Datasheets opt209 Datasheet

Page 1
®
FPO 70%
PHOTODIODE
WITH ON-CHIP AMPLIFIER
OPT209
FEATURES
PHOTODIODE SIZE: 0.090 x 0.090 inch
(2.29 x 2.29mm)
1M FEEDBACK RESISTOR
HIGH RESPONSIVITY: 0.45A/W
(650nm)
LOW DARK ERRORS: 2mV
BANDWIDTH: 16kHz
WIDE SUPPLY RANGE:
LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT: 400
±2.25 to ±18V
µA
TRANSPARENT 8-PIN DIP
APPLICATIONS
MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION
POSITION AND PROXIMITY SENSORS
PHOTOGRAPHIC ANALYZERS
SMOKE DETECTORS
2
1M
10pF
λ
1
83
V+
V–
175
4
5
V
O
DESCRIPTION
The OPT209 is an opto-electronic integrated circuit containing a photodiode and transimpedance amplifier on a single dielectrically isolated chip. The transimpedance amplifier consists of a precision FET­input op amp and an on-chip metal film resistor. The
0.09 x 0.09 inch photodiode is operated at zero bias for excellent linearity and low dark current.
The integrated combination of photodiode and transimpedance amplifier on a single chip eliminates the problems commonly encountered in discrete de­signs such as leakage current errors, noise pick-up and gain peaking due to stray capacitance.
The OPT209 operates over a wide supply range (±2.25 to ±18V) and supply current is only 400µA. It is packaged in a transparent plastic 8-pin DIP, specified for the 0°C to 70°C temperature range.
SPECTRAL RESPONSIVITY
Ultraviolet
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
Voltage Output (V/µW)
0.1
0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
Using Internal 1M Resistor
Blue
Wavelength (nm)
Green
Yellow
Red
Infrared
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Photodiode Responsivity (A/W)
0
International Airport Industrial Park • Mailing Address: PO Box 11400, Tucson, AZ 85734 • Street Address: 6730 S. Tucson Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85706 • Tel: (520) 746-1111 • Twx: 910-952-1111
Internet: http://www.burr-brown.com/ • FAXLine: (800) 548-6133 (US/Canada Only) • Cable: BBRCORP • Telex: 066-6491 • FAX: (520) 889-1510 • Immediate Product Info: (800) 548-6132
©
1994 Burr-Brown Corporation PDS-1232D Printed in U.S.A. March, 1997
Page 2
SPECIFICATIONS
ELECTRICAL
At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, λ = 650nm, internal 1M feedback resistor, unless otherwise noted.
OPT209P PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS RESPONSIVITY
Photodiode Current 650nm 0.45 A/W Voltage Output 650nm 0.45 V/µW
vs Temperature 100 ppm/°C Unit-to-Unit Variation 650nm ±5% Nonlinearity Photodiode Area (0.090 x 0.090in) 0.008 in
DARK ERRORS, RTO
Offset Voltage, Output ±0.5 ±2mV vs Temperature ±10 µV/°C vs Power Supply V Voltage Noise Measured BW = 0.1 to 100kHz 350 µVrms
RESISTOR—1M Internal
Resistance 1M Tolerance ±0.5 ±2% vs Temperature 50 ppm/°C
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
Bandwidth, Large or Small-Signal, –3dB 16 kHz Rise Time, 10% to 90% 22 µs Settling Time, 1% FS to Dark 60 µs
Overload Recovery Time (to 1%) 100% 0verdrive, V
OUTPUT
Voltage Output R
Capacitive Load, Stable Operation 1nF Short-Circuit Current ±18 mA
POWER SUPPLY
Specified Operating Voltage ±15 V Operating Voltage Range ±2.25 ±18 V Quiescent Current V
TEMPERATURE RANGE
Specification, Operating 0 +70 °C Storage –25 +85 °C Thermal Resistance,
NOTES: (1) Deviation in percent of full scale from best-fit straight line. (2) Referred to Output. Includes all error sources.
(1)
FS Output = 10V 0.01 % of FS
(2.29 x 2.29mm) 5.2 mm
(2)
= ±2.25V to ±18V 10 100 µV/V
S
0.1% FS to Dark 85 µ s
0.01% FS to Dark 100 µs = ±15V 44 µs
100% 0verdrive, V
100% 0verdrive, V
θ
JA
S
= ±5V 100 µs
S
= ±2.25V 240 µs
S
= 10k (V+) – 1.25 (V+) – 1 V
L
R
= 5k (V+) – 2 (V+) – 1.5 V
L
= 0 ±400 ±500 µA
O
100 °C/W
2
2
PHOTODIODE SPECIFICATIONS
At TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Photodiode of OPT209
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Photodiode Area (0.090 x 0.090in) 0.008 in
Current Responsivity 650nm 0.45 A/W Dark Current V
vs Temperature doubles every 10°C
Capacitance V
NOTE: (1) Voltage Across Photodiode.
®
OPT209
(2.29 x 2.29mm) 5.1 mm
(1)
= 0V
D
= 0V
D
(1)
500 fA
600 pF
2
2
2
Page 3
SPECIFICATIONS (CONT)
ELECTRICAL Op Amp Section of OPT209
At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, unless otherwise noted.
OPT209 Op Amp PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS INPUT
Offset Voltage ±0.5 mV
vs Temperature ±5 µV/°C vs Power Supply V
Input Bias Current 1pA
vs Temperature doubles every 10°C
NOISE
Input Voltage Noise Voltage Noise Density, f=10Hz 30 nV/Hz
f=100Hz 25 nV/Hz f=1kHz 15 nV/Hz
Current Noise Density, f=1kHz 0.8 fA/Hz
INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE
Common-Mode Input Range ±14.4 V Common-Mode Rejection 106 dB
INPUT IMPEDANCE
Differential 10 Common-Mode 10
OPEN-LOOP GAIN
Open-Loop Voltage Gain 120 dB
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
Gain-Bandwidth Product 4 MHz Slew Rate 6V/µs Settling Time 0.1% 4 µs
0.01% 5 µs
OUTPUT
Voltage Output R
Short-Circuit Current ±18 mA
POWER SUPPLY
Specified Operating Voltage ±15 V Operating Voltage Range ±2.25 ±18 V Quiescent Current I
NOTE: (1) Op amp specifications provided for information and comparison only.
= ±2.25V to ±18V 10 µV/V
S
12
||3 ||pF
12
||3 ||pF
= 10k (V+) – 1.25 (V+) – 1 V
L
R
= 5k (V+) – 2 (V+) – 1.5 V
L
= 0 ±400 ±500 µA
O
(1)
The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; however, BURR-BROWN assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies or omissions. BURR-BROWN assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all use of such information shall be entirely at the user’s own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. BURR-BROWN does not authorize or warrant any BURR-BROWN product for use in life support devices and/or systems.
3
OPT209
®
Page 4
PIN CONFIGURATION
ELECTROSTATIC
TOP VIEW
V+
–In
V–
1M Feedback
1 2
(1)
3 4
NOTE: (1) Photodiode location.
8 7 6 5
Common NC NC Output
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage................................................................................... ±18V
Input Voltage Range (Common Pin) .................................................... ±V
Output Short-Circuit (to ground)............................................... Continuous
Operating Temperature..................................................... –25°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature........................................................ –25°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ...................................................................... +85°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s)................................................ +300°C
(Vapor-Phase Soldering Not Recommended)
S
PACKAGE INFORMATION
PRODUCT PACKAGE NUMBER
OPT209P 8-Pin DIP 006-1 OPT209P-J 8-Lead Surface Mount
NOTE: (1) For detailed drawing and dimension table, please see end of data sheet, or Appendix C of Burr-Brown IC Data Book. (2) 8-Pin DIP with leads formed for surface mounting.
PACKAGE DRAWING
(2)
(1)
006-4
DISCHARGE SENSITIVITY
This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Burr-Brown recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with ap­propriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage.
ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications.
MOISTURE SENSITIVITY
AND SOLDERING
Clear plastic does not contain the structural-enhancing fillers used in black plastic molding compound. As a result, clear plastic is more sensitive to environmental stress than black plastic. This can cause difficulties if devices have been stored in high humidity prior to soldering. The rapid heating during soldering can stress wire bonds and cause failures. Prior to soldering, it is recommended that devices be baked-out at 85°C for 24 hours.
The fire-retardant fillers used in black plastic are not compat­ible with clear molding compound. The OPT209 cannot meet flammability test, UL-94.
®
OPT209
4
Page 5
RESPONSE vs INCIDENT ANGLE
Relative Response
Incident Angle (°)
0
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
±20 ±40 ±60 ±80
θ
Y
θ
X
θ
Y
θ
X
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
VOLTAGE RESPONSIVITY vs RADIANT POWER
Radiant Power (µW)
Output Voltage (V)
0.01 0.1 10 100 1k1
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
R
F
= 1M
R
F
= 100k
R
F
= 10M
λ = 650nm
At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, λ = 650nm, unless otherwise noted.
1.0
NORMALIZED SPECTRAL RESPONSIVITY
0.8 650nm
(0.45A/W)
0.6
0.4
0.2
Normalized Current or Voltage Output
0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
Wavelength (nm)
VOLTAGE RESPONSIVITY vs IRRADIANCE
10
1
= 10M
F
0.1
Output Voltage (V)
0.01
R
= 1M
F
R
= 100k
F
R
λ = 650nm
0.001
0.001 0.01 1 10 1000.1 Irradiance (W/m
2
)
(0.48A/W)
VOLTAGE OUTPUT RESPONSIVITY vs FREQUENCY
10
1
0.1
Responsivity (V/µW)
0.01 RF = 33kC
0.001 100
RF = 10M
RF = 3.3M
λ = 650nm
RF = 1M
RF = 100kΩ, C
= 25pF
EXT
1k 10k 100k 10M
1M
EXT
= 9pF
Frequency (Hz)
60
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSIVITY
50
40
30
Units (%)
20
10
0
0.43
0.44 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.48 Responsivity (A/W)
λ = 650nm Distribution Totals
100%
Laboratory Test
Data
®
5
OPT209
Page 6
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES (CONT)
At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, λ = 650nm, unless otherwise noted.
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
Quiescent Current (mA)
0.1
0
20mV/div
QUIESCENT CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
–75
SMALL-SIGNAL RESPONSE
VS = ±2.25V
Temperature (°C)
VS = ±15V
Dice
1000
Dotted lines show
noise beyond the
signal bandwidth.
100
RF = 100M
10
1
Noise Voltage (µVrms)
0.1 1 10 1k 10k 100k100
2V/div
OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
vs MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH
RF = 10M
RF = 100k
RF = 1M
1M
Frequency (Hz)
LARGE-SIGNAL RESPONSE
®
OPT209
50µs/div
–8
10
–9
10
–10
10
–11
10
–12
10
Noise Effective Power (W)
–13
10
–14
10
NOISE EFFECTIVE POWER
vs MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH
Dotted lines show noise beyond the signal bandwidth.
RF = 100k
RF = 1M
1 10 1k 10k 100k100
50µs/div
RF = 10M
RF = 100M
1M
Frequency (Hz)
6
Page 7
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Figure 1 shows the basic connections required to operate the OPT209. Applications with high-impedance power supplies may require decoupling capacitors located close to the device pins as shown. Output is zero volts with no light and increases with increasing illumination.
2
1M
R
F
4
I
ID is proportional to light intensity (radiant power).
λ
I
D
(0V)
10pF
1
83
0.1µF 0.1µF
D
175
OPT209
5
V
O
VO = ID R
F
metal, and differential stages are cross-coupled. Furthermore, the photodiode area is very large relative to the op amp input circuitry making these effects negligible.
If your light source is focused to a small area, be sure that it is properly aimed to fall on the photodiode. If a narrowly focused light source were to miss the photodiode area and fall only on the op amp circuitry, the OPT209 would not perform properly. The large (0.090 x 0.090 inch) photodiode area allows easy positioning of narrowly focused light sources. The photodiode area is easily visible—it appears very dark compared to the surrounding active circuitry.
The incident angle of the light source also affects the apparent sensitivity in uniform irradiance. For small incident angles, the loss in sensitivity is simply due to the smaller effective light gathering area of the photodiode (proportional to the cosine of the angle). At a greater incident angle, light is diffused by the side of the package. These effects are shown in the typical performance curve “Response vs Incident Angle.”
–15V+15V
FIGURE 1. Basic Circuit Connections.
Photodiode current, ID, is proportional to the radiant power or flux (in watts) falling on the photodiode. At a wavelength of 650nm (visible red) the photodiode Responsivity, RI, is approximately 0.45A/W. Responsivity at other wavelengths is shown in the typical performance curve “Responsivity vs Wavelength.”
The typical performance curve “Output Voltage vs Radiant Power” shows the response throughout a wide range of radiant power. The response curve “Output Voltage vs Irradiance” is based on the photodiode area of 5.23 x 10
–6m2
The OPT209’s voltage output is the product of the photodiode current times the feedback resistor, (I
). The internal
DRF
feedback resistor is laser trimmed to 1M ±2%. Using this resistor, the output voltage responsivity, RV, is approximately
0.45V/µW at 650nm wavelength. An external resistor can be connected to set a different
voltage responsivity. Best dynamic performance is achieved by connecting R
< 1M), with the internal resistor as shown in
(for R
F
in series (for RF > 1M), or in parallel
EXT
Figure 2. These connections take advantage of on-chip capacitive guarding of the internal resistor, which improves dynamic performance. For values of R external capacitor, C with R
(see Figure 2). This capacitor eliminates gain
F
, should be connected in parallel
EXT
peaking and prevents instability. The value of C
less than 1M, an
F
can be
EXT
read from the table in Figure 2.
LIGHT SOURCE POSITIONING
The OPT209 is 100% tested with a light source that uniformly illuminates the full area of the integrated circuit, including the op amp. Although all IC amplifiers are light-sensitive to some degree, the OPT209 op amp circuitry is designed to minimize this effect. Sensitive junctions are shielded with
For R
> 1M
F
2
1M
λ
V+
.
For R
< 1M
F
RF = R
2
EXT
3pF
|| 1M
1M
λ
1
83
V+
EQUIVALENT RFC
100M
10M
1M 330k 100k 9pF
33k 25pF
20k
NOTES: (1) No C Not recommended due to possible op amp instability.
FIGURE 2. Using External Feedback Resistor.
EXT
175
OPT209
V–
C
EXT
R
EXT
175
OPT209
V–
EXT
(1) (1) (1)
(1)
pF
(2)
required. (2)
= R
R
4
5
4
5
+ 1M
F
EXT
R
EXT
V
= ID R
O
F
V
= ID R
O
F
®
7
OPT209
Page 8
DARK ERRORS
The dark errors in the specification table include all sources. The dominant error source is the input offset voltage of the op amp. Photodiode dark current and input bias current of the op amp are in the 2pA range and contribute virtually no offset error at room temperature. Dark current and input bias current double for each 10°C above 25°C. At 70°C, the error current can be approximately 100pA. This would produce a 1mV offset with R
= 10M. The OPT209 is useful with
F
feedback resistors of 100M or greater at room temperature. The dark output voltage can be trimmed to zero with the optional circuit shown in Figure 3.
When used with very large feedback resistors, tiny leakage currents on the circuit board can degrade the performance of the OPT209. Careful circuit board design and clean assembly procedures will help achieve best performance. A “guard ring” on the circuit board can help minimize leakage to the critical non-inverting input (pin 2). This guard ring should encircle pin 2 and connect to Common, pin 8.
2
100µA
1/2 REF200
100
100
100µA
1/2 REF200
V+
V–
λ
83
500
0.01µF
Adjust dark output for 0V.
Trim Range: ±7mV
1M
10pF
1
V+
V–
175
OPT209
4
5
V
FIGURE 3. Dark Error (Offset) Adjustment Circuit.
simple R/C circuit with a –3dB cutoff frequency of 16kHz. This yields a rise time of approximately 22µs (10% to 90%). Dynamic response is not limited by op amp slew rate. This is demonstrated by the dynamic response oscilloscope photographs showing virtually identical large-signal and small-signal response.
Dynamic response will vary with feedback resistor value as shown in the typical performance curve “Voltage Output Responsivity vs Frequency.” Rise time (10% to 90%) will vary according to the –3dB bandwidth produced by a given feedback resistor value—
0.35
tR≈
f
C
where:
t
is the rise time (10% to 90%)
R
is the –3dB bandwidth
f
C
NOISE PERFORMANCE
Noise performance of the OPT209 is determined by the op amp characteristics in conjunction with the feedback components and photodiode capacitance. The typical performance curve “Output Noise Voltage vs Measurement Bandwidth” shows how the noise varies with R bandwidth (1Hz to the indicated frequency). The signal bandwidth of the OPT209 is indicated on the curves. Noise can be reduced by filtering the output with a cutoff frequency equal to the signal bandwidth.
O
Output noise increases in proportion to the square-root of the feedback resistance, while responsivity increases linearly with feedback resistance. So best signal-to-noise ratio is achieved with large feedback resistance. This comes with the trade-off of decreased bandwidth.
The noise performance of a photodetector is sometimes characterized by Noise Effective Power (NEP). This is the radiant power which would produce an output signal equal to the noise level. NEP has the units of radiant power (watts). The typical performance curve “Noise Effective Power vs Measurement Bandwidth” shows how NEP varies
and measurement bandwidth.
with R
F
and measured
F
(1)
LINEARITY PERFORMANCE
Current output of the photodiode is very linear with radiant power throughout a wide range. Nonlinearity remains below approximately 0.01% up to 100µA photodiode current. The photodiode can produce output currents of 10mA or greater with high radiant power, but nonlinearity increases to several percent in this region.
This very linear performance at high radiant power assumes that the full photodiode area is uniformly illuminated. If the light source is focused to a small area of the photodiode, nonlinearity will occur at lower radiant power.
DYNAMIC RESPONSE
Using the internal 1M resistor, the dynamic response of the photodiode/op amp combination can be modeled as a
®
OPT209
2
1M
R
F
4
10pF
175
Gain Adjustment
+50%; –0%
5
λ
OPT209
1
83
V+
FIGURE 4. Responsivity (Gain) Adjustment Circuit.
8
V–
5k
10k
V
O
Page 9
2
1M
OPT209
10pF
175
2
83
5
4
1
R
1
1k
–15V
λ
+15V
R
F
I
D
IO ≤ 5mA
IO = ID 1 +
R
F
R
1
1M
OPT209
10pF
175
2
83
5
4
1
NC
λ
R
F
1M
OPT209
10pF
175
2
83
5
4
1
V
O
V–
λ
V+
R
F
8
This OPT209 used as photodiode, only.
NC
VO = (I
D2 – ID1) RF
I
D1
I
D2
1M
R
F
4
10pF
175
λ
OPT209
1
83
V+
Advantages: High gain with low resistor values. Less sensitive to circuit board leakage.
Disadvantage: Higher offset and noise than by using high
value for R
V–
.
F
FIGURE 5. “T” Feedback Network.
2
1M
R
F1
10pF
175
λ
OPT209
1
83
V+
Max linear input voltage (V+) –0.6V typ
V–
R1 + R
= ID R
V
O
R
5
R
1
19k
R
2
1k
4
5
= I
D1 RF1
+ I
V
O
2
D2 RF2
2
F
Bandwidth is reduced to 11kHz due to additional photodiode capacitance.
FIGURE 7. Differential Light Measurement.
2
1M
R
F2
4
λ
FIGURE 6. Summing Output of Two OPT209s.
10pF
175
1
83
V+
V–
5
OPT209
= I
V
O
D2 RF2
FIGURE 8. Current Output Circuit.
®
9
OPT209
Page 10
C
2
2
1M
R
F
4
0.1µF R
1M
2
10pF
175
5
λ
OPT209
1
83
(1)
V
Z
3.3V
FIGURE 9. Single Power Supply Operation.
5k
0.1µF
V+
NOTE: (1) Zener diode or other shunt regulator.
2
1M
R
F1
4
10pF
+
= IDR
V
O
F
V
Z
(pesudo-ground)
A
1
R
3
100k
R
1
2
1M
1M
4
C
0.1µF
1
10pF
175
5
λ
V
O
8
See AB-061 for details.
20dB/decade
f
–3dB
=
2πR2R3C
R
= 16Hz
FIGURE 10. DC Restoration Rejects Unwanted Steady-
State Background Light.
INA106
10k
2
100k
5
Difference Measurement
1
2
175
5
λ
OPT209
1
8
83
V+
V–
2
1M
R
F2
4
10pF
175
5
λ
OPT209
1
83
V+
FIGURE 11. Differential Light Measurement.
®
OPT209
V–
= I
V
O1
D1 RF1
= I
V
O2
D2 RF2
10
3
100k
100k
10k
14
G = 10
1
100k
LOG100
= 10 (V
V
O
6
O2
– VO1)
1
Log of Ratio Measurement
(Absorbance)
7 10
V
O
= K log
V
O1
V
O2
3
1nF
C
C
Page 11
+15V
2
REF102
4
10V 6
10k
100k
FIGURE 12. LED Output Regulation Circuit.
3.3nF
OPA627
0.03µF11k
LED
270
IN4148
Glass Microscope Slide
8%
OPT209
2
LED
λ
83
Approximately 92% light available for application.
1M
10pF
1
+15V
–15V
R
F
175
OPT209
4
5
1/2
REF200
100µA
2
10pF
λ
83
R
1
22.5k
Values shown provide a dark output of 4mA. Output is 20mA at a photodiode current of
. Values shown are for I
I
D max
FIGURE 13. 4-20mA Current-Loop Transmitter.
D max
1M
max = 1µA.
1
4
175
2N2222
5
IN4148
R1 = – 994,000
(1 – 2500 I
R2 = – 26,000
(1 – 2500 I
R
2
65
1.014 X 10
26,000
D max
D max
100µA
1/2
REF200
10V to 36V
20k
4-20mA
(4mA Dark)
6
)
)
11
®
OPT209
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