DFI NB78-BL, NB78-BC User Manual

NB78-BC
NB78-BL
Rev. A+
System Board Users Manual
Carte Mère Manuel Pour Utilisateur
System-Platine Benutzerhandbuch Manual del Usuario de Placas Base
935-NB7801-000
Copyright
This publication contains information that is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any transformation/adaptation without the prior written permission from the copyright holders.
This publication is provided for informational purposes only. The manufacturer makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents or use of this manual and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. The user will assume the entire risk of the use or the results of the use of this document. Fur ther, the manufacturer reserves the right to revise this publication and make changes to its contents at any time, without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revisions or changes.
© 2002. All Rights Reserved.
Trademarks
Windows® 98 SE, Windows® ME, Windows® 2000, Windows NT
4.0 and Windows® XP are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Intel® and Pentium® 4 are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. Award is a registered trademark of Award Software, Inc. Other trademarks and registered trademarks of products appearing in this manual are the properties of their respective holders.
Caution
To avoid damage to the system:  Use the correct AC input voltage range.
To reduce the risk of electric shock:  Unplug the power cord before removing the system chassis
cover for installation or ser vicing. After installation or servicing, cover the system chassis before plugging the power cord.
®
Battery:  Danger of explosion if battery incorrectly replaced.  Replace only with the same or equivalent type recommend by
the manufacturer.
 Dispose of used batteries according to the battery
manufacturers instructions.
Joystick or MIDI port:  Do not use any joystick or MIDI device that requires more than
10A current at 5V DC . There is a risk of fire for devices that exceed this limit.
FCC and DOC Statement on Class B
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to tr y to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.  Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.  Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from
that to which the receiver is connected.
 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for
help.
Notice:
1. The changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
2. Shielded interface cables must be used in order to comply with the emission limits.
Guide
Quick Setup
Quick Setup Guide
Table of Contents
Chapter 1
Quick Setup Guide.............................................
Chapter 2
5
English......................................................................
Chapter 3
Français (French).................................................
Chapter 4
Deutsch (German)................................................
Chapter 5
Español (Spanish)..................................................
23
38
54
70
Important:
This users manual is for the NB78-BC and NB78-BL system boards. The only difference between these boards is the NB78-BL system board supports onboard LAN
4
Quick Setup Guide
Chapter 1 - Quick Setup Guide
Table of Contents
1.1 System Board Layout..................................................................................................
1.2 Jumpers.....................................................................................................................................
Guide
6
8
Quick Setup
1.3 Real Panel I/O Ports ...............................................................................................
1.4 I/O Connectors...............................................................................................................
1.5 Award BIOS Setup Utility.......................................................................................
9
13
19
Note:
The users manual in the provided CD contains detailed information about the system board. If, in some cases, some information doesnt match those shown in this manual, this manual should always be regarded as the most updated version.
5
Quick Setup Guide
1.1 System Board Layout
Guide
Quick Setup
KB
Mouse
USB 1
USB 2
COM 1 (CN6)
COM 2 (CN2)
Line
out
(CN3)
Line
in
(CN4)
Mic
in
(CN5)
Game/MIDI (CN9)
IrDA (J3)
I/O
chip
BIOS
Front audio (J1)
2
10
1
9
AC’97
CN1
CN7
Parallel (CN8)
2
4
CD-in (J5)
S/PDIF-out (J4)
CPU fan (J8)
1
+12V power
3
(ATXP1)
CPU FSB select (JP1)
PCI Slot 1
PCI Slot 2
PCI Slot 3
PCI Slot 4
PCI Slot 5
PCI Slot 6
Wake-On-LAN
AGP Slot
IDE 1 (J10)
IDE 2 (J11)
FDD (J12)
(J9)
Intel
845PE
MCH
Second fan (J15)
DDR 1
Socket 478
DIMM Standby
1
10
2
2
1
1
9
USB 5/6
USB 3/4
(JUSB1)
(JUSB2)
Power LED
Intel
ICH4
Clear CMOS
Chassis fan
10
(J14)
19
9
20
G-SW
SPEAKER
G-LED
DDR 2
10
1
AT X
power
(PL1)
(JP2)
Battery
RESET
ATX-SW
20
11
HD-LED
1
2
PWR-LED
J16
NB78-BC
6
Quick Setup Guide
KB
Mouse
USB 1
USB 2
Line
out
(CN3)
Line
in
(CN4)
Mic
in
(CN5)
Game/MIDI (CN9)
IrDA (J3)
chip
BIOS
Front audio (J1)
2
10
1
9
AC’97
CN1
LAN
CPU fan (J8)
CN7
COM 1 (CN6)
Parallel (CN8)
2
4
COM 2 (CN2)
Realtek
RTL8100
I/O
CD-in (J5)
S/PDIF-out (J4)
1
+12V power
3
(ATXP1)
CPU FSB select (JP1)
AGP Slot
PCI Slot 1
PCI Slot 2
PCI Slot 3
PCI Slot 4
PCI Slot 5
PCI Slot 6
Wake-On-LAN
Intel
845PE
MCH
IDE 1 (J10)
IDE 2 (J11)
FDD (J12)
(J9)
Second fan (J15)
DDR 1
Socket 478
DIMM Standby
1
10
2
2
1
1
9
USB 3/4
USB 5/6
(JUSB1)
(JUSB2)
Power LED
Intel
ICH4
Clear CMOS
Chassis fan
10
(J14)
19
9
20
G-SW
SPEAKER
G-LED
DDR 2
10
1
AT X
power
(PL1)
(JP2)
Battery
RESET
ATX-SW
20
11
HD-LED
1
2
PWR-LED
Guide
Quick Setup
J16
NB78-BL
(Supports onboard LAN)
Note:
The illustrations on the following pages are based on the system board that supports onboard LAN.
7
Guide
Quick Setup Guide
1.2 Jumpers
1.2.1 Clear CMOS Data - JP2
Quick Setup
3
12
Clear CMOS
(JP2)
1.2.2 CPUs Front Side Bus - JP1
3
2
1
CPU FSB select
(JP1)
12 3
12 3
3
1-2 On: Auto
2
(default)
1
3
2-3 On: 100MHz
2
1
1-2 On: Normal (default)
2-3 On: Clear CMOS Data
3
2
All Off: 133MHz
1
Important:
Overclocking may result in the processors or systems instability and is not guaranteed to provide better system performance.
8
1.3 Rear Panel I/O Ports
Quick Setup Guide
PS/2
Mouse
PS/2
K/B
PS/2
Mouse
PS/2
K/B
RJ45 LAN
USB 2/1 COM 1
ATX Double Deck Ports on NB78-BL
USB 2
USB 1
COM 1 COM 2
ATX Double Deck Ports on NB78-BC
Parallel GAME/MIDI
COM 2
Parallel
Line-
Line-inMic-
out
GAME/MIDI
Line-
Line-inMic-
out
Guide
Quick Setup
in
in
9
Quick Setup Guide
1.3.1 PS/2 Mouse and PS/2 Keyboard Ports
Guide
Quick Setup
PS/2 Mouse
CN1
PS/2 Keyboard
Make sure to turn off your computer prior to connecting or disconnecting a mouse or keyboard. Failure to do so may damage the system board.
1.3.2 Universal Serial Bus Ports and LAN Port
RJ45 LAN
USB 2 USB 1
CN7
10
Additional USB Ports (USB 3 to USB 6)
1 5V_Dul 2 5V_Dul 3 Data- 4 Data­5 Data+ 6 Data+ 7 Ground 8 Ground
9 Key 10 OC-
2 1
USB 3/4
(JUSB1)
Important:
Only the NB78-BL system board supports onboard LAN.
10
10
2
2
1
1
9
9
10
2
9
1
USB 5/6
(JUSB2)
10
9
1.3.3 Serial Ports
Quick Setup Guide
COM 1
Serial Port
1.3.4 Parallel Port
Parallel Port
COM 2
Serial Port
CN6
CN2
CN8
Guide
Quick Setup
11
Guide
Quick Setup
Quick Setup Guide
1.3.5 Audio Jacks and Game/MIDI ports
Game Port
Line-out
Line-in
Mic-in
CN9
2
10
1
9
2 1
Front audio
(J1)
10
9
Front Audio (J1)
1 Mic+ 2 Ground 3 Vbias 4 AuD_Vcc (Avcc) 5 AuD_R_Out 6 N. C. 7 N. C. 8 Key
9 AuD_L_Out 10 N. C.
12
1.4 I/O Connectors
1.4.1 CD-in Internal Audio Connectors
Quick Setup Guide
CD-in
1 Left audio channel 2 Ground 3 Ground 4 Right audio channel
1.4.2 S/PDIF-out Connector
1 AVDD5 2 N. C. 3 SPDIF 4 Ground
4
3 2 1
CD-in
(J5)
Guide
Quick Setup
1234
S/PDIF-out
(J4)
13
Guide
Quick Setup
Quick Setup Guide
1.4.3 Floppy & IDE Disk Drive Connector
34
33
40
IDE 1 (J10)
39
40
IDE 2 (J11)
39
FDD (J12)
2 1
2 1
1
2
1
If you encountered problems while using an ATAPI CD-ROM drive that is set in Master mode, please set the CD-ROM drive to Slave mode. Some ATAPI CD-ROMs may not be recognized and cannot be used if incorrectly set in Master mode.
1.4.4 IrDA Connector
1 VCC 2 N. C. 3 IRRX 4 Ground 5 IRTX
1234
5
IrDA (J3)
14
The sequence of the pin functions on some IrDA cable may be reversed from the pin function defined on the system board. Make sure to connect the cable to the IrDA connector according to their pin functions.
1.4.5 Fan Connector
Quick Setup Guide
3
2
1
CPU fan
(J8)
CPU Fan
1 Ground 2 Power 3N. C.
Chassis Fan
1 Ground 2 Power 3N. C.
3
2
1
Second fan
(J15)
3
2
1
Chassis fan
(J14)
Second Fan
1 Ground 2 Power 3N. C.
Guide
Quick Setup
15
Guide
Quick Setup
Quick Setup Guide
1.4.6 Wake-On-LAN Connector
1WOL 2 Ground 3 +5VSB
3
21
Wake-On-LAN
(J9)
The 5VSB power source of your power supply must support ≥720mA.
1.4.7 DIMM Standby Power LED
16
DIMM Standby Power LED
If the DIMM Standby Power LED is lighted, you must power-off the system then turn off the power supplys switch or unplug the power cord prior to installing any memory modules.
1.4.8 Power Connectors
Quick Setup Guide
1
2
3
4
+12V power
(ATXP1)
2
4
ATX Main Power Connector
Pin
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
Function
3.3V
3.3V Ground +5V Ground +5V Ground PW-OK 5VSB +12V
Pin
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Function
3.3V
-12V Ground PS-ON Ground Ground Ground
-5V +5V +5V
1
20
Guide
Quick Setup
11
(PL1)
10
20
1
3
10
11
1
ATX po we r
+12V Power Connector
Pin
1
2 3 4
Function
Ground Ground +12V +12V
17
Guide
Quick Setup
Quick Setup Guide
1.4.9 Front Panel Connectors
HD-LED
RESET
SPEAKER
19
Front panel
connectors (J16)
20
G-SW
G-LED
ATX-SW
If a system did not boot-up and the Power/Standby LED did not light after it was powered-on, it may indicate that the CPU or memory module was not installed properly. Please make sure they are properly inserted into their corresponding socket.
PWR-LED
1 2
18
HD-LED
(Primary/Secondary IDE LED)
G-LED
(Green LED)
ATX-SW
(ATX power switch)
G-SW
(Green switch)
RESET
(Reset switch)
SPEAKER
(Speaker connector)
PWR-LED
(Power/Standby LED)
Pin
Pin Assignment
3
HDD LED Power
5
HDD
14
Green LED Power
16
Ground
8
PWRBT+
10
PWRBT-
18
Ground
20
SMI
7
Ground
9
H/W Reset
13
Speaker Data
15
N. C.
17
Ground
19
Speaker Power
2
LED Power (+)
4
LED Power (+)
6
LED Power (-) or Standby Signal
1.5 Award BIOS Setup Utility
1.5.1 Main Menu
Quick Setup Guide
Phoenix - AwardBIOS CMOS Setup Utility
Standard CMOS Features
Advanced BIOS Features
Advanced Chipset Features
Integrated Peripherals
Power Management Setup
PnP/PCI Configurations
CPU Frequency Control
: Quit
Esc F10
: Save & Exit Setup
Time, Date, Hard Disk Type...
1.5.2 Standard CMOS Features
Phoenix - AwardBIOS CMOS Setup Utility
Standard CMOS Features
Date (mm:dd:yy) Time (hh:mm:ss)
K
IDE Primary Master
K
IDE Primary Slave
K
IDE Secondary Master
K
IDE Secondary Slave Drive A
Drive B Video
Halt On Base Memory
Extended Memory Total Memory
Tue, Aug 6 2002 4 : 35 : 5
Press Enter None Press Enter None Press Enter None Press Enter None
1.44M, 3.5 in. None
EGA/VGA All, But Keyboard
640K 129024K 130048K
Load Fail-Safe Defaults
Load Optimized Defaults
Set Supervisor Password
Set User Password
Save & Exit Setup
Exit Without Saving
↑↓→←
: Select Item
Menu Level Change the day, month,
year and century
Guide
Quick Setup
Item Help
↑↓→← Move
Enter:Select
F5:Previous Values
+/-/PU/PD:Value
F6:Fail-Safe Defaults F7:Optimized Defaults
F10:Save
ESC:Exit
F1:General Help
The settings on the screen are for reference only. Your version may not be identical to this one.
19
Guide
Quick Setup
Quick Setup Guide
1.5.3 Advanced BIOS Features
Phoenix - AwardBIOS CMOS Setup Utility
Advanced BIOS Features
BIOS Flash Protect Virus Warning CPU L1 & L2 Cache Quick Power On Self Test First Boot Device Second Boot Device Third Boot Device Boot Other Device Swap Floppy Drive Boot Up Floppy Seek Boot Up NumLock Status Typematic Rate Setting
Typematic Rate (Chars/Sec)
X
Typematic Delay (Msec)
X
Security Option APIC Mode MPS Version Control For OS OS Select For DRAM > 64MB HDD S.M.A.R.T. Capability Full Screen Logo Show Small Logo (EPA) Show
↑↓→← Move
F5:Previous Values
Disabled Disabled Enabled Fast Floppy CDROM HDD-0 Enabled Disabled Enabled On Disabled
6 250
Setup Disabled
1.4 Non-OS2 Disabled Enabled Enabled
+/-/PU/PD:Value F10:Save ESC:Exit
F6:Fail-Safe Defaults F7:Optimized Defaults
The screen above list all the fields available in the Advanced BIOS Features submenu, for ease of reference in this manual. In the actual CMOS setup, you have to use the scroll bar to view the fields. The settings on the screen are for reference only. Your version may not be identical to this one.
1.5.4 Advanced Chipset Features
Item Help
Menu Level Allows you to choose
the VIRUS warning feature for IDE Hard Disk boot sector protection. If this function is enabled and someone attempt to write data into this area, BIOS will show a warning message on screen and alarm beep
F1:General HelpEnter:Select
20
Phoenix - AwardBIOS CMOS Setup Utility
Advanced Chipset Features
DRAM Timing Selectable
X
CAS Latency Time
X
Active to Precharge Delay
X
DRAM RAS# to CAS# Delay
X
DRAM RAS# Precharge
Memory Enhancement Memory Frequency For System BIOS Cacheable Video BIOS Cacheable Delayed Transaction AGP Aperture Size (MB) AGP 4X Mode
↑↓→← Move
F5:Previous Values
By SPD
3 7 3 3
Disabled Auto Disabled Disabled Enabled 64 Enabled
+/-/PU/PD:Value
F6:Fail-Safe Defaults F7:Optimized Defaults
F10:Save
ESC:Exit
Item Help
Menu Level
F1:General HelpEnter:Select
The settings on the screen are for reference only. Your version may not be identical to this one.
1.5.5 Integrated Peripherals
Phoenix - AwardBIOS CMOS Setup Utility
Integrated Peripherals
K
INTEL OnChip IDE Device
K
INTEL OnChip PCI Device
K
Onboard Super IO Device USB Controller USB Keyboard Support Init Display First
Press Enter Press Enter Press Enter USB 2.0 Disabled Disabled AGP
Quick Setup Guide
Item Help
Menu Level
Guide
Quick Setup
↑↓→← Move
F5:Previous Values
+/-/PU/PD:Value
F6:Fail-Safe Defaults F7:Optimized Defaults
F10:Save
ESC:Exit
The settings on the screen are for reference only. Your version may not be identical to this one.
1.5.6 Power Management Setup
Phoenix - AwardBIOS CMOS Setup Utility
Power Management Setup
ACPI Function ACPI Suspend Type Power Management Video Off Method Video Off In Suspend Suspend Mode HDD Power Down Soft-Off By PWR-BTTN PWR Lost Resume State
K
PM Wake Up Events
↑↓→← Move
F5:Previous Values
The settings on the screen are for reference only. Your version may not be identical to this one.
Enabled S1(POS) User Define V/H SYNC+Blank Yes Disabled Disabled Instant-Off Keep Off Press Enter
+/-/PU/PD:Value
F6:Fail-Safe Defaults F7:Optimized Defaults
F10:Save
Menu Level
ESC:Exit
F1:General HelpEnter:Select
Item Help
F1:General HelpEnter:Select
21
Guide
Quick Setup
Quick Setup Guide
1.5.7 PnP/PCI Configurations
Phoenix - AwardBIOS CMOS Setup Utility
PnP/PCI Configurations
Reset Configuration Data Resources Controlled By
X
IRQ Resources
PCI/VGA Palette Snoop
* PCI IRQ Assignment *
Slot 1,5 Onboard LAN/Slot 2,6 Slot 3 Slot 4
Disabled Auto(ESCD)
Press Enter
Disabled
Auto Auto Auto Auto
Item Help
Menu Level Default is Disabled.
Select Enabled to reset Extended System Configuration Data (ESCD) when you exit Setup if you have installed a new add-on and the system reconfiguration has caused such a serious conflict that the OS cannot boot.
↑↓→← Move
F5:Previous Values
+/-/PU/PD:Value
F6:Fail-Safe Defaults F7:Optimized Defaults
F10:Save
ESC:Exit
The settings on the screen are for reference only. Your version may not be identical to this one.
1.5.8 CPU Frequency Control
CMOS Setup Utility - Copyright (C) 1984-2000 Award Software
CPU Clock Ratio Auto Detect PCI Clk Spread Spectrum Modulated Clock By Slight Adjust PCI/AGP Clock Adjust
↑↓→← Move
Enter:Select
F5:Previous Values
The settings on the screen are for reference only. Your version may not be identical to this one.
CPU Frequency Control
X 8 Enabled Enabled 100MHz Auto
+/-/PU/PD:Value F10:Save
F6:Fail-Safe Defaults
Menu Level
F7:Optimized Defaults
F1:General HelpEnter:Select
Item Help
F1:General HelpESC:Exit
22
Chapter 2 - English
Table of Contents
English
2.1 Features and Specifications.....................................................................................
2.2 Supported Softwares...................................................................................................
2.3 Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................
Package Checklist
The system board package contains the following items:
þ The system board þ A users manual þ One IDE cable for ATA/33, ATA/66 or ATA/100 IDE drives þ One 34-pin floppy disk drive cable þ One Main Board Utility CD
If any of these items are missing or damaged, please contact your dealer or sales representative for assistance.
24
31
34
English
Note:
The users manual in the provided CD contains detailed information about the system board. If, in some cases, some information doesnt match those shown in this manual, this manual should always be regarded as the most updated version.
23
English
English
2.1 Features and Specifications
2.1.1 Features
Chipset
 Intel® 845PE chipset
- Intel® 845PE Graphics Memory Controller Hub (MCH)
- Intel® 82801DB I/O Controller Hub (ICH4)
Processor
The system board is equipped with Socket 478 for installing a Pentium® 4 process or Celeron® processor.
 Intel® Pentium® 4 processor (478-pin)
- 533MHz system data bus - supports up to 2.53 GHz CPU
speed
- 400MHz system data bus - supports up to 2.4 GHz CPU speed
 Intel® Celeron® processor (478-pin)
- 400MHz system data bus - supports up to 1.8 GHz CPU speed
24
System Memory
 Two 184-pin DDR SDRAM DIMM sockets  2.5V unbuffered PC1600 (DDR200) / PC2100 (DDR266) /
PC2700 (DDR333) DDR SDRAM DIMM
 Supports maximum of 2GB system memory using 64Mbit,
128Mbit, 256Mbit or 512Mbit technology
- Double-sided x16 DDR SDRAM DIMM is not suppor ted
Density
Density Width
Single/Double
184-pin DDR
X8
SS/DS
64/128MB
64 Mbit
X16
SS/DS
32MB/NA
128 Mbit
X8
SS/DS
128/256MB
X16
SS/DS
64MB/NA
256 Mbit
X8
SS/DS
256/512MB
X16
SS/DS
128MB/NA
512 Mbit
X8
SS/DS
512/1024MB
X16
SS/DS
256MB/NA
English
Expansion Slots
The system board is equipped with 1 AGP slot and 6 PCI slots.
Important:
Most PCI cards today are in Master mode and can be installed anywhere between PCI slot 1 and PCI slot 5. DO NOT install Master mode PCI cards onto PCI slot 6 because this slot only supports Slave mode.
The AGP slot only supports 1.5V AGP 4x (1066MB/sec. bandwidth) add-in cards. AGP is an interface designed to support high performance 3D graphics cards for 3D graphics applications. It handles large amounts of graphics data with the following features:
 Pipelined memory read and write operations that hide memory
access latency.
 Demultiplexing of address and data on the bus for nearly 100
percent efficiency.
Onboard Audio Features
 16-bit stereo full-duplex codec with independent variable sam-
pling rate  High quality differential CD input  True stereo line level outputs  2-channel audio output
English
Onboard LAN Features (NB78-BL only)
 Uses Realtek RTL8100 fast ethernet controller  Integrated IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX compatible
PHY  32-bit PCI master interface  Integrated power management functions  Full duplex support at both 10 and 100 Mbps  Supports IEEE 802.3u auto-negotiation  Supports wire for management
Compatibility
PCI 2.2 and AC 97 compliant  Intel AGP version 2.0
25
English
Rear Panel I/O Ports (PC 99 color-coded connectors)
 2 USB 2.0/1.1 ports  1 RJ45 LAN port (NB78-BL only)  2 NS16C550A-compatible DB-9 serial port  1 DB-25 parallel port  1 mini-DIN-6 PS/2 mouse port  1 mini-DIN-6 PS/2 keyboard port  1 game/MIDI por t  3 audio jacks: line-out, line-in and mic-in
I/O Connectors
English
 2 connector for 4 additional external USB 2.0/1.1 ports  1 CD-in internal audio connectors  1 S/PDIF-out connector  1 connector for IrDA interface  2 IDE connectors  1 floppy drive interface supports up to two 2.88MB floppy
drives  2 ATX power supply connectors  1 Wake-On-LAN connector  CPU fan, chassis fan and second fan connectors
PCI Bus Master IDE Controller
 Two PCI IDE interfaces suppor t up to four IDE devices  Supports ATA/33, ATA/66 and ATA/100 hard drives  PIO Mode 4 Enhanced IDE (data transfer rate up to 14MB/sec.)  Bus mastering reduces CPU utilization during disk transfer  Supports ATAPI CD-ROM, LS-120 and ZIP
S/PDIF
The system board is equipped with the S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) digital audio interface. S/PDIF is a standard audio file transfer format that transfers digital audio signals to a device without having to be converted first to an analog format. This prevents the quality of the audio signal from degrading whenever it is converted to analog.
26
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