The UC3842B, UC3843B series are high performance fixed
frequency current mode controllers. They are specifically designed for
Off−Line and DC−DC converter applications offering the designer a
cost−effective solution with minimal external components. These
integrated circuits feature a trimmed oscillator for precise duty cycle
control, a temperature compensated reference, high gain error
amplifier, current sensing comparator, and a high current totem pole
output ideally suited for driving a power MOSFET.
Also included are protective features consisting of input and
reference undervoltage lockouts each with hysteresis, cycle−by−cycle
current limiting, programmable output deadtime, and a latch for single
pulse metering.
These devices are available in an 8−pin dual−in−line and surface
mount (SOIC−8) plastic package as well as the 14−pin plastic surface
mount (SOIC−14). The SOIC−14 package has separate power and
ground pins for the totem pole output stage.
The UCX842B has UVLO thresholds of 16 V (on) and 10 V (off),
ideally suited for off−line converters. The UCX843B is tailored for
lower voltage applications having UVLO thresholds of 8.5 V (on) and
7.6 V (off).
Features
• Trimmed Oscillator for Precise Frequency Control
• Oscillator Frequency Guaranteed at 250 kHz
• Current Mode Operation to 500 kHz
• Automatic Feed Forward Compensation
• Latching PWM for Cycle−By−Cycle Current Limiting
• Internally Trimmed Reference with Undervoltage Lockout
• High Current Totem Pole Output
• Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
• Low Startup and Operating Current
• This is a Pb−Free and Halide−Free Device
V
7(12)
CC
V
ref
8(14)
R
T/CT
4(7)
Voltage
Feedback
Input
2(3)
Output
Compensation
1(1)
Pin numbers in parenthesis are for the D suffix SOIC−14 package.
+
-
Error
Amplifier
R
R
Oscillator
V
Undervoltage
Lockout
GND 5(9)
5.0V
Reference
ref
Latching
PWM
Figure 1. Simplified Block Diagram
V
CC
Undervoltage
Lockout
V
7(11)
Output
6(10)
5(8)
3(5)
C
Power
Ground
Current
Sense
Input
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PDIP−8
N SUFFIX
8
1
14
1
8
1
CASE 626
SOIC−14
D SUFFIX
CASE 751A
SOIC−8
D1 SUFFIX
CASE 751
PIN CONNECTIONS
(Top View)
(Top View)
8
V
ref
7
V
CC
6
Output
5
GND
14
V
ref
13
NC
12
V
CC
11
V
C
10
Output
9
GND
8
Power Ground
Compensation
Voltage Feedback
Current Sense
R
T/CT
Compensation
NC
Voltage Feedback
NC
Current Sense
NC
RT/C
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
T
ORDERING INFORMATION
See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package
dimensions section on page 17 of this data sheet.
DEVICE MARKING INFORMATION
See general marking information in the device marking
section on page 19 of this data sheet.
Bias and Driver Voltages (Zero Series Impedance, see also Total Device spec)VCC, V
C
Total Power Supply and Zener Current(ICC + IZ)30mA
Output Current, Source or SinkI
O
Output Energy (Capacitive Load per Cycle)W5.0
Current Sense and Voltage Feedback InputsV
Error Amp Output Sink CurrentI
in
O
Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics
D Suffix, Plastic Package, SOIC−14 Case 751A
Maximum Power Dissipation @ T
= 25°C
A
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Air
P
D
R
q
JA
D1 Suffix, Plastic Package, SOIC−8 Case 751
Maximum Power Dissipation @ T
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Air
N Suffix, Plastic Package, Case 626
Maximum Power Dissipation @ T
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Air
Operating Junction TemperatureT
Operating Ambient Temperature
= 25°C
A
= 25°C
A
P
D
R
q
JA
P
D
R
q
JA
J
T
A
UC3842B, UC3843B
UC2842B, UC2843B
UC3842BV, UC3843BV
Storage Temperature RangeT
stg
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the
Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect
device reliability.
1. This device series contains ESD protection and exceeds the following tests:
Human Body Model 4000 V per JEDEC Standard JESD22-A114B
Machine Model Method 200 V per JEDEC Standard JESD22-A115-A
2. This device contains latch-up protection and exceeds 100 mA per JEDEC Standard JESD78
30V
1.0A
mJ
− 0.3 to + 5.5V
10mA
862
145
702
178
1.25
100
mW
°C/W
mW
°C/W
W
°C/W
+150°C
°C
0 to 70
− 25 to + 85
−40 to +105
− 65 to +150°C
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V
is the operating ambient temperature range that applies [Note 4], unless otherwise noted.)
T
A
= 15 V [Note 3], RT = 10 k, CT = 3.3 nF. For typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values
CC
UC284XBUC384XB, XBV
CharacteristicsSymbolMinTypMaxMinTypMaxUnit
REFERENCE SECTION
Reference Output Voltage (I
Line Regulation (VCC = 12 V to 25 V)Reg
Load Regulation (IO = 1.0 mA to 20 mA)Reg
Temperature StabilityT
Total Output Variation over Line, Load, and TemperatureV
Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz, TJ = 25°C)V
= 1.0 mA, TJ = 25°C)V
O
ref
S
ref
n
line
load
4.955.05.054.95.05.1V
−2.020−2.020mV
−3.025−3.025mV
−0.2−−0.2−mV/°C
4.9−5.14.82−5.18V
−50−−50−
Long Term Stability (TA = 125°C for 1000 Hours)S−5.0−−5.0−mV
Output Short Circuit CurrentI
SC
− 30− 85−180− 30− 85−180mA
OSCILLATOR SECTION
Frequency
T
= 25°C
J
= T
T
to T
A
low
high
TJ = 25°C (RT = 6.2 k, CT = 1.0 nF)
Frequency Change with Voltage (VCC = 12 V to 25 V)
Frequency Change with Temperature, TA = T
low
to T
high
Oscillator Voltage Swing (Peak−to−Peak)V
Discharge Current (V
= 25°C, TA = T
T
J
OSC
low
= 2.0 V)
to T
high
UC284XB, UC384XB
= T
T
to T
A
low
UC384XBV
high
Df
Df
f
OSC
OSC
OSC
OSC
I
dischg
/DV
/DT
49
48
225
52
−
250
55
56
275
49
48
225
52
−
250
55
56
275
−0.21.0−0.21.0%
−1.0−−0.5−%
−1.6−−1.6−V
7.8
7.5
8.3
−
8.8
−
8.8
−
7.8
7.6
−
7.2
8.3
8.8
−
8.8
−
8.8
ERROR AMPLIFIER SECTION
Voltage Feedback Input (V
Input Bias Current (VFB = 5.0 V)I
Open Loop Voltage Gain (VO = 2.0 V to 4.0 V)A
= 2.5 V)V
O
FB
IB
VOL
2.452.52.552.422.52.58V
−− 0.1−1.0−− 0.1− 2.0
6590−6590−dB
Unity Gain Bandwidth (TJ = 25°C)BW0.71.0−0.71.0−MHz
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (VCC = 12 V to 25 V)PSRR6070−6070−dB
Output Current
Sink (V
O
Source (V
= 1.1 V, VFB = 2.7 V)
= 5.0 V, VFB = 2.3 V)
O
I
Sink
I
Source
2.0
− 0.512−1.0
−
−
2.0
− 0.512−1.0
−
−
Output Voltage Swing
High State (R
Low State (R
= 15 k to ground, VFB = 2.3 V)
L
= 15 k to V
L
, VFB = 2.7 V)
ref
UC284XB, UC384XB
UC384XBV
V
OH
V
OL
5.0
6.2
−
0.8
−
−
1.1
−
5.0
−
6.2
−
0.8
−
0.8
−
1.1
1.2
CURRENT SENSE SECTION
Current Sense Input Voltage Gain (Notes 5 and 6)
UC284XB, UC384XB
UC384XBV
Maximum Current Sense Input Threshold (Note 5)
UC284XB, UC384XB
UC384XBV
A
V
V
th
2.85−3.0−3.15−2.85
2.85
0.9
−
1.0−1.1
0.9
−
0.85
3.0
3.0
1.0
1.0
3.15
3.25
1.1
1.1
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (VCC = 12 V to 25 V, Note 5)PSRR−70−−70−dB
Input Bias CurrentI
Propagation Delay (Current Sense Input to Output)t
PLH(In/Out)
IB
−− 2.0−10−− 2.0−10
−150300−150300ns
3. Adjust VCC above the Startup threshold before setting to 15 V.
4. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
= 0°C for UC3842B, UC3843B; −25°C for UC2842B, UC2843B; −40°C for UC3842BV, UC3843BV
T
low
T
= +70°C for UC3842B, UC3843B; +85°C for UC2842B, UC2843B; +105°C for UC3842BV, UC3843BV
high
5. This parameter is measured at the latch trip point with V
6. Comparator gain is defined as: A
DV Output Compensation
V
DV Current Sense Input
FB
= 0 V.
mV
kHz
mA
mA
mA
V
V/V
V
mA
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V
T
is the operating ambient temperature range that applies [Note 8], unless otherwise noted.)
A
= 15 V [Note 7], RT = 10 k, CT = 3.3 nF. For typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values
CC
UC284XBUC384XB, XBV
CharacteristicsSymbolMinTypMaxMinTypMaxUnit
OUTPUT SECTION
Output Voltage
Low State (I
= 20 mA)
Sink
= 200 mA)UC284XB, UC384XB
(I
Sink
UC384XBV
High State (I
= 20 mA)UC284XB, UC384XB
Source
UC384XBV
= 200 mA)
(I
Source
Output Voltage with UVLO Activated (VCC = 6.0 V, I
= 1.0 mA)V
Sink
OL(UVLO)
Output Voltage Rise Time (CL = 1.0 nF, TJ = 25°C)t
Output Voltage Fall Time (CL = 1.0 nF, TJ = 25°C)t
V
OL
V
OH
r
f
−
13
12
0.1
−
1.6
−
13.5
−
13.4
0.4
2.2
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
13
12.9
12
0.1
1.6
1.6
13.5
13.5
13.4
−0.11.1−0.11.1V
−50150−50150ns
−50150−50150ns
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT SECTION
Startup Threshold (V
Minimum Operating Voltage After Turn−On (VCC)
CC
)
UCX842B, BV
UCX843B, BV
UCX842B, BV
UCX843B, BV
V
V
CC(min)
th
15
7.8168.4179.0
9.0
7.0107.6118.2
14.5
7.8168.4
8.5
7.0107.6
PWM SECTION
Duty Cycle
Maximum UC284XB, UC384XB
Maximum UC384XBV
Minimum
DC
DC
(max)
(min)
94
96
−
−
−
94
−
−
−
0
93
96
96
−
−
TOTAL DEVICE
Power Supply Current
Startup (V
Startup V
= 6.5 V for UCX843B,
CC
14 V for UCX842B, BV)
CC
(Note 7)
Power Supply Zener Voltage (ICC = 25 mA)V
I
+ I
CC
C
−
0.3120.5
−
Z
3036−3036−V
17
−
−
0.3120.5
7. Adjust VCC above the Startup threshold before setting to 15 V.
8. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
= 0°C for UC3842B, UC3843B; −25°C for UC2842B, UC2843B; −40°C for UC3842BV, UC3843BV
T
low
= +70°C for UC3842B, UC3843B; +85°C for UC2842B, UC2843B; +105°C for UC3842BV, UC3843BV
T
high
0.4
V
2.2
2.3
−
−
−
V
17.5
9.0
V
11.5
8.2
%
−
−
0
mA
17
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
Ω
, TIMING RESISTOR (k )
R
T
80
50
20
8.0
5.0
2.0
0.8
9.0
8.5
VCC = 15 V
TA = 25°C
f
, OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
OSC
Figure 2. Timing Resistor
versus Oscillator Frequency
VCC = 15 V
V
OSC
= 2.0 V
100
1. CT = 10 nF
2. C
= 5.0 nF
50
T
3. C
= 2.0 nF
T
4. C
= 1.0 nF
T
5. C
= 500 pF
20
T
6. C
7. CT = 100 pF
10
= 200 pF
T
1
5.0
2.0
% DT, PERCENT OUTPUT DEADTIME
1.0 M500 k200 k100 k50 k20 k10 k
1.0
f
, OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
OSC
2
5
VCC = 15 V
T
= 25°C
A
4
3
7
6
1.0 M500 k200 k100 k50 k20 k10 k
Figure 3. Output Deadtime
versus Oscillator Frequency
100
90
80
8.0
, DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
7.5
dischg
I
7.0
2.55 V
2.50 V
2.45 V
-55
-250255075100125
T
, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
A
Figure 4. Oscillator Discharge Current
versus Temperature
VCC = 15 V
A
= -1.0
V
TA = 25°C
, MAXIMUM OUTPUT DUTY CYCLE (%)
D
3.0 V
2.5 V
20 mV/DIV
2.0 V
max
I
= 8.54 mA
70
60
50
40
1.02.03.04.05.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
0.8
dischg
, TIMING RESISTOR (kW)
R
T
VCC = 15 V
C
T
Figure 5. Maximum Output Duty Cycle
versus Timing Resistor
= 3.3 nF
T
= 25°C
A
VCC = 15 V
A
= -1.0
V
TA = 25°C
20 mV/DIV
Figure 6. Error Amp Small Signal
Transient Response
1.0 ms/DIV0.5 ms/DIV
Figure 7. Error Amp Large Signal
Transient Response
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
ÄÄÄ
100
80
60
40
20
, OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
0
VOL
A
-20
Figure 8. Error Amp Open Loop Gain and
0
-4.0
-8.0
VCC = 15 V
V
= 2.0 V to 4.0 V
O
Gain
RL = 100 K
T
= 25°C
A
Phase
1001.0 k10 k100 k1.0 M
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
Phase versus Frequency
VCC = 15 V
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
10 M10
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
, EXCESS PHASE (DEGREES)
0.2
φ
, CURRENT SENSE INPUT THRESHOLD (V)
th
V
110
90
VCC = 15 V
TA = 25°C
TA = 125°C
TA = -55°C
0
0
2.04.06.08.0
, ERROR AMP OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
V
O
Figure 9. Current Sense Input Threshold
versus Error Amp Output Voltage
VCC = 15 V
≤ 0.1 W
R
L
-12
TA = 125°C
-16
-20
, REFERENCE VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV)
ref
V
Δ
-24
0
20406080100120
I
ref
Figure 10. Reference Voltage Change
, OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (2.0 mV/DIV)
O
V
Δ
Figure 12. Reference Load RegulationFigure 13. Reference Line Regulation
TA = -55°C
TA = 25°C
, REFERENCE SOURCE CURRENT (mA)
versus Source Current
VCC = 15 V
I
= 1.0 mA to 20 mA
O
TA = 25°C
2.0 ms/DIV2.0 ms/DIV
70
, REFERENCE SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)
50
-55
SC
I
-250255075100125
Figure 11. Reference Short Circuit Current
, OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (2.0 mV/DIV)
O
V
Δ
, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
T
A
versus Temperature
VCC = 12 V to 25
T
= 25°C
A
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
0
-1.0
-2.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
, OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE (V)
sat
V
0
, OUTPUT VOLTAGE
O
V, SUPPLY CURRENT
CC
I
V
CC
TA = 25°C
Source Saturation
(Load to Ground)
VCC = 15 V
80 ms Pulsed Load
120 Hz Rate
TA = -55°C
TA = -55°C
TA = 25°C
Sink Saturation
(Load to V
CC
GND
)
200400600
, OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT (mA)
I
O
Figure 14. Output Saturation Voltage
versus Load Current
VCC = 30 V
C
= 15 pF
L
T
= 25°C
A
100 ns/DIV
8000
100 mA/DIV20 V/DIV
90%
10%
25
20
15
10
, SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
CC
I
VCC = 15 V
C
= 1.0 nF
L
T
= 25°C
A
50 ns/DIV
Figure 15. Output Waveform
RT = 10 k
C
= 3.3 nF
T
V
= 0 V
5
0
0
UCX843B
UCX842B
10203040
V
, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
CC
FB
I
Sense
T
= 25°C
A
= 0 V
Figure 16. Output Cross Conduction
Figure 17. Supply Current versus Supply Voltage
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
8−Pin14−PinFunctionDescription
11CompensationThis pin is the Error Amplifier output and is made available for loop compensation.
23Voltage
Feedback
35Current
Sense
47RT/C
T
5GNDThis pin is the combined control circuitry and power ground.
610OutputThis output directly drives the gate of a power MOSFET. Peak currents up to 1.0 A are sourced
712V
814V
CC
ref
8Power
Ground
11V
C
9GNDThis pin is the control circuitry ground return and is connected back to the power source ground.
2,4,6,1
NCNo connection. These pins are not internally connected.
3
This is the inverting input of the Error Amplifier. It is normally connected to the switching power
supply output through a resistor divider.
A voltage proportional to inductor current is connected to this input. The PWM uses this
information to terminate the output switch conduction.
The Oscillator frequency and maximum Output duty cycle are programmed by connecting resistor
to V
R
and capacitor CT to ground. Operation to 500 kHz is possible.
T
ref
and sunk by this pin.
This pin is the positive supply of the control IC.
This is the reference output. It provides charging current for capacitor CT through resistor RT.
This pin is a separate power ground return that is connected back to the power source. It is used
to reduce the effects of switching transient noise on the control circuitry.
The Output high state (VOH) is set by the voltage applied to this pin. With a separate power
source connection, it can reduce the effects of switching transient noise on the control circuitry.
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
OPERATING DESCRIPTION
The UC3842B, UC3843B series are high performance,
fixed frequency, current mode controllers. They are
specifically designed for Off−Line and DC−to−DC
converter applications offering the designer a cost−effective
solution with minimal external components. A
representative block diagram is shown in Figure 19.
Oscillator
The oscillator frequency is programmed by the values
chosen for the timing components R
noted that the value of R
and CT. It must also be
T
uniquely determines the
T
maximum duty ratio of UC384xx. The oscillator
configuration depicting the connection of the timing
components to the R
Figure 18. Capacitor C
through resistor R
pin of the controller is shown in
T/CT
gets charged from the V
T
to its peak threshold V
T
source,
ref
RT/CT(peak)
typically 2.8 V. Upon reaching this peak threshold volage, an
internal 8.3 mA current source, I
voltage across C
across C
T
typically 1.2 V, I
charge up again from V
resulting waveform on the R
begins to decrease. Once the voltage
T
reaches its valley threshold, V
turns off. This allows capacitor C
dischg
. This entire cycle repeats, and the
ref
T/CT
, is enabled and the
dischg
RT/CT(valley)
T
pin has a sawtooth shape.
Typical waveforms are shown in Figure 20.
The oscillator thresholds are temperature compensated to
within ±6%
at50 kHz. Considering the general industry
trend of operating switching controllers at higher
frequencies, the UC384xx is guaranteed to operate within
±10% at 250 kHz
. These internal circuit refinements
minimize variations of oscillator frequency and maximum
duty ratio.
The charging and discharging times of the timing
capacitor CT are calculated using Equations 1 and 2. These
equations do not take into account the propagation delays of
the internal comparator. Hence, at higher frequencies, the
calculated value of the oscillator frequency differs from the
actual value.
t
RTńCT(chg)
t
RTńCT(dischg)
+ RTCTln
+ RTCTln
ǒ
RTI
The maximum duty ratio, D
D
+
max
t
RTńCT(chg)
V
RTńCT(valley)
ǒ
V
RTńCT(peak)
RTI
dischg
dischg
max
t
RTńCT(chg)
* V
ref
Ǔ
* V
ref
) V
) V
RTńCT(peak)
RTńCT(valley)
* V
* V
ref
is given by Equation 3.
) t
RTńCT(dischg)
(eq. 1)
Ǔ
ref
(eq. 2)
(eq. 3)
Substituting Equations 1 and 2 into Equation 3, and after
algebraic simplification, we obtain
V
RTńCT(valley)
ǒ
ln
V
D
+
max
V
ǒ
ln
V
RTńCT(valley)
RTńCT(peak)
*V
*V
ref
ref
RTńCT(peak)
@
RTI
RTI
dischg
dischg
*V
ref
*V
ref
)V
RTńCT(peak)
)V
RTńCT(valley)
Ǔ
*V
ref
Ǔ
*V
ref
(eq. 4)
Clearly, the maximum duty ratio is determined by the
timing resistor R
achieve a desired maximum duty ratio. Once R
selected, C
. Therefore, RT is chosen such as to
T
has been
T
can now be chosen to obtain the desired
T
switching frequency as per Equation 5.
f +
RTCTln
V
RTńCT(valley)
ǒ
V
RTńCT(peak)
,
*V
*V
1
RTI
ref
@
RTI
ref
dischg
RTńCT(peak)
)V
RTńCT(valley)
)V
dischg
*V
*V
ref
Ǔ
ref
(eq. 5)
Figure 2 shows the frequency and maximum duty ratio
variation
taken to ensure that the absolute minimum value of R
should not be less than 542 W. However, considering a 10%
,
to
tolerance for the timing resistor, the nearest available
versus R
for given values of CT. Care should be
T
T
standard resistor of 680 W is the absolute minimum that can
be used to guarantee normal oscillator operation. If a timing
resistor smaller than this value is used, then the charging
current through the R
,CT path will exceed the pulldown
T
(discharge) current and the oscillator will get permanently
locked/latched to an undefined state.
In many noise-sensitive applications it may be desirable
to frequency-lock the converter to an external system clock.
This can be accomplished by applying a clock signal to the
circuit shown in Figure 22. For reliable synchronization, the
free-running oscillator frequency should be set about 10%
less than the clock frequency. A method for multi-unit
synchronization is shown in Figure 23. By tailoring the
clock waveform, accurate Output duty ratio clamping can be
achieved.
V
ref
R
T
RT/C
T
I
Enable
dischg
C
Figure 18. Oscillator Configuration
2.8 V
1.2 V
T
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
Error Amplifier
A fully compensated Error Amplifier with access to the
inverting input and output is provided. It features a typical
DC voltage gain of 90 dB, and a unity gain bandwidth of
1.0 MHz with 57 degrees of phase margin (Figure 8). The
non−inverting input is internally biased at 2.5 V and is not
pinned out. The converter output voltage is typically divided
down and monitored by the inverting input. The maximum
input bias current is −2.0 mA which can cause an output
voltage error that is equal to the product of the input bias
current and the equivalent input divider source resistance.
The Error Amp Output (Pin 1) is provided for external
loop compensation (Figure 33). The output voltage is offset
by two diode drops (≈1.4 V) and divided by three before it
connects to the non−inverting input of the Current Sense
Comparator. This guarantees that no drive pulses appear at
the Output (Pin 6) when pin 1 is at its lowest state (V
OL
This occurs when the power supply is operating and the load
is removed, or at the beginning of a soft−start interval
(Figures 25, 26). The Error Amp minimum feedback
resistance is limited by the amplifier’s source current
(0.5 mA) and the required output voltage (V
) to reach the
OH
comparator’s 1.0 V clamp level:
R
f(min)
Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch
3.0 (1.0 V) + 1.4 V
≈
0.5 mA
= 8800 W
The UC3842B, UC3843B operate as a current mode
controller, whereby output switch conduction is initiated by
the oscillator and terminated when the peak inductor current
reaches the threshold level established by the Error
Amplifier Output/Compensation (Pin 1). Thus the error
signal controls the peak inductor current on a
cycle−by−cycle basis. The Current Sense Comparator PWM
Latch configuration used ensures that only a single pulse
appears at the Output during any given oscillator cycle. The
inductor current is converted to a voltage by inserting the
ground−referenced sense resistor R
in series with the
S
source of output switch Q1. This voltage is monitored by the
Current Sense Input (Pin 3) and compared to a level derived
from the Error Amp Output. The peak inductor current under
normal operating conditions is controlled by the voltage at
pin 1 where:
− 1.4 V
V
Ipk =
(Pin 1)
3 R
S
Abnormal operating conditions occur when the power
supply output is overloaded or if output voltage sensing is
lost. Under these conditions, the Current Sense Comparator
threshold will be internally clamped to 1.0 V. Therefore the
maximum peak switch current is:
).
I
pk(max)
1.0 V
=
R
S
When designing a high power switching regulator it
becomes desirable to reduce the internal clamp voltage in
order to keep the power dissipation of R
to a reasonable
S
level. A simple method to adjust this voltage is shown in
Figure 24. The two external diodes are used to compensate
the internal diodes, yielding a constant clamp voltage over
temperature. Erratic operation due to noise pickup can result
if there is an excessive reduction of the I
pk(max)
clamp
voltage.
A narrow spike on the leading edge of the current
waveform can usually be observed and may cause the power
supply to exhibit an instability when the output is lightly
loaded. This spike is due to the power transformer
interwinding capacitance and output rectifier recovery time.
The addition of an RC filter on the Current Sense Input with
a time constant that approximates the spike duration will
usually eliminate the instability (refer to Figure 28).
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
V
ref
8(14)
R
T
2.5V
R
Internal
Bias
R
3.6V
Oscillator
4(7)
C
T
Voltage
+
1.0mA
2R
Feedback
Input
Output/
Compensation
2(3)
1(1)
Error
Amplifier
GND
R
1.0V
5(9)
Pin numbers adjacent to terminals are for the 8-pin dual-in-line package.
Pin numbers in parenthesis are for the D suffix SOIC-14 package.
Reference
Regulator
+
V
ref
UVLO
Current Sense
Comparator
S
R
V
CC
UVLO
Q
PWM
Latch
V
CC
V
CC
7(12)
V
in
36V
(See
+
Text)
-
V
C
7(11)
Output
Q1
6(10)
Power Ground
5(8)
Current Sense Input
3(5)
R
S
= Sink Only Positive True Logic
Capacitor C
T
Latch
“Set" Input
Output/
Compensation
Current Sense
Input
Latch
“Reset" Input
Output
Figure 19. Representative Block Diagram
Large RT/Small C
T
Figure 20. Timing Diagram
Small RT/Large C
T
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
Undervoltage Lockout
Two undervoltage lockout comparators have been
incorporated to guarantee that the IC is fully functional
before the output stage is enabled. The positive power
supply terminal (V
) and the reference output (V
CC
ref
) are
each monitored by separate comparators. Each has built−in
hysteresis to prevent erratic output behavior as their
respective thresholds are crossed. The V
comparator
CC
upper and lower thresholds are 16 V/10 V for the UCX842B,
and 8.4 V/7.6 V for the UCX843B. The V
comparator
ref
upper and lower thresholds are 3.6 V/3.4 V. The large
hysteresis and low startup current of the UCX842B makes
it ideally suited in off−line converter applications where
efficient bootstrap startup techniques are required
(Figure 35). The UCX843B is intended for lower voltage
DC−to−DC converter applications. A 36 V Zener is
connected as a shunt regulator from V
to ground. Its
CC
purpose is to protect the IC from excessive voltage that can
occur during system startup. The minimum operating
voltage (V
) for the UCX842B is 11 V and 8.2 V for the
CC
UCX843B.
These devices contain a single totem pole output stage that
was specifically designed for direct drive of power
MOSFETs. It is capable of up to ±1.0 A peak drive current
and has a typical rise and fall time of 50 ns with a 1.0 nF load.
Additional internal circuitry has been added to keep the
Output in a sinking mode whenever an undervoltage lockout
is active. This characteristic eliminates the need for an
external pull−down resistor.
The SOIC−14 surface mount package provides separate
pins for V
(output supply) and Power Ground. Proper
C
implementation will significantly reduce the level of
switching transient noise imposed on the control circuitry.
This becomes particularly useful when reducing the I
pk(max)
clamp level. The separate VC supply input allows the
designer added flexibility in tailoring the drive voltage
independent of V
. A Zener clamp is typically connected
CC
to this input when driving power MOSFETs in systems
where V
is greater than 20 V. Figure 27 shows proper
CC
power and control ground connections in a current−sensing
power MOSFET application.
Reference
The 5.0 V bandgap reference is trimmed to ±1.0%
tolerance at T
= 25°C on the UC284XB, and ±2.0% on the
J
UC384XB. Its primary purpose is to supply charging current
to the oscillator timing capacitor. The reference has short−
circuit protection and is capable of providing in excess of
20 mA for powering additional control system circuitry.
Design Considerations
Do not attempt to construct the converter on
wire−wrap or plug−in prototype boards. High frequency
circuit layout techniques are imperative to prevent
pulse−width jitter. This is usually caused by excessive noise
pick−up imposed on the Current Sense or Voltage Feedback
inputs. Noise immunity can be improved by lowering circuit
impedances at these points. The printed circuit layout should
contain a ground plane with low−current signal and
high−current switch and output grounds returning on
separate paths back to the input filter capacitor. Ceramic
bypass capacitors (0.1 mF) connected directly to V
and V
may be required depending upon circuit layout.
ref
CC
, VC,
This provides a low impedance path for filtering the high
frequency noise. All high current loops should be kept as
short as possible using heavy copper runs to minimize
radiated EMI. The Error Amp compensation circuitry and
the converter output voltage divider should be located close
to the IC and as far as possible from the power switch and
other noise−generating components.
Current mode converters can exhibit subharmonic
oscillations when operating at a duty cycle greater than 50%
with continuous inductor current. This instability is
independent of the regulator’s closed loop characteristics
and is caused by the simultaneous operating conditions of
fixed frequency and peak current detecting. Figure 21A
shows the phenomenon graphically. At t
, switch
0
conduction begins, causing the inductor current to rise at a
slope of m
divided by the inductance. At t
. This slope is a function of the input voltage
1
, the Current Sense Input
1
reaches the threshold established by the control voltage.
This causes the switch to turn off and the current to decay at
a slope of m
, until the next oscillator cycle. The unstable
2
condition can be shown if a perturbation is added to the
control voltage, resulting in a small DI (dashed line). With
a fixed oscillator period, the current decay time is reduced,
and the minimum current at switch turn−on (t
by DI + DI m
) decreases to (DI + DI m2/m1) (m2/m1). This perturbation
(t
3
is multiplied by m
. The minimum current at the next cycle
2/m1
on each succeeding cycle, alternately
2/m1
) is increased
2
increasing and decreasing the inductor current at switch
turn−on. Several oscillator cycles may be required before
the inductor current reaches zero causing the process to
commence again. If m
is greater than 1, the converter
2/m1
will be unstable. Figure 21B shows that by adding an
artificial ramp that is synchronized with the PWM clock to
the control voltage, the DI perturbation will decrease to zero
on succeeding cycles. This compensating ramp (m
have a slope equal to or slightly greater than m
stability. With m
/2 slope compensation, the average
2
) must
3
/2 for
2
inductor current follows the control voltage, yielding true
current mode operation. The compensating ramp can be
derived from the oscillator and added to either the Voltage
Feedback or Current Sense inputs (Figure 34).
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
Control Voltage
Inductor
Current
Control Voltage
DI
DI
(A)
Dl ) Dl
m
2
m
2
m
1
Dl ) Dl
m
m
2
2
m
m
1
1
m
1
Oscillator Period
t
0
t
t
1
2
(B)
m
3
m
1
m
2
Oscillator Period
t
4
t
5
Figure 21. Continuous Current Waveforms
t
3
Inductor
Current
V
ref
8(14)
R
T
External
Sync
Input
t
6
The diode clamp is required if the Sync amplitude is large enough to cause the bottom
side of C
to go more than 300 mV below ground.
T
C
0.01
4(7)
T
2(3)
47
1(1)
R
Bias
R
Osc
+
2R
EA
R
5(9)
Figure 22. External Clock Synchronization
3
7
R
B
RA)2R
8(14)
4(7)
2(3)
1(1)
B
To Additional
UCX84XBs
R
A
84
R
B
6
5
2
C
1.44
f +
(RA )2RB)C
5.0k
R
5.0k
5.0k
1
Q
S
MC1455
D
(max)
+
Figure 23. External Duty Cycle Clamp and
Multi−Unit Synchronization
V
CC
7(12)
8(14)
R
Bias
R
Osc
+
2R
EA
R
5(9)
4(7)
R
2
2(3)
1(1)
R
1
V
Clamp
R
Bias
R
Osc
+
1.0 mA
) 1
2R
+ 0.33x10
Ǔ
EA
1.67
≈
R
2
ǒ
R
1
5.0V Ref
+
-
Clamp
V
≤ 1.0 V
Clamp
R
S
7(11)
6(10)
5(8)
3(5)
+
-
V
Clamp
R
1.0V
5(9)
-3
ǒ
R1) R
R1R
2
Ǔ
2
S
Q
R
Comp/Latch
Where: 0 ≤ V
I
pk(max)
[
V
in
Q1
R
S
Figure 24. Adjustable Reduction of Clamp Level
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
V
CC
7(12)
V
R
Where: 0 ≤ V
ƫ
+
-
Clamp
1.0V
5(9)
C
R1)R
5.0V Ref
R1R
Clamp
2
2
S
Q
R
Comp/Latch
≤ 1.0 V
I
pk(max)
[
+
-
7(11)
6(10)
5(8)
3(5)
V
Clamp
R
S
8(14)
8(14)
4(7)
2(3)
1.0M
1(1)
C
t
Soft-Start
R
R
+
EA
≈ 3600C in mF
Osc
Bias
1.0mA
2R
R
5.0V Ref
+
-
S
Q
1.0V
R
5(9)
C
4(7)
2(3)
R
2
1(1)
R
1
t
Soft
MPSA63
V
Clamp
Start
R
R
EA
[
+*In
Bias
Osc
+
1.0 mA
2R
1.67
R
2
ǒ
Ǔ
) 1
R
1
V
C
ƪ
1 *
3V
Clamp
V
in
Q1
R
S
Figure 25. Soft−Start CircuitFigure 26. Adjustable Buffered Reduction of
Clamp Level with Soft−Start
V
CC
(12)
5.0V Ref
+
-
S
R
Comp/Latch
Virtually lossless current sensing can be achieved with the implementation of a
SENSEFET power switch. For proper operation during over-current conditions, a
reduction of the I
pk(max)
+
-
(11)
(10)
Q
Control Circuitry Ground:
To Pin (9)
clamp level must be implemented. Refer to Figures 24 and 26.
(8)
(5)
G
R
S
1/4 W
V
in
V
Pin 5
If: SENSEFET = MTP10N10M
R
= 200
S
Then : V
D
SENSEFET
S
K
M
Power Ground:
To Input Source
Return
Figure 27. Current Sensing Power MOSFET
[
Pin5
RSIpkr
r
DM(on)
[ 0.075I
DS(on)
) R
pk
V
7(12)
+
-
CC
7(11)
6(10)
5(8)
3(5)
S
5.0V Ref
+
-
S
Q
R
Comp/Latch
The addition of the RC filter will eliminate instability caused by the leading
edge spike on the current waveform.
V
in
Q1
R
C
R
S
Figure 28. Current Waveform Spike Suppression
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UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
V
CC
7(12)
5.0V Ref
+
-
S
Q
R
Comp/Latch
Series gate resistor Rg will damp any high frequency parasitic oscillations
caused by the MOSFET input capacitance and any series wiring inductance in
the gate-source circuit.
+
-
7(11)
R
6(10)
5(8)
3(5)
Figure 29. MOSFET Parasitic Oscillations
V
CC
7(12)
5.0V Ref
+
-
S
Q
R
Comp/Latch
+
-
7(11)
6(10)
5(8)
3(5)
C
Isolation
Boundary
R
R
Q1
N
S
S
V
in
g
Q1
R
S
V
in
VGS Waveforms
+
0
50% DC25% DC
V
(Pin1)
Ipk +
3R
N
P
* 1.4
S
I
B
+
0
-
The totem pole output can furnish negative base current for enhanced
transistor turn-off, with the addition of capacitor C1.
Base Charge
Removal
6(10)
5(8)
3(5)
V
in
C1
Q1
R
S
Figure 30. Bipolar Transistor Drive
8(14)
4(7)
+
0
-
N
S
ǒ
Ǔ
N
p
MCR
101
The MCR101 SCR must be selected for a holding of < 0.5 mA @ T
transistor circuit can be used in place of the SCR as shown. All resistors are 10 k.
Error Amp compensation circuit for stabilizing any current mode topology except for boost and flyback
converters operating with continuous inductor current.
From V
O
R
p
R
i
C
p
Error Amp compensation circuit for stabilizing current mode boost and flyback
topologies operating with continuous inductor current.
C
f
R
d
Figure 33. Error Amplifier Compensation
1(1)
1(1)
2(3)
2(3)
2.5V
R
f
2.5V
R
f
+
1.0mA
2R
EA
+
EA
1.0mA
R
5(9)
2R
R
5(9)
From V
O
MPS3904
R
Slope
R
i
R
d
8(14)
R
T
R
Bias
R
EA
- 3.0m
+
Osc
1.0mA
2R
4(7)
C
T
2(3)
C
f
R
f
1(1)
5.0V Ref
+
-
-m
R
1.0V
S
Q
R
Comp/Latch
m
5(9)
The buffered oscillator ramp can be resistively summed with either the voltage
feedback or current sense inputs to provide slope compensation.
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER
ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. DIMENSION A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006)
PER SIDE.
5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL
IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT
MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION.
6. 751−01 THRU 751−06 ARE OBSOLETE. NEW
STANDARD IS 751−07.
*For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering
details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and
Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
4.0
0.155
1.270
0.050
SCALE 6:1
ǒ
inches
mm
Ǔ
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Page 22
−T−
SEATING
PLANE
UC3842B, UC3843B, UC2842B, UC2843B
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
SOIC−14
D SUFFIX
CASE 751A−03
ISSUE J
−A−
14
1
G
D 14 PL
0.25 (0.010)A
8
−B−
P
7 PL
M
0.25 (0.010)B
7
R
C
X 45
K
M
S
B
T
S
M
_
M
J
SOLDERING FOOTPRINT
7X
7.04
1
14X
0.58
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER
ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006)
PER SIDE.
5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE
DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE
DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127
(0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D
DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL
SENSEFET is a trademark of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC.
ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice
to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages.
“Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All
operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights
nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications
intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should
Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates,
and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death
associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION
LITERATURE FULFILLMENT:
Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor
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Phone: 303−675−2175 or 800−344−3860 Toll Free USA/Canada
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Email: orderlit@onsemi.com
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Europe, Middle East and Africa Technical Support:
Phone: 421 33 790 2910
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Phone: 81−3−5773−3850
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ON Semiconductor Website: www.onsemi.com
Order Literature: http://www.onsemi.com/orderlit
For additional information, please contact your local
Sales Representative
UC3842B/D
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