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SA9102F/SA9102H
FEATURES
n Performs bidirectional power and
energy measurement
n Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification
requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour
meters
n Protected against ESD
n Power consumption rating typically
25mW
n Adaptable to different types of current
sensors
n Operates over a wide temperature
range
n Precision voltage reference on-chip
n Two output signal formats available
SINGLE PHASE BIDIRECTIONAL POWER/ENERGY
METERING IC WITH INST ANTANEOUS PULSE OUTPUT
4352 PDS039-SA9102F-001 REV. B 08-01-97
DESCRIPTION
The SAMES SA9102F and SA9102H Single
Phase bidirectional Power/Energy metering
integrated circuits generate pulse rate
outputs for positive and negative energy
directions, the frequency of which is
proportional to the power consumption.
These devices perform the calculation for
active power.
The method of calculation takes the power
factor into account.
Energy consumption is determined by the
power measurement being integrated over
time.
These innovative universal power/energy
metering integrated circuits are ideally suited
for energy calculations in applications such
as electricity dispensing systems (ED's),
residential municipal metering and factory
energy metering and control.
The SA9102F and SA9102H integrated
circuits are available in both 20 pin dual-inline plastic (DIP-20), as well as 20 pin small
outline (SOIC-20) package types.
PIN CONNECTIONS
Package: DIP-20
SOIC-20
DR-00906
OSC2
8
9
10
TP9
DD
V
2
IIP
4
6
7
5
3
CPIP
CPIN
CPOP
CPON
VREF
1
IIN
11
12
13
FOUT
DIR
OSC1
19
14
15
16
17
18
20
IVP
CON
COP
CIP
SS
CIN
V
GND
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit
Supply Voltage VDD -V
SS
-0.3 6.0 V
Current on any pin I
PIN
-150 +150 mA
Storage Temperature T
STG
-40 +125 °C
Operating Temperature T
O
-40 +85 °C
* Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent
damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device
at these or any other condition above those indicated in the operational sections of this
specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended
periods may affect device reliability.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
POWER
INTEGRATOR
OSC
VOLTAGE
REF.
ANALOG
SIGNAL
PROCE-
SSING
IVP
GND
DR-00907
VREF OSC1
IIP
IIN
OSC2
TIMING
V
POWER
TO
FREQUENCY
DD
V
FOUT
DIR
SS
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = 2.5V, VSS = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10°C to +70°C#, unless otherwise
specified.)
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Condition
Supply Voltage: Positive V
DD
2.25 2.75 V
Supply Voltage: Negative V
SS
-2.75 -2.25 V
Supply Current: Positive I
DD
56mA
Supply Current: Negative I
SS
56mA
Current Sensor Inputs (Differential)
Input Current Range I
II
-25 +25 µA Peak value
Voltage Sensor Input (Asymmetrical)
Input Current Range I
IV
-25 +25 µA Peak value
Pins FOUT, DIR
Output Low Voltage V
OL
VSS+1 V IOL = 5mA
Output High Voltage V
OH
VDD-1 V IOH = -2mA
Pulse Rate FOUT f
P
0 64 Hz Specified linearity
0 180 Hz Min and max limits
Oscillator Recommended crystal:
TV colour burst crystal f = 3.5795 MHz
Pin VREF With R = 24kΩ
Ref. Current -I
R
45 50 55 µA connected to V
SS
Ref. Voltage V
R
1.1 1.3 V Referred to V
SS
#
Extended Operating Temperature Range available on request.
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PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin Designation Description
20 GND Ground
8 V
DD
Positive Supply Voltage
14 V
SS
Negative Supply Voltage
19 IVP Analog input for Voltage
1 IIN Inputs for current sensor
2 IIP
11 OSC1 Connections for crystal or ceramic resonator
10 OSC2 (OSC1 = Input ; OSC2 = Output)
12 FOUT Pulse rate output
13 DIR Direction indication output
4 CPON Connections for outer loop capacitor of
5 CPOP A/D converter (Voltage)
6 CPIN Connections for inner loop capacitor of
7 CPIP A/D converter (Voltage)
15 CIP Connections for inner loop capacitor of
16 CIN A/D converter (Current)
17 COP Connections for outer loop capacitor of
18 CON A/D converter (Current)
3 VREF Connection for current setting resistor
9 TP9 Test Pin. Connect to V
SS
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The SA9102F/SA9102H are CMOS mixed signal Analog/Digital integrated circuits, which
perform bidirectional power/energy calculations across a power range of 1000:1, to an
overall accurancy of better than Class 1.
These integrated circuits includes all the required functions such as two oversampling
A/D converters for the voltage and current sense inputs, power calculation and energy
integration. Internal offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation procedures.
These devices generate pulses, the frequency of which is proportional to the power
consumption. The pulse rate follows the instataneous power measured. Direction
information is also provided.
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1. Power calculation
In the Application Circuit (Figure 1), the voltage drop across the shunt will be
between 0 and 16mV (0 to 80A through a shunt resistor of 200µΩ). This voltage is
converted to a current of between 0 and 16µA, by means of resistors R1 and R2.
The current sense input saturates at an input current of ±25µA peak.
For the voltage sensor input, the mains voltage (230VAC) is divided down through
a divider to 14V. The current into the A/D converter input is set at 14µA at nominal
mains voltage, via resistor R4 (1MΩ).
In this configuration, with a mains voltage of 230V and a current of 80A, the output
frequency of the SA9102F and SA9102H power meter chips at FOUT (Pin 12) is
64Hz. In this case 1 pulse will correspond to an energy consumption of 18.4kW/
64Hz = 287.5Ws.
2. Analog Input configuration
The input circuitry of the current and voltage sensor inputs are illustrated below.
These inputs are protected against electrostatic discharge through clamping
diodes.
The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers AI and AV generate virtual
shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications of the input currents are generated
for the analog signal processing circuitry.
VOLTAGE
SENSOR
INPUT
DR-00908
IVP
SS
V
CURRENT
SENSOR
INPUTS
IIP
IIN
DD
SS
V
V
SS
V
DDV
DD
V
GND
A
V
A
I
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3. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection
The SA9102F/SA9102H integrated circuits inputs/outputs are protected against
ESD.
4. Power Consumption
The power consumption rating of the SA9102F and SA9102H integrated circuits is
less than 30mW.
5. Pulse Output Signals
The calcualted power is divided down to a pulse rate of 64Hz, for rated conditions
on FOUT (Pin 12), for both the SA9102F and SA9102H.
The format of the pulse output signal, which provides power/energy and direction
information, is the only difference between the SA9102F and SA9102H devices.
The direction of the energy flow is defined by the mark/space ratio in the SA9102F,
while the pulse width defines the direction on the SA9102H.
An integrated anticreep function ensures no metering at zero line currents.
DR-00909
mm
Positive Energy Flow
SA9102H
SA9102F
pp = 1.1ms
pp
t
t
mm
pp
t
mm
t
mm
pn = 3.4ms
Negative Energy Flow
pn
t
t
pn
Waveform on FOUT (Pin 12)
Waveform on DIR (Pin 13)
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The formula for calculating the output frequency (f) is given below:
f = 11.16
*
FOUTX
*
FOSC * II .I
V
3.58MHz I
R
2
Where FOUTX = Nominal rated frequency (64Hz)
FOSC = Oscillator frequency (2MHz ...... 4MHz)
I
I
= Input currents for current inputs (16µA at rated)
I
V
= Input currents for voltage inputs (14µA at rated)
I
R
= Reference current (typically 50µA)
XTAL is a colour burst TV crystal (f = 3.5795MHz) for the oscillator. The oscillator
frequency is divided down to 1.7897MHz on-chip, to supply the digital circuitry and the
A/d converters.
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
In the Application Circuits (Figures 1 and 2), the components required for power metering
applications are shown.
In Figure 1 a shunt resistor is used for current sensing. In this application, the circuitry
requires a +2.5V, 0V, -2.5V DC supply.
In the case of Figure 2, when using a current transformer for current sensing, a +5V, 0V
DC supply is sufficient.
The most important external components for the SA9102F and SA9102H integrated
circuits are:
C1 and C2 are the outer loop capacitors for the two integrated oversampling A/D
converters. The value of these capacitors is 560pF.
The actual values determine signal to noise and stability performance. The tolerances
should be within ±10%.
C3 and C4 are the inner loop capacitors of the A/D converters. The optimum value is
3.3nF. The actual values are uncritical. Values smaller than 0.5nF and larger than 5nF
should be avoided.
R2, R1 and RSH are the resistors defining the current level into the current sense input.
The values should be selected for an input current of 16µA into the SA9102F/SA9102H
at maximum line current.
Values for RSH of less than 200µΩ should be avoided.
R1 = R2 = (IL/16µA) * RSH/2
Where I
L
= Line current
RSH = Shunt resistor/termination resistor
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R3, R6 and R4 set the current for the voltage sense input. The values should be selected
so that the input current into the voltage sense input (virtual ground) is set to 14µA.
R7 defines all on-chip bias and reference currents. With R7 = 24kΩ, optimum conditions
are set. R7 may be varied within ±10% for calibration purposes. Any change to R7 will
affect the output quadratically (i.e.: R7 = +5%, fP = +10%).
Figure 1: Application Circuit using a Shunt Resistor for Current Sensing.
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Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 1
Item Symbol Description Detail
1 IC-1 SA9102F/SA9102H DIP-20/SOIC-20
2 D 1 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148
3 D 2 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148
4 ZD1 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW
5 ZD2 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW
6 XTAL Crystal, 3.5795MHz Colour burst TV
7 R1 Resistor, 1% metal Note 1
8 R2 Resistor, 1% metal Note 1
9 R3 Resistor, 390k, (230VAC) 1%, metal
10 R4 Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal
11 R5 Resistor, 470Ω, 2W, 1%, carbon
12 R6 Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal
13 R7 Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal
14 R9 Resistor, 680 Ω, 1/4W, 1%
15 R10 Resistor, 680Ω, 1/4W, 1%
16 C1 Capacitor, 560pF
17 C2 Capacitor, 560pF
18 C3 Capacitor, 3.3nF
19 C4 Capacitor, 3.3nF
20 C9 Capacitor, 100nF
21 C10 Capacitor, 100nF
22 C11 Capacitor, 0.47µF, 250VAC, polyester
23 C13 Capacitor, 100µF
24 C14 Capacitor, 100µF
25 C15 Capacitor, 820nF Note 2
26 RSH Shunt Resistor Note 3
Note 1: Resistor (R1 and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of RSH.
Note 2: Capacitor (C15) to be positioned as close to Supply Pins (VDD & VSS) of IC-1 as
possible.
Note 3: See TYPICAL APPLICATIONS when selecting the value of RSH.
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Figure 2: Application Circuit using a Current Transformer for Current Sensing.
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Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 2
Item Symbol Description Detail
1 IC-1 SA9102F/SA9102H DIP-20/SOIC-20
2 XTAL Crystal, 3.5795MHz Colour burst TV
3 RSH Resistor Note 1
4 R1 Resistor, 1%, metal Note 2
5 R2 Resistor, 1%, metal Note 2
6 R3 Resistor, 390k, (230VAC), 1%, metal
7 R4 Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal
8 R6 Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, metal
9 R7 Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal
10 R8 Resistor, 2.2k, 1/4W, 1%, metal
11 R9 Resistor, 2.2k, 1/4W, 1%, metal
12 C1 Capacitor, 560pF
13 C2 Capacitor, 560pF
14 C3 Capacitor, 3.3nF
15 C4 Capacitor, 3.3nF
16 C9 Capacitor, 820nF Note 3
17 C10 Capacitor, 100nF
18 C11 Capacitor Note 4
19 CT Current Transformer
Note 1: See TYPICAL APPLICATIONS when selecting the value of RSH.
Note 2: Resistor (R1and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of
RSH.
Note 3: Capacitor (C9) to be positioned as close to Supply Pins (VDD & VSS) of IC-1,
as possible.
Note 4: Capacitor (C11) selected for DC blocking and to minimize phase error
introduced by current transformer (typically 1.5µF).
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ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number Package
SA9102FPA DIP-20
SA9102FSA SOIC-20
SA9102HPA DIP-20
SA9102HSA SOIC-20
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NOTES:
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Any Sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below:
[email protected]
For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit out web site:
http://www.sames.co.za
South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd
P O Box 15888, 33 Eland Street,
Lynn East, 0039 Koedoespoort Industrial Area,
Republic of South Africa, Pretoria,
Republic of South Africa
Tel: 012 333-6021 Tel: Int +27 12 333-6021
Fax: 012 333-8071 Fax: Int +27 12 333-8071
Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African MicroElectronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part,
without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of
publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the
information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform
any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves
the right to make changes in such information, without notification,even if such changes would render information
contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed
by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer.
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