The TC3405 is a l ow cost, low power analog-to-digital
converter based on Microchip’s Sigma-Delta technology. I t will per form 16-bit conversions (15-bit pl us sign)
at up to eight per second. The TC3405 is optimized for
use as a microcontroller peripheral in low cost, battery
operated systems. A voltage reference is included, or
an external referencecan be used. A V
a resetgeneratorprovidesPower-on Reset and Brownout protection while an extra threshold detector is suitable for use as an early warning power fail detector,or
as a Wake-up Timer.
The TC3405’s 2-wire microPort™ digital interface is
used for starting conversions and for reading out the
data. Driving the SCLK line l ow starts a conversion.
Afterthe conversion starts, each additional falling edge
(up to six) detected on SCLK for t
the A/D resolution by one bit and cuts conversion time
in half. After a conversion is completed, clocking the
SCLK line puts the MSB t hrough LSB of the resulting
dataword onto the SDATline,much like a shift register.
The part automatically sleeps when not performing a
data conversion.
*Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum
Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These
are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device
at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the
Absolute Maximum Ratings*
Supply Voltage .....................................................6.0V
operation sections of the specifications is not implied.
Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for
extended periods may affectdevice reliability.
Voltage on Pin:
RESET
................................ (GND – 0.3V) to 5.5V
Input Voltage (All Other Pins):
................................. (GND – 0.3V) to (V
DD
+0.3V)
Operating Temperature Range ................. 0°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature ........................ -65°C to +150°C
TC3405 DC ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Electrical Characteristics: TA= 25°C and VDD= 2.7V, unless otherwise specified. Boldface type specifications apply for
2: Resistance from INn+ to INn- or INn to GND.
3: @V
=1.8V,I
DD
= 1.25V, Internal Clock Frequency = 520kHz.
REF
+–VIN-).
IN
≤ 200µA.
SOURCE
DD
DD
V
V
DD
——V
——VI
DD
SOURCE
V
=400µA (Note 3 )
TC3405 AC ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Electrical Characteristics: T
temperaturesof 0°C to 85°C. V
SymbolParameterMinTypMaxUnitTest Conditions
t
1
t
2
t
3
Resolution Reduction Clock Width1——µsecWidth of SCLK (Negative)
Resolution Reduction Clock Width1——µsecWidth of SCLK (Positive)
Conversion Time(15-bit Plus Sign)—125—msec 16-bit Conversion, TA=25°C(Note 1)
Conversion Time (14-bit Plus Sign)—t
Conversion Time (13-bit Plus Sign)—t
Conversion Time (12-bit Plus Sign)—t
Conversion Time(11-bit Plus Sign)—t
Conversion Time (10-bit Plus Sign)—t
Conversion Time(9-bitP lus Sign)—t
t
4
t
5
t
6
t
7
t
8
t
9
t
11
Resolution Reduction Window—t3/85.7—msec Widthof SCLK
SCLK to Data Valid1000——nsecSCLK FallingEdgeto SDAT Valid
Address Setup0——nsecAddress Valid to SCLK
Address Hold1000——nsecSCLK to AddressValidHold
Acknowledge Delay——1000nsecSCLKto SDAT Delay
RESET Active Time-out Period—t3*2—msecDelay from POR or Brown-out
RESET Delay5—64µsecDelay VTHFalling at 10V/msec to
Note 1: Nominal temperature driftis -2830ppm/C° for temperature less than 25°C and -1340ppm/°C for temperatures
greater than 25°C
= 25°C and VDD= 2.7V, unless otherwise specified. Boldface type specifications apply for
A
= 1.25V, Internal Clock Frequency = 520kHz.
REF
/2.0—msec15-bit Conversion
3
/4.0—msec14-bit Conversion
3
/7.8—msec13-bit Conversion
3
/15.1—msec 12-bitConversion
3
/28.6—msec 11-bit Conversion
3
/51.4—msec 10-bitConversion
3
Recovery to RESET
RESET
Low
=V
.
OH
DS21414B-page 4
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
TC3405
2.0PIN DESCRIPTIONS
ThedescriptionsofthepinsarelistedinTable2-1.
TABLE 2-1:PIN FUNCTION TABLE
Pin No.
(16-Pin PDIP)
(16-Pin QSOP)
1IN1+AnalogInput. This is the positive terminalof a true differential input consisting of IN1+ and IN1-.
2IN1-AnalogInput. This is the negative terminalof a true differential input consisting of IN1+ and IN1-.
3IN2Analog Input. This is the positive terminal of a true differential input with the negative input tied
4IN3Analog Input. This is the positive terminal of a true differential input with the negative input tied
5IN4Analog Input. This is the positive terminal of a true differential input with the negative input tied
6V
7REF
8GNDGround Terminal.
9REF
10SDATDigital Output (push-pull). This is the microPort™ serial data output.S DAT is driven low while the
11ENABLE Digital Input.Whenthisinput control is pulled low,t he partisinternally restarted.Thatis, any data
12RESET
13A1DigitalInput. Controlsanalogmultiplexerinconjunction withA0 to select one of thefour input
14A0DigitalInput. Controlsanalogmultiplexerinconjunction withA1 to select one of thefour input
15SCLKDigitalInput. This is the microPort™ serial clock input. The TC3405comes out of Sleep mode and a
16V
SymbolDescription
V
= (IN1+ – IN-). See Section 1.0, Electrical Characteristics.
IN1
= (IN+ – IN-) IN1- can swing to, but not below, ground. See Section 1.0, Electrical Characteristics.
V
IN1
internally to GND. See Section 1.0, Electrical Characteristics.
internally to GND. See Section 1.0, Electrical Characteristics.
internally to GND. See Section 1.0, Electrical Characteristics.
AnalogInput. This is the positive input to the internal comparator used to monitor the voltage supply.
TH
The negative input is tied to an internal reference. When V
reset generator drives RESET
AnalogInput. The converter’sreference voltageis the differentialbetween this pin and ground times
IN
two.ItmaybetieddirectlytoREF
reference voltage less than 1.25 may be used in place of REF
AnalogOutput. The internalreferenceconnects to this pin. It may be scaledexternally, and tiedto the
OUT
REF
inputto providetheconverter’s reference voltage.Caremustbe taken in connectingexternal
IN
circuitry to this pin. This pin is in a high impedance state during Sleep mode.
TC3405is converting data, effectively providing a “busy” signal. Afterthe conversion is complete,
every highto low transition on the SCLKpin putsa bit from the resulting data word on theSDAT pin
(from MSB to LSB).
conversion or data read sequence is cleared and the part goes into Sleep mode. When ENABLE
returns high, the part resumes normaloperation.
Digital Output(open drain).This is the outputoftheVDDmonitor reset generator. RESET is driven low
when a Power-on Reset or Brown-out condition is detected.
See Section 1.0, AC Electrical Characteristics.
channels. This address is latched at the falling edgeof the SCLK, which startsan A/D conversion.
A1, A0 = 00 = Input 1; 01 = Input 2; 10 = Input 3; 11 = Input 4.
channels. Thisaddress is latchedatthe fallingedgeofthe SCLK, whichstarts an A/Dconversion.A1,
A0=00=Input1;01=Input2;10=Input3;11=Input4.
conversion cycle begins when this pin is driven low. After the conversion starts, each additional
fallingedge(uptosix) detectedon SCLK for t
the conversion is complete, the data word can be shifted out on the S DAT pin by clocking the SCLK
pin.
Power SupplyInput.
DD
low. See Section 1.0, Electrical Characteristics.
or scaled using a resistor divider. Any user supplied
OUT
seconds, reduces the A/D resolution by one bit. When
4
falls belowtheinternal reference, the
TH
.
OUT
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21414B-page 5
TC3405
3.0DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The TC3405 has a 16-bit sigma-delta A/D converter. It
has one differentialinput,three single-endedinputs,an
analog multiplexerand a V
ator. See the Typical Application circuit and the
Functional Block diagram. The key components of the
TC3405 are described below.
Alsoreferto Figure 3-5, A/D OperationalFlowchart and
the Timing Diagrams, Figure 3-1, Figure 3-2 and
Figure 3-3.
3.1A/D Converter Operation
When the TC3405 is not converting, it is in Sleep mode
with both the SCLK and SDAT lines high. An A/D
conversionis initiated by a high to low transition on the
SCLK line at which time the internal clock of the
TC3405 is started and the address value (A0 and A1)
is internally latched. The addressvalue steers theanalog multiplexer to select the input channel to be
converted. Each additional high to low transition of
SCLK (following the initial SCLK falling edge) during
thetimeintervalt
resolutionbyonebit and reduce the conversion time by
one half. The time interval t
resolution reduction window. The minimum conversion
resolution is 10-bits so any more than 6 SCLK
transitionsduring t
After each high to low transition of SCLK, in the t
interval,the SDAT output is driven high by the TC3405
to acknowledge that the resolution has been decremented. W hen the SCLK returns hi gh or the t
ends,theSDAT line returnslow(seeFigure 3-2). When
the conversion is complete SDAT is driven high. The
TC3405 now enters Sleep mode and the conversion
value can be read as a serial data word on the SDAT
line.
The SCLK i nput has a f ilter which r ejects any positive
or negative pulse of width less than 50nsec to reduce
noise. The rejection width of this pulse can vary
between 50nsec and 750nsec depending on processing parameters and supply voltage.
Figure 3-1 and Table3-2 show information for determining the mode of operation for the TC3401 part by
recording the value of SDAT for SCLK in a high, t hen
low, then high state. For example, if SCLK goes
through a 1-0-1 transition and the corresponding
values of SDAT are 1-1-0, then the SCLK falling edge
starteda new dataconversion.A 0-1-0 for SDAT would
have indicated a resolution reduction had occurred.
This i s useful if the microcontroller has a Watchdog
Reset or otherwise loses track of where the TC3405 is
in the conversion and data readout sequence. The
4
microcontroller can simply transition SCLK until it
“finds” a StartConversion condition.
= 1.193V)
IN
FIGURE 3-1:SCLK, SDAT LOGIC
STATE DIAGRAM
SCLK
3.2Reading the Data Word
After the conversion is complete and SDAT goes high,
the conversion value can be clocked serially onto the
SDAT line by high to low transitions of the SCLK. The
datawordisintwo’scomplimentformat with the sign bit
clocked onto the SDAT line, first followed by the MSB
and ending in the LSB.For a 16-bit conversion the data
word would c onsist of a sign bit followed by 15 magnitude bits, Table 3-1 shows the data word versus input
voltage for a 16-bit conversion. Note that the full scale
input voltage range is ±(2 REF
REF
is fed back directly to REFIN,anLSBis73µV
OUT
for a 16-bit conversion, as REF
Figure 3-4 shows typical SCLK and SDAT waveforms
for 16, 12 and 10-bit conversions. Note that any completeconvert and read cycle requires17 negative edge
clock pulses. The first is the convert command. Then,
up to six of these can occur in the resolution reduction
window, t
, to decrement resolution. The remaining
4
pulses clock out the conversion data word.
DS21414B-page 6
– 1LSB). When
IN
is typically 1.193V.
OUT
SDAT
A
BC
TABLE 3-2:SCLK, SDAT LOGIC STATE
AB CStatus
110StartConversion
010Resolution Reduction
x11Data Transfer
x00Data Transfer or Busy*
*Note: The code X00has a dualmeaning: DataTransferor
Busy converting. Toavoid confusion, the user should
send only the required number of pulses for the
desired resolution, then wait for SDAT to rise to 1,
indicating conversion is complete before clocking
SCLK againto read out data bits.
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
FIGURE 3-2:CONVERSION AND DATA OUTPUT TIMING
t
2
t
SCLK
SDAT
1
t
t
4
t
3
t
8
8
D
N
(MSB)
Data Conversion
Complete
t6t
7
A0, A1
Start Conversion and Resolution Control TimingData Output Timing
FIGURE 3-3:RESET AND POWER FAIL TIMING
TC3405
t
5
D
N-1
D
N-1
D
0
(LSB)
Sleep
Mode
1.80
1.23
1.20
1.1
0
RESET
Volts
Hysteresis
V
DD
V
TH
Time
t
9
Reset Generator Timing
V
DD
t
t
9
11
t
11
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21414B-page 7
TC3405
FIGURE 3-4:SCLK AND SDAT WAVEFORMS FOR 16, 12 AND 10-BIT CONVERSIONS
16-bit Data Conversion,
SCLK
t3a
SDAT
Data Conversion
Complete
Data Word A5A5h
SCLK
SDAT
SCLK
SDAT
SCLK
SDAT
> t3a
Data Conversion
Complete
< t
4
t3e
< t
4
t3g
16-bit Data Conversion, Long Start Pulse,
Data Word 5A5Ah
12-bit Conversion,
Data Word = AB3h
Data Conversion
Complete
10-bit Conversion with "Extra"
Data Reduction Clocks, Data Word = 3A4h
DS21414B-page 8
Data Conversion
Complete
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
FIGURE 3-5:A/D OPERATIONAL FLOWCHART
TC3405
POR
Sleep
SDAT = High
No
Channel Address (if applicable).
SCLK
Hgh to Low?
Yes
Power Up Analog,
Start CONVCLK (= 0),
Start Conversion,
Resolution = 2m
(m = 16), Latch Input
SCLK
Low to High
transition?
Yes
No
SDAT = Low
CONVCLK = 2m?
(Conversion Done?)
Yes
Power Down Analog,
Conversion Complete,
SDAT = High
SCLK
High to Low?
Yes
SDAT = Dm;
m = m – 1
No
No
SDAT = Low
CONVCLK
No
No
SCLK
High to Low?
Resolution
> 2
Reduce A/D
Resolution by 1-bit
(m = m – 1);
SDAT = High
< 2
A/D
9
10
?
Yes
Yes
?
Yes
No
m ≥ 0?
No
SDAT = High
Internal Reset
Sleep
Yes
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21414B-page 9
TC3405
3.3VDDMonitor
The TC3405 RESET output is in high impedance
provided the voltage at V
voltage reference. This reference is approximately the
samevalue as the voltage appearingat REF
V
is lessthan the internalreference,RESETispulled
TH
low. When V
rises above the internal reference
TH
voltage again, RESET
time-out period, t
, before being released. The RESET
9
output is valid for VDD=1.3Vto5.5V.
When used to generate a Power-on or Brown-out
Reset,an external resistor network is required to divide
the appropriate V
V
input, (See the Typical Application circuit). For
TH
DD
example, to generate a POR for a V
values of R1 and R2 should be 137kΩ and 115kΩ
respectively.
Since RESET
is an open drain, it can be wired-OR’ed
with another open drain or external switch if desired.
is greater than the internal
TH
.When
OUT
is held low for the reset active
threshold down to 1.23V at the
at 3V -10%, the
DD
DS21414B-page 10
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
4.0PACKAGING INFORMATION
4.1Package Marking Information
Package marking data not available at this time.
4.2Taping Forms
Component Taping Orientation for 16-Pin QSOP (Narrow) Devices
PIN 1
TC3405
User Direction of Feed
W
P
Standard Reel Component Orientation
for TR Suffix Device
Carrier Tape, Reel Size, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size
Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size
16-Pin QSOP (N) 12 mm 8 mm 2500 13 in
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21414B-page 11
TC3405
)
4.3Package Dimensions
16-Pin PDIP (Narrow)
.045 (1.14)
.030 (0.76)
.200 (5.08)
.140 (3.56)
.150 (3.81)
.115 (2.92)
.770 (19.56)
.740 (18.80)
PIN 1
.270 (6.86)
.240 (6.10)
.040 (1.02)
.020 (0.51)
.014 (0.36)
.008 (0.20)
.310 (7.87)
.290 (7.37)
10°
MAX.
.110 (2.79)
.090 (2.29)
.070 (1.78)
.045 (1.14)
16-Pin QSOP (Narrow)
PIN 1
.157 (3.99)
.150 (3.81)
.010 (0.25)
.004 (0.10)
.025
(0.635)
TYP.
.196 (4.98)
.189 (4.80)
.012 (0.31)
.008 (0.21)
.022 (0.56)
.015 (0.38)
.244 (6.20)
.228 (5.80)
.069 (1.75)
.053 (1.35)
8°
MAX.
.400 (10.16)
.310 (7.87)
Dimensions: inches (mm
.010 (0.25)
.007 (0.19)
.050 (1.27)
.016 (0.41)
Dimensions: inches (mm)
DS21414B-page 12
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.
TC3405
SALES AND SUPPORT
Data Sheets
Products supportedby a preliminaryData Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recommendedworkarounds.To determine if an erratasheetexists for a particular device,please contact one of the following:
1.Y our local Microchip sales office
2.The MicrochipCorporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (480) 792-7277
3.The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com)
Pleasespecify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (includeLiterature #) you are using.
New Customer Notification System
Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the mostcurrenti nformationon our products.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is intended through suggestion only
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
No representation or warranty is given and no liability is
assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect
to the accuracy or use of such information,or infringement of
patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such
use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with
express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property
rights.
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The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, FilterLab,
K
EELOQ,microID,MPLAB,PIC,PICmicro,PICMASTER,
PICSTART, PRO MATE, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
SolutionsCompany areregiste red trademarksof MicrochipTechnologyIncorp or ated in the U.S.A. and other countries .
dsPIC, ECONOMONITOR, Fa nSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB,
In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, microPort,
Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM,
MXDEV, PICC, PICDEM, PICDEM.net , rfPIC, Select Mode
and TotalEndurancearetrademarksofMicrochipTechnology
Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Serialized Quick Turn Programming (SQTP) is a service mark
of Microchip TechnologyIncorporated in t he U.S.A.
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respective companies.
Microchip received QS-9000 quality system
certification for its worldwide headquarters,
design and wafer fabrication facilities in
Chandler and Tempe, Arizona in July 1999
and Mountain View, California in March 2002.
The Company’s quality system processes and
procedures are QS-9000 compliant for its
®
PICmicro
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals,
non-volatile memory and analog products. In
addition, Microchip’s quality system for the
design and manufacture of development
systemsisISO 9001certified.
2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.DS21414B-page 15
8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ®code hopping
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