Datasheet PM9603APA, PM9603APE, PM9604APA, PM9604APE, PM9605APA Datasheet (SAMES)

SA9603B APPLICATION NOTE

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PM9603AP

SINGLE PHASE POWER/ENERGY METERING MODULE

SPI INTERFACE

FEATURES

n Performs both power and energy

measurement

n Meets the accuracy requirements for

Class 1 AC Watt hour meters

n Protected against ESD
n Total power consumption rating below

500mW (excluding current sensing)

DESCRIPTION

The SAMES single phase power/energy metering module, the PM9603AP, provides
energy data via a isolated SPI interface.

Energy consumption is determined by the power measurement being integrated over
time.

The method of calculation takes the power factor into account.
The output of this innovative universal power/energy meter is ideally suited for energy

calculations in applications using a micro-controller.
The application utilises the SAMES SA9603B power metering integrated circuit for power

measurement.
As a safety measure, this application shows the current sensor connected to the neutral

line. In practice, the live line may be used for current sensing, provided that the supply
connections (MAINS) are reversed on the module.

n Uses a shunt resistor for current sensing
n Operates over a wide temperature

range

n Isolated SPI interface.

7131 PDS038-SA9603B-001 REV.A 5-09-97

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PM9603AP

BLOCK DIAGRAM

NEUTRAL

NEUTRAL

NEUTRAL

LIVE

IN

OUT

IN

SHUNT

POWER
SUPPLY

VOLTAGE SENSE

SA9603B
POWER

METER
WITH
SPI BUS

DR-01349

OPTO­COUPLER

OPTO­COUPLER

D-sub CONNECTOR

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*

Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit

Supply Voltage (Note 1) V
Current Sense Input (Note 1) V
Storage Temperature T

Operating Temperature T
Max Current I
through Sensor I

STG

MAX

MAX

AC

IV

-2.5 +2.5 V

-25 +125 °C

O

-10 +70 (Note 2) °C

300 V

800 (Note 3) A

2000 (Note 4) A

Note 1: Voltages are specified with reference to Live.
Note 2: The SA9603B integrated circuit is specified to operate over the temperature

range -10°C to +70°C. The module functionality will however depend upon the

external components used.
Note 3: t = 500ms
Note 4: t = 1ms

*Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent

damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device
at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this
specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended
periods may affect device reliability.

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PM9603AP

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(Over the temperature range -10°C to +70°C, unless otherwise specified. Power
consumption figures are applicable to the PM9603APE only.)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Condit ion

Supply Voltage V

AC

180 230 265 V PM9603APE

(Continuous) 90 115 135 V PM9603APA
Power Measurement P

RNG

-18400 18400 W Specified

range accuracy
Power Consumption

1

800 mW VAC = 230V

Supply direct
from mains

Isolation Voltage

2

V

IS

2500 V Continuous

Opto-coupler Output
Current I

O

10 mA VOL = 1V

Opto-coupler Input
Current I

I

10 mA

Note 1: Power consumption specifications exclude power consumed by the current

sensor.

Note 2: Isolation voltage may be specified, depending on customer requirements.

CONNECTION DESCRIPTION

Designation Description

MAINS

Voltage supply connection to Neutral line
Voltage supply connection to Live line

NEUTRAL IN Connection to positive side of current sensor
NEUTRAL OUT Connection to negative side of current sensor
SK1 P1 Supply (+ve) to opto-couplers

25-Way female P2 Input SA9603B - SCK

(D-type) P8 Input SA9603B - DI

P9 Input SA9603B - CS
P12 Output SA9603B - DO
P18, 20-25 Common emitters and cathodes opto-couplers

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PM9603AP

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

1. Power Calculation

In the Application Circuit (see Figure 2), the output current from the current sensor
will be between 0 and 16µA

(0 to 80A through a shunt resistor of 625µΩ). The

RMS

current input stage of the module, saturates at input currents greater than 18µA
The mains voltage (Voltage + 15% - 20%) is used to supply the circuitry with power.
A SA9603B utilize current information from the current sensor (shunt resistor),
together with the mains voltage to perform the power calculation.

The SA9603B integrated circuits may be adjusted to accommodate any voltage or
current values. The method for calculating external component values is described
in paragraph 6 (Circuit Description).

SAMES offers two evaluation module options, namely 230V/80A and 115V/80A.
The on chip registers are accessed via the isolated SPI bus.

2. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection

The device's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD according to the Mil-Std
883C, method 3015. The modules resistance to transients will be dependant upon
the protection components used.

3. Power Consumption

The overall power consumption rating for this power metering application (Figure 2),
is under 500mW, excluding the current sensor, when the supply is taken directly from
the mains.

RMS

.

4. Isolation

The reference of the module is connected to neutral.

5. Isolated Input/Output Interface

The isolated interface is provided to allow the user to access the registers of the
SA9603B.

A 25-Way D type connector (female) is provided on the PM9603AP module. The
connector SK1 connects via a one to one connected cable to a Personal Computer
parallel port.

6. Circuit Description

In the Application Circuits, (Figures 1), the components required for power metering
applications are shown.

In Figure 1, a shunt resistor is used for current sensing. In this application, the
circuitry requires a +2.5V, 0V, -2.5V DC supply.

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PM9603AP

The current sense input requires a differential approach to cater for precision across
the dynamic range. It is therefore important that the PC board layout of the branches
to the sensing element, are as symmetrical as possible and the loop area is kept to
a minimum.

The most important external components for the SA9603B integrated circuit are:
R2, R1 and RSH are the resistors defining the current level into the current sense input.
The values should be selected for an input current of 16µA

into the SA9603B at

RMS

rated line current.
Values for RSH of less than 200µΩ should be avoided.

R1 = R2 = (IL/16µA
Where I

L

) * RSH/2

RMS

= Line current

RSH = Shunt resistor/termination resistor
R3, R6 and R4 set the current for the voltage sense input. The values should be
selected so that the input current into the voltage sense input (virtual ground) is set
to 14µA

RMS

.

R7 defines all on-chip bias and reference currents. With R7 = 24kΩ, optimum
conditions are set.

XTAL is a colour burst TV crystal (f = 3.5795MHz) for the oscillator. The oscillator
frequency is divided down to 1.7897MHz on-chip and supplies the A/D converters
and the digital circuitry.

7. Demonstration Software

Software which runs under Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 is provided with each
evaluation module. See README.TXT on the diskette supplied for the installation
instructions.

8. Sample C source code

The following software demonstrates how to synchronize the reading of the registers
to the SA9603B's internal offset cancellation scheme. The software is also available
on the SAMES Internet web pages.

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PM9603AP

Figure 1: Connection Diagram

L

N

OU T

OU T

14
1

PARALLE L P OR T

R16

R14

R4

25
132513

R17

R18

R15

P M 960 3A P

S AME S

LK1

R13
R11

LK2

R12

C12

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OP TIONA L

R1A

R3B

SHUNT

R3A

L

N

IN

IN

R7

R2

R1

R6

R10

C14

D2

R5

C15

C10

ZD1

ZD2

D1

C11A

XTAL

C9

R9

C13

C11B

DR -01350

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PM9603AP

APPLICATION CIRCUIT
Figure 2: Application using a Shunt Resistor for Current Sensing, having a

PC (Personal Computer) Interface.

SK1

3

15

1142

R20

680R

10

IC2D

R148680R

24k

R6

1M

R4

18

20

19

IVP

IIP

IIN GND

VREF CS

IC 4

3

1

2

1.6k

R1

R2

1.6k

16417518

9

IL Q74

7

R11

16

17

DI

TP 4

4

5

24k

R7

7

6

82192210

20

19

R16

680R

3

14

TEST VSS
7

5

IL Q74

IC2C

111213

R12

2.4k

131211

DO

DI

VDD

TP 9

8

9

680R

6

OSCI

OSCO

10

R18

4

IC2B

14

2.4k

15

TP 16

TP 2 FMO

TP 3

6

DB25

122513

23

11

24

680R

R17

2

1

IL Q74

IL Q74

IC2A

15

16

2.4k

R13

XTAL

3.5795 45MHz

S A 9 603B

1000uF

C12
+

C15

820n

Ground P l ane

dr-01351

100n

C10

100n

C9

2.4V

2.4V

ZD 1

ZD 2

180k

R3B

200k

R3A

470n/250V

C11

RSH

80A / 50mV

Load

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R9

680R

C13

+

470R/ 2WD1R5

1N414 8

680R

R10

100u

C14+100u

1N414 8

D2

S upply

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PM9603AP

Parts List For Application Circuit: Figure 2

Item Symbol Description Detail

1 IC-1 SA9603B DIP-20
2 IC-2 Opto Coupler, ILQ74 DIP-16
3 D1 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148
4 D2 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148
5 ZD1 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW
6 ZD2 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW
7 XTAL Crystal, 3.5795MHz Colour burst TV
8 R1 Resistor, 1.6kΩ, 1%, metal Note 1

9 R2 Resistor, 1.6kΩ, 1%, metal Note 1
10 R3A Resistor, 1%, metal Note 2
11 R3B Resistor, 1%, metal Note 2
12 R4 Resistor, 1M, ¼W
13 R5 Resistor, 470Ω, 2W, 5%, carbon
14 R6 Resistor, 24k, ¼W, metal
15 R7 Resistor, 24k, ¼W, metal
16 R9 Resistor, 680Ω, ¼W, 5%
17 R10 Resistor, 680Ω, ¼W, 5%
18 R11 Resistor, 2.4k, ¼W, 5%
19 R12 Resistor, 2.4k, ¼W, 5%
20 R13 Resistor, 2.4k, ¼W, 5%
21 R14 Resistor, 680R, ¼W, 5%
22 R15 Resistor, 680R, ¼W, 5%
23 R16 Resistor, 2.4k, ¼W, 5%
24 R17 Resistor, 680R, ¼W, 5%
25 R18 Resistor, 680R, ¼W, 5%
26 C9 Capacitor, 100nF
27 C10 Capacitor, 100nF
28 C11 Capacitor, polyester Note 2
29 C12 Capacitor, 1000µF, 16V
30 C13 Capacitor, 100µF, 16V
31 C14 Capacitor, 100µF, 16V
32 C15 Capacitor, 820nF, 16V
33 RSH Shunt Resistor, 80A, 50mV (625µΩ) Note 1

Note 1: Resistor (R1 and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of RSH. See

paragraph 6 (Circuit Description) when selecting the value for RSH.

Note 2: See the table below, detailing the component values for the selected voltage standard.

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Description

Item Symbol

PM9603APA PM9603APE

115V 230V

12 R3A 120kΩ 200kΩ
13 R3B 82kΩ 180kΩ
31 C11 1µF 0.47µF

ORDERING INFORMATION

Part Number Description

PM9603APA 115V, 80A Module
PM9603APE 230V, 80A Module

PM9603AP

Detail

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PM9603AP

// This program will read the registers from a SA9603B device
and
// display the content on the screen.
// The program work on a PM9603AP demonstration module.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

#define PI 3.141593
#define win_size 20

// Definitions for the parallel port
#define CLK_b 0x20 //D5 on port pin 7
#define DO_b 0x40 //D6 on port pin 8
#define DI_b 0x20 //Paper out pin 12
#define CS_b 0x80 //D7 on port pin 9
#define PCTrig 0x02 //D1 on port pin 3
//#define freq_bits 0x00FFFF
//#define inv_bits 0x0C0000

#define freq_bits 0x01FFFF // D16..D0
#define inv_bits 0x0E0000
#define bits_50hz 0x080000

// Mask definitions for the parallele port
#define CLK_m ~CLK_b //D5 on port pin 7
#define DO_m ~DO_b //D6 on port pin 8
#define DI_m ~DI_b //Paper out pin 12
#define CS_m ~CS_b //D7 on port pin 9
#define byte_mask 0x80 //1000 0000

#define CLOCKFREQ 3579545
#define LPT1 0x378
#define LPT2 0x278

// Glogal variables
unsigned char portval;

double
arr_energy[win_size],arr_volt[win_size],arr_reactive[win_size];
long delay_time;

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PM9603AP

int prt, buffindex = 0;

double convert_24bits(double value)
// This function will sort out the 24 bits of the register
values
{
if (fabs(value) > 0x7FFFFF)
{
if (value > 0)
value = (16777216-value) * (-1);
else
value = (16777216+value)* (1);
}
return(value);
}

void spi_wait(void)
// This function will wait for the specified period, very
short time
{
int ti;
for (ti = 1; ti < 1 ; ti++);
}

void spi_out(unsigned char value)
// Put value on the parallel port
{
int n;
portval = value;
outport(prt,(~portval));
// Remove the ~ if you dont use opto couplers
for(n=0 ; n< delay_time ; n++); // Specify the pulse
width
}

void spi_clock(void)
// This function will pulse CLK pin of spi port
{
spi_wait();
spi_out(portval | CLK_b); // or
spi_wait();

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PM9603AP

spi_out(portval ^ CLK_b); // xor
}

void spi_PCTrig(void)
// This function will set the PC trigger pin
{
spi_out(portval & (~PCTrig)); // and
spi_wait();
}

void spi_ClearPCTrig(void)
// This function will clear the PC trigger pin
{
spi_out(portval | PCTrig); // or
}

void spi_cs(void)
// This function will set CSs pin of spi port
{
spi_out(portval | CS_b); // or
}

void spi_reset(void)
// all bits of the port are made 0
{
spi_out(portval & CLK_m);
spi_out(portval & DO_m);
spi_out(portval & CS_m);
}

void spi_start_read(unsigned char value)
// All bits of the port are made 0
{
int counter;
unsigned char and_mask,mask;

mask = 0x80;
value = (value | 0xC0 ); // Put the header for the
adress 110—

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PM9603AP

for ( counter = 0; counter <8; counter++)
{
and_mask = (mask & value);
if (and_mask == mask)
{
spi_out(portval | DO_b); // 1
spi_clock();
}
else
{
spi_out(portval & DO_m); // 0
spi_clock();
}

value = value << 1;
}
spi_clock(); // sort out the extra clock cycle
between command & response
}

unsigned long spi_read_register(void)
// This function will read 24 bits of a register
// the register to be red would be indicated by the
// preceding spi_start_read function
{
int counter;
unsigned char and_mask,mask;
unsigned long fromport;

fromport = 0 ;
for ( counter = 0; counter < 24; counter++)
{
spi_clock();
if (((inportb(prt+1)) & DI_b) == DI_b)
fromport = fromport+ pow(2,(23-counter));
}
return(fromport);
}

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PM9603AP

/
***************************************************************************/
/*
*/
/* Main Function.
*/
/*
*/
/
***************************************************************************/

void main (int argc,char *argv[])

{ FILE *out;

char key;

int port,del_time ;
long act , react , volt , freq, old_freq,
act1, react1,volt1,prev_inv_bits;
double k, active, reactive, voltage,fm,vm;

int first = 1;

fm = 0;
act= 0;
react= 0;
volt= 0;
freq = 0;
del_time = 0;

if (argc == 3 ) {
delay_time = atol(argv[2]);
prt = atol(argv[1]);
if(prt == 1) prt = LPT1;
else prt = LPT2;

} else {
printf(“\nusage : CHIP9603 <portnum> <SPI clock delay
lime>\n”);
printf(“ <portnum> = 1 or 2 (lpt port

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PM9603AP

number)\n”);
printf(“ <SPI clock delay lime> = For loop delay\n”);
printf(“ use 1000 for a 486dx266 \n”);
exit(0);
}

clrscr();

while(key !=’q’)
{
if(bioskey(1)) {
key = bioskey(0);
}
old_freq = freq;

spi_reset();
spi_cs();
spi_start_read(3);
freq = spi_read_register();

// Get the rising edge if the inversion bits
if (((freq & bits_50hz) == bits_50hz ) //D19
is now set
&& ((old_freq & bits_50hz) != bits_50hz)) //D19
was not set previously
{
// The following is used to indicate that
//registers is read every 8th mains cycle
spi_PCTrig();
delay(1);
spi_ClearPCTrig();

//del_time is the amount of inversion cycles to
wait before
//reading the rest of the register values.
del_time ++;
}

if(del_time == 10) // 5 x 8 mains cycles time to
integrate registers
{
// spi_PCTrig();

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PM9603AP

spi_reset();
spi_cs();
spi_start_read(0);
act = spi_read_register();
react = spi_read_register();
volt = spi_read_register();

// Now calculate the incremental difference and take care of
register
// overflow as well as the sign of register values
active = convert_24bits(act - act1);
reactive = convert_24bits(react - react1);
voltage = convert_24bits(volt1 - volt);

k = (1/((double)(freq&freq_bits)*del_time)) * 80
* 230/(1.44*2);

fm = (double)((CLOCKFREQ/2)/((double)(freq &
freq_bits)));

vm = (double)voltage * ((14/17.5)*0.63)/
((double)(freq&freq_bits)*del_time) *230;

if (first == 0){
printf(“%08.2f \t”,active*k);
printf(“%08.2f \t”,(reactive*k*PI/2));
printf(“%08.2f \t”,vm);
printf(“%08.4f \t”,fm);
printf(“%5.2f \n”,(del_time*(8/fm)));
}

first = 0;
act1 = act;
react1= react;
volt1 = volt;
del_time = 0;
}
}//while
}

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Notes:

PM9603AP

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PM9603AP

Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African Micro-

Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part,
without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of
publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the
information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform
any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves
the right to make changes in such information, without notification,even if such changes would render information
contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed
by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer.

Any Sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below:
[e-mail]

For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit out web site:
http://www.sames.co.za

South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd

P O Box 15888, 33 Eland Street,
Lynn East, Koedoespoort Industrial Area,
0039 Pretoria,
Republic of South Africa, Republic of South Africa

Tel: [phone] Tel: Int [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: Int [phone]

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