The TK14588V is a standard function general purpose IF
IC capable of operating up to 22 MHz. The TK14588V
contains a high-speed data comparator for base band
processing. The TK14588V has a unique function that
allows establishing the demodulation characteristics by
changing the external RC time constant, and not changing
the phase shifter constant. The RSSI output is individually
trimmed, resulting in excellent accuracy, good linearity,
and stable temperature characteristics. The TK14588V
was developed for high-speed data communication, DECT,
wireless LAN, keyless entry systems, etc.
APPLICATIONS
■ Communications Equipment
■ Wireless LAN
■ Keyless Entry Systems
TK14588V
IF INPUT
DECOUPLE
DECOUPLE
NC
POWER SAVE
V
CC
COMP OUTPUT
COMP GND
BLOCK DIAGRAM
GND
RSSI
IF OUTPUT
DET INPUT
DET OUTPUT
AMP OUTPUT
COMP INPUT
COMP INPUT
The TK14588V is available in the very small TSSOP-16
surface mount package.
ORDERING INFORMATION
TK14588V
Tape/Reel Code
TAPE/REEL CODE
TL: Tape Left
GND
IF INPUT
DECOUPLE
DECOUPLE
DET OUTPUT
AMP OUTPUT
+
AMP
COMP
V
CC
NC
POWER SAVE
CC
V
COMP INPUT
+
-
COMP OUTPUT
COMP INPUT
COMP GND
GND
RSSI
IF OUTPUT
DET INPUT
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 1
Page 2
TK14588
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage ........................................................... 6 V
Operating Voltage Range.............................. 2.3 to 5.5 V
Power Dissipation (Note 1) ................................ 160 mW
TK14588V ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Test conditions: V
LOBMYSRETEMARAPSNOITIDNOCTSETNIMPYTXAMSTINU
= 3 V, fIN = 10.7 MHz, fm = 1 kHz, Modulation = ±50 kHz, T
CC
Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 °C
Operating Temperature Range ...................-30 to +85 °C
Operating Frequency Range (IF) ................. 6 to 22 MHz
Operating Frequecy Range (Demodulation) ..... to 1 MHz
= 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
A
I
CC
tnerruCylppuS
tupnioN,NO=evaSrewoP2.00.5Aµ
FI
tupnioN5.30.5Am
V
TUO
egatloVtuptuOtupnimBd03-021002063smrVm
DHTnoitrotsiDcinomraHlatoTtupnimBd03-5.00.2%
N/SoitaResioNotlangiStupnimBd03-0607Bd
DANISDANISBd2198-38-mBd
R
)NI(FI
ecnatsiseRtupnIretimiL4.18.12.2kΩ
GniaG9657Bd
ISSR
tupnioN00.002.003.0V
tupnidetaludom-nonmBd06-04.055.007.0V
V
ISSR
egatloVtuptuOISSR
tupnidetaludom-nonmBd03-50.102.104.1V
tupnidetaludom-nonmBd005.107.159.1V
ROTARAPMOC
D
R
I
TUO
Note 1: Power dissipation is 160 mW when mounted as recommended. Derate at 1.28 mW/°C for operation above 25°C.
oitaRytuD540555%
tnerruCtuptuO1Am
Page 2January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 3
TEST CIRCUIT
(
)
TK14588
50 Ω
GND
~
0.01 µF
0.01 µF
IF-INPUT
RSSI OUT
3.3 kΩ
12 kΩ
0.01 µF0.01 µF
1 pF
V
CC
836BH-0268 (TOKO)
1000 pF
51 kΩ
+
P.S.
0.01 µF
DET OUTPUT
AMP
V
CC
COMP INPUT
V
CC
+
4.7 µF
COMP
V
CC
COMP
10 kΩ
+
3 kΩ
10 kΩ
COMP
OUT
0.01 µF
-
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
S+N, N, AM OUT, TOTAL
HARMONIC DISTORTION vs.
0
INPUT VOLTAGE
-20
-40
-60
S+N,N, AM OUT (dBV)
-80
THD
-100
S+N
AM OUT
(30% mod.)
N
20
16
12
8
4
0
%
THD
(V)
RSSI
V
-120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20
VIN (dBm)
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 3
RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0
-120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20
VIN (dBm)
V
CC
5.5 V
3.0 V
2.3 V
Page 4
TK14588
(
)
(
)
(
)
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
DETUNE CHARACTERISTICS
-10
-20
V
OUT
-30
(mVrms)
-40
OUT
V
-50
-60
10.3 10.5 10.7 10.9 11.1
THD
fIN (MHz)
SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE,
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
300
I
260
CC
220
(dBV)
180
OUT
V
V
OUT
140
THD
100
2 3 4 5 6
VCC (V)
20
16
12
8
4
0
5
4
3
2
1
0
%
THD
(mA)
CC
THD (dB), I
S CURVE
3
2
(V)
OUT(DC)
1
V
0
10.3 10.5 10.7 10.9 11.1
fIN (MHz)
SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO,
-3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY,
12 dB SINAD vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
80
70
S/N
60
-3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY
S/N (dB)
50
40
30
2 3 4 5 6
12 dB SINAD
VCC (V)
-50
-60
-70
dBm
-80
-90
12 dB SINAD
-3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY,
-100
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, OUTPUT VOLTAGE,
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. TEMPERATURE
300
260
I
CC
220
V
(mVrms)
180
OUT
V
140
100
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
OUT
THD
TA (°C)
5
4
3
2
1
0
(mA)
CC
THD (%), I
80
70
60
S/N (dB)
50
40
30
SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO,
-3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY,
12 dB SINAD vs. TEMPERATURE
S/N
-3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY
12 dB SINAD
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA (°C)
-50
-60
-70
dBm
-80
-90
12 dB SINAD
-3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY,
-100
Page 4January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 5
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
TK14588
LIMITER GAIN vs.
INPUT FREQUENCY
100
80
60
40
GAIN (dB)
20
0
1 3 5 10 30 50
fIN (MHz)
Data Comparator Output Voltage Transient Response
(Rise)
OUT
(1V/div)
RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
TEMPERATURE
2.0
1.8
1.6
(V)
RSSI
1.4
V
VIN = 0 dBm
VIN = -15 dBm
1.2
1.0
VIN = -30 dBm
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA (°C)
(Fall)
OUT
(1V/div)
IN
(10 mV/div)
(10 mV/div)
IN
50 ns/div50 ns/div
RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
TEMPERATURE
1.0
VIN = -45 dBm
0.8
0.6
(V)
RSSI
0.4
V
VIN = -60 dBm
VIN = -75 dBm
0.2
0.0
VIN = -90 dBm
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA (°C)
(V)
RSSI
V
RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE
2.0
1.6
1.2
TEMP (deg)
-30
0.8
0.4
0.0
-120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20
0
25
50
70
85
VIN (dBm)
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 5
Page 6
TK14588
(
)
(
)
(
)
3
2
(V)
OUT(DC)
1
V
0
9.9 10.3 10.7 11.1 11.5
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
S CURVE
V
CC
836BH-0268 (TOKO)
RD = 3.3 k
fIN (MHz)
RD
1 pF
RD = 1.0 k
RD = 2.0 k
C
51 kΩ
DET OUTPUT
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
MODULATING FREQUENCY
2
0 dB = 208 mVrms
RD = 3.3 kΩ
0
(dB)
OUT
V
-2
-4
C = 1000 pF
-6
C = 330 pF
-8
-10
-12
1 3 10 30 100 300 1000
C = 47 pF
MODULATING FREQUENCY fm
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
MODULATING FREQUENCY
2
0 dB = 35.2 mVrms
RD = 1.0 kΩ
0
(dB)
OUT
V
-2
-4
C = 1000 pF
-6
C = 330 pF
-8
C = ∞
C = 10 pF
C = ∞
C = 10 pF
kHz
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
MODULATING FREQUENCY
2
0 dB = 107 mVrms
RD = 2.0 kΩ
0
(dB)
OUT
V
-2
-4
C = 1000 pF
-6
C = 330 pF
-8
-10
-12
1 3 10 30 100 300 1000
C = 47 pF
MODULATING FREQUENCY fm
C = ∞
C = 10 pF
kHz
-10
-12
1 3 10 30 100 300 1000
MODULATING FREQUENCY fm
C = 47 pF
kHz
Page 6January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 7
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
RSSI Output Voltage Transient Response (IF Input ON/OFF)
C
IF INPUT VOLTAGE
= -10, -40, -70 dBm
C = 0.01 µF
12 k
RSSI OUTPUT
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
SG
GATE PULSE
(1V/div)
TK14588
C = 0.001 µF
C = 0.0001 µF
0.1 ms/div
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
SG
GATE PULSE
(1V/div)
20 µs/div20 µs/div
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
SG
GATE PULSE
(1V/div)
0.1 ms/div
20 µs/div
20 µs/div
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 7
Page 8
TK14588
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
RSSI Output Voltage Transient Response (Power Save ON/OFF)
C
IF INPUT VOLTAGE
= -10, -40, -70 dBm
12 k
RSSI OUTPUT
C = 0.01 µF
C = 0.001 µF
POWER SAVE
(1V/div)
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
0.2 ms/div
POWER SAVE
(1V/div)
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
20 µs/div20 µs/div
0.2 ms/div
C = 0.0001 µF
POWER SAVE
(1V/div)
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
20 µs/div20 µs/div
Page 8January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 9
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
RSSI Output Voltage Transient Response (Supply Voltage ON)
C
IF INPUT VOLTAGE
= -10, -40, -70 dBm
12 k
RSSI OUTPUT
TK14588
C = 0.01 µF
C = 0.001 µF
0.5 ms/div
0.5 ms/div
V
CC
(1V/div)
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
V
CC
(1V/div)
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
C = 0.0001 µF
V
CC
(1V/div)
RSSI OUTPUT
-10 dBm in
-40 dBm in
-70 dBm in
(0.5V/div)
0.5 ms/div
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 9
Page 10
TK14588
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.
Detector Output Voltage Transient Response (Power Save ON/OFF,Supply Voltage ON)
IF INPUT VOLTAGE
= -40 dBm, No input
POWER SAVE ON/OFF
POWER SAVE
(1V/div)
DET OUTPUT
SUPPLY VOLTAGE ON
2 ms/div
-40 dBm in,
No input
(0.5V/div)
V
CC
(1V/div)
DET OUTPUT
-40 dBm in,
No input
(0.5V/div)
2 ms/div
2 ms/div
Page 10January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 11
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
LANIMRET
NIP
.ON
LOBMYSEGATLOV
TK14588
TIUCRICTNELAVIUQELANRETNINOITPIRCSED
1
2
3
TUPNIFI
ELPUOCED
ELPUOCED
V9.1
V9.1
V9.1
1.8 k
100 k
100 k
V
CC
4CN.noitcennoclanretnioN
5EVASREWOPV
6V
7
8
CC
TUOPMOC
DNGPMOCV0
S
100 k
100 k
V0.3
V
CC
reifilpmAgnitimiL:1
TUPNI
reifilpmAgnitimiL:3,2
gnilpuoceD
tsumnipsiht,revewoH
DNGotdetcennoceb
.noitcuderesionrof
:nOevaSrewoP
V
S
V3.0<
:ffOevaSrewoP
V
S
VotV5.1=
CC
rotarapmoCataD:7
tuptuO
rotarapmoCataD:8
DNG
9
01
TUPNIPMOC
TUPNIPMOC
V
CC
tupnI
rotarapmoCataD:01,9
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 11
Page 12
TK14588
V
CC
1.2 V
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
LANIMRET
NIP
.ON
LOBMYSEGATLOV
TIUCRICTNELAVIUQELANRETNINOITPIRCSED
11
21
TUPTUOPMA
TUPTUOTED
V2.1
V2.1
31TUPNITEDV0.3tupnIrotceteD
V
CC
41TUPTUOFIV9.1tuptuOretimiLFI
100 k
V
CC
tuptuOreifilpmA:11
tuptuOrotceteD:21
51ISSRtuptuOISSR
V
CC
61DNGV0
Page 12January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 13
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
TK14588
GND
GND
IF INPUT
RSSI
DECOUPLE
IF OUTPUT
DECOUPLE
DET INPUT
NC
DET OUTPUT
+
AMP
V
POWER SAVE
AMP OUTPUT
CC
CC
V
COMP INPUT
+
COMP
COMP OUTPUT
COMP INPUT
-
COMP GND
IF Limiter Amplifier, RSSI:
The IF limiter amplifier is composed of five differential gain stages. The total gain of the IF limiter amplifier is 80 dB. The
output signal of the IF limiter amplifier is provided at Pin 14 through the emitter-follower output stage. The IF limiter amplifier
output level is 0.5 V
P-P
.
The input resistance of the IF limiter amplifier is 1.8 kΩ (see Figure 1A). If the impedance of the filter is lower than 1.8
kΩ, connect an external resistor between Pin 1 and Pin 2 in parallel to provide the equivalent load impedance of the filter.
Figure 1A shows the case that the impedance of the filter is 330 Ω.
The operating current of the emitter-follower of the IF limiter amplifier output is 200 µA. If the capacitive load is heavy, the
negative half cycle of the output waveform may be distorted. This distortion can be reduced by connecting an external
resistor between Pin 14 to GND to increase the operating current. The increased operating current by an external resistor
is calculated as follows (see Figure 1B):
The increased operating current Ie (mA) = (VCC - 1.0) / Re (kΩ)
V
CC
330
FIGURE 1A
1.8 K
100 kΩ
200 µA
IF OUTPUT
I
e
FIGURE 1B
R
e
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 13
Page 14
TK14588
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.)
The RSSI output is a current output. It converts to a voltage by an external resistor between Pin 15 and GND. The time
constant of the RSSI output is determined by the product of the external converting resistance and parallel capacitance.
When the time constant is longer, the RSSI output is less likely to be influenced by a disturbance or the component of
amplitude modulation, but the RSSI output response is slower. Determine the external resistance and capacitance by the
application.
FIGURE 2 - RSSI OUTPUT STAGE
The slope of the RSSI curve characteristic can be modified by changing the external resistance. In this case, the maximum
range of converted RSSI output voltage is GND level to about VCC - 0.2 V (the supply voltage minus the collector saturation
voltage of the output transistor).
V
CC
OUTPUT
CURRENT
RSSI- OUT
Current-to-Voltage
Transformation Resistor
In addition, the temperature characteristic of the RSSI output voltage can be modified by changing the temperature
characteristic of the external resistor. Normally, the temperature characteristic of the RSSI output voltage is very stable
when using a carbon resistor or metal film resistor with a temperature characteristic is 0 to 200 ppm/ °C.
This product is very accurate, because the RSSI characteristic is trimmed individually.
AM Demodulation by Using the RSSI Output:
Although the distortion of the RSSI output is high because it is a logarithmic detection of the envelope to the IF input, AM
can be demodulated simply by using the RSSI output. In this case, the input dynamic range that can demodulate AM is
the inside of the linear portion of the RSSI curve characteristic (see Figure 3B).
This method does not have a feedback loop to control the gain because an AGC amplifier is not necessary (unlike the
popularly used AM demodulation method). Therefore, it is a very useful application for some uses because it does not
have the response time problem.
Figure 3A shows the AM demodulated waveform.
RSSI-OUT (V)
Operating Condition
VCC = 3 V, fIN = 10.7 MHz,
fm = 40 kHz, Mod = 80%,
VIN = 40 dBm
AM can be
demodulated
inside of linear
range
100mV/div
100µs/div
RF INPUT - LEVEL (dBu)
FIGURE 3A - AM DEMODULATED WAVEFORM
FIGURE 3B
Page 14January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 15
TK14588
V
CC
V
CC
QB
V
CC
QA
multiplier core circuit
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.)
FM Detector:
The FM detector is included in the quadrature FM detector using a Gilbert multiplier.
It is suitable for high speed data communication because the demodulation bandwidth is over 1 MHz.
The phase shifter is connected between Pin 14 (IF limiter output) and Pin 13 (input detector). Any available phase shifter
can be used: a LC resonance circuit, a ceramic discriminator, a delay line, etc.
Figure 4 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the detector.
FIGURE 4
The signal from the phase shifter is applied to the multiplier (in the dotted line) through emitter-follower stage QA. When
the phase shifter is connected between Pin 14 and Pin 13, note that the bias voltage to Pin 13 should be provided from
an external source because Pin 13 is only connected to the base of QA.
Because the base of QB (at the opposite side) is connected with the supply voltage, Pin 13 has to be biased with the
equivalent voltage.
Using an LC resonance circuit is not a problem (see Figure 5). However, when using a ceramic discriminator, it is necessary
to pay attention to bias. If there is a difference of the base voltages, the DC voltages of the multiplier do not balance. It
alters the DC zero point or worsens the distortion of demodulation output.
The Pin 13 input level should be saturated at the multiplier; if this level is lower, it is easy to disperse the modulation output.
Therefore, to have stable operation, Pin 13 should be higher than 100 mV
P-P
.
The following figures show examples of the phase shifter.
Rz is the characteristic impedance
V
CC
V
CC
Rz
Delay
Line
Rz
V
CC
LC resonance circuitceramic discriminatordelay line
FIGURE 5 - EXAMPLES OF PHASE SHIFTER
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 15
Page 16
TK14588
(Hz)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.)
Establishing Demodulation Characteristics:
Generally, demodulation characteristics of FM detectors are determined by the external phase shifter. However, this
product has a unique function which can optionally establish the demodulation characteristics by the time constant of the
circuit parts after demodulation. The following explains this concept.
Figure 6 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the detector output stage.
The multiplier output current of the detector is converted to a the voltage by the internal OP AMP. The characteristic of
this stage is determined by converting the current to voltage with resistor RO and the capacitor CO connected between Pin
11 and Pin 12 (see Figure 6).
In other words, the slope of the S-curve characteristic can be established optionally with resistor RO without changing the
constant of the phase shifter. The demodulated bandwidth can be established optionally by the time constant of this
external resistor RO and capacitor CO inside of a bandwidth of the IF-filter and phase shifter. Figure 7 shows an example
of this characteristic.
Demodulated
Output Current
FIGURE 6 - INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF DETECTOR OUTPUT STAGE
V
ref
io
I to V convertor
R
0
C
0
Demodulated
Output Voltage
V
OUT
The -3 dB frequency Fc is calculated by the following:
Fc =
1
2 π C0R
0
The S-curve output voltage is calculated by the following
as centering around the internal reference voltage V
V
= V
± io X R
ref
0
Where V
= 1.4 V, maximum of current io = ±100 µA
ref
OUT
:
ref
2
0 dB = 35.2 mVrms
0
-2
-4
(dB)
-6
OUT
V
-8
C = 1000 pF
-10
-12
1 3 10 30 100 300 1000
MODULATING FREQUENCY fm
C = 330 pF
C = ∞
10 pF
C =
47 pF
C =
Operating Condition:
Measured by the standard test circuit.
Parallel resistor to phase shift coil = 1 kΩ.
fIN = 10.7 MHz, modulation = ±100 kHz.
External capacitance CO = 0~1000 pF.
FIGURE 7 - EXAMPLE: BANDWIDTH OF DEMODULATION VS. TIME CONSTANT CHARACTERISTIC
Center Voltage of Detector DC Output:
The center voltage of the detector DC output is determined by the internal reference voltage source. It is impossible to
change this internal reference voltage source, but it is possible to change the center voltage by the following method.
As illustrated in Figure 8, the demodulated output current at Pin 12 is converted to the voltage by an external resistor R1
without using the internal OP AMP.
Figure 9 shows an example of a simple circuit that divides the supply voltage into halves using resistors. Since both circuits
have a high output impedance, an external buffer amplifier should be connected.
Page 16January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 17
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.)
V
ref
io
Demodulated
Output Current
VB
R1
FIGURE 8 - EXAMPLE OF USING EXTERNAL REFERENCE SOURCE
C1
I to V convertor
Demodulated
Output Voltage
V
OUT
TK14588
Demodulated Output Voltage V
Demodulated Bandwidth
1/gm is about 50 kΩ that is the output resistance of the
multiplier.
Pin 11 is disconnected.
= VB ± R1 x io
OUT
Fc =
2 π C1(1/gm)
1
Demodulated Output Voltage V
V
CC
R1
R2
C1
Demodulated
Output Voltage
V
OUT
Demodulated Bandwidth
1/gm is about 50 kΩ that is the output resistance of the
= VCC/2 ± R1 x io
OUT
Fc =
1
2 π C1(1/gm)
multiplier.
R1 = R2
Pin 11 is disconnected.
FIGURE 9 - EXAMPLE OF DIVIDING SUPPLY VOLTAGE INTO HALVES BY THE RESISTORS
Comparator:
The TK14588V contains a general purpose high-speed data comparator for the base band processing. Because the input
stage is composed of PNP transistors, it is possible to operate from a minimum voltage of 0.2 V to the supply voltage minus
0.9 V (see Figure 10).
Moreover, as the HFE of this PNP transistor is over 100, the bias current is below 0.01 µA (this is below 10% of the value
of the general products on the market using lateral PNP transistor at input stage).
INPUT STAGE
FIGURE 10 - COMPARATOR INPUT STAGE
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.Page 17
Page 18
TK14588
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.)
Comparator (cont.):
Figure 11 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the comparator output stage. Because the comparator output is an open
collector, it is suitable for many interface levels. This open collector output is connected with an electrostatic discharge
protection diode at the GND side only; it is not connected with it at the power supply side in consideration of operating the
voltage over the supply voltage of this IC.
When the collector pull-up resistor value is low, high operating currents result. To prevent interference to the other circuitry,
the emitter of the output transistor is brought out independently at Pin 8.
Pin 8 is not connected with the substrate and other GND internal to the IC. Therefore, when operating this comparator,
this terminal must be connected to GND.
When the comparator is operating at high speed, the etch pattern of Pins 7 and 8 (comparator output stage) should not
be run close to the etch pattern of Pin 1 (IF input). The switching waveform of the comparator output may have an effect
on the IF input and may add noise to the zero crossing of the demodulated waveform, resulting in cross over distortion.
V
CC
COMPARATOR
OUTPUT STAGE
1 mA
V
CC
FIGURE 11 - COMPARATOR OUTPUT STAGE
Power Save Function:
Pin 5 is the control terminal for the battery save function. The ON/OFF operation of the whole IC can be switched by
controlling the DC voltage at this terminal. Figure 12 shows the internal equivalent circuit of Pin 5.
Because it switches the bias circuit of the whole IC using the transistor in standby mode, it reduces the supply current to
near zero. As the input terminal is connected with an electrostatic discharge protection diode at GND side only, it is possible
to control the voltage above the supply voltage. It is possible to go into standby mode by disconnecting Pin 5, but it is not
recommended because Pin 5 is a high impedance and may malfunction by an external disturbance.
When Pin 5 is disconnected, a suitable capacitor should be connected between Pin 5 and GND.
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products without further notice. TOKO does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of
third parties which may result from the use of its products. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of TOKO, Inc.