• Divide-by-8 Clock for Synchronization of
Parallel Data to Interfacing Chips
• SONET Frame Recovery Circuitry
(VSC8022)
• Compatible with STS-3 to STS-48
SONET Applications
• Low Power Dissipation: 2.3W (Typ Per Chip)
• Standard ECL Power Supplies:
V
= -5.2V, VTT = -2.0V
EE
• Available in Commercial (0
(-40
°C to +85°C) Temperature Ranges
• Proven E/D Mode GaAs Technology
• 52-Pin Leaded Ceramic Chip Carrier
°C to +70°C) or Industrial
Functional Description
The VSC8021 and VSC8022 are high-speed SONET interface devices capable of handling serial data at
rates up to 2.5Gb/s. These devices can be used for STS-3 through STS-48 SONET applications.
These products are fabricated in gall ium arsenide usi ng the Vitesse H-GaAs
achieves high-speed and low power dissipation. These products are packaged in a ceramic 52-pin leaded
ceramic chip carrier.
E/D MESFET process which
VSC8021
The VSC8021 contain s an 8: 1 multiplexer and a self-positioni ng t ime r. The 8:1 multip lex er ac cept s 8 parallel differential ECL data inputs (D1-D8, D1N-D8N) at rates up to 312.5Mb/s and multiplexes them into a serial
differential bit stream output (DO, DON) at rates up to 2.5Gb/s.
The internal timing of the VSC8021 is built around the high-speed clock (up to 2.5GHz) delivered onto the
chip through a differential input (CLKI, CLKIN). Thi s si gnal i s subsequently echoed at the high-speed differential output (CO, CON).
The parallel data inputs are clocked to on-chip input registers with an externally supplied differential ECL
input (BYCLK, BYCLKN) operating at the same rate as the data inputs. An internal byte clock, which is a
divide-by-8 version of the high-speed clock, is used to transfer the data to a set of buffer registers. This internal
byte clock is brought off chip at the ECL output CLK8, CLK8N.
Internal circuitry monitors the in ternal and ext ernal byte cloc ks and gene rates an ERR sign al if a timing
violation is detected. Thi s sign al ca n be gated to the SYNC input which is edge sensitive high. An active SYNC
input allows the VSC8021 timing to shift, positioning it properly against the external byte clock, CLK8,
CLK8N. When a CLK8 timing switch is made, normal data flow will be invalid for 1 byte.
There are two clock inputs, CLKI and BYCLK, going into the VSC8021. These two clocks serve as timing
references for different parts of the VSC8021. The BYCLK is used to trigger the input registers for the parallel
data inputs, while the CLKI is used to trigger the high-speed serial output register as well as some of the timing
circuitry for the parallel to serial conversion. Furthermore, in order to make this part easy to use, the user is not
required to assume a known phase relationship between CLKI and the BYCLK.
An internal Phase Detector and Phase Adjust Circuit are used to facilitate the two asynchronous circuits to
work with each other. The Phase Detector and the Phase Adjust Circuit work together to adjust the internal
clock CLK8 to make sure the set up and hold conditions are met for the inter nal regi sters. CLK8 is derived from
CLKI and the RCLK is a non-phase varying byte clo ck output. The edge sensitiv e SYNC signal is simply the
control signal that enables the Phase Detector circuitry.
As a summary, the CLKI is the high-speed clock input. The BYCLK is the external byte clock. The CLK8
is the internal byte clock deriv ed from C LKI, phase-adjusted if SYNC is enabled. The RCLK is a no n-phaseadjusted divided-by-8 clock generated from CLKI. The phase of RCLK, RCLKN is not affected by the selfadjusting circuitry, therefore it can be used as a system reference cl ock . RCLK, RCLKN can be use d by the system designer to generate BYCLK, BYCLKN. The self-posit i oni ng timer and R CLK, RCLKN allow for the creation of very tight parallel data timing for the VSC8021.
The VSC8022 cont ains bot h a 1:8 demu ltiplex er and SON ET frame re covery c ircuitry. The 1:8 demult iplexer
accepts a serial data input (
(
D1-D8, D1N-D8N) at rates up to 312.5Mb/s. Valid parallel data outputs are indicated by the divide by 8 differential
clock outputs
The VSC8022 also contains a SONET frame recovery circuit. The frame recovery circuits are enabled by a falling edge on the
ing for the SONET framing sequence. Once the frame is detected, the word boundary is realigned, a confirmation
signal is sent off-chip through the
aligner is hunting for the frame,
BYCKO, BYCKON.
OOFN ECL input when the FDIS input is low. Once enabled, the frame recovery circuit starts look-
DI, DIN) at rates up to 2.5Gb/s and converts it into 8 parallel differential ECL data outputs
FP ECL output and the frame rec overy circuits are di sabled. While the fra me
BYCKO, BYCKON and parallel data are invalid.
Figure 2: VSC8022 Block Diagram
8-Bit MUX/DEMUX Chipset
D1
D1N
Serial Data In
High Speed
Clock Inputs
Frame recovery circuits are disabled by frame detection (resulting in FP) or by a falling edge on the OOFN
input while FDIS is high.
VSC8021 Multiplexer AC Characteristics (Over recommended operating conditions)
Figure 3: VSC8021 Multiplexer Waveforms
(1)
CLKI , CLKIN
High speed differential clock input
BYCLK (BYCLKN)
(1)
CLK8
D1-D8, D1N-D8N
High speed differential clock outputs
(2)
t
DSU
VALID DATA(1)
t
D
t
BCLK8
VALID DATA(2)
t
CMD
Data Sheet
High speed differential data outputs
SYNC
(1) Negative edge is active edge.
NOTES:
(2) BYCLK/CLK8 timing required when SYNC not connected to ERR.
period x 8 =period.CLKI (CLKIN)BYCLK (BYCLKN)
= Don’t care.
T able 1: VSC8021 Multiplexer AC Characteristics
(over recommended operating conditions)
D01D02D03 D04D05D06 D07D08
Serialized Byte 1
ParameterDescriptionMinTypMaxUnitsConditions
t
C
t
D
t
DSU
t
DH
t
CMD
t
BCLK8
Jitter (p-p)
NOTES: (1) The parts are guaranteed by design to operate from DC to a maxim um f requency of 2.5GHz.
Clock period
BYTE clock period (tD = tC x 8)3.2ns
Parallel data set-up time 0.6ns
Data hold time1.4ns
High-speed clock output (CO, CON) timing, falling
edge of CO to muxed data output, (DO, DON) timing
Byte clock to CLK8 timing
CLKI, CLKIN to DO, DON (max-min), (HI to LO),
VSC8022 AC Characteristics (Over recommended operating conditions)
Figure 4: VSC8022 Demultiplexer Waveforms
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
Internet: www.vitesse.com
Output Summary
Frame detection confirm output
NOTES:
1) Negative edge is active edge.
2) The parallel data outputs only begin showing valid data after the last A2 of the SONET framing sequen ce. Th e exam ple
waveforms shown above use an STS-3 framing sequence for convenience, thus valid data is output after the third
A2 in the sequence.
= Don’t care.
D2 (D2N)
D3 (D3N)
D4 (D4N)
D5 (D5N)
D6 (D6N)
D7 (D7N)
D8 (D8N)
Parallel Data•
(2)
FP
t
DFP
A1A1
A2A2A2
ValidDataValidData
ValidDataValidData
ValidDa taValidData
ValidDa taValidData
ValidDataValidData
ValidDa taValidData
ValidDa taValidData
DataDataDataData
t
PFP
2.5Gb/s SONET-Compatible
8-Bit MUX/DEMUX Chipset
Page 6
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
2.5Gb/s SONET-Compatible
8-Bit MUX/DEMUX Chipset
T a ble 2: VSC8022 Demultiplexer AC Characteristics
Parameter
t
C
t
D
t
BD
t
DFP
t
PFP
t
OOFN
t
OOFNPW
Phase
Margin
NOTE: (1) If tC changes, all the remaining parameters change as indicated by the equations.
Clock period
BYTE clock period (tD = tC x 8) (framed)3.2ns
BYTE clock output to valid data0.51.02.0ns
FP rising edge from parallel data output
change from A1 to A2 (t
FP pulse width ( t
OOFN falling edge before A1 chan
ges to A2 (t
OOFN pulse width (t
Serial data phase timing margin with respect
to high-speed clock:
Phase Margin =
DescriptionMinTypMaxUnitsConditions
(1)
= tD)
DFP
= tD)3.2 ns
PFP
= tD x 4)
OOFN
OOFNPW
+
t
SUtH
1
-------------------–
t
C
= tD)3.2ns
360°
400ps
3.2ns
12.8ns
135180degrees
Data Sheet
VSC8021/VSC8022
DC Characteristics
Table 3: Low Speed ECL Inputs and Outputs
(Over recommended operating range with internal V
Parameter
V
OH
V
OL
V
IH
V
IL
∆V
OUT
Note: Differential ECL output pins must be terminated identically.
Output HIGH volta ge-1020-700mVVIN = VIH (max) or VIL (min)
Output LOW voltageV
Input HIGH voltage-1150-600mV
Input LOW voltageV
Output voltage swing0.81.01.4VOutput load 50Ω to V
DescriptionMinTypMaxUnitsConditions
Table 4: High-Speed Inputs and Outputs
(Over recommended oper at ing conditions, V
Parameter
∆V
IN
V
OH
V
OL
∆V
OUT(DATA)
∆V
OUT(clk)
NOTES: (1) A reference genera tor is built in to each high- s peed input, and these inp uts are designed t o be AC -coupled.
(2) If a high-speed input is used single-ended, a 150pF capacitor must be connected between the unused high-speed or comple-
ment input and the po wer supply (VTT).
(3) Differential high-speed outputs must be terminated iden tically.
Input voltage swing0.81.01.2VAC-coupled
Output HIGH voltage-0.9VOutput load, 50Ω to -2.0V
Output LOW voltage-1.8VOutput load, 50Ω to -2.0V
Output voltage swing for data0.60.81.2VOutput load, 50Ω to -2.0V
Output voltage swing for clock0.60.71.2VOutput load, 50Ω to -2.0V
DescriptionMinTypMaxUnitsConditions
= GND, Output load = 50Ω to -2.0V)
CC
= GND, output load = 50Ω to -2.0V)
REF, VCC
TT
TT
-1620mVVIN = VIH (max) or VIL (min)
Guaranteed HIGH signal for
Power supply current from V
Power supply current from V
Power dissipation2.33.752.63.75W
EE
TT
400600450600mA
110200120200mA
(1)
Power Supply Voltage (VTT)..........................................................................................................-3.0V to + 0.5V
Power Supply Voltage (V
ECL Input Voltage Applied
High-Speed Input Voltage Applied
Output Current (DC, output HIGH) (I
Case Temperature Under Bias (T
Storage Temperature
)..................................................................................................VTT + 0.7V to -6.0V
EE
(2)
(3)
(V
(T
)......................................................................................................-65ºC to +150ºC
STG
) ........................................................................................-2.5V to + 0.5V
ECLIN
(2)
(V
) ...............................................................................................-55ºC to +125ºC
) .................................................................................................-50 mA
OUT
-0.7V to V
EE
CC
+ 0.7V
Recommended Operating Conditions
ECL Power Supply Voltage
Power Supply Voltage (V
Operating Temperature Range
Notes: (1) Caution: Stresses listed under “Absolute Maxi m um Ratings” may be a ppl i ed to devices one at a time wi t hout causing perma-
nent damage. Functionality at or exceeding the values listed is n ot implie d. Exposure to these values for extended periods may
affect device reliability.
(2) V
must be applied be fo re any inpu t s ig nal voltage magnitud e (V
TT
(3) Lower limit of specification is ambient temperature and upper limit is case temperature.
(4) When using internal ECL 100K reference level.
(T).............................(Commercial) 0ºC to +70ºC, (Industrial) -40ºC to +85ºC
ECLIN
and V
) can be greater than VTT -0.5V.
HSIN
ESD Ratings
Proper ESD procedures should be used when handling this product. The VSC8021/VSC8022 is rated to the following ESD voltages based on the human body model:
1. All ECL pins are rated at or above 1000V.
2. All high-speed clock and data pins at rated at or above 500V.
The SONET framing sequence is a string of A1 bytes followed by a string of A2 bytes. (A1 = 11110110 and A2
= 00101000). The first serial bit starts at the left of the byte. Table 6 shows the number of A1 and A2 bytes in each
SONET frame for different line rates. The VSC8022 contains a frame recovery circuit and a frame detection circuit.
Table 6: A1/A2 Byte Count
STS LevelLine Rate (Mb/s)# of A1 Bytes# of A2 Bytes
The frame recovery circuit is designed to scan the serial data stream, l ooking for the A1 byt e. When it finds
the A1 pattern, it adjusts in ternal ti ming so tha t the seria l data is properly de multip lexed o nto the e ight parall el
outputs. Subsequently, the MSB of the A1 byte will appear in the D1 position and LSB of the A1 byte will
appear in the D8 position. This word boundar y alignment causes the BY CKO, BYCKON output to be resynchronized. While the frame aligner is hunting for the frame, BYCKO and parallel data are invalid. Frame recovery circuits are disabled b y frame detect ion ( resulting in FP) or by a fall ing edg e on the OOFN input while FDI S
is high.
Frame Detection Circuit
The frame detection circuit monitors the demultiplexed data, and senses the boundary between A1 and A2
bytes. This pulse on th e FP out put wi ll re set t he f rame recov ery ci rcuit, so that no f urther resync hronizat ion will
occur until permission is given through OOFN.
Circuit Operation
The frame recovery circuits are initialized and enabled o n the falling edge of the OOF N ECL input with
FDIS held low. The OOFN must be at least one byte clock period wide. It must occur at least four byte clock
periods before the A1/A2 boundary. The circuit requires at least three A1 bytes followed by 3 A2 bytes for successful alignment. The first A1 byte is used by the frame recovery circuit to obtain initial word boundary alignment, while the follow ing t wo A1 a nd three A2 bytes are used to reset the fram e recove ry circu it and ma intain
alignment for the subsequ ent bit stream. Frame recogn ition will occur for each word boundary aligned
A1A1A2A2A2 sequence in the data stream. Frame rec ognit ion is sign aled by a one byte c lock peri od high pul se
on the FP ECL output pin. This FP pulse will app ear one byt e period aft er the first A2 byt e appear s on the para llel data output pins.
In the past, the high-speed inputs, which are typically used for serial data and high-speed clock inputs with
frequencies greater than 1GHz, were specified with absolute minimum and maximum voltage values. Since
these inputs are intended for AC-coupled applications, they have been re-specified in terms of a voltage swing
∆V
).
(
IN
High-speed clocks are intended for AC-coupled operation. In most situations high-speed serial data will
have high transition density and contai n no DC of f set s, maki ng them cand id at es for AC- coupli ng as wel l. However, it is possible to employ DC-Pcoupling when the serial input data contains a DC component.
The structure of the high-sp eed inpu t circui t is shown i n Figure 6 . DC-coupl ed circui ts may be use d to operate this input provided that the input swing is centered around the reference voltage. It is recommended that, in
single-ended DC-coupling situations, the user provide an external reference which has better temperature and
power supply rejection than the simple on-chip voltage divider. This external reference should have a nominal
value of -3.5V and can be connected to the complementary input . This compl i cat ion can be avo ide d in DC-coupled situations by using differential signals.
33VEEPwr-5.2VPower Supply for High-Speed Logic
34D1IECLParallel Data Bit 1, True
35D1NIECLParallel Data Bit 1, Complement
36VCCPwr0VGround
37D2IECLParallel Data Bit 2, True
38D2NIECLParallel Data Bit 2, Complement
39D3IECLParallel Data Bit 3, True
40D3NIECLParallel Data Bit 3, Complement
41D4IECLParallel Data Bit 4, True
42D4NIECLParallel Data Bit 4, Complement
43VCCPwr0VGround
44BYCLKIECLDivide-by-8 Clock, True
45BYCLKNIECLDivide-by-8 Clock, Complement
46VTTPwr-2.0VPower Supply for Internal Reference and Low Power Logic
47D5IECLParallel Data Bit 5, True
48D5NIECLParallel Data Bit 5, Complement
49VCCPwr0VGround
50D6IECLParallel Data Bit 6, True
51D6NIECLParallel Data Bit 6, Complement
52D7IECLParallel Data Bit 7, True
Data Sheet
VSC8021/VSC8022
NOTE: (1) Pin #23 is connected to the heat sink. Connect to VEE or most negative chip voltage.
1NCNo Connection
2NCNo Connection
3D2NOECLParallel Data Bit 2, Complement
4VCCPwr0VGround
5D2OECLParallel Data Bit 2, True
6D1NOECLParallel Data Bit 1, Complement
7VTTPwr-2.0
8D1OECLParallel Data Bit 1, True
9FP OECL
10VCCPwr0VGround
11FDISIECLFrame Recovery Disable
12OOFNIECLFra me Recovery Enable
13NCNo Connection
14NCNo Connection
15DIIHSHigh-Speed Serial Data Bit 1, True
16DINIHSHigh-Speed Serial Data Bit 1, Complement
17CLKIIHSHigh-Speed Clock, True
18VCCPwr0VGround
19CLKINIHSHigh-Speed Clock, C omplement
20NCNo Connection
21NCNo Connection
22NCNo Connection
23VEE
24NCNo Connection
25NCNo Connection
26NCNo Connection
27NCNo Connection
28NCNo Connection
29NCNo Connection
30VCCPwr0VGround
31D8NOECLParallel Data Bit 8, Complement
(1)
Pwr-5.2VPower Supply for High-Speed Logic
Power Supply for Internal Reference Generation and Low Power
Logic
Frame Pulse. This pulse will appear one byte period after the first
A2 byte appears on the parallel data output pins.
32D8OECLParallel Data Bit 8, True
33VEEPwr-5.2VPower Supply for High-Speed Logic
34D7NOECLParallel Data Bit 7, Complement
35D7OECLParallel Data Bit 7, True
36VCCPwr0VGround
37NCNo Connection
38D6NOECLParallel Data Bit 6, Complement
39D6OECLParallel Data Bit 6, True
40D5NOECLParallel Data Bit 5, Complement
41NCNo Connection
42D5OECLParallel Data Bit 5, True
43VCCPwr0VGround
44BYCKONOECLDivide-by-8 Clock, Complement
45NCNo Connection
46VTTPwr-2.0VPower Supply for Internal Reference and Low Power Logic
47BYCKOOECLDivide-by-8 Clock, True
48D4NOECLParallel Data Bit 4, Complement
49VCCPwr0VGround
50D4OECLParallel Data Bit 4, True
51D3NOECLParallel Data Bit 3, Complement
52D3OECLParallel Data Bit 3, True
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
2.5Gb/s SONET-Compatible
8-Bit MUX/DEMUX Chipset
NOTE: (1) Pin #23 is connected to the heat sink. Connect to VEE or most negative chip voltage.
C: Commercial (0°C to +70°C)
I: Industrial (-40°C to +85°C)
Package
F: Ceramic Leaded Chip Carrier (LDCC)
Notice
Vitesse Semiconductor Corporation (“Vitesse”) provides this docume nt for informational purpo s es only. All information in this docume nt, including descriptions of features, functions, performance, technical specifications and availability, is subject to change without notice at any time. Nothing contained in this document shall be co nstrued as extend ing any warra nty or promise, express or implie d, that any Vitesse product will be
available as described or will be suitable for or will accomplish any partic ul ar task.
Vitesse products are not intended for use in life support applia nc es, devices or systems. Use of a Vitesse product in such applications without written consent is prohibited.