Datasheet SL2015, SL2015KG, SL2015QP1S, SL2015QP1T Datasheet (MITEL)

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Page 1

FEATURES

■ Single chip full band solution, compatible with digital and analog transmissions

■ Low noise RF input

■ High input signal handling to eliminate the

requirement for front end AGC

■ Low phase noise local oscillator

■ No prescaler in LO output drive, optimal

architecture for low phase noise applications

■ Low radiation design

■ IF AGC amplifier with dual selectable outputs

■ ESD protection. (Normal ESD handling

procedures should be observed)

ORDERING INFORMATION

SL2015/KG/QP1S (Tubes) SL2015/KG/QP1T (Tape and Reel)

The SL2015 is a fully integrated mixer oscillator with output

AGC, intended primarily for application in satellite tuners, where it downconverts the first high IF from the outdoor unit to the second IF for data demodulation.

The device contains a low noise RF input amplifier and

mixer functioning to 2.15GHz, an integrated low phase noise local oscillator and an AGC IF output buffer amplifier. The IF signal is available at one of two outputs selected by the IF-OPSEL input.

The signal handling of the SL2015 is sufficient to greatly

simplify or remove the requirement for input AGC with appropriate image filtering in full band systems, or to remove the requirement for band limit filtering with appropriate AGC in half band systems.

APPLICATIONS

■ Satellite tuners

■ Communications systems

PIN 1

REF. SPOT

Fig.1 Pin connections - top view

-RF

RF INPUTB

RF INPUT

-RF

VCC-LO

TANK

TANKB

-LO

IF-OP-SEL

AGC CONTROL IF OUTPUT1 IF OUTPUT1B

-IF

LO OUTPUT

LO OUTPUTB V

-IF

IF OUTPUT2B

IF OUTPUT2

QP20

SL2015

Full Band Satellite Tuner

Advance Information

Supersedes April 1997 version, DS4548 - 2.1 DS4593 - 3.2 February 1998

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SL2015

QUICK REFERENCE DATA

Characteristic Units

RF input noise figure 16 dB Maximum conversion gain 33 dB Minimum conversion gain -5 dB IF1 and IF2 output gain match 2 dB IP3

input referred at minimum conversion gain +3 dBm IP22T input referred at minimum conversion gain +17 dBm LO phase noise at 10kHz -75 dBc/Hz

Fig. 2 Block diagram

TANKB

TANK

16 15

LO OUTPUT LO OUTPUTB

IF OUTPUT1

IF OUTPUT1B

IF OUTPUT2

IF OUTPUT2B

AGC CONTROL

IF-OP-SEL

3 4

RF INPUTB

RF INPUT

5,6,17

1,2,9,11,14

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SL2015

The SL2015 is a downconverter mixer oscillator with an output AGC amplifier, when used with appropriate external varactor tuned oscillator sustaining network performs the first IF tuning function for a full band satellite receiver system. A block diagram is contained in Fig. 2.

In application the RF input of the device is interfaced through appropriate impedance matching to the first IF signal, which is downlinked from the outdoor unit at typically 950-2150MHz. The RF input preamplifier of the device is designed for low noise figure and for low distortion so eliminating the requirement for RF AGC. The preamplifier also provides gain to the mixer section and back isolation from the local oscillator section.

The output of the preamplifier is fed to the mixer section where the RF signal is mixed with the local oscillator frequency, which is generated by an on-board oscillator. The oscillator block uses an external tunable sustaining network and is optimised for low phase noise. This section also contains a buffer drive whose outputs can be used to frequency lock the LO carrier to the required channel.

Signals from the mixer are fed to the AGC IF amplifier, which gives an overall conversion gain programmable from

-10 to +30dB. The output of this stage can be switched to one of two outputs to facilitate IF processing.

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Fig. 3 RF input matching network

Fig. 4 VCO application circuit

6.2nH TO DEVICE

0.7pF

6mm STRIPLINE

Fig. 5 LO phase noise variation with frequency (typical)

2 x 1T379

10kΩ

Vcnt

0.75p

TANK

TANKB

0.75p

6mm STRIPLINE

SL2015 phase noise

-78.00

-76.00

-74.00

-72.00

-70.00

-68.00

-66.00

-64.00

-62.00 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800

LO frequency MHz

Phase noise dBc/Hz @10kHz

LO frequency MHz

Lo frequency MHz

SL2015 phase noise

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SL2015

Fig. 6 IP3 variation with gain setting (minimum)

-20 -10 10 20

30 40

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

IP3 (dBm)

Conversion gain (dB)

Applies for a constant IF output level of -14dBm

-20 -10 10 20

30 40

-5

-10

-15

-20

+15

+10

IP2 (dBm)

Fig. 7 IP2 variation with gain setting (minimum)

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SL2015

Fig. 8 P1dB with gain setting (typical)

-10

-20

-30

+10

+30

+20

-10

RF input level at P1dB (dBm)

Gain setting (dB)

AGC voltage (V)

Conversion gain (dB)

-20

-15

-10

-5

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8 2

2.2 2.4 2.6

2.8 3

3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8

Fig.9 Gain variation with AGC voltage (typical)

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SL2015

RF inputs IF output select input

Local oscillator inputs

IF outputs

LO buffer drive

AGC input

LO OUTPUT

LO OUTPUTB

Fig. 10 Input/output interface circuits

REF4

AGC

12K

CONTROL

REF 1

300 300

RF INPUTS

REF 3

IF-OP-SEL

OUTPUT

OUTPUTB

REF 2

1K 1K

TANK

TANKB

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SL2015

SL2015 Evaluation Board

This board has been created to show the operation of the SL2015 mixer/oscillator together with the SP5659 low phase noise synthesiser. Schematics for the board are shown in Figs. 11a and 11b.

In a real system, the IF output would be fed to a SAW filter then onto either an FM demodulator such as the SL1466, or an IQ downconverter such as the SL1710 or SL1711. Control of the AGC would be via a loop, which should be set up to ensure that the SL1466, SL1710 or other IF chip receives the correct level for optimum performance.

For full evaluation, 30V and 5V supplies are necessary, together with I2C data, RF signal sources and test equipment.

Supplies

The board must be provided with the following supplies: a) 5V for the SL2015 and SP5659 and 30V for the varactor

line.

The supply connector is a 3 pin 0.1" pitch pin header. The centre pin of the connector is GND.

I2C Bus connections

b) The board is provided with an RJ11 I2C bus connector which feeds directly to the SP5659 synthesiser.

This connects to a standard 6-way connector cable which is supplied with the I

C/3-wire bus interface box.

Input and Output connections

The board is provided with the following connectors: a) RF I/P SMA connector (SMA1) which is AC coupled to the

RF input of the SL2015. b) IF OUT 1 (SMA2) and IF OUT 2 (SMA5). These outputs

may be selected by switching port P0 on the SP5659.

The standard IF output frequencies used are typically

402.75MHz or 479.5MHz. Either IF output may be connected directly to 50Ω test equipment such as a spectrum analyser.

Details of programming the SL2015 are included below.

Programming of SP5659 Synthesiser

The SP5659 synthesiser is used to set the frequency of the SL2015 VCO. Since high sided mixing is normally employed in satellite tuners, the VCO should be set to the IF above the wanted input channel.

Example: To mix a wanted channel at 1020.5MHz down

to 479.5MHz.

The synthesiser must be programmed to 1020.5MHz +

479.5MHz = 1500MHz.

Send I2C data C2 0B B8 93 40 to the SP5659. See Table 1 for example I

C codes.

C2 is the address byte (byte 1). 0B B8 is the programmable divider information (bytes 2 and 3). (i.e. 1500MHz / 500kHz = 3000 = 0BB8Hex) 93 is the programmable and reference divider information

(byte 4). This will enable the prescaler and program the reference divider to a divide by 16 mode giving a 250kHz phase comparator frequency with a 500kHz step size when a 4MHz crystal is used.

40 is charge pump and port control data (byte 5). The code 40 will set the charge pump current to 260uA. All

ports will be switched off.

If it is required to use the SP5659 (for VCO < 2GHz) with the prescaler disabled it is recommended that data is initially sent to enable the prescaler. This will avoid a potential 'lock out' situation arising when the LO frequency is greater than 2GHz.

Links and Switches

The board is provided with the following: AGC SELECT switch

This switches between programmable control of the SL2015 AGC, via port P1 of the SP5659, or direct control via the pin TP1, EXTERNAL AGC VOLTAGE.

In normal application , the AGC will be controlled via a loop, such that the IF chip which follows is fed with the desired input level.

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SL2015

Required SL2015 VCO Byte 1 Byte2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5

Frequency (MHz) Address Prog Divider Prog Divider Prog Divider Charge Pump

8 MSB's 8 LSB's /Reference and Port

Divider Control

1500 C2 0B B8 93 40 1600 C2 0C 80 93 40 1700 C2 0D 48 93 40 1800 C2 0E 10 93 40 1900 C2 0E D8 93 40 2000 C2 0F A0 93 40 2100 C2 10 68 93 40 2200 C2 11 30 93 40 2300 C2 11 F8 93 40 2400 C2 12 C0 93 40

Bottom of Band C2 XX XX 93 11

Top of Band C2 XX XX 93 10

Codes above are for Fcomp = 250kHz, prescaler enabled, giving Fstep = 500kHz. X = Don't care

Table 1. Example I2C Hex codes for SP5659 synthesiser

Switching of SL2015 IF outputs

Port P0 is used to select the IF ouputs. When Port P0 is OFF, IF output 1 is selected. When Port P0 is ON, IF output 2 is selected.

Switching of SL2015 AGC

Port P1 is used to program the AGC gain. When Port P1 is OFF, AGC is set to 4V (minimum gain). When Port P1 is ON, the AGC is set to 1V (maximum gain).

SL2015 Operation

The SL2015 is a downconverter mixer oscillator with an AGC amplifier, which when used with appropriate external varactor tuned oscillator sustaining network performs the first IF tuning function for a full band satellite receiver system.

In application the RF input of the device is interfaced through appropriate impedance matching to the first IF signal, which is down linked from the outdoor unit at typically 9502150MHz. The RF input preamplifier of the device is designed for low noise figure and for low distortion so eliminating the requirement for RF AGC. The preamplifier also provides gain to the mixer section and back isolation from the local oscillator section.

The output of the preamplifier is fed to the mixer section where the RF signal is mixed with the local oscillator frequency, which is generated by an on board oscillator. The on board oscillator uses an external tuneable sustaining network and is optimised for low phase noise. This section also contains a buffer drive whose outputs can be used to frequency lock the LO carrier to the required channel.

Signals from the mixer are then fed to the AGC IF amplifier, which gives an overall conversion gain programmable from

-10 to +30 dB. The output of this stage can be switched to one of two outputs to facilitate IF processing.

The SL2015 will mix an RF input signal from 950MHz 2150MHz with its own local oscillator, and produce an IF signal typically at 402.75MHz or 479.5MHz.

The device has a number of features, which may be either programmable via a synthesiser and operated as part of a dynamic AGC loop, or hardwired into a fixed mode.

There are a variety of parameters which can be measured using this evaluation board.

Use with external oscillator.

For applications that require extremely good phase noise, typically >-75dBc @ 10kHz across the band, it is recommended that the SL2017 together with an external local oscillator is used.

The SL2017 is functionally equivalent to the SL2015, however the tank inputs have been modified to act as a buffer to an external VCO. Further details of this application are shown in the SL2017 Datasheet.

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SL2015

Measurement of Phase Noise.

This is best measured by looking at the IF output of the

SL2015. The IF should be fed to a spectrum analyser, where it can be interpreted.

There are two common methods of doing this:

a) using phase noise analysis software (such a HP85671A

phase noise program)

b) direct measurement of the noise floor at the chosen offset

frequency, and conversion to a dBc/Hz figure. Since method a) will depend on the software used, a

description of method b) will be given only.

To measure phase noise at 10kHz offset:

a) tune the centre frequency of the spectrum analyer to the

IF - e.g. 479.5MHz

b) Set the span initially wide (10MHz or greater). Gradually reduce this until it is set to 50kHz or less, taking care to ensure that the centre frequency of the display matches the IF peak.

c) perform a peak search d) set marker delta to 10kHz e) set video averaging ON to ensure that a representative

measurement of the noise floor at the chosen offset frequency is made.

f) record the level of noise at the 10kHz offset compared to the peak IF level (in dBc).

Measurement of Conversion Gain (from a 50Ω source)

a) Connect an RF signal generator to the RF input to the SL2015.

b) Connect an IF output to a spectrum analyser. c) Feed the SL2015 with the appropriate signal level,

depending on AGC setting, required output, etc. d) Note the relative difference in the input and IF level in dB.

This is the conversion gain of the device.

For increased accuracy, the input signal level should also be checked with a spectrum analyser, since any level measurement errors that exist within the analyser will then be relative, rather than literal.

The AGC voltage may be varied and conversion gain measured at different AGC voltages.

Care must be taken to ensure that the LO is stable, since any instability will reduce the averaged peak LO value, thus giving a falsely low phase noise reading.

g) convert the measured reading to a 1Hz bandwidth. e.g. A measured phase noise of -50dBc/1kHz bandwidth

(RBW of 1kHz) corresponds to -80dBc/Hz.

Since noise floor must be reduced by the ratio of the two

bandwidths i.e. 10 log 1kHz/1Hz = 30dB.

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SL2015

e) The difference in level in dB between the fundamentals and the 3rd order products is the IM3 of the device.

f) IP3 may be calculated from the above reading as follows: IP3 = RF input level + IM3/2. This level is usually referred to the input. e.g. Assuming a measured IM3 of 44dB, and with an input level of

-19dBm, IP3 = 44/2 + -19dBm = +3dBm In a 50Ω system, this may be converted to dBuV by adding 107

to the value calculated since 0dBm = 107dBµV.

i.e. +3dBm = 110dBuV.

This is known as the input referred IP3 of the device.

If you experience any difficulties with this board, or require further help, please contact Robert Marsh on 01793 518234 or Fred Herman on 01793 518423. The fax number is 01793

518411.

The in-band ones are listed below:

fd = flo - (2 x f1 - f2) fc = flo - (2 x f2 - f1)

fd = 1430MHz - (2 x 950MHz - 951MHz) = 481MHz fc = 1430MHz - (2 x 951MHz - 950MHz) = 478MHz

fa fb

fundamentals

3rd order product

Measurement of IM3 and IP3

a) Input two signal tones from RF generators. The level of these should be adjusted so that the device sees an input signal level of -19dBm from each tone.

Program the local oscillator so that both tones are mixed down to the IF (approx).

b) Adjust the AGC so that the device gives an overall conversion gain of +5dB.

c) Connect a spectrum analyser to the selected IF output of the device.

d) Measure the relative levels of the down converter signals and the 3rd order products (see diag overleaf).

Two input signals are used: f1 = 950MHz

f2 = 951MHz The local oscillator flo is tuned to 1430MHz. This gives the following at the IF output:

fa = 1430MHz - 950MHz = 480MHz

fb = 1430MHz - 951MHz = 479MHz

Mixing products are also produced in the front end. These are then downconverted by the mixer.

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SL2015

ADC

VCC

VEE

RF Input

Xtal

Charge Pump

Drive Output

SDA

SCL

Ref/Comp

Address

I2C Bus

Interface

Programmable

Divider

Phase

Comp

IC2

SP5659

C32

68pF

13K

BCW31

22K

123

POWER CONNECTOR

16K

R10

47K

C39

2n2F

C41

4u7F

C36

100pF

C33

100nF

+5V

+30V

C34

100nF

Varactor line

RF B

R16

10K

IF OP SEL

R13

220R

R15

R14

AGC

C31

15nF

SDA5

5V0

GND

SCL5

I2C BUS

C38

100pF

C37

100pF

C30

18pF

4MHz

GND

Fig. 11a Evaluation board schematic PLL section

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SL2015

Fig. 11b Evaluation board schematic SL2015 Section

Vee1Vee RF

Vcc RF

Vee IF

Vcc IF

Vcc LO

Vee LO

Vee

RF IP B

RF IP

TANK

TANKB

IF OUT2B

IF OUT2

LO OP2

LO OP

IF OUT1

IF OUT1B

AGC

NOTE: DIFFERENTIAL SIGNALS ARE SHOWN AS THICK LINES

IF OP SEL

OSC

IC1

SL2015

1nF

100pFC5100pF

100pF

1nF

SMA5

IF OUT 2B

SMA2

IF OUT 1

IF OP SEL

C10

1nF

SMA1

RF INPUT

RF B

C11

1nF

STRIP 6MM

IT379BB835

VARACTOR LINE

STRIP 6MM

AGC SEL

C13

1nF

C14

1nF

50R

C12

0p75F

EXTERNAL AGC

VOLTAGE

TPI

AGC

IT379

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SL2015

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage unless otherwise stated. T

AMB

= -20°C to + 80°C, VCC= + 4.75V to 5·25V.

IF = 403.25MHz or 479.5MHz; IF bandwidth up to 54MHz maximum. RF input frequency = 950MHz - 2150MHz.

Characteristic

Value

Min

Typ Max

Units

Conditions

Supply Current, I

5,6,17 80 115 mA

RF input Noise figure at 3,4 16 dB @ T

amb

= 27°C maximum gain Variation of Noise Figure with 1 dB/dB AGC setting Conversion gain AGC bandwidth 100kHz

minimum AGC gain -15 -5 dB AGC = 4.0V maximum AGC gain 25 33 dB AGC = 1.0V

AGC = self bias (2.4V) Gain inband ripple -0.25 +0.25 dB Channel bandwidth 27MHz Gain variation across RF input -2 +2 dB range Gain imbalance between IF 12,13 -2 +2 dB outputs 18,19 RF input impedance, single 3,4 50 Ω @ T

amb

= 27°C ended RF input return loss 3,4 8 12 dB Input unmatched @ T

amb

= 27°C RF input IP2 3,4 12 14 dBm See note 2 RF input IP3 3,4 -1 1 dBm See note 2 RF input IP3 variation with gain See Fig. 6 Input referred 1dB gain See Fig. 8 compression Two tone IM2 distortions with -31 -33 dBc See note 2 Two tone IM3 distortions -36 -40 dBc See note 2 LO tuning range 7,8 1250 2700 MHz Maximum range of 1.4GHz within

band, application circuit as in Fig. 4.

LO phase noise 7,8 -75 dBc/Hz SSB at 10kHz offset, application

circuit as in Fig. 4. ƒ

=2.63GHz

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SL2015

LO leakage to RF input 3,4,7,8 -30 dBm LO leakage to IF outputs 7,8,12 -10 dBm Maximum conversion gain LO output drive 15,16 92 dBµV Differential into 100Ω,

NB, synthesiser should be driven

differentially LO output impedance 15,16 100 Ω Differential LO output return loss 15,16 8 dB AGC gain control slope variation 20 Monotonic from V

to V

CC.

See Fig. 9 AGC control input current 20 -250 250 µA Output select low voltage 10 0.7 V O/P 2 enabled, O/P 1 disabled Output select high voltage 10 V

-0.7 V O/P 1 enabled, O/P 2 disabled Output select low current 10 -50 µA Output select high current 10 200 µA IF output 1 & 2 12,13, Output in enabled and disabled state

18,19 Output impedance 50 Ω Single ended Return loss 12 dB IF output 1 to 2 isolation 12,13 30 dB

18,19

Characteristic

Value

Min

Typ Max

Units

ConditionsPin

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage unless otherwise stated. T

AMB

= -20°C to + 80°C, VCC= + 4.75V to 5·25V.

IF = 403.25MHz or 479.5MHz; IF bandwidth up to 54MHz maximum. RF input frequency = 950MHz -2150MHz.

Notes:

1. All dBm units refer to a 50Ω system

2. Applies for any two carriers within band at -19dBm, and with AGC set for +5dB conversion gain.

Page 15

SL2015

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

All voltages are referred to VEE = 0V (pins 1,2,9,11,14)

Supply voltages V

5,6,17 -0.3 7 V Transient RF input voltage 3,4 2.5 Vp-p RF input DC offset 3,4 -0.3 V

+0.3 V Tank inputs DC offset 7,8 -0.3 VCC+0.3 V LO output drive DC offset 15, 16 -0,3 VCC+0.3 V IF-OP-SEL input DC offset 10 -0.3 V

+0.3 IF outputs 1 and 2 DC offset 12, 13 -0.3 VCC+0.3 V

18, 19

AGC Control input DC offset 20 -0.3 V

+0.3 V Storage temperature -55 +150 °C Junction temperature +150 °C QP20 thermal resistance 100 °C/W Power consumption at V

=5.25V 580 mW

ESD protection ALL 1.75 kV Mil std 883 latest revision

method 3015 class 1.

Parameter

Value

Min

Max

Units

Conditions

Page 16

Page 17

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