! Single superhet architecture for low external component count
! FSK for digital data and FM reception for analog signal transmission
! FM/FSK demodulation with phase-coincidence demodulator
! Low current consumption in active mode and very low standby current
! Switchable LNA gain for improved dynamic range
! RSSI allows signal strength indication and ASK detection
! Surface mount package LQFP32
Ordering Information
Part No.Temperature RangePackage
TH71111-40 °C to 85°CLQFP32
Application Examples
! General digital and analog 868 MHz or 915 MHz ISM band usage
! Low-power telemetry
! Alarm and security systems
! Keyless car and central locking
! Pagers
Technical Data Overview
! Input frequency range: 800 MHz to 930 MHz
! Power supply range: 2.5 V to 5.5 V at 868 MHz and 3.3 V to 5.5 V at 915 MHz
! Temperature range: -40 °C to +85 °C
! Operating current: 7.5 mA at low gain and 9.2 mA at high gain mode
! Standby current: < 100 nA
! Sensitivity: -109 dBm
! Sensitivity: -102 dBm
! Range of IF: 455 kHz to 21.4 MHz
! Maximum input level: –10 dBm at ASK and 0 dBm at FSK
! Image rejection: > 55 dB (e.g. with SAW front-end filter and at 10.7 MHz IF)
! Spurious emission: < -70 dBm
! Input frequency acceptance: ±50 kHz (with AFC option)
! RSSI range: 70 dB
! Frequency deviation range: ±5 kHz to ±120 kHz
! Maximum data rate: 80 kbit/s NRZ
! Maximum analog modulation frequency: 15 kHz
1)
at ± 8 kHz FSK deviation, BER = 3⋅10-3 and phase-coincidence demodulation
2)
at ± 50 kHz FSK deviation, BER = 3⋅10-3 and phase-coincidence demodulation
1)
with 40 kHz IF filter BW (incl. SAW front-end filter loss)
2)
with 150 kHz IF filter BW (incl. SAW front-end filter loss)
TH71111 Data SheetPage 1 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 2
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
General Description
The TH71111 receiver IC consists of the following building blocks
" PLL synthesizer (PLL SYNTH) for generation of the local oscillator signal LO
" Parts of the PLL SYNTH are the high-frequency VCO1, the feedback divider DIV_32,
a phase-frequency detector (PFD) with charge pump (CP) and a crystal-based reference oscillator (RO)
" Low-noise amplifier (LNA) for high-sensitivity RF signal reception
" First mixer (MIX1) for down-conversion of the RF signal to the IF
" IF pre amplifier which is a mixer cell (MIX2) that operates as an amplifier
" IF amplifier (IFA) to amplify and limit the IF signal and for RSSI generation
" Phase coincidence demodulator (DEMOD) with third mixer (MIX3) to demodulate the IF signal
" Operational amplifier (OA) for data slicing, filtering and ASK detection
" Bias circuitry for bandgap biasing and circuit shutdown
With the T H71111 receiver c hip, various circuit c onfigurations c an be arranged in or der to m eet a num ber of
different custom er requirements . For FM/FSK reception the IF tank used in the phase coincidence dem odulator can be constituted either by a ceramic resonator or an LC tank (optionally with a varactor diode to create
an AFC circuit). In ASK configuration, the RSSI signal is feed to an ASK detector, which is constituted by the
operational amplifier.
DemodulationType of receiver
FM / FSK
FM / FSK
ASK
A double-conversion variant, called TH71112, is also available. This receiver IC allows a higher degree of
image rejection, achieved in conj unction with an RF frontend filter. Both RXICs have the sam e die. At the
TH71112, the second mixer (MIX2) is used to down-convert the first IF (IF1) to the second IF (IF2). At the
TH71111, MIX2 operates as an amplifier.
Efficient RF frontend f iltering is realized by using a SAW, ceramic or helix filter in front of the LNA and by
adding an LC filter at the LNA output.
narrow-band RX with ceramic demodulation tank
wide-band RX with LC demodulation tank
RX with RSSI-based demodulation
TH71111 Data SheetPage 2 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 3
Block Diagram
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
IN_DEM
OUT_IFA
14
RSSI
21
FPC2
131516
FBC1
12
IN_IFA
11
VEE_IF
10
OUT_MIX2
93
VCC_MIX
8
IF1N
7
IF1P
6
24
23
OUTP
OUTN
20
19
OAP
OAN
18
OUT_OA
OA
VCC_BIAS
17
VEE_BIAS
22
MIX3
ENRX
BIAS
28
VCC_PLL
27
VEE_RO
25
IFA
RO
RO
26
PFD
IF
CP
MIX2
IF
DIV_32
LF
29
VEE_MIX
5
IN_MIX1
4
OUT_LNA
GAIN_LNA
2
VEE_LNAC
1
LO
MIX1
LNA
IN_LNA
31
VCO1
VEE_LNA
30
VCC_LNA
32
Fig. 1: TH71111 block diagram
TH71111 Data SheetPage 3 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 4
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
Frequency Planning
Frequency planning is straightforward for single-conversion applications because there is only one IF that
might be chosen, and then the only possible choice is low-side or high-side inj ection of the LO signal (which
is now the one and only LO signal in the receiver).
The receiver’s single-conversion architecture requires careful frequency planning. Besides the desired RF
input signal, there are a number of s purious signals that may cause an undesired response at the output.
Among them is the image of the RF signal that must be suppressed by the RF front-end filter.
By using the internal PLL synthesizer of the TH71111 with the fixed feedback divider ratio of N = 32 (DIV_32),
two types of down-conversion are possible: low-side injection of LO and high-side injection of LO . The following table summarizes some equations that are useful to calc ulate the crystal reference frequency (REF),
the IF and the LO frequency respectively, for a given RF.
Injection typelowhigh
REF(RF – IF)/32(RF + IF)/32
LO
IFRF – LOLO – RF
RF imageRF – 2IFRF + 2IF
32•REF32•REF
The following table depicts crystal, LO and image signals considering the examples of 868.3 MHz and
915 MHz RF reception at IF = 10.7 MHz.
The selection of the reference crystal frequency is based on some as sumptions. As for example: the image
frequency should not be in a radio band where strong interfering signals might occur (bec ause they could
represent parasitic receiving s ignals), the LO s ignal should be in the range of 800 MHz to 915 MHz (because
this is the optimum frequency range of the VCO1). Furthermore the IF should be as high as possible to
achieve highest RF image rejec tion. The columns in bold depict the selected frequency plans to rec eive at
866.3 MHz and 915 MHz, respectively.
Low
26.80000
857.6
846.9
high
27.46875
879.0
889.7
low
28.25938
904.3
893.6
high
28.92813
925.7
936.4
TH71111 Data SheetPage 4 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
RSSI output, for RSSI and
ASK detection, approx.
36kΩ output impedance
22VEE_BIASground
ground for general bias
system and OA
23OUTPanalog
output
24OUTNanalog
OUTP
OUTN
23
24
Ω
50
20µA
20µA
FSK/FM positive output,
output impedance of
100kΩ to 300kΩ
FSK/FM negative output,
output impedance of
100kΩ to 300kΩ
25VEE_ROgroundground of dividers, PFD and
RO
26ROanalog
input
RO
26
50k
30p
30p
RO input, Colpitts type
oscillator with internal feedback capacitors
27VCC_PLLsupplypositive supply of RO, DIV,
PFD and charge pump
28ENRXdigital
input
ENRX
1.5k
mode control input
(CMOS Input)
28
29LFanalog
output
LF
29
200
400
Ω
Ω
4p
charge pump output and
VCO1 control input
30VEE_LNAgroundLNA biasing ground
32VCC_LNAsupplypositive supply of LNA
biasing
TH71111 Data SheetPage 7 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 8
Technical Data
Mode Configurations
ENRXModeDescription
0SBYstandby mode
1ONentire chip active
Note: ENRX are pulled down internally
LNA Gain Control
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
V
GAIN_LNA
ModeDescription
< 0.8 VHIGH GAINLNA set to high gain by voltage at GAIN_LNA
> 1.4 VLOW GAINLNA set to low gain by voltage at GAIN_LNA
Note: hysteresis between gain modes to ensure stability
Absolute Maximum Ratings
ParameterSymbolCondition / NoteMinMax
Supply voltage V
Input voltage V
Input RF level P
Storage temperature T
cc
IN
imax
STG
Electrostatic discharge ESD
0 7.0 V
- 0.3 VCC+0.3 V
no damage 10 dBm
-40 +125 °C
human body model,
MIL STD 833D
method 3015.7, all pins
except OUT_IFA
pin OUT_IFA -500 +250 V
-500
+500
Unit
V
Normal Operating Conditions
ParameterSymbolConditionMinMaxUnit
Supply voltage at 868 MHz V
Supply voltage at 915 MHz V
Operating temperature T
Input frequency f
Frequency deviation
FSK data rateR
FM bandwidthf
ASK data rateR
i
∆f
m
cc, 868
cc, 915
a
FSK
ASK
fi ≤ 900 MHz
fi > 900 MHz 3.3 5.5 V
-40 +85 ºC
800 930 MHz
at FM or FSK
NRZ40kbit/s
NRZ80kbit/s
2.5 5.5 V
±5±120
kHz
15kHz
TH71111 Data SheetPage 8 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 9
DC Characteristics
all parameters under normal operating conditions, unless otherwise stated;
typical values at T
= 23 °C and V
a
cc
= 3 V
ParameterSymbolConditionMinTypMaxUnit
Standby currentI
Total supply current at low gainI
SBY
cc, low
ENRX=0100nA
ENRX=1,
LNA at LOW GAIN
Total supply current at high gainI
cc, high
ENRX=1,
LNA at HIGH GAIN
Opamp input offset voltageV
Opamp input offset currentI
Opamp input bias currentI
RSSI voltage at low input levelV
offs
offs
bias
RSSI, low
I
– I
OAP
OAN
0.5 * (I
OAP
+ I
Pi = -65 dBm,
)-100100nA
OAN
LNA at LOW GAIN
RSSI voltage at high input levelV
RSSI, high
Pi = -35 dBm,
LNA at LOW GAIN
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
6.07.59.0mA
7.59.211.0mA
-2020mV
-5050nA
0.51.01.5V
1.251.92.45V
AC System Characteristics
all parameters under normal operating conditions, unless otherwise stated;
all parameters based on test circuits for FSK (Fig. 2), FM (Fig. 4) and ASK (Fig. 5), respectively;
typical values at T
= 23 °C and V
a
= 3 V, RF at 866.3 MHz, second IF at 10.7 MHz
cc
ParameterSymbolConditionMinTypMaxUnit
start-up time – FSK/FMT
FSK
ENRX from 0 to 1,
0.9ms
valid data at output
start-up time – ASKT
ASK
depends on ASK
R3•C12
detector time constant,
input sensitivity – FSK
(narrow band)
input sensitivity – FSK
(wide band)
input sensitivity – ASK
(narrow band)
input sensitivity – ASK
(wide band)
maximum input signal – FSK/FMP
maximum input signal – ASKP
P
min, n
P
min, w
P
minA, n
P
minA, w
max, FM
max, ASK
valid data at output
B
= 40kHz
IF2
∆f = ±15kHz (FSK/FM)
BER ≤ 3⋅10
B
= 150kHz
IF2
∆f = ±50kHz (FSK/FM)
BER ≤ 3⋅10
B
= 40kHz
IF2
BER ≤ 3⋅10
B
= 150kHz
IF2
BER ≤ 3⋅10
BER ≤ 3⋅10
LNA at LOW GAIN
BER ≤ 3⋅10
-3
-3
-3
-3
-3
-3
-109dBm
-102dBm
-108dBm
-104dBm
0dBm
-10dBm
T
LNA at LOW GAIN
spurious emissionP
image rejection
blocking immunity
VCO gainK
Charge pump currentI
∆P
∆P
CP
spur
imag
block
VCO
∆f
> ±2MHz, note 1
block
55dB
57dB
250MHz/V
60µA
-70dBm
Notes: 1. desired signal with FSK/FM or ASK modulation, CW blocking signal
ms
+
FSK
TH71111 Data SheetPage 9 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 10
Test Circuits
FSK Reception
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
L2
XT AL
R1
C5
VCC
C1
C3
VCC
VEE
VCC
C14
OUTN
RO
VCC
ENRX
LF
VEE
IN_LNA
VEE
OUTP
GAIN_LNA
C16C15
VEE
RSSI
LQFP32
IN_MIX1
OUT_LNA
OAP
VEE
OAN
IF1P
VCC
IN_DEM
OUT_OA
OUT_IFA
VCC
FBC2
FBC1
IN_IFA
VEE
VCC
IF1N
VCC
OUT_MIX2
C13
C12
CP
CERRES
VCC
C11
C9
C10
CERFIL
C7
C6
RL2
CB*
VCC
L1
SAWFIL
C4
L3
Fig. 2: Test circuit for FSK reception
TH71111 Data SheetPage 10 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
crystal series capacitor
loop filter capacitor
capacitor to match to SAW filter input
capacitor to match to SAW filter output
LNA output tank capacitor
MIX1 input matching capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
DEMOD phase-shift capacitor
DEMOD coupling capacitor
CERRES parallel capacitor
demodulator output low-pass capacitor, depending on
data rate
demodulator output low-pass capacitor, depending on
data rate
RSSI output low-pass capacitor
loop filter resistor
MIX1 bias resistor
MIX1 bias resistor
inductor to match SAW filter
inductor to match SAW filter
LNA output tank inductor
fundamental-mode crystal, C
C
0, max
= 7 pF, R
m, max
= 50 Ω
low-loss SAW filter from EPCOS
ceramic filter from Murata
ceramic demodulator tank from Murata
TH71111
868/915MHz
= 10 pF to 15pF,
load
TH71111 Data SheetPage 11 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 12
FSK Circuit with AFC and Ceramic Resonator Tolerance Compensation
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
L2
XTAL
R1
C5
VCC
C1
C3
VCC
VEE
VCC
C14
OUTN
RO
VCC
ENRX
LF
VEE
IN_LNA
VEE
R4
OUTP
GAIN_LNA
C16C15
R5
VEE
RSSI
LQFP32
IN_MIX1
OUT_LNA
C17
OAP
VEE
C18
OAN
IF1P
VCC
IN_DEM
OUT_OA
OUT_IFA
VCC
FBC2
FBC1
IN_IFA
VEE
VCC
IF1N
R3
VCC
OUT_MIX2
C13
C12
CPVD
CERRES
VCC
C11
C9
C10
CERFIL
SAWFIL
L1
C4
L3
C7
C6
RL1
RL2
CB*
VCC
Fig. 3: Test circuit for FSK with AFC and resonator compensation
Circuit Feature
! Improves input frequency acceptance range up to RF
±50 kHz
nom
! Eliminates calibration tolerances of ceramic resonator
! Eliminates temperature tolerances of ceramic resonator
! Non-inverted and inverted CMOS-compatible outputs
TH71111 Data SheetPage 12 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 13
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
FSK test circuit with AFC component list to Fig. 3
crystal series capacitor
loop filter capacitor
capacitor to match to SAW filter input
capacitor to match to SAW filter output
LNA output tank capacitor
MIX1 input matching capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
DEMOD phase-shift capacitor
DEMOD coupling capacitor
ceramic resonator loading capacitor
demodulator output low-pass capacitor, depending on
data rate
demodulator output low-pass capacitor, depending on
data rate
RSSI output low-pass capacitor
integrator capacitor, fixed
integrator capacitor, @ 0.5 to 2 kbit/s NRZ
integrator capacitor, @ 2 to 20 kbit/s NRZ
integrator capacitor, @ 20 to 40 kbit/s NRZ
loop filter resistor
varactor diode biasing resistor
integrator resistor
integrator resistor
MIX1 bias resistor
MIX1 bias resistor
inductor to match SAW filter
inductor to match SAW filter
LNA output tank inductor
varactor diode from Infineon
fundamental-mode crystal, C
C
0, max
= 7 pF, R
m, max
= 50 Ω
low-loss SAW filter from EPCOS
ceramic filter from Murata
ceramic demodulator tank from Murata
TH71111
868/915MHz
= 10 pF to 15pF,
load
TH71111 Data SheetPage 13 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 14
FM Reception
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
L2
XT AL
R1
C5
VCC
C1
C3
VCC
VEE
VCC
OUTN
RO
VCC
ENRX
LF
VEE
IN_LNA
VEE
OUTP
GAIN_LNA
C16
R6
C15
VEE
RSSI
LQFP32
IN_MIX1
OUT_LNA
R5
C14
R4
OAP
VEE
OAN
IF1P
R3
VCC
IN_DEM
OUT_OA
OUT_IFA
VCC
FBC2
FBC1
IN_IFA
VEE
VCC
IF1N
VCC
OUT_MIX2
C13
C12
CP
CERRES
VCC
C11
C9
C10
CERFIL
C7
C6
RL1
RL2
CB*
VCC
L1
SAWFIL
C4
L3
Fig. 4: Test circuit for FM reception
TH71111 Data SheetPage 14 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
crystal series capacitor
loop filter capacitor
capacitor to match to SAW filter input
capacitor to match to SAW filter output
LNA output tank capacitor
MIX1 input matching capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
DEMOD phase-shift capacitor
DEMOD coupling capacitor
CERRES parallel capacitor
sallen-Key low-pass filter capacitor, to set cut-off fre-
quency
sallen-Key low-pass filter capacitor, to set cut-off fre-
quency
RSSI output low-pass capacitor
loop filter resistor
sallen-Key filter resistor, to set desired filter characteristic
sallen-Key filter resistor, to set desired filter characteristic
sallen-Key filter resistor, to set cut-off frequency
sallen-Key filter resistor, to set cut-off frequency
MIX1 bias resistor
MIX1 bias resistor
inductor to match SAW filter
inductor to match SAW filter
LNA output tank inductor
fundamental-mode crystal, C
C
0, max
= 7 pF, R
m, max
= 50 Ω
low-loss SAW filter from EPCOS
ceramic filter from Murata
ceramic demodulator tank from Murata
TH71111
868/915MHz
= 10 pF to 15pF,
load
TH71111 Data SheetPage 15 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 16
ASK Reception
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
R3
C13
L2
C12
VEE
XT AL
C1
VCC
C3
R1
VCC
C5
VCC
SAWFIL
OUTN
RO
VCC
ENRX
LF
VEE
IN_LNA
VEE
VEE
OUTP
RSSI
OAN
OAP
LQFP32
VEE
OUT_LNA
IN_MIX1
C7
GAIN_LNA
IF1P
VCC
IN_DEM
OUT_OA
OUT_IFA
VCC
FBC2
FBC1
IN_IFA
VEE
VCC
IF1N
VCC
VCC
C11
C9
C10
CERFIL
OUT_MIX2
L1
C4
L3
C6
RL1
RL2
CB*
VCC
Fig. 5: Test circuit for ASK reception
TH71111 Data SheetPage 16 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
crystal series capacitor
loop filter capacitor
capacitor to match to SAW filter input
capacitor to match to SAW filter output
LNA output tank capacitor
MIX1 input matching capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
IFA feedback capacitor
ASK data slicer capacitor, depending on data rate
RSSI output low-pass capacitor
loop filter resistor
ASK data slicer resistor, depending on data rate
MIX1 bias resistor
MIX1 bias resistor
inductor to match SAW filter
inductor to match SAW filter
LNA output tank inductor
IF1 tank inductor
IF1 tank inductor
fundamental-mode crystal, C
C
0, max
= 7 pF, R
m, max
= 50 Ω
low-loss SAW filter from EPCOS
ceramic filter from Murata
TH71111
868/915MHz
= 10 pF to 15pF,
load
TH71111 Data SheetPage 17 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 18
Package Dimensions
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
D
D1
1724
b
25
16
E
E1
32
1
A1A2A
8
L
e
9
Fig. 6: LQFP32 (Low Quad Flat Package)
All Dimension in mm, coplanaríty < 0.1mm
E1, D1AA1A2ebLE, D
min0.051.350.300.450°
7.000.89.00
max1.600.151.450.450.757°
All Dimension in inch, coplanaríty < 0.004”
min0.0020.0530.0120.0180°
0.2760.0310.354
max0.6300.0060.0570.0180.0307°
αααα
TH71111 Data SheetPage 18 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005
Page 19
Your Notes
TH71111
868/915MHz
FSK/FM/ASK Receiver
TH71111 Data SheetPage 19 of 20 Nov. 2001
3901071111 Rev. 005