Datasheet VTR24F1, VTR17E1, VTR17D1, VTR16E1, VTR16D1 Datasheet (PerkinElmer)

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Lighting Imaging Telecom Sensors

Detectors and Sensors

Optoswitches, Optical Hybrids,

Optoswitches, Optical Hybrids,

and Custom Optical

and Custom Optical

Assemblies

Assemblies

Sensors

Telecom

Digital Imaging

Specialty Lighting

Optoelectronics

Optoswitches, optical hybrids, custom assemblies, photodiodes, phototransistors, IR
emitters, and photoconductive cells for industrial, commercial, and consumer
electronics applications.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics has the distinction of being one of the foremost manufacturers in
optoelectronics. Founded in 1947, PerkinElmer offers its customers over 35 years experience
in the development and application of optoelectronic devices. The product line is one of the
broadest in the industry, including a variety of standard catalog products as well as custom
design and manufacturing capabilities. Approximately 75% of the products shipped are
custom designed and tested to serve the needs of specific OEM applications.

Three basic objectives guide PerkinElmer’s activities - Service, Quality, and Technology.
Our outstanding engineering staff, coupled with the implementation of modern material control
and manufacturing techniques, plus our commitment to quality, has gained PerkinElmer
“certified” status with many major customers. Products are often shipped directly to
manufacturing lines without need for incoming QC at the customer’s facility. PerkinElmer’s
products are vertically integrated, from the growing of LED crystals, silicon die fabrication,
package design, reliability qualification, to assembly. Vertical integration is your assurance of
consistent quality.

Recognizing the need for low-cost manufacturing to serve world markets, PerkinElmer
expanded its manufacturing/assembly operations into the Far East more than 20 years ago.
The combination of strong technology in processing at the St. Louis headquarters and low­cost assembly operations in the Far East has allowed PerkinElmer to effectively serve all
markets, worldwide. PerkinElmer provides optical sensors, IR emitters and subassemblies for
such diverse applications as street light controls, cameras, smoke alarms, business
machines, automotive sensors, and medical equipment.

For pricing, delivery, data sheets, samples, or technical support please contact your
PerkinElmer Sales Office or direct your questions directly to the factory.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
10900 Page Avenue
St. Louis, Missouri 63132 USA
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Copyright 2001 by
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
All rights reserved
www.perkinelmer.com/opto

..

i

Table of Contents

Custom and Semi-Custom Optoswitches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Questions to Consider on Your Custom Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Overview of Custom Assembly Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Custom Modificat i on to Standard Optoswitches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Full Custom Optoswitch Designs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Silicon Detector Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Optical Encoder Assembl i es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Custom Photocells and Photocell Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Case Studies of Custom Design Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Optical Probes for a Teac hi ng Lab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Sensors for X-Ray Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Optical Sensing B lo ck for Medical Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Optical Control of Photocopy Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Paper Sensing in Photocopy Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Optoswitch Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Optoswitch Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Why Use Optical Switches? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

General Charac teristics and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Standard Reflective Optoswitch Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Reflective Optoswitches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Standard Transmissive Optoswitch Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Transmissive Optoswitches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

ii

Part Number Index

PART NO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PAGE

VTL11D1-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

VTL11D3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

VTL11D3-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

VTL11D5-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

VTL11D6-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

VTL11D7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

VTL11D7-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

VTL13D1-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

CTL13D3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

VTL13D3-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

VTL13D5-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

VTL13D6-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

VTL13D7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

VTL13D7-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

PART NO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAGE

VTL23D0A21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

VTL23D0A22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

VTL23D1A00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

VTL23D1A22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

VTL23D2A00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

VTL23D3A00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

VTR16D1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

VTR17D1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

VTR24F1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

1

Custom and Semi-Custom Optoswitches

Upon request, and where sufficient quantities are involved,
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics will test standard parts to your
unique set of spec i fications. Testing par ts under ac t ua l operating
conditions gives you the benefit of predictable performance in
your applicati on.

PerkinElmer offers a broad line of standard optoswitches in a
wide var iety o f packa ges and sensit ivities. Nevert heless, some
application s demand a totally custom device. Reco gnizing this
real need, PerkinElmer ’s engi neering and sal es department s are
experienced in working with the customer from initial concept
through design, prototype, and volume production.

A custo m design usually requires the co mmitm ent of valuable
resourc es. Perki nElmer revi ews requ ests for cu stom devi ces on
a case by case basis and reserves the right to decide if the
business potential warrant s the under taking of such a project.
The customer may be asked to share in the expense of
development.

PerkinElmer has designed and fabricated custom products for
many companies. Our staff can work closely with you and protect
your proprietary information.

Your inquiries to PerkinElmer should include electrical,
environ mental, an d mechanica l require ments. Also, infor mation
on anticipated volumes, price objectives, and lead times is
needed since th ese ofte n deter mine t he choic es of de sign and
tooling. “Ques ti ons t o Cons i der...” on the f ol lowing page outlin es
ke y question s which have to be an swered.

2

Questions to Consider on Your Custom Assemblies

This outline is provided to assist you in supplying the basic information needed to respond to your inquiry. Upfront information will help
expedite your answers.

Name of Engineering Contact: _____________________________________ Phone: _________________________________
Name of Quality Contact: _________________________________________ Phone: _________________________________
Name of Purchasing Contact: _____________________________________ Phone: _________________________________

Application

Describe the applic at i on

Indicate general nature of application
(consumer, business, industrial, medical,
aerospace, military)

Input/output circuits and waveforms

If a target is being sensed:
What is the target made of?
What is the size of target?
What is the relative positions between

targ et and senso r ?

Provide samples of hardw are and devices if possible

Electrical Requirements

V o ltage supply, min./max. limits
Maximu m voltage device must withstand
Maximum/minimum supply current
Required output signal, best & worst case
Ambient light condition
DC or pulsed operation
Electrical noise environment (EMI/RFI)

Duty Cycle

Used for how many hours each day?
Number of days/ w eek in normal operation
Electric al on-time
Electrical off-time

Environmental Requirements

Used indoors or outdoors?
Temp er ature ra nge (opera ting and stor age)
Humid i ty/moisture envi ronment
Shock/vibration requirements
Require d operating l i fe
Solvents device may be exposed to
Static electricity requirements
Other requirements (pressure, salt water exposure, etc.)

Mechani cal Requirements

Provide sketch
Can we propose changes to the physical layout?
How is device to be mounted?
How will you handle and install our device in your

production line?

Volume, Cost, and Lead Time Requirements

Total program volume
Peak delivery date requirement
Price Objectives
Dev elopment/i n production lead times

Timing

Prototypes needed by: _____________
Production quantities needed by: ______________

3

Overview of Custom Assembly Capabilities

Custom Modification to Standard Optoswitches

PerkinElmer can design and build a custom optoswitch that meets the exact requirements of your application. Our capabilities include:

• Testing a standard optoswitch to your unique electrical/optical requirements.

• Adding lead extensions to the standard optoswitch, with or without connectors.

• Offering special performance emitters and detectors in standard housings.

• Mounting optoswitches on a printed circuit board with or without other components.

• Providing a sub-assembly that is 100% tested to y our speci fications.

4

Overview of Custom Assembly Capabilities

Full Custom Optoswitch Designs

Full custom desi gns fill t he demand ing requirements of higher volume appli cations. These designs often include the:

• Design and tooling of a custom package geometry to house active optoelectronic components to meet space limitations.

• Special select i o n of em i tt e r s and detec t o r s un i quely suit e d for the appli ca t i o n.

• Complete design of a sub-assembly with input/output circuitry, special filters, lenses, cable harnesses, and terminations to provide
a system solution to your requirements.

5

Overview of Custom Assembly Capabilities

Silicon Detector Arrays

PerkinElmer produces a complete line of multielement silicon detectors. Consult your local sales representative or the factory to
deter mine wh ether on e of our pr e-too led arrays wi ll meet your speci fic needs, or if a cu stom desig n appro ach is req uired . Custom
detector arrays allow a wi de range of choice in:

• The number of elements.

• The geometry and positioning of the elements.

• Construction (monolithic, hybrid, or a combinations of the two).

• Packaging (herme tic, cast/molded, co nformal c oat, etc.).

• Electro-optical characteristics: sensitivities, spectral response, response times, and electrical characteristics.

6

Overview of Custom Assembly Capabilities

Optical Encoder Assemblies

PerkinElmer produces custom de si gned detector arrays for optical encoder appl i cations . De sign options includ e:

• Photodiode, phototransistor, and photod arlington de tector elem ents.

• One piece monolithic ch ip arra ys.

• Mul tiple chip hybrid arrays.

• Hybrid pack ages.

• Uni que mounting conf i gurations.

7

Overview of Custom Assembly Capabilities

Custom Ph otocells and Photocell A ssemblies

Photocells are low cost light detectors. They have a very wide dynamic range and can detect low illumination levels. PerkinElmer is the
world leader in CdS and CdSe photoconductive cells. Besides offering a wide range of standard products, PerkinElmer can:

• Select a standard device tested to your unique electrical/optical requirements.

• Develop a totally custom device — including hybrid designs.

• Provide 10 0% tested custom assemblies.

8

Case Studies of Custom Design Solutions

Optical Probes for a Teaching Lab

There is growing concern over the science and math skills of today’s
students. So, the emphasis is to present these subjects in formats that
are more intere sting for the student and easier for the teache r.

A new learning tool is available for kindergarten through college
students. It’s a microcomputer-based laboratory consisting of a base
unit, with various modules and probes, which attaches to a personal
computer and acts as the hub of a science lab. It helps to learn and to
teach science and math in new, more interesting ways by exploring
questions to reinforce the theory behind the answers. The modules
and probes connect to the base PC and allow for measurement of
temperatu re , light, pH, distance, etc.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics provides the light measurement probes
used with this system. Two light probes are available: a photometric
probe and radi om etric probe.

The photometric probe uses a photometrically corrected photodiode
that pro vides a spectral r esponse to light si milar to the human eye. The
radiometric probe offers a radiometrically corrected photodiode
providing an absolute measurement of light intensity and a nearly
uniform sensitivity across the entire visible spectrum.

These asse mb lies consist o f a custom designed photodiode chip and a
custom glass filter in a hermetic package. This is assembled into a
waterproof housing, with a cable assembly providing connection to a
specific module. The finished assemblies are individually computer
calibrated using a closely controlled light source. A filter holder is also
provided, allowing the introduction of additional filters into the light
path.

PerkinElmer is a certified supplier for this assembly. The units are
shipped directly to retail distribution with no need for incoming Q.C. at
the customer’s O.E.M. facility.

9

Case Studies for Custom Design Solutions

Sensors for X-Ray Detection

X-Ray security screening systems are seen in use wherever high
security and rapid screening of large items are required. This includes
airports, customs facilities, nuclear power plants, correctional
institutions, corporate mailrooms, and government buildings. These
systems allow complete screening of luggage, parcels, boxes, crates,
etc.

Security screening systems feature powerful X-Ray units capable of
penetrating up to 17 mm of steel. The x-rays are sensed by spatial
arrays of photodiode detectors, positioned to allow two dimensional
sensing. Items passing through a tunnel opening are scanned and
imaged, with the images displayed on a video monitor in black and
white or in computer enhanced color.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics provides linear X-Ray detector arrays for
these security systems. These arrays produce the line sensing
capability used for the detection of the X-Ray images with less than

0.10 mR total exposure.
Each PerkinElmer detector array consists of four, eight element

common cathode photodiode arrays positioned end to end, providing
32 in-line elements, diebonded to a printed circuit board. The
photodiode arrays are custom designed specifically for this application
and are 100% tested for light current and dark current. The arrays are
also 100% tested for response uniformity, which is the ratio of the
highest to lower light currents between the 32 detector elements. The
printed circuit board assemblies are manufactured to close
dimensional tolerances and are stackable end-to-end.

10

Case Studies of Custom Design Solutions

Optical Sensing Block for Medical Diagnosis

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics supplies sophisticated products to
medical elec tronics. One exampl e is a pair of hybrid package d em it ter­detector arrays used in a medical microbiology testing system. This in
vitro system is fully automated and offers the fastest microbiological
testing available. It shortens a patient’s hospital stay and allows the
physician to accurately and quickly select the most effective and least
expensi ve antimicrobi al.

This automated diagnostic system has four components:

1. Disposable test kits, including plastic cards used to identify
organism s and appr opriate antimicrobial s.

2. An instrument cabinet, containing a comput er, a mechanism f or
inoculati ng test cards, and a reader/incubator that houses the
PerkinElmer emitter and detector assemblies used to measure
the samples .

3. A data terminal and keyboard for communicating with and
controlling the system.

4. A printer for au tomatically reporting final test results.
Basically, the PerkinElmer detecto r a ssembly consists of a hy brid ar r ay

of precisely aligned phototransistor chips. These chips identify the test
card, and sense the attenuation of light passing through test card wells
containing enriched media and sample organisms. The light source is
a PerkinElmer emitter assembly consisting of a hybrid array of
precisely aligned light emitting diodes (LEDs). The testing system
controls temperature and timing exactly. The plastic cards are
automatically scanned hourly. The onboard computer interprets the
measurement re sult s and produces diagnostic r eports.

PerkinElmer’s role in the design and manufacture of these critical
emitter and detector assemblies centers on quality workmanship and
specially sel ected discrete and mul ti -e lement opto chips. A com par ator
is used for the precise alignment of the emitter and detector chips on
metallized ceramics, as well as for the precise alignment of the chrome
etched aperture cover glasses. The assemblies then undergo
extensive 100% computerized testing to assure performance.

11

Case Studies of Custom Design Solutions

Optical Control of Photocopy Quality

Sensing toner density in photocopiers is a major application of
optosensors, PerkinElmer Optoelectronics has years of experience in
helping customers with high perf ormance t oner control sensors.

For example, one photocopier customer had an infrared density control
that had problems with accuracy and repeatability. A density control
reads a test patch on the photoreceptor and reports to the system
microprocessor, which adjusts toner delivery and elect r ostatics.

We analyzed the existing assembly and determined that certain
aspects of opti cal performance had not bee n considered in the original
design. Based on these findings, the optical housing was retooled to
perform to specification.

Pe rkinEl m er also sol ved several circuit problems. T emperature stability
was improved by developing a higher shunt impedance detector. We
found that stability could be further improved by changing the value of
the nulling pot for one of the op-amps. Noise problems were traced to

an onboard voltage regulator. PerkinElmer recommended changing to
a new ve ndor and the problem was eli minated.

An additional problem occurred when the assembly’s PC board was
bolted to a calibration fixture. The calibration readings tended to shift
due to the stresses applied to the plastic packaged op-amp as the PC
board was secured . Changi ng from a plast ic to a rigid ceram ic packa ge
IC resolved this problem, assuming that the sensor would remain in
calibration during testing, shippin g and handling.

Prior to PerkinElmer’s improvements, the customer had begun a major
design program to add diagnostic features onboard, allowing their
servicemen to perform field calibration. However, the customer’s field
service calls, and the major design program was halted. This allowed
our customer to remain with the original design, and eliminate
calibration in the field—producing significant dollar savings.

12

Case Studies of Custom Design Solutions

Paper Sensing in Photocopy Machines

Paper is fed through a wide variety of office copiers and printers.
Automatic paper handlers need to sense the presence/absence and
position of the paper at the entry/exit ports of each operation in the
equipment. Reflective sensors like PerkinElmer Optoelectronics’
VTR24F1 are often used because they are non-contact sensors and
don’t interfere with the travel of paper through the machine. The
development of the original custom version of this sensor is a prime
example of how PerkinElmer can work with a customer from design
conception through final product ion.

The custom er for this pr oduct originally came to us with what appeared
to be a simple design request: design a low cost sensor to meet a
limited number of simple criteria. The finished device was to sense
white paper at a fixed distance from the sensor. The signal level
change had to fall within a certain range. We were given a target price
and a maximum physical size for the sensor.

The sensor w as designed and demonstrated. I t met all design and cost
goals. Tooling for the sensor case was committed and, upon
completion, pilot production devices were built. However, by the time

the evaluation was completed, the customer discovered that they had
missed some critical details in the original specification. They
determined that sensors would be needed in a number of additional
locations w it hin the machine a nd each had a different spaci ng between
sensor and paper. They also determined that the sensor should “trip”
its output within a certain range (± 2 m m ) of paper entry into a specified
target area. Finally, it was required that black paper should be as
detectable as white paper. In total, parameters were added which
required 32 separate tests to verify function under all operating
conditions.

A redesign was done by PerkinElmer and all of the new specs were
met. A special computerized tested was designed to perform all 32
tests—quickly. As the product was moved into production, the
additional costs were gradually reduced through process design
modification and the unit price returned to the original goal—in spite of
the large number of changes. Today, the unit price is lower than the
original goal and performance has been proven through hundreds of
thousands of parts and year s of service without a failure.

13

Standard Optoswitch Selection Guide

PACKAGE OUTLINE inch (mm) PART NO. FEATURES PAGE

Arrow Retro With PC Board Mount Leads

VTR16D1

LED Emitter

Phototransistor Detector

24

VTR16E1

LED Emitter

Photodarlington Detector

24

Arrow Retro With Flying Leads

VTR17D1

LED Emitter

Phototransistor Detector

26

VTR17E1

LED Emitter

Photodarlington Detector

26

“Matchbox” Retro With Flying Leads

VTR24F1

LED Emitter

Photodarlington Detector

Long Sensing Range

28

Slotted Switch With P.C.B. Mount Leads

VTL11D1
VTL11D3
VTL11D7

LED Emitter

Phototransistor Detector

34

VTL11D1-20
VTL11D3-20
VTL11D5-20
VTL11D6-20
VTL11D7-20

LED Emitter

Phototransistor Detector

20 mil Emitter Aperture

34

Slotted Switch With Flying Leads

VTL13D1
VTL13D3
VTL13D7

LED Emitter

Phototransistor Detector

36

VTL13D1-20
VTL13D3-20
VTL13D5-20
VTL13D6-20
VTL13D7-20

LED Emitter

Phototransistor Detector

20 mil Emitter Aperture

36

14

Standard Optoswitch Selection Guide

Slotted Switch With P.C.B. Mount Leads

VTL23D0A21
VTL23D0A22
VTL23D1A00
VTL23D1A22
VTL23D2A00
VTL23D3A00

LED Emitter

Phototransistor Detector

38

Slotted Switch With P.C.B. Mount Leads

—

Consult PerkinElmer for Av ailabilit y of

Devices in this Package

—

PACKAGE OUTLINE inch (mm) PART NO. FEATURES PAGE

15

Optoswitch Typical Applications

Why Us e Optical Switc hes?

Optical switches are used to provide non-contact motion or position sensing. Typical configurations include:

General Characteristics and Features

• Contain no mechanical parts to wear -out

• Provides non-con t a ct se nsing of obj ects

• Low power consumption, compatible with solid state electronics

• Low cost

• Capable of sensing any opaque object

• Small size

• Custom mec hanical configura ti ons available

• Can be specially selected or built to meet the requirements of your particular application

Slotted Swit ch

An obj ect is d et ect ed w hen i t ent ers the ga p of th e s lotte d s wi tch
and blocks the light path between the emitter and detector.

Retro Sensor

The retro sensor detects the presence of an object by emitting
light and then looking for its reflection off of the object to be
sensed.

16

Optoswitch Typical Applications

Optoswitches are often used in the following applications:

Printers and Typewriters

• Paper Sensor

• Paper Feed Detector

• Imprinting Head Position Detector

• Initial Head Position Detector

Floppy Disk Drives

• Track Zero Sensor

• Index Sensor

• Disk-in Sensor

• Write Protect Sensor

Vending Machines

• Coin Sensor

• Det ection of Goods

• Mechanism Position

Facsimiles

• Original Width Detection

• Initial Position Detection

• Final Position Dete ction

• Paper Out Detection

Industrial

• Rotat ional Sp eed/Positi on Detection ( Encode r)

• Dista nce Detectio n

• Obje ct Sensor

• Mechanism Position Detection

VHS/VHSC/8 mm VCR

• Tape Start

• Tape Load

• Tape End

• Reel Rotation

• Cassette Loading

Copiers

• Detect Paper Presence

• Toner Density Control

• Paper Carrier D et ection

• Drum Position Detector

• Cassette Size Detection

17

Standard Reflective Optoswitches

“Arrow” Retro Sensor Reflective Optoswitches

Features

• Sealed case — no dust collection i n holes or se ams

• Built-in infrared transmitting filter

• High Sensitivity

• Low cost module

• Printed circuit board mount or flying leads

• Wide sensing range (0-8 mm object to sensor)

• Small size (stackable)

• Slotted flange for single mounting screw

Product Description

This series of reflective optical switches combines an infrared
emitting diode (IRED) with an NPN phototransistor or
photodarlington in a one piece, sealed, IR transmitting plastic
case. Se aled con struct ion im proves resis tance to moistur e and
debris. Units are available with PC board mounting leads
(VTR16D1 and VTR16E1), or 12 inch, #26 AWG flying leads
(VTR1 7D1 and VTR1 7E1).

18

Standard Reflective Optoswitches

Notes On Using Reflective Switches

In its most basic form , a refle ctive optica l switch (retro ) cons ists
of a housing which holds both a light source and a detector. Light
from the lamp of LED radiates outward and is reflected back
should an object be placed in front of the switch. The reflected
light is sensed by the photodetector whose output signal
changes accordingly.

There are a number of different types of reflective sensors.
Designs var y depending upon the applicat ion. All have certain
characteristics in common. How well they detect an object
depends on:

1. Amount of light emitted by the light source.

2. Sensitivity of the photodetector.

3. Distance between the switch and the object being sensed.

4. The light reflecting properties of the object.

5. Ambient lighting conditions.

6. The perpendicularity of the reflective surface to the switch.

When the object to be sensed has a polished surface, suc h as
aluminum foil or mylar tape, often the best type of reflective
switch t o u se i s on e wh ich is de si gned to ta ke advan tag e of t he
large am ou nt of di r e ctly r ef l e cted li ght. This is do ne by mounting
the emit ter an d detect or such that t heir op tical ce nters lie alo ng
the legs of an isosceles triangle such that the angle of the
incidence of the emitter is equal to the angle of reflection.

When tr yi ng t o se nse m att e obj ect s (wh ic h do no t have a hig hly
polished surface, such as white paper), it is often possible to use
a type of ref lec tive swit ch op tim ize d for sen sin g dif fuse ref lec ted
light. Such devices have the emitter and detector mounted
para l le l to each other within th e switch housing.

Sensor Used with a Specular Reflectance Surface.

Sensor Used with a Diffuse Reflectance Surface.

Since triangulation is not necessary, the emitter and detector
elements can be located very close to each other. This allows for
a much smaller package than is usually possible for retros
designed to sense specularly reflected light. A retro designed to
sense d iffuse d ref lect ed lig ht ca n be the answer w hen sp ace is
at a premium.

19

Standard Reflective Optoswitches

T ypical Performance Curves For VTR16 & VTR17 Arrow Retros

Output Cu rrent vs. Position

(Refer To Test Method No. 2 Below)

Outpu t Cu rr ent vs. Position

(Refer T o Test Method No. 3 Below)

LED Forward Voltage Drop

T est Method No. 1 T est Method No. 2 Test Method No. 3

20

Standard Reflective Optoswitches

T ypical Performance Curves (cont.)

LED/Phot otrans is tor Sensors LED/Photoda rlington S ensors

Output vs. Input Current Output vs. Input Current

Output Cu rrent vs. Distance

(Refer T o Test Method No. 1, Page 20)

Outpu t Current vs. Di stance

(Refer To Test Method No. 1, Page 20)

21

Standard Reflective Optoswitches

T ypical Performance Curves (cont.)

LED/Phot otrans is tor Sensors LED/Photoda rlington S ensors

Relative Output vs . Temperature Relative Output vs. Temperature

Response Time vs. Load Resistance Response Time vs. Load Resistance

22

Reflective O ptoswitch

Arrow Retro with PCB Mount Leads

VTR16D1

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

This series of reflective optical switches combines an infrared emitting diode (IRED) with
an NPN ph ot o t ransist o r ( V TR 16D1) i n a one piece, se al e d, IR t ransmitting plasti c ca se.
The sealed construction improves resistance to moisture and debris. Units have PC
board mount leads. Refer to VTR17xx for devices with flying leads.

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Maximum Temperatures
Storage and Operating: -40°C to 85°C
Lead Sol dering Temperat ur e: 260°C ( 1.6 mm from case, 5 seconds max.)

GENERA L CH AR ACTERI S TIC S (@ 25°C unless otherwise noted)

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inch (mm)

Parameter Symbol Text Conditions Input IRED Output Detector

Reverse Voltage V

R

IR = 100 µA 2.0V Min.

Continuous Forward Current I

F

Derate 0.73 mA/°C above 30°C 40 mA Max.

Forward Voltage Drop V

F

IF = 20 mA 1.8V Max.

Collector Breakdown Voltage V

BR(CEO)

IC = 100 µA 30V Min.

Emitter Breakdown Voltage V

BR(ECO)

IE = 100 µA 5.0V Min.

Power Dissipation P

D

Derate 0.91 mW/°C above 30°C 50 mW Max.

VTR16D SCHEMATIC

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23

ELECTRO-OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS @ 25°C (See also curves, pages 19-21)

Notes:

1. The cas e m aterial is polysulfone and sh ould be cle aned with alcohol or freon TF only. Av oid chlorina ted hydrocarbons and
solvents such as acetone or toluene, as damage may result.

2. The ligh t current is m easured usi ng a 90% refl ective sur face at the specif i ed distance from Ref. A (ref er to Package Dim ension
Outline on previous page).

3. The dark current is measured with the part totally shielded from ambient light. With 2150 lux (200 fc) from a cool white
fluorescent lamp perpendicular to the sensing axis, the detector current will be typically 3 µA for VTR16D1. The same
illumination concentric to the sensing axis will result in a detector current of 50 µA for VTR16D1. Equivalent light from an
incandescent lamp will result in significantly greater currents.

4. With the specified IRED forward current and no reflecting surface, the crosstalk is typically less than 3 µA for VTR16D1.

5. VTR16D1 accommodates most applications.

PART NO.

(1) (5)

LIGHT CURRENT, IP

(2)

DARK CURRENT

(3) (4)

OUTPUT ELEMENT

DETECTOR DEVICE

mA Min.

Test Conditions

µA Max.

Test Conditions

I

F

mA VCE Volts

d

inches (mm)

IF mA VCE Volts

VTR16D1 0.3 20 5 0.10 (2.5) 0.1 0 5 Phototransistor

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24

Reflective O ptoswitch

Arrow Retro with Flying Leads

VTR17D1

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

This series of reflective optical switches combines an infrared emitting diode (IRED) with
an NPN ph ot o t ransist o r ( V TR 17D1) i n a one piece, se al e d, IR t ransmitting plasti c ca se.
The se aled const ruction improves res istance to moistur e and debr is. Units have 12",
#26 AWG leads. Refer to VTR16xx for devices with PC. board mounting leads.

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Maximum Temperatures
Storage and Operating: -40°C to 85°C
Operating Temperature: -40°C to 85°C

GENERA L CH AR ACTERI S TIC S (@ 25°C unless otherwise noted)

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inch (mm)

Parameter Symbol Text Conditions Input IRED Output Detector

Reverse Voltage V

R

IR = 100 µA 2.0V Min.

Continuous Forward Current I

F

Derate 0.73 mA/°C above 30°C 40 mA Max.

Forward Voltage Drop V

F

IF = 20 mA 1.8V Max.

Collector Breakdown Voltage V

BR(CEO)

IC = 100 µA 30V Min.

Emitter Breakdown Voltage V

BR(ECO)

IE = 100 µA 5.0V Min.

Power Dissipation P

D

Derate 0.91 mW/°C above 30°C 50 mW Max.

VTR17D SCHEMATIC

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25

ELECTRO-OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS @ 25°C (See also curves, pages 19-21)

Notes:

1. The cas e m aterial is polysulfone and sh ould be cle aned with alcohol or freon TF only. Av oid chlorina ted hydrocarbons and
solvents such as acetone or toluene, as damage may result.

2. The ligh t current is m easured usi ng a 90% refl ective sur face at the specif i ed distance from Ref. A (ref er to Package Dim ension
Outline on previous page).

3. The dark current is measured with the part totally shielded from ambient light. With 2150 lux (200 fc) from a cool white
fluorescent lamp perpendicular to the sensing axis, the detector current will be typically 3 µA for VTR17D1. The same
illumination concentric to the sensing axis will result in a detector current of 50 µA for VTR17D1. Equivalent light from an
incandescent lamp will result in significantly greater currents.

4. With the specified IRED forward current and no reflecting surface, the crosstalk is typically less than 3 µA for VTR17D1.

5. VTR17D1 accommodates most applications.

PART NO.

(1) (5)

LIGHT CURRENT, IP

(2)

DARK CURRENT

(3) (4)

OUTPUT EL EMENT

DETECTOR DEVICE

mA Min.

Test Conditions

µA Max.

Test Conditions

I

F

mA VCE Volts

d

inches (mm)

IF mA VCE Volts

VTR17D1 0.3 20 5 0.10 (2.5) 0.1 0 5 PHOTOTRANSISTOR

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics, 10900 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132 USA Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Web: www.perkinelmer.com/opto

26

Long Range
Retro-reflective Senso r

VTR24F1

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

This retro-reflective sensor combines an
infrared emitting diode and a unique
photodarlington output to provide high
sensitivity while rejecting ambient light. It has
a very long sensing range (up to 4 inches)
compared to ord inary retros.

The output of this sensor is activated when a
reflective surface is brought into its field of
view.

The sensor housing is molded polycarbonate
with a slotted flange for easy mounting.

FEATURES

• Low Cost

• Small Package Size

• Lon g Sensing Ra nge (up to 4
inches)

• Detects Low/Diffuse Reflectance
Surfaces

SPECIFICATIONS @ 25°C

NOTES

1. Distance to 90% reflectance paper = 0.6", VCE = 5V.

2. 100 fc fluorescent light incident upon target surface.

3. No target surface .

4. Referenced to optical centerline of sensor, VCE = 5V, IF = 2 0 mA.

5. Distance to 90% reflectance paper = 2.0", VCE = 5V.

TYPICAL TRIP POINT PERFORMANCE

(4)

Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Units

Output Current I

F

= 20 mA

(5)

I

P

615 mA

Ambient Sensitivity I

F

= 0 mA

(1) (2)

I

A

30 100 µA

Crosstalk I

F

= 20 mA

(3)

I

CX

530µA

Output Saturation Voltage

I

F

= 20 mA

(1)

IP = 10 mA

V

SAT

0.9 1.2 V

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27

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS @ 25°C UNLESS NOTED

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES @ 25°C

Output Current vs. Sensing Distance

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inches ( mm)

Parameter Symbol Rating Units

Temperature Range

Operating T

A

-40 to +85 °C

Storage T

S

-40 to +85 °C

Continuous Emitter Current I

F

40 mA

Output Power Dissipation (derate 1.36 mW/°C above 30°C)

IR Emitter P

D EMITTER

75 mW

IR Detector P

D DETECTOR

75 mW

Emitter Reverse Voltage V

R

2.0 V

Detector Voltage V

CE

30 V

Schematic

Specifications subject to change without
prior notice. Information supplied by
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics is believed to
be reliable, however, no responsibility is
assumed for possible inaccuracies or
omissions. The user should determine the
suitability of this product in his own
application. No patent rights are granted to
any devices or circuits described herein.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics, 10900 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132 USA Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Web: www.perkinelmer.com/opto

28

Standard Transmissive Optoswitches

Slotted Switch Transmissive Optoswitches

Features

• 0.125" (3.18 mm) slot

• Phototransi stor outp ut

• Ind ustry standar d PC Board mount or flying leads

•TTL compatible

• .00 5, .010, or .020 inch aperture s (VTL11D & VTL13D)

• .01 0, .020, or .040 inch apertures (VTL23D)

Product Description

This series of interrupter type optical switches combines an
infrared emitting diode (IRED) with an NPN phototransistor.
Units are available in two different case styles, wither a one
piece, sealed, IR transmitting plastic case (VTL11 and VTL13
series), or an opaque case (VTL23 series). Options also include
apertures over detector and/or emitter, and either PC board
mount leads or 12 inch, #26 AWG leads (VTL13 only).

29

Standard Transmissive Optoswitches

Notes On Using Slot ted Switches

Effects of External Light

An IR transmitting pla stic is use d for the ho using, providing a
sealed and seamless surface in the light path. Only visible light is
absorbed by the housing. Radiation with wavelengths longer
than 750 nm is transmitted. Fluorescent lamps primarily produce
visible light and the case provides adequate shielding for this
source of stray light. H owever, in ca ndescen t or sunli g ht contains
significant amounts of long wavelength light and will cause a
substa nt ial in crea se in colle ct or cur ren t. F o r these en v iro nm en ts,
the int erru pting vane sho uld be des igned to block l ight f rom the
IRED, as well as shield the detector from external stray light
sources. In extreme cases, the slo tted photo switch may have to
be mounted in a light shielding enclosure.

Effects of Apertures on P o sition Res o lut ion

Apertures can be installed inside the case to sense vane position
with higher resolution. Naturally, apertures also reduce output
current signal levels. The adjacent curves show how collector
current varies as a thi n vane i s inserted int o the cent er of the sl ot
of the se optoswitch es with no apertu re, with var ious aper tures
on the detector side only, and with apertures on both emitter and
detector sides.

When the vane is passe d ver y close to the de tecto r side, so me
improvement in sharpness of change in collector current is
made. If the vane is close to the emitter side, performance is
degraded. The major improvement in position sensitivity, ∆%/∆d,
is obtained with apertures on both emitter and detector sides, but
at the expense of decreased output signal. Position sensing
resolution is only slightly increased as the aperture width is
directly reduced. With very small apertures on both emitter and
detector, stray light may become a significant portion of the
signal. Stray li ght may originate from external source s or from
light piping through the plastic housing. The major improvement
in performance is obtained with an .020 inch aperture on the
emitt er side. Addi tional margin al improvemen ts are obtai ned by
adding smal ler ap er ture s on t he de tecto r side. Whe n aper tu res
are used on both the em itter and det ector sides, p erformance
variations as the interrupting vane or wheel wobbles from side­to-side in the slot are minimized.

Response Time

Response time is determined by the output device. The more
sensit ive swi tch es have h igh er sensi ti vi ty t ransi st ors w hic h have
slower r espon se as i s show n in the respon se tim e gra phs. The
response is much slower with high value load resistors. To
provide a suitable low resistance termination for fastest
response, use an external NPN transistor for current gain.
Quoted response time curves are for non-saturated switching.

30

Standard Transmissive Optoswitches

T ypical Performance Curves

LED Forw ard Voltage Drop Dark Current vs. Temperature

(Referred TO 25°C)

Relative Output vs. Input Current

(Referred TO 20 mA Input Current)

Output Current vs. Temperature

(Referred TO 25°C)

31

Standard Transmissive Optoswitches

T ypical Performance Curves (cont.)

Response Time vs. Load Resistance

(VTL11D & VTL13D)

Response Time vs . Load Resista n ce

(VTL23D)

32

Transmissive Optoswitch

Slotted Switch — 0. 395 High

VTL11D1 - D7

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

This ser i es of i nte rr upt er t ype tra ns missi ve op toswit ch es co mbi nes an inf rare d em itti ng
diode ( I R ED ) wi th an NPN phototr ansist o r i n a o ne piece, sea l ed, IR t ransmitt ing plastic
case. The sealed construction improves resistance to debris and moisture. Internal
apertures over detector and/or emitter are available to increase position sensing
resolution. These devices are furnished with PC board mount leads. Refer to VTL13 for
devices with flying leads.

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Maximum Temperatures
Storage and Operating: -40°C to 85°C
Lead Sol dering Temperat ure: 260°C (1 .6 mm from case, 5 seconds max.)

GENERA L CH AR ACTERI S TIC S (@ 25°C unless otherwise noted)

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inch (mm)

Parameter Symbol Text Conditions Input IRED Output Detector

Reverse Voltage V

R

IR = 100 µA 2.0V Min.

Continuous Forward Current I

F

Derate 0.73 mA/°C above 30°C 40 mA Max.

Forward Voltage Drop V

F

IF = 20 mA 1.8V Max.

Collector Breakdown Voltage V

BR(CEO)

IC = 100 µA 30V Min.

Emitter Breakdown Voltage V

BR(ECO)

IC = 100 µA 5.0V Min.

Power Dissipation P

D

Derate 0.91 mW/°C above 30°C 50 mW Max.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics, 10900 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132 USA Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Web: www.perkinelmer.com/opto

33

ELECTRO-OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS @ 25°C (See also curves, pages 30 & 31)

Notes:

1. The dark current is measured with the part totally shielded from ambient light. With 2150 lux (200 fc) from a cool white
fluorescent lamp falling on the part, the typical dark current will be 3 µA for VTL11D devices. Equivalent light from an
incandescent lamp will result in significantly greater currents.

2. The apertur es used for these slotted sw i tches are .040" (1.02 m m ) high.

3. The cas e m aterial is polysulfone and sh ould be cle aned with alcohol or freon TF only. Av oid chlorina ted hydrocarbons and
solvents such as acetone or toluene, as damage may result.

4. VTL11D7-20 accommodates most applications . The other parts in this series are ava ilable onl y for spe ci alized, hi gh volume
applications.

PART NO.

(4)

LIGHT CURRENT, I

P

DARK CURRENT

(1)

SA TURATI ON VOLTAGE

APERTURE

COMBINATION

(2)

mA Min.

Test Conditions

nA Max.

Test Conditions

Volts Max.

Test Conditions

I

F

mA VCE Volts IF mA VCE Volts IF mA IC mA Emitter Detector

VTL11D1 0.5 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 None None
VTL11D1-20 0.15 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 .020" Wide None
VTL11D3 2.0 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 1.8 None None
VTL11D3-20 0.6 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 1.8 .020" Wide None
VTL11D5-20 0.15 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 .020" Wide .010" Wide
VTL11D6-20 0.075 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 .020" Wide .005" Wide
VTL11D7 0.75 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 None .020" Wide

VTL11D7-20 0.225 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 .020" Wide .020" Wide

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34

Transmissive Optoswitch

Slotted Switch — 0. 395 High

VTL13D1 - D7

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

This ser i es of i nte rr upt er t ype tra ns missi ve op toswit ch es co mbi nes an inf rare d em itti ng
diode ( I R ED ) wi th an NPN phototr ansist o r i n a o ne piece, sea l ed, IR t ransmitt ing plastic
case. The sealed construction improves resistance to debris and moisture. Internal
apertures over detector and/or emitter are available to increase position sensing
resol ution . Thes e devices are fur nis hed wi th 12 in ch, #2 6 AWG leads. Re fer to V TL11
for devices with P.C.B. mount leads.

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Maximum Temperatures
Storage and Operating: -40°C to 85°C
Operating Temperature: -40°C to 85°C

GENERA L CH AR ACTERI S TIC S (@ 25°C unless otherwise noted)

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inch (mm)

Parameter Symbol Text Conditions Input IRED Output Detector

Reverse Voltage V

R

IR = 100 µA 2.0V Min.

Continuous Forward Current I

F

Derate 0.73 mA/°C above 30°C 40 mA Max.

Forward Voltage Drop V

F

IF = 20 mA 1.8V Max.

Collector Breakdown Voltage V

BR(CEO)

IC = 100 µA 30V Min.

Emitter Breakdown Voltage V

BR(ECO)

IC = 100 µA 5.0V Min.

Power Dissipation P

D

Derate 0.91 mW/°C above 30°C 50 mW Max.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics, 10900 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132 USA Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Web: www.perkinelmer.com/opto

35

ELECTRO-OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS @ 25°C (See also curves, pages 30 & 31)

Notes:

1. The dark current is measured with the part totally shielded from ambient light. With 2150 lux (200 fc) from a cool white
fluorescent lamp falling on the part, the typical dark current will be 3 µA for VTL13D devices. Equivalent light from an
incandescent lamp will result in significantly greater currents.

2. The apertur es used for these slotted sw i tches are .040" (1.02 m m ) high.

3. The cas e m aterial is polysulfone and sh ould be cle aned with alcohol or freon TF only. Av oid chlorina ted hydrocarbons and
solvents such as acetone or toluene, as damage may result.

4. VTL13D7-20 accommodates most applications . The other parts in this series are ava ilable onl y for spe ci alized, hi gh volume
applications.

PART NO.

(4)

LIGHT CURRENT, I

P

DARK CURRENT

(1)

SA TURATI ON VOLTAGE

APERTURE

COMBINATION

(2)

mA Min.

Test Conditions

nA Max.

Test Conditions

Volts Max.

Test Conditions

I

F

mA VCE Volts IF mA VCE Volts IF mA IC mA Emitter Detector

VTL13D1 0.5 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 None None
VTL13D1-20 0.15 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 .020" Wide None
VTL13D3 2.0 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 1.8 None None
VTL13D3-20 0.6 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 1.8 .020" Wide None
VTL13D5-20 0.15 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 .020" Wide .010" Wide
VTL13D6-20 0.075 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 .020" Wide .005" Wide
VTL13D7 0.75 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 None .020" Wide

VTL13D7-20 0.225 20 5 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.25 .020" Wide .020" Wide

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36

Transmissive Optoswitch

Slotted Switch — 0. 425 High

VTL23DxA Series

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

This ser i es of i nte rr upt er t ype tra ns missi ve op toswit ch es co mbi nes an inf rare d em itti ng
diode (IRED) with an NPN phototransistor in an opaque plastic case with two mounting
tabs. Visibl e light blocking dust covers are provided over th e . 04" (1.0 mm) wide molded ­in aper ture s. Smaller width exter nal ape rtur e covers are avail able to inc rease po sition
sensing resoluti on. These devices are furnished with P.C.board m ount leads.

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Maximum Temperatures
Storage and Operating: -40°C to 85°C
Lead Sol dering Temperat ure: 260°C (1 .6 mm from case, 5 seconds max.)

GENERA L CH AR ACTERI S TIC S (@ 25°C unless otherwise noted)

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inch (mm)

Parameter Symbol Text Conditions Input IRED Output Detector

Reverse Voltage V

R

IR = 100 µA 2.0V Min.

Continuous Forward Current I

F

Derate 0.73 mA/°C above 30°C 40 mA Max.

Forward Voltage Drop V

F

IF = 20 mA 1.8V Max.

Collector Breakdown Voltage V

BR(CEO)

IC = 100 µA 30V Min.

Emitter Breakdown Voltage V

BR(ECO)

IC = 100 µA 3.0V Min.

Power Dissipation P

D

Derate 0.91 mW/°C above 30°C 50 mW Max.

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37

ELECTRO-OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS @ 25°C (See also curves, pages 30 & 31)

Notes:

1. The dark current is measured with the part totally shielded from ambient light.

2. C on t a i ns a visible li ght blockin g du st cover ove r th e ap ertures.

3. The plastic case can be damaged by chlo ri nated hydrocarbons and ketones. Metha n ol isopropanol alcohols ar e recommended
as cleaning agents.

4. VTL23D1A22 accommodate s m ost applications. T he other parts in th is series are availa ble only for special ized, high volume
applications.

PART NO.

(4)

LIGHT CURRENT, I

P

DARK CURRENT

(1)

SATURATION VOLTAGE

EMITTER/DETECTOR

APERTURE WIDTH

(Aperture Length is .075")

mA Min.

Test Conditions

nA Max.

Test Conditions

Vo lts Max.

Test Conditions

I

F

mA VCE Volts IF mA VCE Volts IF mA IC mA

VTL23D0A21 0.2 20 10 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.1 .020" EM IT./.010" DET.
VTL23D0A22 0.2 20 10 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.1 .020" EMIT. & DET.
VTL23D1A00 0.5 20 10 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.4 .040" EMIT. & DET.

VTL23D1A22 0.5 20 10 100 0 10 0.4 20 0.4 .020" EMIT. & DET.

VTL23D2A00 2.5 20 10 100 0 10 0.6 20 1.8 .040" EMIT. & DET.

(2)

VTL23D3A00 1.0 10 10 100 0 10 0.4 10 0.8 .040" EMIT. & DET.

(2)

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics, 10900 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132 USA Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Web: www.perkinelmer.com/opto

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics warrants that all items sold will be free from defects in materials and
workmanship under normal use and service for a period of one year from the date of shipment. If
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics receives notice of such defects during the warranty period, PerkinElmer
Optoelectronics shall, at its option, repair or replace any defective components or credit the purchaser's
account with the purchase price paid. This warranty shall not apply to items that have been (a) subject
to misuse, neglect, accident, damage in transit, abuse or unusual hazard; (b) altered, modified or
repaired by anyone other than PerkinElmer Optoelectronics; or (c) used in violation of instructions
furnished by PerkinElmer Optoelectronics. The Buyer should contact PerkinElmer Optoelectronics for a
return authorization number prior to shipping returned parts.

The specific PerkinElmer Optoelectronics' products shown in this catalog are not authorized or
recommended for use as critical components in life support systems or in surgical implant devices
wherein a failure or malfunction of the PerkinElmer Optoelectronics product may directly threaten life or
cause personal injury. The Buyer agrees to notify PerkinElmer Optoelectronics of any such intended
application and to proceed only after receiving the expressed written approval of an officer of
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics. Additionally, the user of PerkinElmer Optoelectronics components in life
support or implant applications assumes all risks of such use and indemnifies PerkinElmer
Optoelectronics against all damages.

In order to provide the best possible products, PerkinElmer Optoelectronics reserves the right to change
specifications without prior notice. Information supplied in PerkinElmer Optoelectronics' catalogs, data
sheets, and other literature, and information supplied by PerkinElmer Optoelectronics' technical support
personnel is believed to be reliable, however, PerkinElmer Optoelectronics cannot assume responsibility
for omissions, errors, or misapplication of this information.

It is the responsibility of the Buyer to determine the suitability of PerkinElmer Optoelectronics/ products
and recommendations in his own specific application, particularly when the products are operated at or
near their maximum rating specifications. No license is granted by implication or otherwise of any
patent, copyright, or trademark right of PerkinElmer Optoelectronics or others.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics' warranty, as stated above, shall not be affected or changed by, and no
obligation or liability shall grow out of, PerkinElmer Optoelectronics' providing technical advice or service
to the Buyer.

PERKINELMER OPTOELECTRONICS MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, AND EXPRESSLY EXCLUDES AND DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED
HEREIN ARE THE BUYER'S SOLE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. PERKINELMER OPTOELECTRONICS
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY LEGAL THEORY. PERKINELMER
OPTOELECTRONICS' LIABILITY ON ANY CLAIM SHALL IN NO CASE EXCEED THE PRICE
ALLOCABLE TO THE ITEM WHICH GIVES RISE TO THE CLAIM.

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
Warranty Statement

PerkinElmer Optoelectronics’ business is the design, development, and production of optoelectronic components
and assemblies. Our development and manufacturing activities focus on achieving and maintaining consistent
product quality and high levels of reliability. PerkinElmer produces devices and assemblies for the commercial,
industrial, automotive, and medical markets.

PerkinElmer’s commitment to quality emphasizes designed-in quality, problem prevention, and closed loop
corrective action. This concept of quality is implemented through the use of fully documented procedures, in­process monitoring and process control (including SPC), and 100% production testing of devices using state-of­the-art automated test equipment. As a world class manufacturer, PerkinElmer’s concept of product quality
includes Total Quality Management (TQM) and Just In Time (JIT) delivery.

Quality is a measure of how well a device conforms to its specifications. Reliability is a measure of how well a
device performs over time. PerkinElmer insures the reliability of its products by careful design and by the
periodic testing of random samples taken from the manufacturing lines. Reliability tests include temperature
cycles, thermal shock, room ambient life tests, elevated temperature life tests, high and low temperature
storage, temperature/humidity tests, and water immersion.

PerkinElmer also performs special tests covering a wide range of environmental and life stress conditions to
support non-standard, custom applications. The information generated not only assures the customer that the
device will work well in a particular application, but also contributes to our data base for continual product
improvement.

Driven by our goal of continuous improvement and the needs of customers, PerkinElmer runs an active product
improvement program. PerkinElmer continuously evaluates new materials, manufacturing processes, and
packaging systems in order to provide our customers with the best possible product.

PerkinElmer’s quality works: we are an ISO 9000 and QS 9000 certified supplier (ship to stock - no inspection
required) to a number of major customers.

Quality Statement

.

USA:
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
10900 Page Avenue
St. Louis, MO 63132
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Europe:
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
Wenzel-Jaksch-Str. 31
D-65199 Wiesbaden
Germany
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Asia:
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
Room 1404, Kodak House II
39 Healthy Street East
North Point, Hong Kong
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

© 2001 PerkinElmer, Inc. All rights reserved. CA-275 Rev A1001

Additional Sensor Products Catalogs

www.perkinelmer.com/opto