The TC7652 i s a lower noise version of the TC7650,
sacrificing some input specifications (bias current and
bandwidth) to achieve a 10x reduction in noise. All the
other benefits of the chopper technique are present,
(i.e, freedom from offset adjust, drift and reliability problems from external trim components).LiketheTC7650,
the TC7652 requires only two noncritical external caps
for storing the chopped null potentials. There are no
significant chopping spikes, internal effects or overrange lockup problems.
Package Type
8-Pin DIP
C
1
A
-Input
2
TC7652CPA
3
+Input
4
V
SS
14-Pin DIP
C
B
1
C
A
2
NC
3
TC7652CPD
-Input
4
5
+Input
6
NC
7
V
SS
NC = No Internal Connection
(Ma
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21464B-page 1
Be Used As Input Guard)
8
7
6
5
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
C
B
V
DD
Output
Output
Clamp
INT/EXT
EXT CLK
In
INT CLK
Out
V
DD
Output
Output
Clamp
C
RETN
Page 2
TC7652
S
Functional Block Diagram
Output Clamp
(Not On "Z" Pinout)
Inputs
A
Output Clamp
Circuit
Main
Amplifier
NULL
Intermod
Comparator
BB
NULL
Amplifier
Oscillator
BA
BA
TC7652
14-Pin DIP Only
INT/EXT
EXT CLK IN
CLK OUT
C
B
C
A
Output
NULL
NOTE 1: For 8-pin DIP connect to VSS, or to C
on "Z" pinout.
RET
C
RETN
(1)
V
S
DS21464B-page 2
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
Page 3
TC7652
1.0ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Total Supply Voltage (VDDto VSS) .......................+18V
Input Voltage.................... (V
Voltage on Oscillator Control Pins...............V
+0.3V)to (VSS–0.3V)
DD
DD
to V
SS
*Stresses above those listed under “Absolute M aximum
Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the dev ice.
These are stress ratings only and functional oper ation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not
implied. Exposure to Absolute Max imum Rating conditions
for ex tended periods my affect device reliability.
Duration of Output Short Circuit.....................Indefinite
Current Into Any Pin............................................10mA
CMVRCommon Mode Voltage Range-4.3—+3.5V
MRRCommon Mode Rejection Ratio120140—dBCMVR = -4.3V to +3.5V
PSRRPower Supply120140—dB±3Vto ±8V
e
N
I
N
GBWUnity Gain Bandwidth—0.4—MHz
SRSlew Rate—1—V/µsec C
V
DD,VSS
Note 1: Limiting input current to 100µA is recommended to avoid latch-up problems. Typically 1mA is safe however,thisis not
Input Offset Voltage—±2±5µVTA=+25°C
Average Temperature Co-efficient of
Input Offset Voltage
Input Bias Current (CLK On)—
Input Bias Current (CLK Off)—
Input Offset Current—25150pA
Input Resistance—10
Output Voltage Swing (Note 2)±4.7—±4.85
InputNoiseVoltage—
InputNoiseCurrent—0.01—pA/
Overshoot—15—%
Operating SupplyRange5—16V
guaranteed.
2: Output clamp not connected. See typical characteristics curves for output swing versus clamp current characteristics.
3: See “OutputClamp” under detailed description.
Note 1: Limiting input current to 100µA is recommended to avoid latch-up problems. Typically 1mA is safe however,thisis not
SupplyCurrent—13mANoLoad
Internal ChoppingFrequency100275—HzPins 12 – 14 Open (DIP)
ClampON Current(Note 3)25100—µAR
Clamp OFF Current (Note3)—1—pA-4V≤ V
guaranteed.
2: Output clamp not connected. See typical characteristics curves for output swing versus clamp current characteristics.
3: See “OutputClamp” under detailed description.
= 100kΩ
L
OUT
<+10V
DS21464B-page 4
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
Page 5
2.0PIN DESCRIPTIONS
ThedescriptionsofthepinsarelistedinTable2-1.
TABLE 2-1:PIN FUNCTION TABLE
TC7652
Pin Number
8-pin DIP14-pin DIP
1,82,1C
24-INPUTInverting Input
35+INPUTNon-inverting Input
47 V
59OUTPUT
610OUTPUTOutput
711 V
—3,6NCNo internal connection
—8C
—12INT CLK OUT Internal Clock Output
—13EXT CLK INExternal Clock Input
—14INT/EXT
SymbolDescription
A,CB
SS
CLAMP
DD
RETN
Nulling capacitor pins
Negative Power Supply
Output VoltageClamp
Positive Power Supply
Capacitor current return pin
Select Internal or External Clock
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21464B-page 5
Page 6
TC7652
3.0DETAILED DESCRIPTION
3.1Capacitor Connection
Connect the null storage capacitors to the CAand C
pins with a common connection to the C
TC7652)ortoV
V
, avoid injecting load current IR drops into the
SS
capacitive circuitry by making this connection directly
via a separate wire or PC trace.
(8-pinTC7652).W hen connecting to
SS
3.2Output Clamp
In chopper stabilized amplifiers, the output clamp pin
reduces overload recovery time. When a connection is
made to the inverting input pin (summing junction), a
current path is created between that point and the output pin, just before the device output saturates. This
prevents uncontrolled differential input voltages and
charge build-up on correction storage capacitors. O utput swing is reduced.
3.3Clock
The TC7652 has a 550Hz internal oscillator, which i s
divided by two before clocking the input chopper
switches. The 275Hz c hopping frequency is available
at INT CLK OUT (Pin 12) on 14-pin devices. In normal
operation,INT/EXT(Pin14),whichhasan internal pullup, can be left open.
An external clock can also be used. To disable the
internalclockanduse an external one, the INT/EXT pin
must be tied to V
applied to the EXT CLK IN input (Pin 1 3). An internal
divide-by-twoprovides a 50%switchingdutycycle.The
capacitorsare only charged when EXT CLK IN is high,
so a 50% to 80% positive duty cycle is recommended
for higher clock frequencies. The external clock can
swing between V
about 2.5V below V
The output of the internal oscillator, before the divideby-two circuit, is available at EXT CLK I N when INT/
EXT is high or unconnected. This output can serve as
the clock input for a second TC7652 (operating in a
master/slavemode), so that both op amps will clock at
the same frequency. This prevents clock i ntermodulation effects when two TC7652's are used in a differential amplifier configuration.
. The external clock signal is then
SS
and VSS, with the logic threshold
DD
.
DD
RET
pin (14-pin
FIGURE 3-1:TEST CIRCUIT
R2
1MΩ
B
If the TC7652's output saturates, error voltages on the
external capacitors will slow overload recovery. This
condition can be avoided i f a strobe signal is available.
The strobe signal is applied to EXT CLK IN and the
overload signal is applied to the amplifier while the
strobe is LOW. In this case, neither capacitor will be
charged. The low leakage of the capacitor pins allow
long measurements to be made within eligible errors
(typicalcapacitor drift is 10µV/sec).
R
1
1kΩ
TC7652
-
+
0.1µF0.1µF
C
R
C
Output
4.0TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
4.1Component Selection
CAand CB(external capacitors)should be i n the 0.1µF
to 1µF range. For minimum clock ripple noise, use a
1µF capacitor in broad bandwidth circuits. For limited
bandwidth applications where clock ripple is filtered
out, use a 0.1µF capacitor for slightly lower offset voltage. High quality, film type capacitors (polyester or
polypropylene) are recommended, although a lower
grade ceramic may work in some applications. For
quickest settling after initial turn-on, use low dielectric
absorption capacitors (e.g., polypropylene). With
ceramic capacitors, settling to 1µV takes several seconds.
4.2Static Protection
Although input diodes static protect all device pins,
avoid strong electrostatic fields and discharges that
can cause degraded diode junctioncharacteristics and
produce increased input-leakage currents.
DS21464B-page 6
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
Page 7
TC7652
4.3Output Stage/Load Driving
The output circuit is high impedance (about 18kΩ).
With lesser loads, the chopper amplifier behaves
somewhat like a transconductance amplifier with an
open-loop gain proportional to load resistance. (For
example, the open-loop gain is 17dB lower with a 1kΩ.
load than with a 10kΩ load.) If the amp is used only for
DC, the DC gain is typically greater than 120dB (even
FIGURE 4-1:CONNECTION OF INPUT GUARDS
Inverting Amplifier
R
2
TC7652
-
+
Output
Noninverting Amplifier
TC7652
R
1
R
2
-
+
Input
R
1
witha1kΩ load),andthislowergainisinconsequential.
For wide band, t he best frequency response occurs
with a load resistor of at least 10kΩ. This produces a
6dB/octave response from 0.1Hz to 2MHz, with phase
shifts of less than 2 degrees in the t ransition region,
where the main amplifiertakesoverfromthenullamplifier.
Follower
TC7652
Input
Output
-
+
Output
Input
4.4Thermoelectric Effects
The thermoelectric (Seebeck) effects in thermocouple
junctions of dissimilar metals, alloys, silicon, etc. limit
ultra high precision DC amplifiers. Unless all junctions
are at the same temperature, thermoelectric voltages
around 0.1µV/°C (up to tens of µV/°C for some materials) are generated.To realize the low offset voltages of
the chopper, avoid temperature gradients. Enclose
componentstoeliminate air movement, especiallyfrom
power dissipating elements in the system. Where possible, use low thermoelectric co-efficient connections.
Keep power supply voltages and power dissipation to a
minimum. Use high impedance loads and seek maximum separation from surrounding heat disipating elements.
4.5Guarding
To benefit from TC7652 low input currents, take care
assembling pr inted circuit boards. Clean boards with
alcohol or TCE and blow dry with compressed air. To
prevent contamination, coat boards with epoxy or silicone rubber.
Even if boards are cleaned and coated, leakage currents may occur because input pins are next to pins at
supplypotentials.To reducethisleakage,use guarding
to lower the voltage difference between the inputs and
adjacent metal runs. The guard (a conductive ring surroundinginputs)isconnectedto a low i mpedance point
at about the same voltage as inputs. The guard
absorbs leakage currents from high voltage pins.
The 14-pin dual-in-line arrangement simplifies guarding. Like the LM108 pin configuration (but unlike the
101A and 741), pins next to inputs are not used.
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21464B-page 7
Page 8
TC7652
4.6Pin Compatibility
Where possible, the 8-pin device pinout conforms to
such industrystandardsastheLM101and LM741. Null
storing external capacitors connect to Pins 1 and 8,
whichareusuallyforoffsetnullor compensationcapacitors. Output clamp (Pin 5) is similarly used. For OP05
and OP07 devices, replacement of the offset null
potentiometer (connected between Pins 1 and 8 and
V
by two capacitorsfrom those pins to VSS) provides
DD
compatibility. Replacing the compensation capacitor
between Pins 1 and 8 by two capacitors to V
SS
required. The same operation(with the removal of any
connection to Pin 5) works for LM101, µA748 and similar parts.
Because NC pins provide guarding between input and
otherpins,the 14-pin device pinout conforms closelyto
theLM108. Becausethisdevicedoesnotuseany extra
pins and does not provide offset nulling (but requires a
compensation capacitor), some layout changes are
necessary to convert to the TC7652.
4.7Some Applications
Figures 4-2 and 4-3 show basic inverting and noninverting amplifier circuits using the output clamping circuit to enhance overload recovery performance. The
only limitations on replacing other op amps with the
TC7652 are s upply voltage (±8Vmaximum)and output
drive capability (10kΩ load f or full swing). Overcome
these l imitations with a booster circuit (Figure 4-4) to
combine output capabilities of the LM741 (or other
standard device) with input capabilities of the TC7652.
These two form a composite device, therefore, when
adding the feedback network, t he monitor loop gains
stability.
FIGURE 4-2:NONINVERTING
AMPLIFIER W ITH
OPTIONAL CLAMP
Clamp
0.1µF
R
2
TC7652
Output
Input
0.1µF
+
–
FIGURE 4-3:INVERTING AMPLIFIER
WITH OPTIONAL CLAMP
R
2
Input
R
1
–
+
Clamp
TC7652
Output
is
0.1µF0.1µF
FIGURE 4-4:USING 741 TO BOOST
OUTPUT DRIVE
CAPABILITY
TC7652
-7.5V
+
In
-7.5V
0.1
µF
–
0.1
µF
Figure4-5 shows the clamp circuit of a zero offsetcomparator. Because the clamp circuit requires the inverting input to follow the input signal, problems with a
chopper stabilized op amp are avoided. The threshold
input must tolerate the output clamp current ≈V
without disrupting other parts of the system.
Figure 4-6 shows h ow the TC7652 can offset null high
slew rate and wideband amplifiers.
Mixing the TC7652 with circuits operating at ±15V
requiresalowersupplyvoltage divider withtheTC7660
voltage converter circuit operated "backwards." Figure
4-7 shows an approximate connection.
+15V
+
–
-15V
10kΩ
741
Out
/R
IN
FIGURE 4-5:LOW OFFSET
COMPARATOR
DS21464B-page 8
R
3
R
1
0.1µF0.1µF
V
IN
+
–
200kΩ to 2mΩ
TC7652
V
OUT
Clamp
V
TH
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
Page 9
FIGURE 4-6:1437 OFFSET NULLED BY
t
TC7652
TC7652
22kΩ
TC7652
+
–
Fast
22kΩ
Ou
+
–
In
Amplifier
FIGURE 4-7:SPLITTING +15V WITH
THE 7660 AT >95%
EFFICIENCY
2
TC7660
10µF
45
6
8
3
1MW
+15V
+7.5V
10µF
0V
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21464B-page 9
Page 10
TC7652
(
g)
5.0TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Note:The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of
samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein
are not tested or guaranteed. I n some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified
operating range ( e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range.
Package marking information not available at this time.
6.2Package Dimensions
8-Pin Plastic DIP
PIN 1
.260 (6.60)
.240 (6.10)
.045 (1.14)
.030 (0.76)
.400 (10.16)
.348 (8.84)
.200 (5.08)
.140 (3.56)
.150 (3.81)
.115 (2.92)
.110 (2.79)
.090 (2.29)
.022 (0.56)
.015 (0.38)
14-Pin PDIP (Narrow)
.070 (1.78)
.040 (1.02)
.040 (1.02)
.020 (0.51)
.015 (0.38)
.008 (0.20)
.260 (6.60)
.240 (6.10)
.310 (7.87)
.290 (7.37)
3˚MIN.
.400 (10.16)
.310 (7.87)
Dimensions: inches (mm
PIN 1
.200 (5.08)
.140 (3.56)
.150 (3.81)
.115 (2.92)
DS21464B-page 12
.110 (2.79)
.090 (2.29)
.770 (19.56)
.745 (18.92)
.070 (1.78)
.045 (1.14)
.022 (0.56)
.015 (0.38)
.040 (1.02)
.020 (0.51)
.310 (7.87)
.290 (7.37)
.015 (0.38)
.008 (0.20)
.400 (10.16)
.310 (7.87)
Dimensions: inches (mm)
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
3
˚MIN.
Page 13
TC7652
SALES AND SUPPORT
Data Sheets
Products supportedby a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recommendedworkarounds.To determine if an erratasheet exists for a particulardevice, please contactoneof the following:
1.Your local Microchip sales office
2.The MicrochipCorporate Literature Center U.S. FAX:(480) 792-7277
3.The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com)
Pleasespecify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (includeLiterature #) you are using.
New Customer Notification System
Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products.
2002 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21464B-page13
Page 14
TC7652
NOTES:
DS21464B-page 14 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
Page 15
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is intended through suggestion only
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
No representation or warranty is given and no liability is
assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect
to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of
patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such
use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with
express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property
rights.
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