Datasheet TSL230B, TSL230, TSL230A Datasheet (TAOS)

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TSL230, TSL230A, TSL230B

PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTTOFREQUENCY CONVERTERS

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TAOS004 – MAY 1999

 High-Resolution Conversion of Light

(TOP VIEW)

Intensity to Frequency With No External Components

 Programmable Sensitivity and Full-Scale

Output Frequency

 Communicates Directly With a Microcontroller

GND

S0 S1

OUT

 Single-Supply Operation Down to 2.7 V,

With Power-Down Feature

 Absolute Output Frequency Tolerance of

±5% (TSL230B)

 Nonlinearity Error Typically 0.2% at 100 kHz  Stable 100 ppm/°C Temperature Coefficient

Description

The TSL230, TSL230A, and TSL230B programmable light-to-frequency converters combine a configurable silicon photodiode and a current-to-frequency converter on single monolithic CMOS integrated circuits. The output can be either a pulse train or a square wave (50% duty cycle) with frequency directly proportional to light intensity. Device sensitivity is selectable in three ranges, providing two decades of adjustment. The full-scale output frequency can be scaled by one of four preset values. All inputs and the output are TTL compatible, allowing direct two-way communication with a microcontroller for programming and output interface. An output enable (OE) is provided that places the output in the high-impedance state for multiple-unit sharing of a microcontroller input line. The devices are available with absolute-output-frequency tolerances of ±5% (TSL230B), ±10% (TSL230A), or ±20% (TSL230). Each circuit has been temperature compensated for the ultraviolet-to-visible-light range of 300 nm to 700 nm and are characterized for operation over the temperature range of –25°C to 70°C.

Terminal Functions Selectable Options

TERMINAL

NAME NO.

GND 4 Ground OE 3 I Enable for fO (active low) OUT 6 O Scaled-frequency (fO) output S0, S1 1, 2 I Sensitivity-select inputs S2, S3 7, 8 I fO scaling-select inputs V

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I/O DESCRIPTION

5 Supply voltage

Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Inc.

800 Jupiter Road, Suite 205  Plano, TX 75074  (972) 673-0759

S1 S0 SENSITIVITY

L H L H

Power Down

1×

10×

100×

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L L H H

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S3 S2

SCALING

(divide-by)

1 2

100

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TSL230, TSL230A, TSL230B PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTTOFREQUENCY CONVERTERS

TAOS004 – MAY 1999

Functional Block Diagram

Output

Light

Photodiode

S0 S1 S2 S3

Current-to-Frequency

Converter

Absolute Maximum Ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

Supply voltage, VDD (see Note 1) 6.5 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Input voltage range, all inputs, VI –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating free-air temperature range, TA –25°C to 70°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Storage temperature range –25°C to 85°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 260°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

†

Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only , and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

NOTE 1: All voltage values are with respect to GND.

Recommended Operating Conditions

MIN NOM MAX UNIT

Supply voltage, V High-level input voltage, V Low-level input voltage, V Operating free-air temperature range, T

VDD = 4.5 V to 5.5 V 2 V VDD = 4.5 V to 5.5 V 0 0.8 V

2.7 5 6 V

–25 70 °C

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TSL230, TSL230A, TSL230B

Out ut ulse

Nonlinearity

PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTTOFREQUENCY CONVERTERS

TAOS004 – MAY 1999

Electrical Characteristics at TA = 25°C, VDD = 5 V (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

SVS

Operating Characteristics at VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C

fOOutput frequency

†

Full-scale frequency is the maximum operating frequency of the device without saturation.

‡

Nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of fO from a straight line between zero and full scale, expressed as a percent of full scale.

Principal frequency is the internal oscillator frequency, equivalent to divide-by-1 output selection.

High-level output voltage IOH = –4 mA 4 4.3 V Low-level output voltage IOL = 4 mA 0.17 0.26 V High-level input current 1 µA Low-level input current 1 µA

Supply current Full-scale frequency

†

Power-on mode 2 3 mA Power-down mode 10 µA

1.1 MHz Temperature coefficient of output frequency λ ≤ 700 nm, –25°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C ±100 ppm/°C Supply voltage sensitivity VDD = 5 V ±10% 0.5 %/V

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS

TSL230 TSL230A TSL230B

MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX

S0 = H, S1 = S2 = S3 = L, Ee = 130 mW/cm2,

0.8 1 1.2 0.9 1 1.1 0.95 1 1.05 MHz

λp = 670 nm

Ee = 0, S0 = H, S1 = S2 = S3 = L

0.1 10 0.1 10 0.1 10 Hz

S1 = H, S0 = S2 = S3 = L, Ee = 13 mW/cm2,

0.8 1 1.2 0.9 1 1.1 0.95 1 1.05 MHz

λp = 670 nm

Ee = 0 S1 = H, S0 = S2 = S3 = L

0.13 10 0.13 10 0.13 10 Hz

S0 = S1 = H, S2 = S3 = L, Ee = 1.3 mW/cm2,

0.8 1 1.2 0.9 1 1.1 0.95 1 1.05 MHz

λp = 670 nm

Output pulse duration

Nonlinearity

‡

Recovery from power down

Step response to full-scale step input

Response time to programming

Ee = 0, S0 = S1 = H, S2 = S3 = L

S2 = S3 = L 125 550 125 550 125 550 ns S2 or S3 = H 1/2f f

= 0 MHz to 10 kHz ±0.1% ±0.1% ±0.1% %F.S.

= 0 MHz to 100 kHz ±0.2% ±0.2% ±0.2% %F.S.

= 0 MHz to 1 MHz ±0.5% ±0.5% ±0.5% %F.S.

0.5 10 0.5 10 0.5 10 Hz

1/2f

100 100 100 µs

1 pulse of new frequency plus 1 µs

2 periods of new principal frequency plus 1 µs

change Response time to

output enable (OE)

50 150 50 150 50 150 ns

UNIT

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TSL230, TSL230A, TSL230B PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTTOFREQUENCY CONVERTERS

TAOS004 – MAY 1999

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

OUTPUT FREQUENCY

PHOTODIODE SPECTRAL RESPONSIVITY

TA = 25°C

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

1000

VDD = 5 V

λp = 670 nm

100

TA = 25°C S2 = S3 = L

S0 = H, S1 = H

0.1

– Output Frequency – kHz

0.01

IRRADIANCE

S0 = L, S1 = H

Normalized Responsivity

S0 = H, S1 = L

0.001

0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10

100

VDD = 5 V Ee = 0

S2 = S3 = L

S0 = H, S1 = H

0.1

– Dark Frequency – Hzf

0.01

O(dark)

0.001

100 1 k

Ee – Irradiance – µW/cm

10 k 100 k 1 M

300 500 700 900

λ – Wavelength – nm

Figure 1 Figure 2

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT

DARK FREQUENCY

TEMPERATURE

S0 = L, S1 = H

S0 = H, S1 = L

10000

VDD = 5 V TA = 25°C to 70°C

8000

6000

4000

2000

OF OUTPUT FREQUENCY

WAVELENGTH OF INCIDENT LIGHT

1100400 600 800 1000

0.0001 – 25 0 25 50

TA – Temperature – °C

Temperature Coefficient of Output Frequency – ppm/

300 500 700 900

400 600 800 1000

λ – Wavelength of Incident Light – nm

Figure 3 Figure 4

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PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTTOFREQUENCY CONVERTERS

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

OUTPUT FREQUENCY

SUPPLY VOLTAGE

1.005

1.004

1.003

1.002

1.001

0.999

0.998

Normalized Output Frequency

0.997

0.996

TA = 25°C fO = 1 MHz

TSL230, TSL230A, TSL230B

TAOS004 – MAY 1999

0.995

2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 VDD – Supply Voltage – V

5 5.5

Figure 5

APPLICATION INFORMATION

Power-supply considerations

For optimum device performance, power-supply lines should be decoupled by a 0.01-µF to 0.1-µF capacitor with short leads.

Output interface

The output of the device is designed to drive a standard TTL or CMOS logic input over short distances. If lines greater than 12 inches are used on the output, a buffer or line driver is recommended.

Sensitivity adjustment

Sensitivity is controlled by two logic inputs, S0 and S1. Sensitivity is adjusted using an electronic iris technique — effectively an aperture control — to change the response of the device to a given amount of light. The sensitivity can be set to one of three levels: 1×, 10× or 100×, providing two decades of adjustment. This allows the responsivity of the device to be optimized to a given light level while preserving the full-scale output-frequency range. Changing of sensitivity also changes the effective photodiode area by the same factor .

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TSL230, TSL230A, TSL230B PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTTOFREQUENCY CONVERTERS

TAOS004 – MAY 1999

APPLICATION INFORMATION

Output-frequency scaling

Output-frequency scaling is controlled by two logic inputs, S2 and S3. Scaling is accomplished on chip by internally connecting the pulse-train output of the converter to a series of frequency dividers. Divided outputs available are divide-by 2, 10, 100, and 1 (no division). Divided outputs are 50 percent-duty-cycle square waves while the direct output (divide-by 1) is a fixed-pulse-width pulse train. Because division of the output frequency is accomplished by counting pulses of the principal (divide-by 1) frequency, the final-output period represents an average of n (where n is 2, 10, or 100) periods of the principal frequency. The output-scaling-counter registers are cleared upon the next pulse of the principal frequency after any transition of the S0, S1, S2, S3, or OE lines. The output goes high upon the next subsequent pulse of the principal frequency, beginning a new valid period. This minimizes the time delay between a change on the input lines and the resulting new output period in the divided output modes. In contrast with the sensitivity adjust, use of the divided outputs lowers both the full-scale frequency and the dark frequency by the selected scale factor.

The frequency-scaling function allows the output range to be optimized for a variety of measurement techniques. The divide-by-1 or straight-through output can be used with a frequency counter, pulse accumulator, or high-speed timer (period measurement). The divided-down outputs may be used where only a slower frequency counter is available, such as a low-cost microcontroller, or where period measurement techniques are used. The divide-by-10 and divide-by-100 outputs provide lower frequency ranges for high resolution-period measurement.

Measuring the frequency

The choice of interface and measurement technique depends on the desired resolution and data acquisition rate. For maximum data-acquisition rate, period-measurement techniques are used.

Using the divide-by-2 output, data can be collected at a rate of twice the output frequency or one data point every microsecond for full-scale output. Period measurement requires the use of a fast reference clock with available resolution directly related to reference-clock rate. Output scaling can be used to increase the resolution for a given clock rate or to maximize resolution as the light input changes. Period measurement is used to measure rapidly varying light levels or to make a very fast measurement of a constant light source.

Maximum resolution and accuracy may be obtained using frequency-measurement, pulse-accumulation, or integration techniques. Frequency measurements provide the added benefit of averaging out random- or high-frequency variations (jitter) resulting from noise in the light signal. Resolution is limited mainly by available counter registers and allowable measurement time. Frequency measurement is well suited for slowly varying or constant light levels and for reading average light levels over short periods of time. Integration (the accumulation of pulses over a very long period of time) can be used to measure exposure, the amount of light present in an area over a given time period.

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TSL230, TSL230A, TSL230B

PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTTOFREQUENCY CONVERTERS

TAOS004 – MAY 1999

MECHANICAL INFORMATION

This dual-in-line package consists of an integrated circuit mounted on a lead frame and encapsulated with an electrically nonconductive clear plastic compound. The photodiode area is typically 1.36 mm2 (0.0029 in2) (S0 = S1 = H).

0.430 (10,92)

8 Places

0.410 (10,41)

0.390 (9,91)

‡

0.020 (0,51) R NOM

4 Places

(Center of active area coincides

with package center.)

8° MAX TYP

0.053 (1,35)

0.043 (1,09)

Pin 1 S0 Pin 2 S1 Pin 3 OE Pin 4 GND Pin 5 V

Pin 6 OUT Pin 7 S2 Pin 8 S3

0.075 (1,91)

0.060 (1,52)

0.310 (7,87)

0.290 (7,37)

0.260 (6,60)

0.240 (6,10)

10° TYP

0.310 (7,87)

0.290 (7,37)

0.030 (0,76) D NOM

0.175 (4,45)

0.155 (3,94)

0.060 (1,52)

0.040 (1,02)

105°

0.020 (0,51) R MAX

4 Places

†

True position when unit is installed

‡

Minimum flat-optical-surface length

90°

8 Places

Seating Plane

0.012 (0,30)

0.008 (0,20)

0.016 (0,41)

0.014 (0,36)

0.067 (1,70)

0.053 (1,35)

NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches and parenthetically in millimeters.

B. This drawing is subject to change without notice. C. Index of refraction of clear plastic is 1.55.

0.025 (0,64)

0.015 (0,38)

0.100 (2,54) T.P.

0.150 (3,81)

0.125 (3,18)

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TSL230, TSL230A, TSL230B PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTTOFREQUENCY CONVERTERS

TAOS004 – MAY 1999

PRODUCTION DATA — information in this document is current at publication date. Products conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.

NOTICE

Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. (TAOS) reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this document to improve performance or for any other purpose, or to discontinue them without notice. Customers are advised to contact TAOS to obtain the latest product information before placing orders or designing TAOS products into systems.

TAOS assumes no responsibility for the use of any products or circuits described in this document or customer product design, conveys no license, either expressed or implied, under any patent or other right, and makes no representation that the circuits are free of patent infringement. TAOS further makes no claim as to the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does TAOS assume any liability arising out of the use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages.

TEXAS ADVANCED OPTOELECTRONIC SOLUTIONS, INC. PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED OR INTENDED FOR USE IN CRITICAL APPLICATIONS IN WHICH THE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION OF THE TAOS PRODUCT MAY RESUL T I N PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. USE OF T AOS PRODUCTS IN LIFE SUPPOR T SYSTEMS IS EXPRESSLY UNAUTHORIZED AND ANY SUCH USE BY A CUSTOMER IS COMPLETELY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.

TAOS, the TAOS logo, and Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions are trademarks of Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Incorporated.

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