Datasheet TK11250BUIB, TK11250BUCB, TK11250BMIL, TK11250BMCL, TK11249BUIB Datasheet (TOKO)

TK112xxB

20P

VOLT AGE REGULATOR WITH ON/OFF SWITCH

FEATURES

■ High Voltage Precision at ± 2.0%

■ Active High On/Off Control

■ Very Low Dropout Voltage 80 mV at 30 mA

■ Very Low Noise

■ Very Small SOT-23L or SOT-89 Surface Mount

Packages

■ Internal Thermal Shutdown

■ Short Circuit Protection

DESCRIPTION

The TK112xxB is a low dropout linear regulator with a built­in electronic switch. The internal switch can be controlled
by TTL or CMOS logic levels. The device is in the “on” state
when the control pin is pulled to a logic high level. An
external capacitor can be connected to the noise bypass
pin to lower the output noise level to 30 µVrms.

An internal PNP pass transistor is used to achieve a low
dropout voltage of 80 mV (typ.) at 30 mA load current. The
TK112xxB has a very low quiescent current of 170 µA at
no load and 1 mA with a 30 mA load. The standby current
is typically 100 nA. The internal thermal shut down circuitry
limits the junction temperature to below 150 °C. The load
current is internally monitored and the device will shut
down in the presence of a short circuit or overcurrent
condition at the output.

ORDERING INFORMATION

APPLICATIONS

■ Battery Powered Systems

■ Cellular Telephones

■ Pagers

■ Personal Communications Equipment

■ Portable Instrumentation

■ Portable Consumer Equipment

■ Radio Control Systems

■ Toys

■ Low Voltage Systems

The TK112xxB is available in either a 6-pin SOT-23L or a
5-pin SOT-89 surface mount package.

TK112xxB

V

IN

GND

V

OUT

V

GND

OUT

IN

SOT-23L

SOT-89

CONTROL

GND

NOISE BYPASS

NOISE BYPASS

GND

CONTROL V

TK112 B

Voltage Code

Package Code

VOLTAGE CODE

13 = 1.3 V 33 = 3.3 V
14 = 1.4 V 34 = 3.4 V
15 = 1.5 V 35 = 3.5 V
16 = 1.6 V 36 = 3.6 V
17 = 1.7 V 37 = 3.7 V
18 = 1.8 V 38 = 3.8 V
19 = 1.9 V 39 = 3.9 V
20 = 2.0 V 40 = 4.0 V
21 = 2.1 V 41 = 4.1 V
22 = 2.2 V 42 = 4.2 V
23 = 2.3 V 43 = 4.3 V
24 = 2.4 V 44 = 4.4 V
25 = 2.5 V 45 = 4.5 V
26 = 2.6 V 46 = 4.6 V
27 = 2.7 V 47 = 4.7 V
28 = 2.8 V 48 = 4.8 V
29 = 2.9 V 49 = 4.9 V
30 = 3.0 V 50 = 5.0 V
31 = 3.1 V 55 = 5.5 V
32 = 3.2 V 80 = 8.0 V

PACKAGE CODE:

M: SOT-23L
U: SOT-89

NOTE 1:

1.3 V to 1.9 V available
in SOT-23L package only.

NOTE 2:

1.3 V to 2.4 V available
in C temperature code

C) only.

(-30 to +80

Tape/Reel Code
Temp. Code

TAPE/REEL CODE

L: Tape Left (SOT-23L)
B: Tape Left (SOT-89)

TEMP. CODE:

C: -30 to +80 C
I: -40 to +85

C

V

CONTROL

IN

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 1

BLOCK DIAGRAM

THERMAL

PROTECTION

BANDGAP

REFERENCE

NOISE

BYPASS

V

GND

OUT

TK112xxB

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TK112xxBC (V

Supply Voltage ......................................................... 16 V

Power Dissipation SOT-23L (Note1).................. 600 mW

Power Dissipation SOT-89 (Note1).................... 900 mW

Reverse Bias............................................................ 10 V

Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 °C

Operating Temperature Range ...................-30 to +80 °C

Operating Voltage Range............................ 1.8 to 14.5 V

Junction Temperature ...........................................150 °C

OUT

TK112xxBC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V

Test conditions: T

LOBMYSRETEMARAPSNOITIDNOCTSETNIMPYTXAMSTINU

I

Q

I

YBTS

V

TUO

geReniLnoitalugeReniL

geRdaoLnoitalugeRdaoL

V

PORD

I

TUO

I

)ESLUP(TUO

RRnoitcejeRelppiR

V

ON

V

fer

= 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.

A

tnerruCtnecseiuQI

tnerruCybdnatSV

egatloVtuptuOI

egatloVtuoporD

TUO

NI

TUO

V

≤ )2etoN(,V5.50.302Vm

TUO

V

≥ )2etoN(,V6.55104Vm

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

tnerruCtuptuOsuounitnoC)2etoN(051Am

tnerruCtuptuOesluPelcycytud%5.21,eslupsm5081Am

VNIV=
V

ELPPIR

zH01 ≤ f ≤ C,zHk08

egatloVesioNtuptuO

C

N

I

TUO

lanimreTssapyBesioN

egatloV

IgnidulcxE,Am0=

TNOC

FFOtuptuO,V8=1.0Aµ

Am03=1elbaTeeSV

)2etoN(,Am06ot1=603Vm

)2etoN(,Am001ot1=8106Vm
)2etoN(,Am051ot1=3209Vm

)2etoN(,Am06=21.002.0V

)2etoN(,Am051=62.093.0V

C,zH004=f

L

TUO

V,Fµ1.0=

NC

C,Fµ01=

N

I,V5.1+

TUO

L

V=

TUO

)4,3setoN(,Am06=

≥ 2.0 V)

≥ 2.0 V)

OUT

,Fµ1.0=

,Am03=

)3etoN(,smrVm001=

,Fµ01=

,V5.1+

071052Aµ

06Bd

03smrVµ

52.1V

∆V

TUO

/∆T

tneiciffeoCerutarepmeTI

TUO

Am01=04C°/mpp

SNOITACIFICEPSLANIMRETLORTNOC

I

TNOC

V
V

Note 1: When mounted as recommended. Derate at 4.8 mW/°C for SOT-23L and 6.4 mW/°C for SOT-89 packages for operation above 25°C.
Note 2: Refer to “Definition of Terms.”
Note 3: Ripple rejection and noise voltage are affected by the value and characteristics of the capacitor used.
Note 4: Output noise voltage can be reduced by connecting a capacitor to a noise pass terminal.
Gen. Note: Parameters with min. or max. values are 100% tested at TA = 25 °C.

)NO(TNOC

)FFO(TNOC

tnerruClortnoCV

TNOC

NOtuptuO,V8.1=2153Aµ

NOegatloVlortnoCNOtuptuO8.1V

FFOegatloVlortnoCFFOtuptuO6.0V

Page 2 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

TK112xxB

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TK1121xBC (V

Supply Voltage ......................................................... 16 V

Power Dissipation SOT-23L (Note1).................. 600 mW

Power Dissipation SOT-89 (Note1).................... 900 mW

Reverse Bias.............................................................. 7 V

Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 °C

Operating Temperature Range ...................-30 to +80 °C

Operating Voltage Range............................ 1.8 to 14.5 V

Junction Temperature ...........................................150 °C

OUT

TK1121xBC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V

Test conditions: T

LOBMYSRETEMARAPSNOITIDNOCTSETNIMPYTXAMSTINU

I

Q

I

YBTS

V

TUO

geReniLnoitalugeReniL)2etoN(0.302Vm

geRdaoLnoitalugeRdaoL

I

TUO

I

)ESLUP(TUO

= 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.

A

tnerruCtnecseiuQI

tnerruCybdnatSV

egatloVtuptuOI

TUO

NI

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

V4.2 ≤ V

tnerruCtuptuOsuounitnoC

V

≥ )2etoN(,V6.2051Am

NI

tnerruCtuptuOesluP

IgnidulcxE,Am0=

TNOC

FFOtuptuO,V8=1.0Aµ

Am03=2elbaTeeSV

)2etoN(,Am06ot1=603Vm

)2etoN(,Am001ot1=8106Vm

≤ )2etoN(,V6.2031Am

NI

≥ ,V6.2

V,eslupsm5

NI

elcycytud%5.21

≤ 1.9 V)

≤ 1.9 V)

OUT

071052Aµ

081Am

RRnoitcejeRelppiR

V

ON

V

fer

∆V

/∆T

TUO

C,zH004=f

V

V=

NI

V

ELPPIR

L

TUO

zH01 ≤ f ≤ C,zHk08

egatloVesioNtuptuO

C

N

I

TUO

V,Fµ1.0=

NC

lanimreTssapyBesioN

egatloV

tneiciffeoCerutarepmeTI

TUO

Am01=04C°/mpp

C,Fµ01=

N

I,V5.1+

TUO

,Fµ1.0=

,Am03=

55Bd

)3etoN(,smrVm001=

L

V=

TUO

,Fµ01=

,V5.1+

03smrVµ

)4,3setoN(,Am06=

52.1V

SNOITACIFICEPSLANIMRETLORTNOC

I

TNOC

V
V

Note 1: When mounted as recommended. Derate at 4.8 mw/°C for SOT-23L and 6.4 mw/°C for SOT-89 packages for operation above 25 °C.
Note 2: Refer to “Definition of Terms.”
Note 3: Ripple rejection and noise voltage are affected by the value and characteristics of the capacitor used.
Note 4: Output noise voltage can be reduced by connecting a capacitor to a noise pass terminal.
Gen Note: Parameters with min. or max. values are 100% tested at TA = 25 °C.

)NO(TNOC

)FFO(TNOC

tnerruClortnoCV

TNOC

NOtuptuO,V8.1=2153Aµ

NOegatloVlortnoCNOtuptuO8.1V

FFOegatloVlortnoCFFOtuptuO6.0V

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 3

TK112xxB

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TK112xxBI (V

Supply Voltage ......................................................... 16 V

Power Dissipation SOT-23L (Note1).................. 600 mW

Power Dissipation SOT-89 (Note1).................... 900 mW

Reverse Bias............................................................ 10 V

Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 °C

Operating Temperature Range ...................-40 to +85 °C

Operating Voltage Range............................ 1.8 to 14.5 V

Junction Temperature ...........................................150 °C

OUT

TK112xxBI ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V

Test conditions: T

LOBMYSRETEMARAPSNOITIDNOCTSETNIMPYTXAMSTINU

I

Q

I

YBTS

V

TUO

geReniLnoitalugeReniL

geRdaoLnoitalugeRdaoL

V

PORD

I

TUO

I

)ESLUP(TUO

RRnoitcejeRelppiR

V

ON

V

fer

= -40 to 85 °C, unless otherwise specified.

A

tnerruCtnecseiuQI

tnerruCybdnatSV

egatloVtuptuOI

egatloVtuoporD

TUO

NI

TUO

V

TUO

V

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

I

TUO

Am03=3elbaTeeSV

≤ )2etoN(,V5.50.352Vm

tnerruCtuptuOsuounitnoC)2etoN(051Am

tnerruCtuptuOesluPelcycytud%5.21,eslupsm5081Am

C,zH004=f
VNIV=
V

ELPPIR

L

TUO

zH01 ≤ f ≤ C,zHk08

egatloVesioNtuptuO

C

N

I

TUO

V,Fµ1.0=

lanimreTssapyBesioN

egatloV

IgnidulcxE,Am0=

TNOC

FFOtuptuO,V8=2.0Aµ

)2etoN(,V6.55104Vm

)2etoN(,Am06ot1=604Vm

)2etoN(,Am001ot1=8108Vm
)2etoN(,Am051ot1=32011Vm

)2etoN(,Am06=21.032.0V

)2etoN(,Am051=62.004.0V

C,Fµ01=

N

I,V5.1+

TUO

L

V=

NC

TUO

)4,3setoN(,Am06=

≥ 2.5 V)

≥ 2.5 V)

OUT

,Fµ1.0=

,Am03=

)3etoN(,smrVm001=

,Fµ01=

,V5.1+

071003Aµ

06Bd

03smrVµ

52.1V

∆V

TUO

/∆T

tneiciffeoCerutarepmeTI

TUO

Am01=04C°/mpp

SNOITACIFICEPSLANIMRETLORTNOC

I

TNOC

V
V

Note 1: When mounted as recommended. Derate at 4.8 mw/°C for SOT-23L and 6.4 mw/°C for SOT-89 packages for operation above 25 °C.
Note 2: Refer to “Definition of Terms.”
Note 3: Ripple rejection and noise voltage are affected by the value and characteristics of the capacitor used.
Note 4: Output noise voltage can be reduced by connecting a capacitor to a noise pass terminal.
Gen Note: Parameters with min. or max. values are 100% tested at TA = 25 °C.
Gen Note: For Line Regulation, typ. and max. is changed to V

)NO(TNOC

)FFO(TNOC

tnerruClortnoCV

TNOC

NOtuptuO,V8.1=2104Aµ

NOegatloVlortnoCNOtuptuO0.2V

FFOegatloVlortnoCFFOtuptuO5.0V

> 5.6 V.

OUT

Page 4 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

TK112xxBMC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TABLE 1

Test conditions: T

Output Voltage V

Voltage Code Voltage

1.3 V 13 1.240 V 1.36 V 2.4 V

1.4 V 14 1.340 V 1.46 V 2.4 V

1.5 V 15 1.440 V 1.560 V 2.4 V

1.6 V 16 1.540 V 1.660 V 2.4 V

1.7 V 17 1.640 V 1.760 V 2.4 V

1.8 V 18 1.740 V 1.860 V 2.4 V

1.9 V 19 1.804 V 1.960 V 2.4 V

= 25 °C, I

A

OUT(MIN)

= 30 mA, unless otherwise specified.

OUT

V

OUT(MAX)

Test

TK112xxBC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TABLE 2

Test conditions: T

Output Voltage V

Voltage Code Voltage

2.0 V 20 1.940 V 2.060 V 3.0 V

2.1 V 21 2.040 V 2.160 V 3.1 V

2.2 V 22 2.140 V 2.260 V 3.2 V

2.3 V 23 2.240 V 2.360 V 3.3 V

2.4 V 24 2.340 V 2.460 V 3.4 V

2.5 V 25 2.440 V 2.560 V 3.5 V

2.6 V 26 2.540 V 2.660 V 3.6 V

2.7 V 27 2.640 V 2.760 V 3.7 V

2.8 V 28 2.740 V 2.860 V 3.8 V

2.9 V 29 2.840 V 2.960 V 3.9 V

3.0 V 30 2.940 V 3.060 V 4.0 V

3.1 V 31 3.040 V 3.160 V 4.1 V

3.2 V 32 3.140 V 3.260 V 4.2 V

3.3 V 33 3.240 V 3.360 V 4.3 V

3.4 V 34 3.335 V 3.465 V 4.4 V

3.5 V 35 3.435 V 3.565 V 4.5 V

3.6 V 36 3.535 V 3.665 V 4.6 V

= 25 °C, I

A

OUT(MIN)

= 30 mA, unless otherwise specified.

OUT

V

OUT(MAX)

Test

Output Voltage V

Voltage Code Voltage

3.7 V 37 3.630 V 3.770 V 4.7 V

3.8 V 38 3.725 V 3.875 V 4.8 V

3.9 V 39 3.825 V 3.975 V 4.9 V

4.0 V 40 3.920 V 4.080 V 5.0 V

4.1 V 41 4.020 V 4.180 V 5.1 V

4.2 V 42 4.120 V 4.280 V 5.2 V

4.3 V 43 4.215 V 4.385 V 5.3 V

4.4 V 44 4.315 V 4.485 V 5.4 V

4.5 V 45 4.410 V 4.590 V 5.5 V

4.6 V 46 4.510 V 4.690 V 5.6 V

4.7 V 47 4.605 V 4.795 V 5.7 V

4.8 V 48 4.705 V 4.895 V 5.8 V

4.9 V 49 4.800 V 5.000 V 5.9 V

5.0 V 50 4.900 V 5.100 V 6.0 V

5.5 V 55 5.390 V 5.610 V 6.5 V

8.0 V 80 7.840 V 8.160 V 9.0 V

OUT(MIN)

TK112xxB

V

OUT(MAX)

Test

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 5

TK112xxB

TK112xxBI ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TABLE 3

Test Conditions: VIN = V

Room Temp. Range (TA = 25 °C) Full Temp. Range (TA = -40 to +85 °C)

Output Voltage V

Voltage Code

2.5 V 25 2.440 V 2.560 V 2.400 V 2.600 V

2.6 V 26 2.540 V 2.660 V 2.500 V 2.700 V

2.7 V 27 2.640 V 2.760 V 2.600 V 2.800 V

2.8 V 28 2.750 V 2.860 V 2.700 V 2.900 V

2.9 V 29 2.840 V 2.960 V 2.800 V 3.000 V

3.0 V 30 2.940 V 3.060 V 2.900 V 3.100 V

3.1 V 31 3.040 V 3.160 V 3.000 V 3.200 V

3.2 V 32 3.140 V 3.260 V 3.095 V 3.305 V

3.3 V 33 3.240 V 3.360 V 3.190 V 3.410 V

3.4 V 34 3.335 V 3.465 V 3.290 V 3.510 V

3.5 V 35 3.435 V 3.565 V 3.385 V 3.615 V

3.6 V 36 3.535 V 3.665 V 3.485 V 3.720 V

3.7 V 37 3.630 V 3.770 V 3.580 V 3.820 V

3.8 V 38 3.725 V 3.875 V 3.675 V 3.925 V

3.9 V 39 3.825 V 3.975 V 3.770 V 4.030 V

4.0 V 40 3.920 V 4.080 V 3.870 V 4.130 V

4.1 V 41 4.020 V 4.180 V 3.965 V 4.235 V

4.2 V 42 4.120 V 4.280 V 4.060 V 4.335 V

4.3 V 43 4.215 V 4.385 V 4.160 V 4.440 V

4.4 V 44 4.315 V 4.485 V 4.255 V 4.545 V

4.5 V 45 4.410 V 4.590 V 4.350 V 4.645 V

4.6 V 46 4.510 V 4.690 V 4.450 V 4.750 V

4.7 V 47 4.605 V 4.795 V 4.545 V 4.850 V

4.8 V 48 4.705 V 4.895 V 4.640 V 4.955 V

4.9 V 49 4.800 V 5.000 V 4.740 V 5.060 V

5.0 V 50 4.900 V 5.100 V 4.835 V 5.165 V

5.5 V 55 5.390 V 5.610 V 5.320 V 5.680 V

8.0 V 80 7.840 V 8.160 V 7.745 V 8.265 V

OUT(TYP)

+ 1 V, I

= 30 mA, unless otherwise specified.

OUT

OUT(MIN)

V

OUT(MAX)

V

OUT(MIN)

V

OUT(MAX)

Page 6 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

TK112xxB

V

(25

V/DIV)

TEST CIRCUITS

SOT-23L SOT-89

I

V

IN

IN

+

V

+

IN

V

1 µF

OUT

2.2 µF

I

V

OUT

OUT

V

OUT

I

OUT

+

2.2 µF

V

OUT

V

IN

I

IN

+

1.0 µF

+

V

IN

V

CONT

+

I

CONT

CONT

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

OUTPUT VOLTAGE RESPONSE

CONT

V

OUT

V

0 200 600

(OFF→ON)

CN = 0.01 µF

400 800

TIME (µs)

CL = 2.2 µF

CN = 0.1 µF

I

= 30 mA

LOAD

NOISE

BYPASS

C

0.1 µF

NOISE

N

TRANSIENT RESPONSE

V

IN

CONT

1 µF

112XXB

R

S

C

0.1 µF

N

V

C

L = 10 µF to 0.22 µF

OUT

BYPASS

C

N

0.1 µF

CONT

I

CONT

Note: Connect pin 5 to

+

V

CONT 1

ground for heat sink

TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.

LOAD REGULATION

V

(5 mV/DIV)

OUT

V

0 50 100

I

(mA)

OUT

OUT(TYP)

OUT (V)

V

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT

5

4

3

2

1

0

0

I

OUT

150

300

(mA)

m

OUTPUT VOLTAGE

V

OUT(TYP)

I

= 0 mA

OUT

VOLTAGE

I

OUT

VS.

= 30 mA

INPUT

LINE REGULATION

V

OUT(TYP)

-100

(mV)

-200

DROPOUT VOLTAGE

OUTPUT CURRENT

0

VS.

(50 mV/DIV)

DROP

-300

V

-400

0 200

I

OUT

100

(mA)

OUT

0V

IN

= V

VIN (V) (50 mV/DIV)

I

OUT

OUT

I

OUT

= 90 mA

= 50 mA

OUT

V

0

10

V

(V)

IN

20

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 7

TK112xxB

I

(

A)

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)

TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.

GROUND CURRENT VS. OUTPUT

10

8

6

(mA)

GND

I

4

2

0

0 100 200

QUIESCENT CURRENT (ON

MODE)

2

V

OUT

(mA)

1

Q

I

CURRENT

I

OUT

VS.

=

3 V 5 V

2 V 4 V

(mA)

INPUT VOLTAGE

I

OUT

= 0 mA

REVERSE BIAS CURRENT

500

400

µ

300

REV

200

V

OUT

100

0

020

QUIESCENT CURRENT (ON

MODE) vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

1.0

(mA)

0.5

Q

I

(VIN = 0 V)

= 1.3 V

V

10

REV

V

OUT

1.9 V

(V)

I

V

OUT

= 1.9 V

OUT

UPPER

2.0 V

= 0 mA

(pA)

Q

I

(mA)

GND

I

QUIESCENT CURRENT (OFF

MODE)

100

50

0

020

2

1

VS. INPUT VOLTAGE

10

V

(V)

IN

GROUND CURRENT

I

= 60 mA

OUT

I

V

= 1.3 to 1.8 V

0

010

500

400

(mV)

300

DROP

200

V

100

0

-50 100

OUT

5

VIN (V)

DROPOUT VOLTAGE

I

= 150 mA

OUT

I

= 60 mA

OUT

I

= 30 mA

OUT

050

TA (°C)

0

05

50

40

(µA)

30

CONT

I

20

10

0

-50 100

V

= 1.3 to 1.8 V

OUT

2.5

VIN (V)

CONTROL CURRENT

V

CONT

V

CONT

050

TA (°C)

= 5 V

= 1.8 V

0

-50 100

V

CONT

2.0

(V)

1.0

CONT

V

0

-50 100

= 30 mA

OUT

050

TA (°C)

(V

, ON POINT)

OUT

R

0

TA (°C)

CONT

50

= 0 Ω

Page 8 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

V

(50

V/DIV)

NOISE LEVEL

VS.

C

N

1 PF 10

C

N

50

NOISE (µV)

200

100

150

250

1000

0

100 .01 µF .1

CL = 2.2 µF

V

OUT

= 3 V

I

OUT =

60 mA

CL = 10 µF

CL = 3.3µF

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)

TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.

TK112xxB

MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT

UPPER

V

= 2.7 V

OUT

280

270

(mA)

260

OUT

I

250

240

-50 100

LOAD CURRENT STEP RESPONSE

50 mA

OUT

I

m

OUT

V

V

= 2 to 2.6 V

OUT

UNDER

V

= 1.9 V

OUT

V

= 1.3 V

OUT

050

TA (°C)

100 mA

CN = 0.01 F, CL = 2.2 µF

OUTPUT VOLTAGE VARIATION

10

V

= 2 V

(mV)

OUT

-10

∆V

-20

-30

-50

dB

OUT

0

3 V

5 V

-50 100

0

050

TA (°C)

NOISE SPECTRUM

CL = 3.3 µF, CN = NONE

4 V

LINE VOLTAGE STEP RESPONSE

V

+2 V

OUT

IN

V

CN = 0.001 µF, CL = .22 µF

OUT

V

OUT (10 mV/DIV)

V

OUT

V

CN = 0.01 µF, CL = 2.2 µF

TIME (50 µs/DIV)

V

OUT

+1 V

OUT

OUT

V

0

-20

-40
CN = 0.1 µF

RR (dB)

-60

-80

-100

0.01 0.1

CN = 0.1 F, CL = 10 µF

TIME (50 µs/DIV)

RIPPLE REJECTION

I

= 30 mA

OUT

f (kHz)

CN = 0.01 µF

1

10 100

-100
01 M

CL = 3.3 µF, CN = 0.1 µF

SPECTRUM ANALYZER BACK-

GROUND NOISE

500

k

f (Hz)

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 9

TK112xxB

V

(V)

V

(V)

V

(V)

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)

TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.

TK11213B

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT

1.3

I

OUT

30 mA

60 mA

1.2

OUT

90 mA

1.1

1.6 2.1

= 0 mA

120 mA

1.7

VOLTAGE

150 mA

1.8 1.9 2.0
VIN (V)

TK11214B

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT

1.4

I

OUT

30 mA

60 mA

(V)

1.3

OUT

V

1.2

1.6 2.1

= 0 mA

90 mA

120 mA

1.7

VOLTAGE

150 mA

1.8 1.9 2.0

VIN (V)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT

1.3

V

1.2

1.1

IN

0

OUT

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT

CURRENT

1.9 V

= 1.8 V

100 200

I

OUT

CURRENT

2.1 V

2.0 V

(mA)

1.4

1.9 V

2.1 V

OUT

V

= 1.8 V

IN

1.3

2.0 V

1.2
0 300

100 200

I

(mA)

OUT

2.4 V

300

2.4 V

TK11215B

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT

1.5

I

OUT

30 mA

(V)

60 mA

1.4

OUT

V

1.3

90 mA

1.6 2.1

VOLTAGE

= 0 mA

120 mA

1.7

1.8 1.9 2.0

150 mA

VIN (V)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT

CURRENT

1.5

(V)

OUT

V

1.4

1.3
0 300

1.9 V

V

= 1.8 V

IN

100 200

I

OUT

2.1 V

2.0 V

(mA)

2.4 V

Page 10 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

V

(V)

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)

TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.

TK112xxB

TK11216B

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT

1.6

I

= 0 mA

OUT

30 mA

(V)

V

1.5

OUT

1.4

60 mA

90 mA

1.6 2.1

VOLTAGE

120 mA

1.7

1.8 1.9 2.0

150 mA

VIN (V)

TK11217B

OUT

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT

1.7

I

OUT

30 mA

60 mA

1.6

VOLTAGE

= 0 mA

150 mA

120 mA

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT

CURRENT

1.6

(V)

OUT

V

1.5

1.4
0 300

1.9 V

V

= 1.8 V

IN

100 200

I

OUT

2.1 V

2.0 V

(mA)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT

CURRENT

1.7

(V)

OUT

V

1.6

V

IN

= 1.8 V

1.9 V

2.1 V

2.0 V

2.4 V

2.4 V

90 mA

1.5

1.6 2.1

1.7

1.8 1.9 2.0
VIN (V)

TK11218B

(V)

OUT

V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT

1.8

I

OUT

30 mA

1.7

60 mA

1.6

1.7 2.2

= 0 mA

90 mA

120 mA

1.8

VOLTAGE

150 mA

1.9 2.0 2.1
VIN (V)

1.5
0 300

100 200

I

(mA)

OUT

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT

CURRENT

1.8

(V)

OUT

V

1.7

V

= 1.8 V

IN

1.6

0 300

2.0 V

1.9 V

100 200

I

(mA)

OUT

2.1 V

2.4 V

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 11

TK112xxB

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)

TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified.

TK11219B

OUTPUT VOLTAGE

VOLTAGE

1.9

I

= 0 mA

OUT

(V)

1.8

OUT

V

30 mA

1.7

1.7 2.2

90 mA

60 mA

1.8

1.9 2.0 2.1
V

IN

VS.

150 mA

120 mA

(V)

INPUT

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT

CURRENT

1.9

(V)

OUT

V

1.8

1.7

2.0 V

V

= 1.9 V

IN

0 300

100 200

2.1 V

I

OUT

2.2 V

(mA)

2.4 V

Page 12 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS

TK112xxB

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V

The output voltage is specified with VIN = (V
and I

= 30 mA.

OUT

DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V

OUT

)

DROP

OUT(TYP)

+ 1 V)

)

The dropout voltage is the difference between the input
voltage and the output voltage at which point the regulator
starts to fall out of regulation. Below this value, the output
voltage will fall as the input voltage is reduced. It is
dependent upon the load current and the junction
temperature.

OUTPUT CURRENT (I

OUT(MAX)

)

This is the maximum continuous output current specified
under the condition where the output voltage drops 0.3 V
below the value specified with I
voltage is set to V

+1 V, and the current is pulsed to

OUT

= 30 mA. The input

OUT

minimize temperature effect.

CONTINUOUS OUTPUT CURRENT (I

OUT

)

Normal operating output current. This is limited by package
power dissipation.

PULSE OUTPUT CURRENT (I

Maximum pulse width 5 ms at V
V

under 1.9 V; duty cycle 12.5%: pulse load only.

OUT

OUT(PULSE)

OUT

)

upper 2.0 V; 7 ms. at

QUIESCENT CURRENT (I

)

Q

The quiescent current is the current which flows through
the ground terminal under no load conditions (I

GROUND CURRENT (I

GND

)

= 0 mA).

OUT

Ground current is the current which flows through the
ground pin(s). It is defined as IIN - I

, excluding I

OUT

CONT

RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (RR)

Ripple rejection is the ability of the regulator to attenuate
the ripple content of the input voltage at the output. It is
specified with 100 mVrms, 400 Hz superimposed on the
input voltage, where VIN = V

+ 1.5 V. The output

OUT

decoupling capacitor is set to 10 µF, the noise bypass
capacitor is set to 0.1 µF, and the load current is set to 30
mA. Ripple rejection is the ratio of the ripple content of the
output vs. the input and is expressed in dB.

STANDBY CURRENT (I

STBY

)

Standby current is the current which flows into the regulator
when the output is turned off by the control function
(V

= 0 V). It is measured with VIN = 8 V (9 V for the 8

CONT

V output device).

SENSOR CIRCUITS

Overcurrent Sensor

.

LINE REGULATION (Line Reg)

The overcurrent sensor protects the device in the event

that the output is shorted to ground.
Line regulation is the ability of the regulator to maintain a
constant output voltage as the input voltage changes. The

Thermal Sensor

line regulation is specified as the input voltage is changed
from VIN = V

OUT(TYP)

+ 1 V to VIN = V

OUT(TYP)

+ 6 V.

The thermal sensor protects the device in the event that

the junction temperature exceeds the safe value (TJ = 150

LOAD REGULATION (Load Reg)

°C). This temperature rise can be caused by external heat,

excessive power dissipation caused by large input to
Load regulation is the ability of the regulator to maintain a
constant output voltage as the load current changes. It is
a pulsed measurement to minimize temperature effects
with the input voltage set to VIN = V

+1 V. The load

OUT

regulation is specified under two output current step
conditions of 1 mA to 60 mA and 1 mA to 100 mA.

output voltage drops, or excessive output current. The

regulator will shut off when the temperature exceeds the

safe value. As the junction temperatures decrease, the

regulator will begin to operate again. Under sustained fault

conditions, the regulator output will oscillate as the device

turns off then resets. Damage may occur to the device

under extreme fault conditions.

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 13

TK112xxB

I

(

A)

DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS (CONT.)

Reverse Voltage Protection

Reverse voltage protection prevents damage due to the
output voltage being higher than the input voltage. This
fault condition can occur when the output capacitor remains
charged and the input is reduced to zero, or when an
external voltage higher than the input voltage is applied to
the output side.

CONTROL FUNCTION

V

IN

SW

R

C

C

N

SOT-23L

If the control function is not used, connect the control

terminal to V

. When the control function is used, the

IN

control current can be reduced by inserting a series

resistor (R

) between the control terminal and VIN. The

CONT

value of this resistor should be determined from the graph

below.

CONTROL PIN CURRENT VS.

50

V

OUT

40

µ

30

CONT

20

R

CONT

10

0

0123

= 0

VOLTAGE

R

CONT

V

(V)

CONT

=100K

45

V

IN

SW

R

C

C

N

SOT-89

Page 14 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

TK112xxB

V

DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS (CONT.)

ON/OFF RESPONSE WITH CONTROL AND LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE

The turn-on time depends upon the value of the output capacitor and the noise bypass capacitor. The turn-on time will
increase with the value of either capacitor. The graphs below show the relationship between turn-on time and load
capacitance. If the value of these capacitors is reduced, the load and line regulation will suffer and the noise voltage will
increase. If the value of these capacitors is increased, the turn-on time will increase.

OUTPUT VOLTAGE RESPONSE

I

LOAD

CONT

V

OUT

-5 5 2515 35

(OFF→ON)

= 10 mA, CN = 1000 pF

CL = 0.33 µF

CL = 1.0 µF

CL = 1.5 µF

CL = 0.47 µF

TIME (µs)

45

OUTPUT VOLTAGE RESPONSE

CONT

V

OUT

V

0 200 600

(OFF→ON)

CN = 0.01 µF

I

400 800

TIME (µs)

CL = 2.2 µF

CN = 0.1 µF

= 30 mA

LOAD

LOAD CURRENT STEP RESPONSE

I

= 5 to 35 mA

LOAD

30 to 60 mA

0 to 30 mA

(200 mV/DIV)

OUT

V

LOAD

I

-5 5 15 3525 45

CL = 0.33 µF

TIME( µs)

REDUCTION OF OUTPUT NOISE

Although the architecture of the Toko regulators is designed to minimize semiconductor noise, further reduction can be
achieved by the selection of external components. The obvious solution is to increase the size of the output capacitor.
A more effective solution would be to add a capacitor to the noise bypass terminal. The value of this capacitor should
be 0.1 µf or higher (higher values provide greater noise reduction). Although stable operation is possible without the noise
bypass capacitor, this terminal has a high impedance and care should be taken to avoid a large circuit area on the printed
circuit board when the capacitor is not used. Please note that several parameters are affected by the value of the
capacitors and bench testing is recommended when deviating from standard values.

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 15

TK112xxB

DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS (CONT.)

PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION (PD)

This is the power dissipation level at which the thermal
sensor is activated. The IC contains an internal thermal
sensor which monitors the junction temperature. When the
junction temperature exceeds the monitor threshold of
150 °C, the IC is shut down. The junction temperature
rises as the difference between the input power (VIN x IIN)
and the output power (V

OUT

x I

) increases. The rate of

OUT

temperature rise is greatly affected by the mounting pad
configuration on the PCB, the board material, and the
ambient temperature. When the IC mounting has good
thermal conductivity, the junction temperature will be low
even if the power dissipation is great. When mounted on
the recommended mounting pad, the power dissipation of
the SOT-23L is increased to 600 mW. For operation at
ambient temperatures over 25 °C, the power dissipation of
the SOT-23L device should be derated at 4.8 mW/°C. The
power dissipation of the SOT-89 package is 900 mW when
mounted as recommended. Derate the power dissipation
at 7.2 mW/°C for operation above 25 °C. To determine the
power dissipation for shutdown when mounted, attach the
device on the actual PCB and deliberately increase the
output current (or raise the input voltage) until the thermal
protection circuit is activated. Calculate the power
dissipation of the device by subtracting the output power
from the input power. These measurements should allow
for the ambient temperature of the PCB. The value obtained
from PD /(150 °C - TA) is the derating factor. The PCB
mounting pad should provide maximum thermal
conductivity in order to maintain low device temperatures.
As a general rule, the lower the temperature, the better the
reliability of the device. The thermal resistance when
mounted is expressed as follows:

the output side is shorted. Input current gradually falls as
temperature rises. You should use the value when thermal
equilibrium is reached.

The range of usable currents can also be found from the
graph below.

(mW)

P

D

D

PD

3

6

4

5

25 50 75 150

TA (°C)

Procedure:

1) Find P

D

2) PD1 is taken to be PD x (~0.8 - 0.9)

3) Plot PD1 against 25 °C

4) Connect P

to the point corresponding to the 150 °C

D1

with a straight line.

5) In design, take a vertical line from the maximum
operating temperature (e.g., 75 °C) to the derating
curve.

6) Read off the value of PD against the point at which the
vertical line intersects the derating curve. This is taken
as the maximum power dissipation, DPD.

The maximum operating current is:

Tj = 0jA x PD + T

A

I

OUT

= (D

PD

/ (V

IN(MAX) - VOUT

)

For Toko ICs, the internal limit for junction temperature is
150 °C. If the ambient temperature (TA) is 25 °C, then:

150 °C = 0jA x PD + 25 °C
0jA = 125 °C/ P

D

PD is the value when the thermal sensor is activated. A
simple way to determine PD is to calculate VIN x IIN when

Page 16 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

TK112xxB

P

(

W)

DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS (CONT.)

750

600

450

m

D

300

150

0

0 50 100

MOUNTED AS

SHOWN

FREE AIR

150

TA (°C)

1000

800

600

(mW)

D

400

P

200

0

0 50 100

MOUNTED AS

SHOWN

FREE AIR

150

TA (°C)

SOT-23L POWER DISSIPATION CURVE SOT-89 POWER DISSIPATION CURVE

SOT-23L BOARD LAYOUT

SOT-89 BOARD LAYOUT

APPLICATION NOTE

Copper pattern should be as large as possible. Power dissipation is 600 mW for SOT-23L and 900 mV for SOT-89. A
low Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) capacitor is recommended. For low temperature operation, select a capacitor
with a low ESR at the lowest operating temperature to prevent oscillation, degradation of ripple rejection and increase
in noise. The minimum recommended capacitance is 2.2 µF.

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 17

TK112xxB

APPLICATION INFORMATION

INPUT-OUTPUT CAPACITORS

Linear regulators require an output capacitor in order to maintain regulator loop stability. This capacitor should be selected
to ensure stable operation over the desired temperature and load range. The graphs below show the effects of
capacitance value and ESR on the stable operation area.

V

=

OUT

112xxB

C

ESR

L

2.0 V

3.0 V

5.0 V

100

0.1

0.01

10

1

1

CL = 3.3 µF

STABLE

OPERATION

AREA

50 100 150

I

(mA)

OUT

CL = 10 µF

1000

100

10

ESR (Ω)

1

0.1

0.01
1

OPERATION

50

I

OUT

STABLE

AREA

100

(mA)

1000

100

10

ESR (Ω)

1

0.1

0 .01

1 50 100

CL = 1 µFC

1000

100

10

STABLE

OPERATION

AREA

I

(mA)

OUT

ESR (Ω)

1

0.1

0.01

150

1

= 2.2 µF

L

STABLE

OPERATION

AREA

50 100 150

I

(mA)

OUT

1000

ESR (Ω)

In general, the capacitor should be at least 1 µF (aluminum electrolytic) and be rated for the actual ambient operating
temperature range. The table below shows typical characteristics for several types and values of capacitance. Please
note that the ESR varies widely depending upon manufacturer, type, size, and material.

150

ESR

Capacitance

Aluminum

Capacitor

Tantalum

Capacitor

Ceramic

Capacitor

1.0 µF 2.4Ω 2.3 Ω 0.140 Ω

2.2 µF 2.0Ω 1.9 Ω 0.059 Ω

3.3 µF 4.6 Ω 1.0 Ω 0.049 Ω
10 µF 1.4 Ω 0.5 Ω 0.025 Ω

Note: ESR is measured at 10 kHz.

Page 18 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

COMPARISON BETWEEN TK112xx and TK112xxB

Specification Parameter TK112xx TK112xxB

Output voltage tolerance 3.0% 2.0%
Quiescent current 180 µA 170 µA
Output current 130 mA 150 mA

TK112xxB

Dropout voltage (I

= 50 mA)

OUT

Ripple rejection at low line

regulation point (See Figure below)

160 mV 110 mV

Superior

Built-in reverse bias protection NO YES
ESD protection Superior

TK112xxB

OUT

V

TK112xx

Input ripple noise

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 19

TK112xxB

COMPARISON BETWEEN TK112xx and TK112xxB

TK112xx

QUIESCENT CURRENT vs.

OUTPUT CURRENT

10

8

6

Q (mA)

I

4

2

0

0 100 200

I

(mA)

OUT

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT

5

4

TK112xxB

QUIESCENT CURRENT vs.

OUTPUT CURRENT

10

8

6

Q (mA)

I

4

2

0

0 100 200

I

(mA)

OUT

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT

5

4

3

OUT (V)

V

2

1

0

0 150 300

I

(mA)

OUT

DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs.

OUTPUT CURRENT

0

-100

-200

DROP (mV)

-300

V

-400

0 100 200

I

(mA)

OUT

3

OUT (V)

V

2

1

0

0 150 300

I

(mA)

OUT

DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs.

OUTPUT CURRENT

0

-100

-200

DROP (mV)

-300

V

-400

0 100 200

I

(mA)

OUT

Page 20 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

COMPARISON BETWEEN TK112xx and TK112xxB

TK112xxB

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.

INPUT VOLTAGE

V

OUT(TYP)

I

=

OUT
0 mA

5

OUT (25 mV/Div)

V

V

IN

= V

0

V

REVERSE BIAS CURRENT

500

400

TK112xx

I

OUT

I

OUT

(V) (50 mV/Div)

IN

VIN = 0 V

I

OUT

OUT

= 60 mA

= 60 mA

= 30 mA

V

OUT(TYP)

I

OUT

(25 mV/DIV)

OUT

V

0V

500

400

TK112xxB

OUTPUT VOLTAGE VS.

INPUT VOLTAGE

= 0 mA

I

= 30 mA

OUT

I

= 50 mA

OUT

I

= 90 mA

OUT

= V

IN

OUT

VIN (V) (50 mV/DIV)

REVERSE BIAS CURRENT

VIN = 0 V

300

(µA)

REV

I

200

100

0

0 10 20

V

(V)

REV

LOAD REGULATION

V

(5 mV/DIV)

OUT

V

0 50 100

I

(mA)

OUT

OUT(TYP)

300

(µA)

REV

I

200

100

0

0 10 20

V

(V)

REV

LOAD REGULATION

V

(5 mV/DIV)

OUT

V

0 50 100

I

(mA)

OUT

OUT(TYP)

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 21

TK112xxB

COMPARISON BETWEEN TK112xx and TK112xxB

V

OUT(TYP)

(50 mV/DIV)

OUT

V

0

QUIESCENT CURRENT (OFF

100

TK112xx

LINE REGULATION

V

IN

VS. INPUT VOLTAGE

MODE)

10

(V)

20

V

(50 mV/DIV)

OUT

V

0

QUIESCENT CURRENT (OFF

MODE)

100

TK112xxB

LINE REGULATION

OUT(TYP)

10

V

IN

VS. INPUT VOLTAGE

20

(V)

(pA)

50

Q

I

0

020

10

V

(V)

IN

(pA)

50

Q

I

0

020

10

V

(V)

IN

Page 22 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

NOTES

TK112xxB

October 1999 TOKO, Inc. Page 23

TK112xxB

SOT-23L (SOT-23L-6)

Note: Pin 2 and Pin 5 should be
grounded for heat dissipation

SOT-89 (SOT 89-5)

Product Code

123

e e

Dimensions are shown in millimeters
Tolerance: x.x = ± 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified)

0.49 max

Lot Number

Product Code

1

0.49 max

Dimensions are shown in millimeters
Tolerance: x.x = ± 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified)

PACKAGE OUTLINE

+0.15

- 0.05

0.4

0.1

M

456

Marking

Voltage Code

+0.15

- 0.05

0.32

0.1

M

5 PL

0.95 0.95

+0.3

- 0.1

3.5

(3.4)

1.2

1.4 max

0 - 0.1

4.5

1.6

0.49 max

64

e

0.49 max

5

Voltage Code

3

2

1.5

e'

0.49 max

0.54 max

e

1.5

3.0

+0.15

0.4

1.0

- 0.05

2.5

1.5

0.3

0.15

1.0

1.0

-0.3

+0.5

4.5

0.6

ee

0.95 0.95

Recommended Mount Pad

2.2

+ 0.3

3.3

0.7 max

45 °

1.5

Recommended Mount Pad

Marking Information

Product Code P

3.0
e1

15 max

0.4

0.44 max

0.44 max

0.7 max

1.0

1.5

0.7

0.8

0.7

1.5

2.0
ee

1.5

Voltage Code

TK11213B 13
TK11214B 14
TK11215B 15
TK11216B 16
TK11217B 17
TK11218B 18
TK11219B 19
TK11220B 20
TK11221B 21
TK11222B 22
TK11223B 23
TK11224B 24
TK11225B 25
TK11226B 26
TK11227B 27
TK11228B 28
TK11229B 29
TK11230B 30
TK11231B 31
TK11232B 32
TK11233B 33
TK11234B 34
TK11235B 35
TK11236B 36
TK11237B 37
TK11238B 38
TK11239B 39
TK11240B 40
TK11241B 41
TK11242B 42
TK11243B 43
TK11244B 44
TK11245B 45
TK11246B 46
TK11247B 47
TK11248B 48
TK11249B 49
TK11250B 50
TK11255B 55
TK11280B 80

Toko America, Inc. Headquarters
1250 Feehanville Drive, Mount Prospect, Illinois 60056
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

TOKO AMERICA REGIONAL OFFICES

Midwest Regional Office
Toko America, Inc.
1250 Feehanville Drive
Mount Prospect, IL 60056
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Western Regional Office
Toko America, Inc.
2480 North First Street , Suite 260
San Jose, CA 95131
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Eastern Regional Office
Toko America, Inc.
107 Mill Plain Road
Danbury, CT 06811
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Semiconductor Technical Support
Toko Design Center
4755 Forge Road
Colorado Springs, CO 80907
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Visit our Internet site at http://www.tokoam.com

The information furnished by TOKO, Inc. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, TOKO reserves the right to make changes or improvements in the design, specification or manufacture of its
products without further notice. TOKO does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of
third parties which may result from the use of its products. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of TOKO, Inc.

Page 24 October 1999 TOKO, Inc.

All Rights Reserved

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