Operating manual
Ultrasonic anemometers
HD52.3D… series
www.deltaohm.com
Companies / Brands of GHM
English
Keep for future reference.
HD52.3D - 2 - V1.11
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 3
1.1 AVAILABLE VERSIONS............................................................................................ 3
2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................... 4
3 DESCRIPTION....................................................................................................... 5
4 MEASURING PRINCIPLE OF WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION .................................. 6
5 INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................... 7
5.1 ALIGNMENT OF THE INSTRUMENT .............................................................................. 8
5.2 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS ..................................................................................... 9
5.2.1 RS232 SERIAL CONNECTION .................................................................... 10
5.2.2 RS485 SERIAL CONNECTION .................................................................... 10
5.2.3 RS422 SERIAL CONNECTION .................................................................... 11
5.2.4 SDI-12 SERIAL CONNECTION ................................................................... 12
5.2.5 ANALOG OUTPUTS CONNECTION.................................................................. 12
5.2.6 CONNECTION TO THE RS485 PORT OF HD32MT.1 DATA LOGGER ......................... 13
5.2.7 CONNECTION OF RS52 CABLE.................................................................... 14
5.2.8 CONNECTION OF HEATING SYSTEM............................................................... 14
5.2.9 CONNECTION OF CP52.X CABLE ................................................................. 15
6 CONFIGURATION................................................................................................ 16
6.1 SERIAL COMMANDS ............................................................................................ 17
7 PROPRIETARY RS232 MODE ............................................................................... 26
8 PROPRIETARY RS485 MODE ............................................................................... 27
9 NMEA MODE........................................................................................................ 28
10 MODBUS-RTU MODE ........................................................................................... 30
11 SDI-12 MODE...................................................................................................... 36
12 DIMENSIONS ...................................................................................................... 39
13 INSTRUMENT STORAGE ...................................................................................... 40
14 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS...................................................................................... 40
15 ORDER CODES .................................................................................................... 41
HD52.3D - 3 - V1.11
1 INTRODUCTION
The instruments of the series HD52.3D… are 2-axes ultrasonic static anemometers for the
measurement of:
• Wind speed and direction, U-V Cartesian components of wind speed,
• Relative Humidity and temperature (optional),
• Global solar radiation (optional),
• Barometric pressure (optional).
The available measurement options combine in a single instrument the main quantities of meteorological interest, making the instrument like a compact and light meteorological station.
All models are equipped with a magnetic compass.
Wind speed and direction are determined by measuring the transit time of ultrasonic pulses
between two pairs of ultrasonic transducers.
RS232, RS485, RS422 and SDI-12 serial interfaces are available with NMEA, MODBUS-RTU
and SDI-12 communication protocols.
All versions have two analog outputs, for wind speed and direction, which are factoryconfigurable within 4÷20
mA (standard), 0÷1 V, 0÷5 V or 0÷10 V (to be specified when or-
dering).
The heater option prevents the accumulation of snow and ice formation, allowing precise
measurements in all environmental conditions.
Mounting on ∅ 40
mm mast. The electric connection is performed through a M23 19-pole con-
nector situated on the bottom of the instrument.
The low power consumption of the instrument allows installation in remote sites, with power
supplied by photovoltaic panel and backup battery.
The absence of moving parts minimizes the instrument maintenance.
1.1 A
VAILABLE VERSIONS
The table below shows the measuring quantities available in the different models of the series:
TAB. 1.A – Available versions
Model
Wind
speed
Wind
direction
Relative
humidity
Temperature
Solar
radiation
Barometric
pressure
HD52.3D
√ √
HD52.3D4
√ √ √
HD52.3DP
√ √ √
HD52.3DP4
√ √ √ √
HD52.3D17
√ √ √ √
HD52.3D147
√ √ √ √ √
HD52.3DP17
√ √ √ √ √
HD52.3DP147
√ √ √ √ √ √
All the above models are available with heating option (add R at the end of the code).
HD52.3D - 4 - V1.11
2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Wind speed
Used sensor Ultrasounds
Measuring range 0…60 m/s
Resolution 0.01 m/s
Accuracy ±
0.2 m/s or ± 2%, the greatest (0…35 m/s), ± 3% (> 35 m/s)
Wind direction
Used sensor Ultrasounds
Measuring range 0…359.9°
Resolution 0.1°
Accuracy ± 2° RMSE from 1.0 m/s
Compass
Used sensor Magnetic
Measuring range 0…360°
Resolution 0.1°
Accuracy ± 1°
Air temperature
(needs option 17)
Used sensor Pt100
Measuring range -40…+60 °C
Resolution 0.1 °C
Accuracy ± 0.15 °C ± 0.1% of measurement
Relative humidity
(needs option 17)
Used sensor Capacitive
Measuring range 0…100%RH
Resolution 0.1%
Accuracy (@ T = 15…35 °C) ± 1.5%RH (0…90%RH), ± 2%RH (remaining range)
Accuracy (@ T = -40…+60 °C) ± (1.5 + 1.5% of measurement )%RH
Barometric Pressure
(needs option 4)
Used sensor Piezoresistive
Measuring range 300…1100 hPa
Resolution 0.1 hPa
Accuracy ± 0.5 hPa @ 20
°C
Solar radiation
(needs option P)
Used sensor Thermopile
Measuring range 0…2000 W/m
2
Resolution 1 W/m
2
Accuracy 2
nd
Class Pyranometer
General features
Power Supply 10…30 Vdc
Power consumption 26
mA @ 12 Vdc without heater, 6 W with heater
Serial outputs RS232, RS485 (¼ Unit Load), RS422 and SDI-12
Communication protocols NMEA, MODBUS-RTU, SDI-12, proprietary RS232 and RS485
Analog outputs
2 analog outputs, for wind speed and direction. Output at
choice among 4…20
mA (standard), 0…1 V, 0…5 V and
0…10
V (option 0…10 V needs 15…30 Vdc power supply)
Electrical connection 19-pole M23 male connector
Operating temperature -40…+60 °C
Protection degree IP 64
Dimensions
H=179
mm, ∅=150 mm (HD52.3D, HD52.3D4)
H=200
mm, ∅=150 mm (HD52.3DP, HD52.3DP4)
H=336
mm, ∅=150 mm (HD52.3D17, HD52.3D147)
H=357
mm, ∅=150 mm (HD52.3DP17, HD52.3DP147)
Weight About 1 kg (complete version HD52.3DP147)
Case
Plastic material. Metal parts: AISI 316
HD52.3D - 5 - V1.11
3 DESCRIPTION
1. Pyranometer
2. Ultrasonic sensors for the measurement of wind speed and direction
3. Protective shield from solar radiation for relative humidity and temperature sensors
4. Fixing clamp to Ø 40
mm mast
Note: in the models measuring barometric pressure, the pressure sensor is inside the instrument.
HD52.3D - 6 - V1.11
4 MEASURING PRINCIPLE OF WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION
Wind speed and direction are determined by measuring the time taken by ultrasonic pulses to
cover the distance from the transducer that generates the pulse to the receiving transducer.
The instrument uses 2 pairs of transducers oriented along two orthogonal axes. Detecting the
wind speed along two axes allows to determine not only the intensity but also the wind direction.
The instrument measures the travel time of the ultrasonic pulse between the two transducers
of the same pair in both directions. The travel times in the two opposed directions are defined
as t
A
(forward direction time) and tR (reverse direction time).
If wind speed is zero, t
A
and tR values are the same. In the presence of wind, one of the two
time values is greater than the other and the comparison between the two time values allows
to determine the direction and the intensity of the wind.
Measuring the travel time in both directions allows to cancel the dependence of the transmission speed of ultrasounds in the air from the environmental conditions of temperature, humidity and barometric pressure.
Measurement along first axis Measurement along second axis
The travel times of the ultrasonic pulses are given by:
W
A
VC
D
t+=
W
R
VC
D
t−=
Where:
D = Distance between the two transducers of the same pair
C = Sound speed
V
W
= Component of wind speed along the measurement axis
Measuring the two travel times allows to determine the wind speed component:
⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜
⎝
⎛
−⋅=
RA
W
tt
D
V
11
2
Note: even if transducers are not aligned with U and V Cartesian axes, measurements given by
the instrument refer in any case to standard axes.
Axis U
Transducer
Transduce
r
Transduce
r
T
ransduce
r
Axis V
HD52.3D - 7 - V1.11
5 INSTALLATION
To install the instrument, pass the connection cable inside the support mast and connect the
19-pole M23 female connector of the cable to the 19-pole M23 male connector situated at the
bottom of the instrument. Ensure connection stability by tightening the connector external nut.
Align the instrument to the desired direction (see par. 5.1 “Alignment”), then fix it on the supp
ort mast by tightening the cable tie at the bottom of the instrument.
The support mast, having 40
mm maximum outer diameter and 36 mm minimum inner diame-
ter, should be positioned on a stable surface.
The instrument should be installed vertically and in an open area, far from obstructions located
in the vicinity that might alter the natural air flow. Any close objects (such as buildings, trees,
pylons, etc.) should be at a distance equal to at least ten times their height.
In the presence of close objects, it is advisable to place the instrument at a height of 10
m.
For open-space installations, the instrument can be installed using the 3
m tripod HD2004.20.
HD52.3D - 8 - V1.11
If the instrument is installed on a building, the height of the instrument should be at least 1.5
times the minimum value between the height of the building and the roof longest diagonal.
Mount the instrument far from magnetic materials and devices that generate magnetic fields
(electric motors, electric power cables, electric transformers, radars, radio transmitters etc.) in
order to prevent faulty indications from the magnetic compass.
In case of mobile installations (for example on a boat), take into account that the instrument
measures the relative (apparent) wind speed with respect to the instrument. To determine the
absolute (real) wind speed one should consider the movement velocity of the instrument.
All instrument sensors are factory-calibrated and do not require additional interventions of the
user.
Unless otherwise requested, with factory settings the instrument starts in configuration mode
at power up and stands in waiting to receive the commands for the setting of the operating parameters through a RS232 serial connection. To know the available configuration parameters,
the related factory settings, the commands to modify the parameters and to select the operating mode, see Chapter 6 “CONFIGURATION”. If, however, the instrument is already set to operate in one of the available operating modes (SDI-12, NMEA, MODBUS-RTU, proprietary
RS232, proprietary RS485), the set mode will be active 10 seconds after power up.
5.1 ALIGNMENT OF THE INSTRUMENT
The instrument is equipped with a magnetic compass, and wind speed and direction measurements are automatically compensated and referred to magnetic North, even if alignment to
North is not performed. This allows to obtain accurate measurements even in case of mobile
installations.
It is possible to disable the compass compensation of the wind speed and direction measurements. In this case it is necessary to align the instrument during installation. The arrows on
the case will facilitate the alignment.
For an accurate alignment, connect the instrument to a PC (see following chapters for communication protocols), then rotate the instrument on its vertical axis until the compass measures
0.0° ± 0.1°.
When evaluating the wind direction, one should take into account that
the geographic North differs from the magnetic North indicated by the
compass. The difference, named magnetic declination, depends on
the area where the instrument was installed (for example, about 15°
in North-America and less than 3° in Europe).
If wind speed and direction values are given in polar coordinates, 0°
angle corresponds to a wind coming from North.
Arrow fo
r
alignement
to North
Su
pp
orting plate
of ultrasonic sensors
HD52.3D - 9 - V1.11
5.2 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS
All connections are performed through a 19-pole M23 male connector situated at the bottom of
the instrument. The figure and the table below show numbers and function of the connector
contacts:
TAB. 5.A – Electrical connections
Pin number Symbol Description
1 Not connected
2 RX SDI Data line for SDI-12 connection
3 RX + Serial receive (input) positive
4 HEAT - Heater power supply negative
5 HEAT + Heater power supply positive
6 HEAT - Heater power supply negative
7 HEAT + Heater power supply positive
8 GND Serial ground
9 TX - Serial transmission (output) negative
10 Not connected
11 Not connected
12 GND Instrument power supply negative
13 RX - Serial receive (input) negative
14 OUT 1 Analog output 1 positive
15 GND Analog ground
16 OUT 2 Analog output 2 positive
17 TX + Serial transmission (output) positive
18 V + Instrument power supply positive
19 V + Instrument power supply positive
The instrument and the heating circuit (if any) require 10…30 Vdc power supply.
TX and RX signal connection depends on the chosen serial connection type. See next paragraphs for details on serial connections.
Connecto
r
Reference
Visible side
male
connector
HD52.3D - 10 - V1.11
5.2.1 RS232 SERIAL CONNECTION
For RS232 connection, TX-, RX+ and serial GND signals (pin 9, 3 and 8 of M23 connector) are
used, to be connected respectively to RX, TX and GND signals of RS232 port on PC (pin 2, 3
and 5 of 9-pole SubD connector). The length of RS232 cables should not exceed 15
m.
With RS232 connection, NMEA, MODBUS-RTU and proprietary RS232 protocols can be used.
If the PC is not equipped with RS232 serial ports, the RS52 adapting cable (with built-in
USB/RS232 converter) can be inserted between the PC and the instrument (see paragraph 5.2.7).
5.
2.2 RS485
SERIAL CONNECTION
Thanks to RS485 connection, multiple instruments can be connected to a multi-point network.
Instruments are connected in sequence through a twisted-pair shielded cable for signals and a
third wire for ground.
Line terminations should be placed at the two ends of the network. The cable shield should be
connected to both ends of the line.
The maximum number of devices that can be connected to the RS485 line (Bus) depends on the
load characteristics of the devices to be connected. The RS485 standard requires that the total
load does not exceed 32 unit loads. The load of an HD52.3D… anemometer is equal to ¼ of unit
load. If the total load is greater than 32 unit loads, divide the network into segments and add a
Reference
of female
connector solder side
Power supply
Power su
p
ply
RS232 Port
RS485/USB or RS485/RS232
converter or data logger
with RS485 port
Other sensors with
RS485 output
Termination
T
ermination
Reference of female
connector solder side
HD52.3D - 11 - V1.11
signal repeater between a segment and the successive one. Line termination should be applied
at both ends of each segment.
The maximum length of the cable depends on the transmission speed and the cable characteristics. Typically, the maximum length is 1200
m. The data line should be kept separated from
any power lines in order to prevent interference with the transmitted signal.
Each instrument on the network is univocally identified by an address. Multiple transmitters
with the same address should not be placed on the network.
If the instrument is connected to a data logger, the possibility to connect multiple sensors to
the network depends on the data logger capacity to manage multiple sensors.
NMEA, MODBUS-RTU and proprietary RS485 protocols can be used with RS485 connection.
Before connecting the instrument to the network, configure address and Baud Rate (see chapter 6 “CONFIGURATION”).
5.2.3 RS422
SERIAL CONNECTION
RS422 standard is used for point-to-point connection on long distances. The instrument is connected to a PC/data logger through a shielded cable with two twisted pairs for signals and an
additional wire for ground. The extremities of the connections should end with line terminators.
The maximum length of the cable depends on the transmission speed and the cable characteristics. Typically, the maximum length is 1200
m. The data lines should be kept separated from
any power lines in order to prevent interference with the transmitted signal.
NMEA, MODBUS-RTU and proprietary RS485 protocols can be used with RS422 connection.
Before connecting the instrument to the network, configure address and Baud Rate (see chapter 6 “CONFIGURATION”).
Power su
p
ply
RS422/USB or RS422/RS232
converter or data logger
with RS422 port
Termination
T
ermination
Reference of female
connector solder side
HD52.3D - 12 - V1.11
5.2.4 SDI-12 SERIAL CONNECTION
SDI-12 standard has three connection wires: power supply +12V, data line and ground.
Up to 10 sensors can be connected in parallel, each of them identified by its own address.
Communication between sensors and PC/datalogger is performed at 1200 baud. Connection
cables should not exceed 60
m.
The instrument should be configured to operate in SDI-12 mode. Set the address (see chapter
6 “CONFIGURATION”) before connecting the instrument to the network.
5.2.5 ANALOG OUTPUTS CONNECTION
Connect the outputs according to one of the two schemes below, depending on the output
type, current (standard) or voltage (on request), available in the instrument. OUT 1 and
OUT 2 are associated to wind speed and direction respectively. To change the type of speed
and direction measurements associated to the outputs, see chapter 6 “CONFIGURATION”.
Current outputs are active. Load resistance: RL < 300 Ω.
Load resistance: RL > 10 kΩ.
Power su
pply
SDI-12/USB or SDI-12/RS232
converter or
data logger with SDI-12 input
Power suppl
y
Power suppl
y
Other sensors with
SDI-12 output
Reference o
f
female
connector solder side
Reference of female
connector solder side
Reference of female
connector solder side
Current out
p
uts 4…20mA
Volta
g
e outputs
HD52.3D - 13 - V1.11
5.2.6 CONNECTION TO THE RS485 PORT OF HD32MT.1 DATA LOGGER
The instruments of the series HD52.3D… can be directly connected to the RS485 communica-
tion port of Delta OHM HD32MT.1 data logger.
Connection is performed as follows:
TX+ signal of the anemometer should be connected to +D input of data logger.
TX- signal of the anemometer should be connected to -D input of data logger.
The serial ground is to be connected to the terminal indicated by the symbol
, corresponding
to the isolated ground of RS485 circuit.
Note: if the connection cable is too long, it is advisable to add surge protection devices on
RS485 TX+ and TX- data lines.
For a correct system operation, anemometers should be configured in advance with the following settings:
1. The anemometer should send the measured quantities following the order programmed
in the data logger.
2. The air speed measuring unit set in the anemometer should correspond to the value programmed in the data logger.
3. Measuring average period equal to 1 second.
4. Communication protocol = proprietary RS485.
5. The RS485 Address must match the one programmed into the data logger.
6. Baud Rate = 115200
Serial GND
TX-
TX+
V+
V-
Power supply
HD52.3D - 14 - V1.11
5.2.7 CONNECTION OF RS52 CABLE
If the PC is not equipped with RS232 serial ports, but with USB ports only, the RS52 adapting cable (with built-in USB/RS232 converter) should be interposed between the PC and the instrument.
To use the RS52 cable, the drivers included in the CD-ROM supplied with the instrument
should be installed in the PC (see the guide to USB drivers installation in the Documentation
section of the CD-ROM).
The instrument is powered directly from the USB port of the PC.
5.2.8 C
ONNECTION OF HEATING SYSTEM
Models with heat option (R option) have an integrated device that heats sonic transducers in
order to prevent ice forming and ensure correct operation even in the presence of snow.
The heater power supply is separated from the instrument’s main power supply.
Heating needs 10…30
Vdc power supply and 6 W power. The heat circuit is switched on below
+4
°C. After switching on, the heating is switched off when the temperature exceeds +8 °C.
Reference o
f
female
connector solder side
Instrument
power supply
Heate
r
power supply
Reference of female
connector solder side
RS52 cable
HD52.3D - 15 - V1.11
5.2.9 CONNECTION OF CP52.X CABLE
The table below shows numbers and function of the optional 12-pole CP52.x cable wires:
TAB. 5.B – Connection of CP52.x cable
CP52.x cable
(12 poles)
wire number
Connector
pin number
Symbol Description
1 19 V + Instrument power supply positive
2 2 RX SDI Data line for SDI-12 connection
3 3 RX + Serial receive (input) positive
4 13 RX - Serial receive (input) negative
5 17 TX + Serial transmission (output) positive
6 6 HEAT - Heater power supply negative
7 7 HEAT + Heater power supply positive
8 8 GND Serial ground
9 9 TX - Serial transmission (output) negative
10 14 OUT 1 Analog output 1 positive
11 16 OUT 2 Analog output 2 positive
12 12 GND Instrument power supply negative
ATTENTION:
The CP52.x cable wire number does not
always coincide with the M23 connector pin
number.
HD52.3D - 16 - V1.11
6 CONFIGURATION
Configuration mode allows to read the instrument’s general info (firmware version, calibration
date, serial number), to set the operation mode, to read and set the instrument operation parameters.
To configure the instrument, a RS232 serial connection to a PC should be performed (see paragraph 5.2.1). If your PC is not equipped with RS232 serial ports, the RS
52 adapting cable
can be placed between the PC and the instrument (see paragraph 5.2.7).
C
ommunication parameters should be set in the PC as follows:
• Baud rate: 115200
• Data Bits: 8
• Parity: None
• Stop Bit: 2
The instrument configuration can be realized with the aid of the HD52.3D-S application soft-
ware (see the instructions of the software) or by sending serial commands via standard
communication programs.
The configuration procedure by sending serial commands slightly differs depending on whether
the instrument is set in configuration mode (factory setting, unless otherwise requested), or
whether it is set in one of the available operation modes (SDI-12, NMEA, MODBUS-RTU, proprietary RS232, proprietary RS485).
¾ I
NSTRUMENT SET IN CONFIGURATION MODE (factory setting)
If the instrument is set in configuration mode, at power-up it remains waiting to receive the
configuration serial commands described in the following tables. To configure and make the instrument operational, the following should be performed:
• Send command for operation mode selection (see table Operation Mode described at pa-
ragraph 6.1 “Serial Commands”).
• Send commands to set the parameters of the selected operation mode (see tables de-
scribed at paragraph 6.1 “Serial Commands”).
• Send commands to set operational general parameters (parameters independent from
operation mode)
• Turn the instrument off and on. The selected operation mode will become active after 10
seconds from restart.
Note: configuration commands can be sent in any order, it is not necessary to respect the
indicated sequence.
¾ I
NSTRUMENT SET IN ONE OF THE AVAILABLE OPERATION MODES
If the instrument is set in one of the available operation modes, when started up it remains
waiting for a serial command for 10 seconds. For instrument configuration, the following
should be performed:
• Send the following command to the instrument before 10 seconds have elapsed:
@<CR>
with <CR> = ASCII character Carriage Return.
If the instrument doesn’t receive the over mentioned command after 10 seconds from
start up, the operation mode set in the instrument is immediately activated.
• Send commands to change the desired parameters (see tables described at paragraph
6.1 “Serial Commands”).
• Turn the instrument off and on. The selected operation mode will become active after 10
seconds from restart with the new parameter values.
HD52.3D - 17 - V1.11
6.1 SERIAL COMMANDS
The tables below describe the serial commands that allow to read the current instrument configuration and change the operation parameters.
Measuring units:
Command Reply Description
CGUVn &| Sets measuring unit of wind speed:
m/s if n=1
cm/s if n=2
km/h if n=3
knot if n=4
mph if n=5
Default : m/s (n=1)
RGUV n| Reads the wind speed measuring unit set
in the instrument
CGUTn &| Sets temperature measuring unit:
°C if n=1
°F if n=2
Default : °C (n=1)
RGUT n| Reads the temperature measuring unit set
in the instrument
CGUPn &| Sets pressure measuring unit:
mbar if n=1 [Note:1 mbar=1 hPa]
mmHg if n=2
inchHg if n=3
mmH
2
O if n=4
inchH
2
O if n=5
atm if n=6
Default : mbar (n=1)
RGUP n| Reads the pressure measuring unit set in
the instrument
Operation Mode:
Command Reply Description
CUMn &| Sets instrument in mode:
Configuration if n=0
proprietary RS485 if n=1
proprietary RS232 if n=2
SDI-12 if n=3
NMEA if n=4
MODBUS-RTU if n=5
Default : Configuration (n=0)
(see Note 1)
RUM & n| Reads mode set in the instrument
Note 1: after sending the command for the selection of the operation mode, the instrument
remains in configuration mode. The selected configuration mode will become active at the following restart of the instrument.
HD52.3D - 18 - V1.11
Parameters for proprietary RS232 and RS485 modes:
Command Reply Description
CU1Ac &| Sets the address for proprietary RS485
mode to c value
The address is an alphanumeric character
ranging within 0…9, a…z, A…Z
Default : 0
RU1A & c| Reads the address for proprietary RS485
mode set in the instrument
CU1Bn &| Sets Baud Rate for proprietary RS485
mode to:
9600 if n=3
19200 if n=4
38400 if n=5
57600 if n=6
115200 if n=7
Default : 115200 (n=7)
RU1B & n| Reads Baud Rate setting for proprietary
RS485 mode
CU2Bn &| Sets Baud Rate for proprietary RS232
mode to:
9600 if n=3
19200 if n=4
38400 if n=5
57600 if n=6
Default : 57600 (n=6)
RU2B & n| Reads Baud Rate setting for proprietary
RS232 mode
CU1Dccccccccccc &| Sets measurements order in the string
sent in proprietary RS232 and RS485
modes
In the sequence ccccccccccc (max. 11
characters) each character identifies a
measurement according to the following
correspondence:
0 ⇒ Barometric Pressure
1 ⇒ Temperature (sensor Pt100)
2 ⇒ Relative Humidity
3 ⇒ Pyranometer
6 ⇒ Wind speed (coordinates U,V)
7 ⇒ Wind speed (intensity)
8 ⇒ Wind Direction (Azimuth)
T ⇒ Sonic Temperature
C ⇒ Compass
E ⇒ Errors
Default : 78
(see Note 2)
RU1D & ccccccccccc| Reads measurements order in the string
sent in proprietary RS232 and RS485 modes
HD52.3D - 19 - V1.11
Command Reply Description
CU2Rnnnn &| Sets transmission interval of string with
measurements in proprietary RS232 mode
to nnnn seconds
The interval should range within 1 and
3600 seconds
Default : 1 second
RU2R & nnnn| Reads transmission interval of string with
measurements in proprietary RS232 mode
NOTE 2 : MEASUREMENTS ORDER
In the measurement string sent by the instrument (constantly in proprietary RS232 mode, on
request in proprietary RS485 mode), measurements can be set in arbitrary order: one should
simply indicate the desired order in the sequence of characters "ccccccccccc" sent by the
command C1UD. The sequence of characters "ccccccccccc" can have a variable length up to a
maximum of 11 characters.
Example: if the sequence of characters is set to 78012, wind speed, wind direction, barometric
pressure, temperature and relative humidity measurements will appear from left to right in the
data string sent by the instrument.
If information on error conditions is requested (E character), three numbers with the following
meaning will appear in the data string sent by the instrument:
1. First number = error code identifying the transducers and the type of error.
The number is composed by two digits. The first digit indicates the path (that is the
transducers pair) that presents the error, according to the numeration indicated in
the figure:
Digit 7 indicates an error in the compass. Digit 0 indicates that no errors are present
in the ultrasonic transducers or in the compass.
The second digit of the error code indicates the type of error: 0 = no errors;
1 = transducer broken, electric interruption, path obstruction; Other = codes re-
served to technical service.
2. Second number = state of activation of the ultrasonic transducers heating.
0 = heating turned off, 1 = heating turned on
3. Third number = number of invalid measurements.
Example: if 21 0 2 appears in correspondence to the error condition in the data string sent by
the instrument, it means that an error occurred (broken transducer or path obstruction) in the
path number 2, that the heating is turned off and that two measurements have been rejected
due to the error occurrence.
N Arrow
(
North
)
HD52.3D - 20 - V1.11
Parameters for NMEA mode:
Command Reply Description
CU4Bn &| Sets Baud Rate for NMEA mode to:
2400 if n=1
4800 if n=2
9600 if n=3
19200 if n=4
38400 if n=5
57600 if n=6
115200 if n=7
Default : 4800 (n=2)
RU4B & n| Reads Baud Rate setting for NMEA mode
CU4In &| Sets interface for NMEA mode to:
RS232 if n=0
RS485 if n=1
RS422 if n=2
Default : RS485 (n=1)
RU4I & n| Reads interface setting for NMEA mode
CU4Mn &| Sets parity and stop bits for NMEA mode
to:
8N1 if n=0 [No parity, 1 stop bit]
8N2 if n=1 [No parity, 2 stop bits]
8E1 if n=2 [Even parity, 1 stop bit]
8E2 if n=3 [Even parity, 2 stop bits]
8O1 if n=4 [Odd parity, 1 stop bit]
8O2 if n=5 [Odd parity, 2 stop bits]
The number of data bits is fixed to 8
Default : 8N1 (n=0)
RU4M & n| Reads current setting of parity and stop
bits for NMEA mode
CU4Rnnn &| Sets transmission interval of string with
measurements in NMEA mode to nnn seconds
The interval should range within 1 and 255
seconds
Default : 1 second
RU4R & nnn| Reads setting of transmission interval of
string with measurements in NMEA mode
HD52.3D - 21 - V1.11
Parameters for MODBUS-RTU mode:
Command Reply Description
CU5Annn &| Sets MODBUS address to nnn
The address should range within 1 and
247
Default : 1
RU5A & nnn| Reads MODBUS address set in the instru-
ment
CU5Bn &| Sets the Baud Rate for MODBUS mode to:
9600 if n=3
19200 if n=4
Default : 19200 (n=4)
RU5B & n| Reads Baud Rate setting for MODBUS
mode
CU5In &| Sets interface for MODBUS mode to:
RS232 if n=0
RS485 if n=1
RS422 if n=2
Default : RS485 (n=1)
Note: with RS232 option you can connect to PC
or datalogger 1 instrument only; option useful
to do tests without RS232/RS485 conversion.
RU5I & n| Reads interface setting for MODBUS mode
CU5Mn &| Sets parity and stop bits for MODBUS
mode to:
8N1 if n=0 [No parity, 1 stop bit]
8N2 if n=1 [No parity, 2 stop bits]
8E1 if n=2 [Even parity, 1 stop bit]
8E2 if n=3 [Even parity, 2 stop bits]
8O1 if n=4 [Odd parity, 1 stop bit]
8O2 if n=5 [Odd parity, 2 stop bits]
The number of bits is fixed to 8
Default : 8E1 (n=2)
RU5M & n| Reads current setting of parity and stop
bits for MODBUS mode
CU5Wn &| Sets waiting time after transmission in
MODBUS mode to:
Immediate reception if n=0
(violates protocol)
Waiting 3.5 characters if n=1
(respects protocol)
Default : Waiting 3.5 characters (n=1)
RU5W & n| Reads current setting of waiting time after
transmission in MODBUS mode
HD52.3D - 22 - V1.11
Parameters for SDI-12 mode:
Command Reply Description
CU3Ac &| Sets the SDI-12 address to c value
The address is an alphanumeric character
ranging within 0…9, a…z, A…Z. Default : 0
RU3A & c| Reads the SDI-12 address set in the instru-
ment
General parameters:
Command Reply Description
CGHn &| Enables/disables heating:
Disables if n=0 Enables if n=1
Default : Enabled (n=1)
RGH n| Reads heating enabling state set in the in-
strument
CWCnnnn &| Sets wind speed threshold to nnnn value (in
hundredths of m/s)
Value should range within 0 and 100
hundredths of m/s (= 0…1 m/s)
Default : 20 (= 0.2 m/s)
(see Note 3)
RWC & nnnn| Reads the wind speed threshold value set in
the instrument (in hundredths of m/s)
CWaLn &| Sets time interval for the calculation of aver-
age speed and average direction to n value
Value should range within 1 and 9 s
Default : 9 seconds
RWaL & n| Reads the time interval for the calculation
of average speed and average direction set
in the instrument
CWaMn &| Sets the method for the calculation of
average speed and average direction:
If n=0: scalar mean. The average inten-
sity is calculated as average of intensities
without consideration of direction. The
average direction is calculated as average
of directions, and expressed according to
the extended characteristic
(see Note 4).
If n=1: vector mean. The mean values
along the U-axis and along the V-axis are
calculated. The average intensity and the
average direction are those determined
by the two average coordinates.
Default : vector mean (n=1)
RWaM & n| Reads the method for the calculation of the
average speed and average direction set in
the instrument
CCn
note: command available
from firmware version 2.06
&| Enables/disables the compass compensation
of wind speed and direction:
Disables if n=N Enables if n=Y
Default : Enabled (n=Y)
HD52.3D - 23 - V1.11
NOTE 3 : WIND SPEED THRESHOLD VALUE
If the wind speed is very low, the determination of the direction can result inaccurate. The instrument allows to set the threshold value of speed below which the direction value is frozen
on the last acquired value.
N
OTE 4 : WIND D IRECTION EXTENDED CHARACTERISTIC
With 0÷359.9° wind direction measuring range, the analog output continues to oscillate between maximum and minimum scale if the direction continues to slightly fluctuate around 0°:
This effect can be reduced through the extended ("wrap-around") characteristic of wind direction. In this mode, the wind direction is considered as corresponding to 0÷539.9° range instead of 0÷359.9°. The wide output fluctuation occurs the first time that the wind direction
goes from 0 to 359.9°; if later the “physical” direction goes back to 0°, the analog output will
always remain around 360°. Using the extended characteristic, the behavior of the above
graph changes into the following:
If 539.9° value is exceeded in extended mode, the output goes to the value corresponding to
180°.
The table below shows the correspondence between the value of the analog output and the direction of the wind in the two modes.
4…20mA output 0…1V output 0…5V output 0…10V output
Wind
direction
standard extended standard extended standard extended standard extended
0° 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
180° 12.00 9.33 0.50 0.33 2.50 1.67 5.00 3.33
360° 20.00 14.67 1.00 0.67 5.00 3.33 10.00 6.67
540° -- 20.00 -- 1.00 -- 5.00 -- 10.00
HD52.3D - 24 - V1.11
Analog outputs:
Command Reply Description
CAF1nn &| Sets offset and direction of the analog outputs
to:
Standard if nn=00
[ex. 4…20 mA , 0...1 V , 0...5 V , 0...10 V]
Without offset if nn=01
[ex. 0…20 mA]
With offset if nn=02
[ex. 0.2...1 V , 1...5 V , 2...10 V]
Inverted if nn=04
[ex. 20…4 mA , 1...0 V , 5...0 V , 10...0 V]
Inverted without offset if nn=05
[ex. 20…0 mA]
Inverted with offset if nn=06
[ex. 1...0.2 V , 5...1 V , 10...2 V]
Default : Standard (nn=00)
RAF1 & nn| Reads offset and direction setting of analog
outputs
CAMn &| Association of the analog outputs:
If n= 0:
Output 1 = Mean wind speed
Output 2 = Mean wind direction
If n= 1 (
see Note 5):
Output 1 = Instant wind speed component
along V-axis
Output 2 = Instant wind speed component
along U-axis
If n= 2 (Tunnel mode,
see Note 6):
Output 1 = Instant wind speed component
along the direction indicated b
y
the arrow on the instrument
case
Output 2 = Instant wind direction referred
to the direction indicated by
the arrow on the instrument
case
Default : n=0
RAM & n| Reads the association of analog outputs
CAHn &| Associates full scale of wind speed analog
output to:
5 m/s if n=0 45 m/s if n=8
10 m/s if n=1 50 m/s if n=9
15 m/s if n=2 55 m/s if n=10
20 m/s if n=3 60 m/s if n=11
25 m/s if n=4 65 m/s if n=12
30 m/s if n=5 70 m/s if n=13
35 m/s if n=6 75 m/s if n=14
40 m/s if n=7 80 m/s if n=15
Default : 60 m/s (n=11)
HD52.3D - 25 - V1.11
Command Reply Description
RAH & n| Reads the value corresponding to the wind
speed analog output full scale
NOTA 5 : U,V COMPONENTS
By selecting the U and V components, the speed value associated to the initial scale of the two
analog outputs is equal to the opposite of the speed value associated to the full scale of the
outputs.
For example, if the speed full scale value is set to 60 m/s, the speed range associated to the
analog outputs is -60…+60 m/s.
N
OTA 6 : TUNNEL MODE
In tunnel mode the wind direction measurement is not compensated by the magnetic compass,
but the measurement is referred to the direction indicated by the arrow on the instrument case.
The output 2 is set to full scale value if the wind blows in the direction of the arrow, and to initial
scale value if the wind blows in the opposite direction.
The initial scale of output 1 is associated to the speed value opposite to that associated to the
output full scale.
The arrow on the instrument case should be aligned with the direction of the tunnel.
Instrument information
Command Reply Description
G1 &Vnn.nn yyyy/mm/dd| Version and date of firmware
RGD &yyyy/mm/dd hh.mm.ss| Date and time of calibration
RGS &nnnnnnnn| Serial number of instrument
RGI &ccc…ccc| User code
CGIccc…ccc &| Sets user code to ccc…ccc
(max. 34 characters)
HD52.3D - 26 - V1.11
7 PROPRIETARY RS232 MODE
In proprietary RS232 mode, the instrument sends automatically the acquired measurements at
regular intervals. The interval is factory-set to 1 second and is configurable from 1 to 3600
seconds. To change the interval, you should enter in configuration mode and send the command CU2Rnnnn, where nnnn indicates the interval value in seconds (see chapter 6 “CON-
FIGURATION” for details regarding the setting of operation parameters).
To use this mode, you must connect to a RS232 serial port. Communication parameters should
be set in your PC as follows:
• Baud rate: 9600 to 57600 (same as the setting in the instrument)
• Data bits: 8
• Parity: None
• Stop bits: 2
The instrument sends measurements in the following format:
<M1><M2>….<Mn><CR><LF>
with <M1><M2>….<Mn> = values of the first, second,…., nth measurement
<CR> = ASCII character Carriage Return
<LF> = ASCII character Line Feed
Fields <M1><M2>….<Mn> consist of 8 characters each. Measurement values are justified
right; spaces can be added to the left margin of the values to obtain the 8 character length requested by the fields.
The sequence of the measurement values <M1><M2>….<Mn> is configurable (see chapter 6
“CONFIGURATION”).
E
XAMPLE
Supposing that the instrument measures the following values (the measuring unit is not considered, being not output by the instrument): M1=2.23, M2=-28.34, M3=0.34, M4=28.30,
M5=359.3, M6=-1.3, the data string sent by the instrument takes the form:
2.23 -28.34 0.34 28.30 359.3 -1.3<CR><LF>
HD52.3D - 27 - V1.11
8 PROPRIETARY RS485 MODE
In proprietary RS485 mode, the instrument sends the acquired measurements only if requested by the PC.
To use this mode, you must connect to a RS485 or RS422 serial port. Communication parameters should be set in the PC or data logger as follows:
• Baud rate: 9600 to 115200 (same as the setting in the instrument)
• Data bits: 8
• Parity: None
• Stop bits: 2
The instrument is requested to send measurements by generating a Break Signal
(*)
on the serial
line for at least 2
ms, and then sending the following command, consisting of 4 ASCII characters:
M<Address><x><x>
with <Address> = address of the instrument measurements are requested to
<x> = any ASCII character
E
XAMPLE
To ask the instrument with address 2 to send the acquired measurements, do the following:
1) Break Signal for at least 2 ms;
2) Send command: M2aa.
The instrument answers with the following string:
IIIIM<Address>I&<M1><M2>….<Mn><SP>&AAAM<Address><CS><CR>
with <Address> = address of the instrument sending measurements
<M1><M2>….<Mn> = values of the first, second,…., nth measurement
<SP> = space
<CS> = checksum (hex value of the 8-bit checksum of all the preceding characters)
<CR> = ASCII character Carriage Return
Fields <M1><M2>….<Mn> consist of 8 characters each. Measurement values are justified
right; spaces can be added to the left margin of the values to obtain the 8 character length requested by the fields. The sequence of the measurement values <M1><M2>….<Mn> is configurable (see chapter 6 “CONFIGURATION”).
E
XAMPLE
Supposing that the instrument with address 2 measures the following values (the measuring
unit is not considered, being not output by the instrument): M1=2.23, M2=-28.34, M3=0.34,
M4=28.30, M5=359.3, M6=-1.3, the instrument reply takes the following form:
IIIIM2I& 2.23 -28.34 0.34 28.30 359.3 -1.3 &AAAM28C<CR>
A minimum time interval should elapse between two commands, depending on the Baud Rate
setting:
Baud Rate
Minimum interval between two commands
9600 200 ms
19200 100 ms
38400 70 ms
57600 40 ms
115200 25 ms
(*) Break Signal means interruption of the serial communication for a given time interval. It is used to
inform the devices connected to the network that a command is going to be sent.
HD52.3D - 28 - V1.11
9 NMEA MODE
NMEA protocol, mainly used in the nautical field and in satellite-based navigation systems,
specifies that only one of the devices connected can send data, while the others can only act
as recipients.
In NMEA mode, the instrument sends automatically the acquired measurements at regular intervals. The interval is factory-set to 1 second and can be configured within 1 and 255 seconds. To change the interval you should access the configuration mode and send CU4Rnnn
command, where nnn indicates the interval value in seconds (see chapter 6 “CONFIGURATION”
for details regarding the setting of operation parameters).
This mode is available with RS232, RS485 and RS422 serial connections. Communication parameters should be set in the PC or data logger as follows:
• Baud rate: same as the setting in the instrument (default = 4800)
• Data bits: 8
• Parity: same as the setting in the instrument (default = None)
• Stop bits: same as the setting in the instrument (default = 1)
The instrument is compatible with NMEA 0183 V4.00 protocol.
The protocol establishes that data are sent in the following format:
$<Prefix>,<Data>*<hh><CR><LF>
with <Prefix> = field consisting in 5 alphanumeric characters: the first two indicate the type
of transmitting device, the other three indicate the type of transmitted data
<Data> = values measured by the instrument, separated by commas
<hh> = checksum, consisting in two hexadecimal characters
<CR> = character ASCII Carriage Return
<LF> = character ASCII Line Feed
The checksum is calculated by performing the exclusive OR of all characters ranging within $
and * symbols. The 4 most significant bits and the 4 less significant bits of the result are converted in hexadecimal. The hexadecimal value corresponding to the most significant bits is
transmitted as the first.
The instrument regularly sends a string in the following general format requested by the protocol:
$IIMDA,x.x,I,x.x,B,x.x,C,x.x,C,x.x,x.x,x.x,C,x.x,T,x.x,M,x.x,N,x.x,M*hh<CR><LF>
Barometric pressure, inHg (mercury inches)
Barometric pressure, ba
r
Air temperature, °C
Water temperature ⇒ not measured, empty field
Relative humidit
y
, %RH
Absolute humidity, g/m
3
Dew Point, °C
Wind direction with respect to geographic North, degrees
⇒ not available, empty field
Wind direction with respect to magnetic North, degrees
Wind speed, knot
Wind speed, m/s
HD52.3D - 29 - V1.11
If the instrument model is not equipped to measure some of the quantities indicated in the
general format, the relevant fields will be empty and multiple consecutive commas will appear
to indicate the missing fields.
The previous string doesn’t include the measurement of solar radiation. Models equipped with
a pyranometer provide to send the measurement with a second string continuously alternating
to the former:
$IIXDR,a,x.x,a,c--c*hh<CR><LF>
E
XAMPLE
Suppose that there are the following environmental conditions:
o Wind speed = 5.60 m/s (=10.88 knot)
o Wind direction with respect to magnetic North = 38.7°
o Barometric pressure = 1014.9 hPa (= 30.0 inHg)
o Relative humidity = 64.2 %
o Air temperature = 26.8
°C
o Solar radiation = 846 W/m
2
Based on the above values, the following can be calculated:
o Absolute humidity = 16.4 g/m
3
o Dew Point = 19.5
°C
The strings sent by the instrument in three different cases are indicated below:
• Case 1 – instrument measuring only wind speed and direction:
$IIMDA,,I,,B,,C,,C,,,,C,,T,38.7,M,10.88,N,5.60,M*26<CR><LF>
• Case 2 - instrument measuring wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity and
barometric pressure:
$IIMDA,30.0,I,1.0149,B,26.8,C,,C,64.2,16.4,19.5,C,,T,38.7,M,10.88,N,5.60,M*2A<CR><LF>
• Case 3 - instrument measuring wind speed and direction, solar radiation, temperature, relative humidity and barometric pressure:
$IIMDA,30.0,I,1.0149,B,26.8,C,,C,64.2,16.4,19.5,C,,T,38.7,M,10.88,N,5.60,M*2A<CR><LF>
alternated to:
$IIXDR,G,846,,01*32<CR><LF>
For additional information regarding the protocol, visit the site "www.nmea.org".
T
ype of transducer: G (generic)
Measurement of solar radiation
Measuring unit: empty field
Address or identifier of the instrument
HD52.3D - 30 - V1.11
10 MODBUS-RTU MODE
In MODBUS-RTU mode, the instrument sends the acquired measurements only if specifically
requested by the PC.
The mode is available with RS232, RS485 and RS422 serial connections.
Note: with the RS232 connection, only one instrument can be connected to the PC; the option is
useful to perform tests in MODBUS mode in the case a RS232/RS485 converter is not available.
Communication parameters should be set in the PC or data logger as follows:
• Baud rate: same as the setting in the instrument (default =19200)
• Data bits: 8
• Parity: same as the setting in the instrument (default = even)
• Stop bits: same as the setting in the instrument (default = 1)
The protocol is a “Master-Slave” type. Only one “Master” device is on the network, typically a
PC, the other units are all of “Slave” type. The “Master” unit can send commands and requests
of data to the “Slave” devices on the network. A “Slave” device communicates only with the
“Master” unit answering to a request of the latter. Direct communication among “Slave” devices is not allowed, nor a “Slave” unit can send on line data if not requested.
Commands sent by the PC to the instrument consist of four fields:
<Address><Function><Data><CRC>
with <Address> = address of the instrument the command is sent to (1 byte)
<Function> = type of operation to be performed by the instrument (1 byte)
<Data> = data communicated by the PC to the instrument (0 to 252 bytes)
<CRC> = cyclic redundancy check of data for data correctness (2 bytes)
The address should range within 1 and 247 (in the case of multi-point RS485 serial connection,
see paragraph 5.2.2 on page 10 for the maximum number of connectable instruments).
Ea
ch byte (8 bits) consists of two 4-bit hexadecimal characters.
Each byte is preceded by a start bit and followed by a parity bit and a stop bit, for a total of 11
bits. If parity is not used, the byte should be followed by two stop bits.
The byte is transmitted starting from the less significant bit (LSB).
All bytes forming the command are transmitted consecutively without interruption, starting
from the address byte. The last byte to be transmitted is the most significant byte of the control code (CRC). If a pause longer than 1.5 characters elapses between two consecutive bytes,
the command will be considered as not correct and will be discarded by the recipient.
An interval of at least 3.5 characters should elapse between a command and the following:
After a pause on line longer than 3.5 characters, the connected devices will consider the command transmission as concluded. The first character received after the pause will be considered as the new command.
Packet 1
Packet 2
Packet 3
at least
3.5 char.
at least
3.5 char.
3.5 char.
HD52.3D - 31 - V1.11
The instrument sends the requested data after elaboration of the received command. The reply
structure is identical to the message sent by the “Master” unit:
<Address><Function><Data><CRC>
with <Address> = address of the answering instrument (1 byte)
<Function> = type of operation the instrument has performed (1 byte)
<Data> = data communicated by the instrument to the PC (0 to 252 bytes)
<CRC> = cyclic redundancy check for data correctness (2 bytes)
When the address field takes the value “0”, it means that the command is sent to all the devices on the network. In this case the devices perform the command, if this is compatible with
their functionalities, but don’t send any reply to the PC, to prevent transmission conflicts.
In order to prevent transmission conflicts among the instruments, the PC should wait for the
reply from the questioned instrument before sending a new command.
If the instrument doesn’t receive correctly the command (time intervals between characters or
check codes were not respected), it doesn’t send any reply to the PC. If the PC doesn’t receive
a reply within a given time interval (time-out), it will consider the command reception from the
recipient as not successful and can try again to transmit or generate an error signal.
The functions that can be requested from the PC to the instrument, together with the corresponding codes to be entered in the command field Function, are indicated in the table below:
TAB. 10.A – Modbus functions
Function code Function
04h Measurement reading
07h Error condition reading
2Bh Instrument general information reading
MEASUREMENT READING (function 04h)
Function code 04h allows to read the values measured by the instrument.
The data field of the request shows the address of the input register containing the first quantity to be read and the number of consecutive quantities to be read.
Since registers are numbered starting from 1 in the protocol, but data is addressed starting
from 0, the register address is equal to the register number decreased by 1.
The instrument answers with the value of the measured quantities. It is not allowed to read
quantities that are not measured by that particular model.
The fields Function and Data of command and reply take consequently the following form:
Command
Value Length Description
Function: 04h 1 byte Command of measurement reading
Data: 0000h to FFFFh 2 byte Address of first quantity
0001h to 007Dh 2 byte Number of quantities to be read (N)
Reply
Value Length Description
Function: 04h 1 byte Measurement reading command
Data: 2 x N 1 byte Number of values bytes
2 x N byte Values of measurements
HD52.3D - 32 - V1.11
The value of a measurement is memorized in a 16-bit register and therefore it always needs a
2-byte length. The most significant byte precedes the less significant one.
The table below lists the available quantities with the corresponding register number:
TAB. 10.B - Input Registers
Register
number
Quantity Format
From FW
version
Note
0001 Wind speed (x100)
unsigned 16 bits 1.00 (1)
0002 Wind direction in degrees (x10)
unsigned 16 bits 1.00
0003
Sonic temperature measured by the
first transducers pair (x10)
16 bits 1.00 (1)
0004
Sonic temperature measured by the
second transducers pair (x10)
16 bits 1.00 (1)
0005
Average of the two sonic temperatures
measured by the two transducers pairs
(x10)
16 bits 1.00 (1)
0006
Temperature measured by Pt100 sensor (x10)
16 bits 1.00 (1)
0007 Relative humidity in %RH (x10) unsigned 16 bits 1.00
0008
Barometric pressure (x1000 if the unit
of measurement is atm, x10 in the other
cases)
unsigned 16 bits 1.00 (1)
0009 Compass angle in degrees (x10) unsigned 16 bits 1.00
0010 Solar radiation in W/m2 unsigned 16 bits 1.00
0011 Mean wind speed (x100) unsigned 16 bits 1.00 (1)
0012 Mean wind direction in degrees (x10) unsigned 16 bits 1.00
0013 Absolute humidity in g/m3 (x100) unsigned 16 bits 1.00
0014 Dew point temperature (x10) 16 bits 1.00 (1)
0015
Wind direction in degrees (x10) with
extended feature (see page 23)
un
signed 16 bits 1.00
0016 Wind speed (x100) along V-axis unsigned 16 bits 2.00
0017 Wind speed (x100) along U-axis unsigned 16 bits 2.00
0018
Status register
bit0=1 ⇒ speed measurement error
bit1=1 ⇒ compass measurement error
bit2=1 ⇒ temperature meas. error
bit3=1 ⇒ humidity measurement error
bit4=1 ⇒ pressure measurement error
bit5=1 ⇒ solar rad. measurement error
unsigned 16 bits 2.00
0019
Wind speed unit of measurement
0 ⇒ m/s 3 ⇒ knot
1 ⇒ cm/s 4 ⇒ mph
2 ⇒ km/h
unsigned 16 bits 2.00
0020
Temperature unit of measurement
0 ⇒ °C 1 ⇒ °F
unsigned 16 bits 2.00
0021
Atm. pressure unit of measurement
0 ⇒ mbar (=hPa) 3 ⇒ mmH
2
O
1 ⇒ mmHg 4 ⇒ inchH
2
O
2 ⇒ inchHg 5 ⇒ atm
unsigned 16 bits 2.00
HD52.3D - 33 - V1.11
(1)
For quantities with configurable measurement unit, the measurement value is expressed in
the unit set in the instrument.
If the request involves the reading of at least one parameter not listed in the table, the instrument replies with the following error message.
Reply
Value Length Description
Function: 84h 1 byte Measurement reading error
Data: 02h 1 byte Request of an inexistent parameter
EXAMPLE
Suppose you want to read the wind direction measurement of an instrument whose current
measurement is 65.8°.
From the input register table we obtain that the wind direction value is memorized in the register number 0002. To read the quantity value, we need to enter the following in the request:
• address (= number - 1) of the register with the first parameter (0001 = 0001h)
• number of parameters to be read (1 = 0001h)
Therefore the command takes the form below:
Command
Value Length Description
Function: 04h 1 byte Measurement reading command
Data: 00h Address of first quantity (MSB)
01h
2 bytes
Address of first quantity (LSB)
00h Number of quantities to be read (MSB)
01h
2 bytes
Number of quantities to be read (LSB)
The instrument will reply with the measured value: 65.8° x 10 = 658 = 0292h
Reply
Value Length Description
Function: 04h 1 byte Measurement reading command
Data: 02h 1 byte Number of values bytes
02h Measured Value (MSB)
92h
2 bytes
Measured Value (LSB)
HD52.3D - 34 - V1.11
INSTRUMENT ERROR CONDITIONS (function 07h)
The function code 07h allows to read the 8-bit register containing information about error conditions of the instrument.
Each register bit corresponds to an error condition:
• Bit 0: Error of wind speed measurement;
• Bit 1: Error of compass measurement;
• Bit 2: Error of temperature measurement;
• Bit 3: Error of relative humidity measurement;
• Bit 4: Error of barometric pressure measurement;
• Bit 5: Error of solar radiation measurement;
• Bit 6: Not assigned;
• Bit 7: Not assigned.
There is an error condition if the corresponding bit value is 1.
The command for an error register reading is:
Command
Value Length Description
Function: 07h 1 byte Error register reading command
Data: 0 byte Data field is empty
The instrument reply takes the following form:
Reply
Value Length Description
Function: 07h 1 byte Error register reading command
Data: 00h to FFh 1 byte Register value
READING OF INSTRUMENT GENERAL INFORMATION (function 2Bh)
Function code 2Bh allows to read the basic general information of the instrument, consisting
of:
• Manufacturer;
• Instrument model;
• Firmware version.
The command takes the following form:
Command
Value Length Description
Function: 2Bh 1 byte Information reading command
Data: 0Eh 1 byte
Fixed value
(MEI type- Modbus Encapsulated Interface)
01h 1 byte
Fixed value
(Type of basic identification)
00h 1 byte
Fixed value
(First field of information)
The instrument answers as follows:
HD52.3D - 35 - V1.11
Reply
Value Length Description
Function: 2Bh 1 byte Command of information reading
Data: 0Eh 1 byte
Fixed value
(MEI - Modbus Encapsulated Interface type)
01h 1 byte
Fixed value (Type of identification - basic)
01h 1 byte
Fixed value (Conformity level – basic – fields
not individually accessible)
00h 1 byte
Fixed value (No other fields are available)
00h 1 byte
Fixed value (ID next object)
03h 1 byte
Fixed value (Number of fields)
00h 1 byte
Fixed value (ID first field)
Length1 1 byte First field length
Value 1 (Length1) byte First field value (Manufacturer)
01h 1 byte
Fixed value (ID second field)
Length 2 1 byte
Second field length
Value 2 (Length2) byte
second field value (Model)
02h 1 byte
Fixed value (ID third field)
Length 3 1 byte Third field length
Value 3 (Length3) byte Third field value (Firmware version)
ERROR REPLIES
Correctly addressed commands, that got also through CRC control, can nevertheless generate
error conditions, for example if one tries to read an inexistent parameter or if the instrument is
asked to perform a function which is not compatible with its model.
A reply containing an error code is generated in all cases in which the instrument cannot fulfill,
for whatever reason, the requested operation. The value entered in the field Function corre-
sponds to the received function code, but with the most significant bit (MSB) set to 1, so as to
signal to the “Master” unit both the error condition and the function that caused the error.
Reply
Value Length Description
Function:
Requested function code
with MSB=1
1 byte
Error in performing the re
q
uested
function
Data: from 01h to 02h 1 byte Error code
The table below shows the error codes:
TAB. 10.C - Error codes
Error
code
Error
From FW
version
Note
0001 Invalid function.
The instrument doesn’t manage the requested function.
1.00
0002 Invalid address.
At least one of the registers specified in the command is
inexistent.
1.00
For additional information regarding the protocol, visit the site "www.modbus.org".
HD52.3D - 36 - V1.11
11 SDI-12 MODE
In SDI-12 mode, the instrument sends the acquired measurements only if specifically requested by the PC.
To use this mode, an SDI-12 serial connection should be performed. The communication parameters of the protocol are:
• Baud rate: 1200
• Data bits: 7
• Parity: Even
• Stop bit: 1
Communication with the instrument is performed by sending a command in the following format:
<Address><Command>!
with <Address> = address of the instrument the command is sent to.
<Command> = type of operation requested to the instrument.
The instrument reply is as follows:
<Address><Data><CR><LF>
with <Address> = address of the replying instrument
<Data> = information sent by the instrument
<CR> = ASCII character Carriage Return
<LF> = ASCII character Line Feed
The instrument is compatible with V1.3 version of the protocol.
The table below shows the available SDI-12 commands. To comply with the SDI-12 standard,
the instrument address is indicated in the table with the letter a. The instrument comes with a
factory address preset to 0. The address can be modified by using the proper SDI-12 command reported in the table.
SDI-12
COMMANDS
Command Instrument reply Description
a! a<CR><LF> Checks for the presence of
the instrument.
aI! allccccccccmmmmmmvvvx…x<CR><LF>
where:
a = address of the instrument (1 character)
ll = compatible SDI-12 version (2 characters)
cccccccc = manufacturer (8 characters)
mmmmmm = instrument model (6 characters)
vvv = firmware version (3 characters)
x…x = instrument version (up to 13 characters)
y y y
⇒ Example of reply:
113DeltaOhmHD523D103P147R
with:
1 = address of the instrument
13 = compatible SDI-12 version 1.3
DeltaOhm = name of manufacturer
HD523D = model of HD52.3D series
103 = firmware version 1.0.3
P147R = instrument version HD52.3DP147R
Request for instrument
information.
HD52.3D - 37 - V1.11
Command Instrument reply Description
aAb!
where:
b = new
address
b<CR><LF>
Note: if character b is not an acceptable address,
the instrument answers with a in the place of b.
Change of instrument
address.
?! a<CR><LF> Request for instrument
address. If more than a
sensor is connected to the
bus, a conflict will occur.
aM! atttn<CR><LF>
where:
a = address of the instrument (1 character)
ttt = number of seconds needed by the instrument
to make measurements available (3 characters)
n = number of detected quantities (1 character)
Note: ttt is always equal to 000 because the measuring process is continuous. Measurements can be
directly requested (command aD0!) without sending this command before.
Request to perform the
measurement.
aD0!
⋅
⋅
⋅
aD9!
a<Measurements><CR><LF>
⋅
⋅
⋅
a<Measurements><CR><LF>
where:
a = address of the instrument (1 character)
<Measurements> = sequence of measured values
Commands aD1!, aD2!, etc. are sent only if all the
expected values are not received with command
aD0!.
y y y
⇒ Sequence of measurements in the most complete
model:
<WS><WD><T><RH><AH><DP><P><R><C>
with:
<WS> = wind speed
<WD> = wind direction in degrees
<T> = temperature (sensor Pt100)
<RH> = relative humidity in %RH
<AH> = absolute humidity in g/m
3
<DP> = dew point temperature
<P> = barometric pressure
<R> = solar radiation in W/m
2
<C> = compass angle in degrees
Notes:
The positive values are always preceded by a +
sign to identify the beginning of the measurement
value.
As to the quantities with configurable measuring
Request for measured
values.
HD52.3D - 38 - V1.11
Command Instrument reply Description
unit (wind speed, temperature and barometric
pressure), the measurement value is expressed in
the unit set in the instrument.
<DP> measurement has the same format as temperature.
If a quantity measurement is in error condition, a
negative value consisting in a series of 9 is sent.
The fields corresponding to quantities not measured by that particular model are always present:
a negative value consisting in a series of 9 is sent.
For additional information regarding the protocol, visit the site "www. sdi-12.org".
HD52.3D - 39 - V1.11
12 DIMENSIONS
The figures below indicate the dimensions of the instrument in mm.
HD 52.3D
Wind speed and direction.
HD 52.3D4
Wind speed, wind direction and barometric
pressure
HD 52.3DP
Wind speed, wind direction and solar radiation.
HD 52.3DP4
Wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation and
barometric pressure.
HD 52.3D17
Wind speed, wind direction, temperature and
relative humidity.
HD 52.3D147
Wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative
humidity and barometric pressure.
HD 52.3DP17
Wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation,
temperature and relative humidity
HD 52.3DP147
Wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation,
temperature, relative humidity and barometric
pressure
Mast
Mast
Mast
Mast
HD52.3D - 40 - V1.11
13 INSTRUMENT STORAGE
Instrument storage conditions:
• Temperature: -40...+65
°C.
• Humidity: less than 90 %RH no condensation.
• In storing, avoid locations where:
• There is a high humidity level.
• The instrument is exposed to direct sunlight.
• The instrument is exposed to a high temperature source.
• There are high vibration levels.
• There is presence of vapor, salt and/or corrosive gas.
14 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
General safety instructions
This instrument has been manufactured and tested in accordance with EN61010-1:2010 safety
directives for electronic measuring instruments and has left the factory in perfect safety technical conditions.
The instrument proper operation and operating safety can be ensured only if all standard safety measures as well as the specific measures described in this manual are followed.
The instrument proper operation and operating safety can be ensured only in the climatic conditions specified in this manual.
Do not use the instrument in places where there are:
• Rapid ambient temperature variations that may cause condensation.
• Corrosive or flammable gases.
• Direct vibrations or shocks to the instrument.
• High-intensity electromagnetic fields, static electricity.
If the instrument is moved from a cold place to a hot one, or vice versa, condensation formation can cause an instrument malfunction. In this case, you will have to wait for the instrument
temperature to reach ambient temperature before turning the instrument on.
User obligations
The instrument operator shall follow the directives and regulations below that refer to the
treatment of dangerous materials:
EEC directives on workplace safety
National low regulations on workplace safety
Accident prevention regulations
HD52.3D - 41 - V1.11
15 ORDER CODES
HD52.3D… 2-axes ultrasonic static anemometer for the measurement of wind speed and
direction, U-V Cartesian components of wind speed, relative humidity and
temperature (optional), global solar radiation (optional) and barometric pres-
sure (optional). Equipped with compass. RS232, RS485, RS422 and SDI-12
serial outputs, NMEA, MODBUS-RTU and SDI-12 communication protocols.
Two analog outputs, for wind speed and direction, factory-configurable within
4÷20
mA (standard), 0÷1 V, 0÷5 V or 0÷10 V (to be specified when order-
ing). Heater option available. Power supply: 10…30
Vdc (15…30 Vdc in case of
0÷10
V analog outputs). Installation on mast ∅ 40 mm external and ∅ 36 mm
internal. Input with 19-pole M23 male connector and 19-pole M23 female free
connector. Supplied with: HD52.3D-S software for instrument configuration
and monitor, operating manual. On request, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m or 20 m ca-
ble with connector on one end and open wires on the other.
Analog outputs for wind speed and direction: 4…20 mA standard; on request 0…1 V, 0…5 V or
0…10
V (0…10 V option needs 15…30 Vdc power supply).
ACCESSORIES
HD52.3D-S Further copy of CD-ROM with HD52.3D-S software for PC connection, instru-
ment configuration and monitor. For Windows
®
operating systems.
RS52 Serial connection cable with built-in USB/RS232 converter. USB connector for
the PC and screw terminals on the instrument side.
HD2004.20 Kit with anodized aluminum tripod for the installation of anemometers on a flat
base. Height 3
m.
HD2004.22 Kit for fixing 1200 x 530 x 34
mm solar panel to ∅ 40÷50 mm mast. AISI 304
stainless steel.
HD2004.30 80
W single crystal solar panel. Dimensions 1200 x 530 x 34 mm. Model
MD 5000080 – CS EVOLUTION.
CP52.5 12-pole connecting cable with 19-pole M23 female free connector on one end,
open wires on the other. Length 5
m.
CP52.10 12-pole connecting cable with 19-pole M23 female free connector on one end,
open wires on the other. Length 10 m.
HD 52.3D
R
= heating option
Blank = not heated
P = solar radiation
(py
ranometer
)
o
p
tion
4 = barometric pressure option
17 = relative humidity and temperature option
P4 = solar radiation and barometric pressure option
P17 = solar radiation, relative humidity and temperature option
147 = barometric pressure, relative humidity and temperature
option
P147 = solar radiation, barometric pressure, relative humidity
and temperature option
Blank = basic version: wind speed and direction
HD52.3D - 42 - V1.11
CP52.15 12-pole connecting cable with 19-pole M23 female free connector on one end,
open wires on the other. Length 15
m.
CP52.20 12-pole connecting cable with 19-pole M23 female free connector on one end,
open wires on the other. Length 20 m.
CP52.C Additional 19-pole M23 female free connector.
HD32.35 Outdoor housing complete with acquisition system for weather stations.
Material: AISI 304 stainless steel. Screen to protect the housing from solar
radiation. Powder-coated white. Double locking one of which is a key.
Dimensions 450 x 300 x 210
mm. Degree of protection IP66. Supplied with
accessories for attachment to the pole diameter 36 ÷ 52
mm. Provided for
100 ÷ 240Vac mains power supply, includes: HD32MT.1 datalogger, AC/DC
power supply unit with integrated battery charger, 12V rechargeable backup
battery, surge protectors, disconnectors, terminal block for power supply
distribution and connectors for connecting the external sensors. Wired and
tested.
HD32.35FP Outdoor housing complete with acquisition system for weather stations.
Material: AISI 304 stainless steel. Screen to protect the housing from solar
radiation. Powder-coated white. Double locking one of which is a key.
Dimensions 450 x 300 x 210
mm. Degree of protection IP66. Supplied with
accessories for attachment to the pole diameter 36 ÷ 52
mm. Provided for
power supply from solar panel, includes: HD32MT.1 datalogger, solar
charge controller, terminal block for power supply distribution and connectors
for connecting the external sensors. Wired and tested.
HD32.36 Outdoor housing complete with acquisition system for weather stations.
Material: Polyester with fiberglass-reinforced hot-pressed. Screen to
protect the housing from solar radiation, powder-coated anodized aluminum.
White. Key lock. Dimensions 415 x 310 x 170 mm. Degree of protection IP66.
Supplied with accessories for attachment to the stainless steel pole diameter
36 ÷ 52
mm. Provided for 100 ÷ 240Vac mains power supply, includes:
HD32MT.1 datalogger, AC/DC power supply unit with integrated battery
charger, 12V rechargeable backup battery, surge protectors, disconnectors,
terminal block for power supply distribution and connectors for connecting the
external sensors. Wired and tested.
HD32.36FP Outdoor housing complete with acquisition system for weather stations.
Material: Polyester with fiberglass-reinforced hot-pressed. Screen to
protect the housing from solar radiation, powder-coated anodized aluminum.
White. Key lock. Dimensions 415 x 310 x 170 mm. Degree of protection IP66.
Supplied with accessories for attachment to the stainless steel pole diameter
36 ÷ 52 mm. Provided for power supply from solar panel, includes:
HD32MT.1 datalogger, solar charge controller, terminal block for power supply
distribution and connectors for connecting the external sensors. Wired and
tested.
DELTA OHM metrology laboratories LAT N° 124 are accredited by ACCREDIA for Temperature,
Humidity, Pressure, Photometry / Radiometry, Acoustics and Air Velocity. They can supply
calibration certificates for the accredited quantities.
GUARANTEE
TERMS OF GUARANTEE
All DELTA OHM instruments are subject to accurate testing, and are guaranteed for 24 months from the
date of purchase. DELTA OHM will repair or replace free of charge the parts that, within the warranty
period, shall be deemed non efficient according to its own judgement. Complete replacement is excluded
and no damage claims are accepted. The DELTA OHM guarantee only covers instrument repair. The
guarantee is void in case of incidental breakage during transport, negligence, misuse, connection to a
different voltage than that required for the appliance by the operator. Finally, a product repaired or
tampered by unauthorized third parties is excluded from the guarantee. The instrument shall be returned
FREE OF SHIPMENT CHARGES to your dealer. The jurisdiction of Padua applies in any dispute.
The electrical and electronic equipment marked with this symbol cannot be disposed of in public
landfills. According to the Directive 2011/65/EU, the european users of electrical and electronic
equipment can return it to the dealer or manufacturer upon purchase of a new one. The illegal
disposal of electrical and electronic equipment is punished with an administrative fine.
This guarantee must be sent together with the instrument to our service centre.
IMPORTANT: Guarantee is valid only if coupon has been correctly filled in all details.
Instrument Code:
HD52.3D…
Serial Number
RENEWALS
Date Date
Inspector Inspector
Date Date
Inspector Inspector
Date Date
Inspector Inspector
GHM GROUP – Delta OHM | Delta Ohm S.r.l. a socio unico
Via Marconi 5 | 35030 Caselle di Selvazzano | Padova | ITALY
Phone +39 049 8977150 | Fax +39 049 635596
www.deltaohm.com | info@deltaohm.com
The quality level of our instruments is the result of the constant development of the product. This may
produce some differences between the information written in this manual and the instrument you have
purchased. We cannot completely exclude the possibility of errors in the manual, for which we apologize.
The data, images and descriptions included in this manual cannot be legally asserted. We reserve the
right to make changes and corrections with no prior notice.
GHM GROUP – Delta OHM | Delta Ohm S.r.l. a socio unico
Via Marconi 5 | 35030 Caselle di Selvazzano | Padova | ITALY
Phone +39 049 8977150 | Fax +39 049 635596
www.deltaohm.com | info@deltaohm.com
V1.11
05/07/2017
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