible data rate to the PC.
When everything is set correctly one can connect it to
the vehicle. The analyzer has to be connected to the
OBD2 socket of the vehicle (usually in the floor room
on the driver’s side or at the central console e.g. underneath the ashtray). Now turn the ignition on. Then
click on “connect” in “moDiag”. In the “communication
status“ area “moDiag” displays the establishment of
the connection link. First the analyzer is reset and
searches for the protocol employed by the vehicle.
As soon as the protocol is found the amount of responding ECUs is determined (Usually one, the
ECU. At automatic vehicles often also the gearbox
control unit). Then “moDiag” requests the status of
the “On Board Surveillance“, possibly saved diagnostic errors and the vehicle identification. Not all
vehicles display the VIN via the OBD interface. With
some vehicles it is only displayed if the ignition is
turned on but the engine is not running.
6.2 The Status Screen
To read live data from the vehicle, click on the icon
“sensor data“ in the left toolbar. Then you will see a
screen with four tabs. The first tab „table“ contains a
table displaying all sensors supported by the currently
selected ECU. To read one of these sensors mark the
sensor with a checkmark next to its designation. “moDiag” then immediately begins to read. To read all
sensors simultaneously click on the small box in the
heading. “moDiag” displays the values in the column
“current value“. At the same time it calculates the average, the minimum and maximum value of the sensors.
A distinctive feature is the checkbox „scan sensors
supported by the vehicle only“. If it is deactivated in the
After the connection to the vehicle was established
the “moDiag” status screen displays the following
information: status of the MIL (Malfunction Indicator Lamp), the amount of errors saved by the vehicle,
the status of the running surveillance of exhaust gasrelevant components and the vehicle identification.
Important: the displayed informationen are always
related to the ECU selected in the list “ECU“! Reading the status of another ECU one has to select it in
the list and the status screen is refreshed.
The status of the running surveillance is important
for an OBD exhaust gas examination! All tests supported by the vehicle have to be completed to pass
inspections.
6.3 Reading Live Data
http://www.scandevil.de
table and all other displays at the tabs there are all
possible OBD norm sensors offered. No matter
whether the vehicle supports them or not. These sensors can then be examined by “moDiag”. Usually the
vehicle only answers to sensors which are supported.
The tab “display“ contains three digital displays which
make the display of the sensor values readable more
easily. With the list box above the displays the sensors
which are supposed to be read can be set for the display. The procedure starts immediately.
If the timeline of live data is supposed to be displayed
the third tab “diagram“ is helpful. There are two diagrams available. The displayed value has to be selected in the list box above the diagram.
The fourth tab “PID settings“ enables the individual
configuration of the sensors. So one can set the minimum and maximum values for the diagram display as
well as the priority of the sensors. The priority can be
set between 1 and 3. A priority of 1 means that the
sensor is checked in every run. A priority of 3 means
that the sensor is checked in every 12
changed at “settings“). Generally, sensors with slowlychanging values e.g. the cooling water temperature
should be checked with priority 3 so other sensors
whose values change more rapidly (e.g. rpm) can be
refreshed more often.
One of the main functions of “moDiag” consists of
reading and deleting the error memory of the vehicle. Click on the icon “error codes“ in the left toolbar.
There are two tabs. The first one shows “moDiag” in
the upper box the “saved diagnostic error codes“
and in the lower one the “upcoming error codes“.
Saved error codes are the errors which lead to a litup MIL because they last for several driving cycles
and depict permanent errors. The upcoming errors
are the ones which only appeared in one driving
cycle and wait to be either be deleted again because
they do not appear again or become saved errors
because they appear again.
The tab “freeze frame data“ displays in which parameters (rpm, velocity etc.) an error occurred. This
can be helpful throughout the diagnostic. To read the
data the button “read“ has to be selected. In the
upper area the error which led to the saving of the
parameters is displayed. In the table underneath
there are the parameters which were saved. With
the “frame“ box several sets of parameters can be
read while the OBD norms only dictate the frame 0
(a set of parameters).
With the help of the button “delete“ all saved errors
of the vehicle can be deleted. This should be done
carefully! All freeze frame data and the status of the
on-board surveillance (status screen) is reset. This
can lead to not passing an inspection right after deleting the error memory because the vehicle cannot
finish its internal tests.
6.5 Acceleration Measurement
Appendix
“moDiag” provides a wizard to measure acceleration.
Simply click on the image of the checkered flag. If
there is no connection to the vehicle yet “moDiag” will
establish it. The wizard measures the time needed
from 0 to 100 km/h. Click on “start” while there is an
established link and a stationary vehicle. The measurement starts automatically as soon as the vehicle is
moving and ends automatically when 100 km/h are
reached. Then the period of time in-between is displayed. Please note item “1.2 Security Note“.
6.6 Upgrade Possibility to “moDiag expert” and
“professional”
“moDiag expert” contains some interesting extra features. There are two further wizards for a fuel consumption display and a performance measurement.
The acceleration wizard permits the free selection of
the velocity at the beginning and end. Moreover, there
are additional digital displays and diagrams available
and there is the possibility to record the sensor values
as *.csv files, e.g. to analyze them later with a spreadsheet. This version can also create and print diagnostic reports.
Especially for garages which are specialized in retrofitting vehicles to gas-fuelled engines the “moDiag professional” version offers some special functions to
facilitate adjusting LPG devices in OBD vehicles. It is
compatible with all widely-known adjustment programs
for LPG devices. It contains a powerful database to
completely record the retrofitting.
Protocol Norm Designation Data Rate Characteristics
PWM SAE J1850 41.600 baud very fast data transfer and connection
VPWM SAE J1850 10.400 baud susceptible to interferences
ISO9141-2 ISO9141-2 10.400 baud slow data transfer and connection
KWP2000 5-Baud ISO14230 10.400 baud slow data transfer and connection
KWP2000 fast ISO14230-4 10.400 baud slow data transfer, fast connection
CAN 11b/500kb ISO15765-4 500.000 baud very fast and secure
CAN 29b/500kb ISO15765-4 500.000 baud very fast and secure
CAN 11b/250kb ISO15765-4 250.000 baud very fast and secure
CAN 29b/250kb ISO15765-4 250.000 baud very fast and secure
PWM is mainly included in Ford and Mazda models (petrol cars) built from 1997 to 2003. VPWM was employed in Japan and the USA from 1996 to about 2003. ISO and KWP 2000 are the main protocols in Europe
– petrol cars employ it from about 2000 and diesel cars from 2003. CAN can be found in middle or high class
vehicles from about 2005 on. Opel employs OBD2 from about 2002, respectively 2004 (diesel).
In Europe OBD2 is mandatory for new vehicles from 2001 respectively 2004 (diesel vehicles). Some vehicle
manufacturers had special authorization to delay the use of OBD2.
There are many exceptions. An Internet database is usually very helpful [4].
From 2008 on CAN is the only protocol permitted because of its resistance to interference.
Table C Error Code Composition
The composition and designation of the error codes DTC (diagnostic trouble codes) according to SAE-J2012:
P 01 1 0
Bx – vehicle body
Cx – chassis
Px – engine
Ux – netzwork communication
X designates sub-categories
0,1, 2, or 3
e.g. P1xxxx
designates a special error
code of the vehicle manufacturer
P0,2,3 are cross-platform error
designations.
There is a list available on the Internet [5]
Table D OBD Socket Layout
origin of the error
As an example for the P0 engine:
1. fuel / air / lambda probes
2. air intake and pressure systems
3. ignition system, misfire co ntrol
4. emission and exhaust gas control
5. vehicle velocity and braki ng con-
6. engine management / board
7. gearbox / hydraulic sensors
8. gearbox / hydraulic pressuree
9. automatic gearbox
trol system
computer
error number (hexadecimal)
e.g. P0110
intake air temperature circuit
1 *
2 PWM+ / VPWM
3 * e.g. airbag
4 Chassis GND
5 Signal GND
6 CAN-High
7 K-Line
8 * e.g. service interval
9 *
10 PWM11 *
12 * e.g. ABS
13 *
14 CAN-Low
15 L-Line
16 on-board voltage (12V)
Appendix E Readiness Code
To make sure that all exhaust gas relevant components work correctly and there is a permanent test, there
are flags set in the ECU. To examine all surveillance sensors in the
vehicle these sensor s report after deleting the error memory and the
MIL with a bit in a fixed digital sequence. Sensors which are not part of
this, are not reported by the ECU and, therefore, no flag is set. Shortly
after the deletion all existing check sensors are visible. Every sensor
goes through a special customized program while driving afterwards.
As a consequence, there is an analysis within or outside of the
comparison value. If the values are within tolerance the flag is taken
out and the bit for the check is reset to zero. So the flags vanish one
after each other while driving until the complete examination sequence
is reset to zero. Then the driving cycle is completed. The readiness
code now allows to judge whether the the vehicle was moved a longer
distance, e.g. before an inspection. Only if all tests were completed
properly the error memory is considered a valid criterion.
If the error memory is deleted pre-emptively before a vehicle inspection it is possible that the vehicle does not pass the inspection because
not all self-checks were conducted and electronically recorded
properly. Do not use the analyzer to delete the error memory shortly before a technical inspection. To create a valid readiness code it generally suffices to drive approximately 40 km.
Table F Troubleshooting
Error Characteristics
PC interface
does not work
Designation
Error Message Troubleshooting
the software
says „Com-Port
not found”
• Check the USB driver installation. Check whether the virtual COM
port in the device manager and in the user software match.
• Simple test without vehicle: open the device manager -> connection
-> communication link -> The USB serial port (COM XX) has to be
registered when the device is disconnected from the USB interface
and it is re-connected afterwards. Enter the COM port XX in the
user software.
[1] http://www.scandevil.de current information, update tool and PC driver
[2] http://www.modiag.de software download “moDIAG”
[3] http://www.scantool.net software download “Scantool”
[4] http://www.obd-diag.com software download “OBD-DIAG”, “moDIAG”
http://www.blafusel.de/misc/obd2_scanned.php
[5]
[6] http://www.autodata-deutschland.com information about the software “Autodata”
[7] “Fahrzeugdiagnose mit OBD” Florian Schäffer, published by Elektor, German, ISBN
[8] http://obdclearinghouse.com/oemdb/ OBD2 socket locations in the vehicles
Appendix H Hints and Maintenance
The device can be operated within a temperature range from -18 to +60 degrees Celsius.
Opening the device leads to a loss of guarantee.
Appendix J Glossary
DLC Data Link Connector
DTC Diagnostic Trouble Codes
Freezeframes Error environment saved when an error occurs
MIL Malfunction Indication Lamp (yellow)
OBD On-Board Diagnostic
EOBD European OBD norm
Appendix Y Company Information
the analyzer
says “no connection to
ECU”
• The vehicle is not OBD2-capable
• Timeout problem – start the engine, insert the analyzer, conduct the