14.4Repairing soldered joints
15DEFINITIONS+
16LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS
17PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS
2
C BUS INTERFACE
1996 Dec 202
Page 3
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
1FEATURES
• Scrambler or descrambler function
• Scrambling in frequency domain
• Selectable split frequency (up to 10 selections per
second)
• Telephony-band filtering included
• No increase in bandwidth
• No external components required
• Small signal delay
• Insensitive to distortion and group delay of transmission
channel
2
• Control via serial I
• Low transfer loss of speech
• Mute option
• Transparent mode
• High signal input impedance
• Low signal output impedance
• Low power consumption.
4ORDERING INFORMATION
C-bus
2APPLICATIONS
• Cordless telephones
• Security telephones
• Portable phones
• Private Mobile Radio (PMR).
3GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The PCD4440T is a silicon gate CMOS integrated circuit
intended to be used in cordless telephony, radio, and line
telecommunications products utilizing a microcontroller for
the control functions. The purpose of the device is to
prevent unauthorized ‘listening-in’ on conversations.
A major application is protection of the vulnerable radio link
between a CT0 type cordless handset and its base unit.
Analog scrambling/descrambling is based on the split
frequency method realized in a sophisticated
switched-capacitor technology. The PCD4440T is
compatible with most microcontrollers and communicates
via a two line bidirectional I
2
C-bus.
TYPE
NUMBER
PCD4440TSO8plastic small outline package; 8 leads; body width 7.5 mmSOT176-1
NAMEDESCRIPTIONVERSION
PACKAGE
1996 Dec 203
Page 4
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
5BLOCK DIAGRAM
handbook, full pagewidth
4
IN
LPF
BIAS GEN
LPFLPF
PCD4440T
LPF
128
SCLOSCI V
SDAA0
LPF
transparent
clocks
5
LPF
mute
CONTROL LOGICI2C-bus INTERFACE
76
3
DDVSS
OUT
MGG729
Fig.1 Block diagram.
1996 Dec 204
Page 5
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
6PINNING INFORMATION
6.1Pinning
handbook, halfpage
SCL
V
SS
IN
1
2
PCD4440T
3
4
MGG728
A0
8
OSCISDA
7
V
6
DD
OUT
5
Fig.2 Pin configuration.
6.2Pin description
SYMBOLPINTYPEDESCRIPTION
2
SCL1Iserial clock line (I
SDA2Iserial data line (I
V
SS
3Pnegative Supply
C-bus)
2
C-bus)
IN4Isignal input
OUT5Osignal output
V
DD
6Ppositive supply
OSCI7Ioscillator input
A08Islave address input (I
2
C-bus)
7.1Scrambling
The PCD4440Taccomplishes this task by first filtering the
incoming signal, limiting the bandwidth to 3500 Hz. Then
the signal is split into a high (> fs) and a low (< fs) frequency
band. Both frequency bands are inverted and added again
to provide a single output signal. Values for 9 split
frequencies fS can be controlled by a scramble code table
in the microcontroller. Control of these split frequencies is
accomplished via the serial two-wire I2C-bus. In addition to
the split frequencies (fs), a transparent mode and mute
instruction can be selected (see Table 1).
Figure 3 shows the signal path for both bands. The lower
band path (on the left side of the diagram) operates on
frequencies f ≤ f
(Split Frequency), the upper band path
s
(on the right side) on frequencies f ≥ fs.
The input signal contains frequencies from f1up to f2.
In scrambling mode, the output signal is band limited from
fl (300 Hz) to fh(3500 Hz). In the left path, the input signal
is first limited to fs. The following modulator inverts the
lower band. fl is folded up to fs, fs down to fl. In general, an
input frequency fin is folded to f
out=fs+fl−fin
. Finally the
folded signal is band limited to fs again.
In the right path, the input signal is first limited to fh.
The following modulator inverts the upper band. fs is folded
up to fh, fh down to fs. In general, an input frequency fin is
folded to f
out=fs+fh−fin
. Finally, the folded signal is band
limited to fh again. In the last step, the bands are added
and buffered.
7FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
To provide privacy for the end user of a cordless telephone
set, the radio-link audio signal must be scrambled. In the
microphone of the handset and the incoming telephone
line audio path of the base unit a scrambler circuit has to
be implemented. Consequently the audio signal to the
telephone line and to the earpiece must be descrambled.
Both functions can be fulfilled by the PCD4440T by simply
inserting it in the audio path.
1996 Dec 205
Because of the symmetry of the scrambling process,
descrambling is achieved by passing the signal through
another PCD4440T.
In the transparent mode, the input signal is band limited to
3500 Hz. Frequencies from 0 to 300 Hz are not filtered
out.
Page 6
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
handbook, full pagewidth
A
ab cdef
0
f
1
LPF
1a
A
abcab cde
0ff
f
f
1
A
0ff
f
1
s
l
f
m1 = fl + fs
c
ab
f
s
l
abc
LPF
1b
f
fhf2ff
s
l
A
f
0ff
f
l
1
f
m2 = fh + fs
A
0ff
f
f
1
l
LPF
2a
f
s
f
s
LPF
2b
f
h
2
aabbccddee
f
h
2
A
bc
0ff
f
f
1
s
l
A
0ff
f
f
1
l
bcde
f
s
A
0ff
h
Fig.3 Scrambler signal path.
1996 Dec 206
de
f
f
2
f
f
1
s
l
f
h
2
MGG730
Page 7
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
7.2Power supply (VDD, VSS)
The positive supply of the circuit (V
) must meet the
DD
voltage requirement as indicated in the characteristics.
To avoid undefined states of the device at power-on, an
internal reset circuit clears the logic. The power-on reset
has the highest priority; it blocks and resets the complete
circuit.
7.3Oscillator (OSCI)
The time base for the PCD4440T is a 3.58 MHz input
signal which can be derived from the oscillator output
(OSCO) of Philips microcontroller families PCD33xxA or
PCF84CxxxA. Figure 4 shows the OSCI connection.
handbook, full pagewidth
PCD33xxA
PCF84CxxxA
MICROCONTROLLER
OSCO
7.4Splitting frequency and mode selection
Table 1 shows the input codes required to select the
various splitting frequencies, and the mute, transparent
and scramble/descramble modes. The codes form part of
2
the serial I
C-bus message input on the SDA line from the
microcontroller.
27 pF
3.58 MHz
OSCI
PCD4440T
MGG731
Fig.4 OSCI (oscillator input) connection.
Table 1 Input data codes for splitting frequency and mode selection; note 1
D3D2D1D0HEXAPPLICATIONf
000101Mute mode−
001002Select f
001103Select f
010004Select f
010105Select f
011006Select f
011107Select f
100008Select f
100109Select f
10100ASelect f
1. Input codes other than shown in the table are not allowed.
2. Oscillator frequency = 3.58 MHz.
2641
1853
1507
1279
1117
1018
899
837
767
(2)
(Hz)
s
1996 Dec 207
Page 8
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
7.5Serial clock input (SCL), Serial data input
(SDA)
SCL and SDA are serial clock and data lines which
conform to the I
2
C-bus specification. Both inputs must be
pulled up externally to VDD through resistors of
approximately 10 kΩ.
7.6Address input (A0)
A0 is the slave address input and is used to set one bit of
the slave address, so as to identify one of two PCD4440T
2
devices connected to the same I
C-bus. Whether another
PCD4440T is connected to the bus or not, A0 must be
connected to VDD or VSS. The remaining bits of the slave
address are fixed internally.
handbook, full pagewidth
MSB
S110111A00A0000D3D2D1D0AP
acknowledge
R/W
2
7.7I
C-bus data configuration
The PCD4440T is always a slave receiver in the I2C-bus
configuration (the R/W bit = 0). The slave address consists
of 7 bits, where the least significant is set by the input on
A0. The more significant bits are fixed internally, as shown
in Fig.5. For definition of D0-D4, see Table 1.
7.8Signal input (IN), Signal output (OUT)
Signal input for the scrambler/descrambler is coupled into
a ‘Sallen and Key’ anti-aliasing filter configuration. A DC
1
bias voltage of
⁄2VDD is built-in.
The analog signal output is buffered to achieve a relatively
low output impedance of roughly 1 kΩ which is sufficient to
drive the earpiece amplifier or similar applications.
acknowledge
MGG732
slave addressdata
Fig.5 I2C-bus data format.
internal STROBE
1996 Dec 208
Page 9
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
8I2C BUS INTERFACE
The I2C-bus is for two-way communication between different ICs or modules. It uses only two lines, a serial data line
(SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL), both of which are bi-directional. Both lines must be connected to a positive supply
via a pull-up resistor when connected to the output stages of a device. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus
is not busy.
8.1Bit transfer (see Fig.6)
One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the HIGH period
of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time will be interpreted as control signals.
SDA
SCL
data line
stable;
data valid
change
of data
allowed
MBC621
Fig.6 Bit transfer.
8.2Start and stop conditions (see Fig.7)
Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line, while the
clock is HIGH is defined as the start condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is
defined as the stop condition (P).
SDA
SCL
S
START condition
P
STOP condition
SDA
SCL
MBC622
Fig.7 Start and stop conditions.
1996 Dec 209
Page 10
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
8.3System configuration (see Fig.8)
A device generating a message is a ‘transmitter’, a device receiving a message is the ‘receiver’. The device that controls
message transfer is the ‘master’ and the devices that are controlled by the master are the ‘slaves’.
SDA
SCL
MASTER
TRANSMITTER /
RECEIVER
SLAVE
RECEIVER
SLAVE
TRANSMITTER /
RECEIVER
MASTER
TRANSMITTER
MASTER
TRANSMITTER /
RECEIVER
MBA605
Fig.8 System configuration.
8.4Acknowledge (see Fig.9)
The number of data bytes transferred between the start and stop conditions from transmitter to receiver is not limited.
Each byte of eight bits is followed by one acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a HIGH level put on the bus by the
transmitter whereas the master generates an extra acknowledge after the reception of each byte. Also a master must
generate an acknowledge after reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. The device that
acknowledges has to pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge-related clock pulse. Set-up and hold times must
be taken into account to ensure that the SDA line is stable LOW during the whole high period of the acknowledge-related
clock pulse. A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the
last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event the transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the
master to generate the stop condition.
DATA OUTPUT
BY TRANSMITTER
not acknowledge
DATA OUTPUT
BY RECEIVER
acknowledge
SCL FROM
MASTER
S
START
CONDITION
Fig.9 Acknowledgment on the I2C-bus.
1996 Dec 2010
MBC602
9821
clock pulse for
acknowledgement
Page 11
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
8.5Timing specifications
The PCD4440T accepts data input from a microcontroller and operates as a ‘slave receiver’ via the I2C-bus. It supports
the ‘standard’ mode of the I2C-bus, but not the ‘fast’ mode detailed in
no. 9398 393 40011. The timing requirement are as follows:
Masters generate a bus clock with a maximum frequency of 100 kHz. Detailed timing is shown in Fig. 10, where the two
signal levels are LOW = VIL and HIGH = VIH, see Chapter 12. The time symbols are explained in Table 2. Figure 11
shows a complete data transfer.
handbook, full pagewidth
SDA
“The I2C-bus and how to use it”
document order
SCL
SDA
handbook, full pagewidth
SDA
SCL
MBC764
CONDITION
t
BUF
t
LOW
t
HD;STA
t
r
t
SU;STA
Fig.10 Standard mode timing.
ACKADDRESS R/W
DATASTART
t
HD;DAT
ACK
START
CONDITION
t
HIGH
t
f
t
SU;DAT
t
SU;STO
981 - 7981 - 7981 - 7
STOPACKADDRESS R/W
MBC765
Clock LOW minimum =4.7 µs; clock HIGH minimum = 4 µs.
The dashed line is the acknowledgment of the receiver.
Mark-to-space ratio = 1 : 1 (LOW-to-HIGH).
Maximum number of bytes is unrestricted.
Premature termination of transfer is allowed by generation of STOP condition.
Acknowledge clock bit must be provided by master.
Fig.11 Complete data transfer in standard mode.
1996 Dec 2011
Page 12
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
Table 2 Explanation of time symbols used in Fig.10
SYMBOLPARAMETERDESCRIPTIONMIN.MAX. UNITS
f
SCL
t
SW
t
BUF
t
SU;STA
t
HD;STA
t
LOW
t
HIGH
t
r
t
f
t
SU;DAT
t
HD;DAT
t
SU;STO
SCL clock frequency0100kHz
tolerable pulse spike width−100ns
bus free timeThe time that the bus is free (SDA is HIGH)
4.7−µs
before a new transmission is initiated by
SDA going LOW.
set-up time repeated STARTOnly valid for repeated start code.4.7−µs
hold time START conditionThe time between SDA going LOW and the
4.0−µs
first valid negative-going transition of SCL.
SCL LOW timeThe LOW period of the SCL clock.4.7−µs
SCL HIGH timeThe HIGH period of the SCL clock.4.0−µs
rise time SDA and SCL−1.0µs
fall time SDA and SCL−0.3µs
data set-up time250−ns
data hold time0−ns
set-up time STOP condition4.0−µs
1996 Dec 2012
Page 13
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
9APPLICATIONS
handbook, full pagewidth
antenna
SECTION
V
RF
REF
RSSI
RX
TX
mod
power down RX
power down TX
A/D CONVERTER
DESCRAMBLER
PCD4440T
SCRAMBLER
PCD4440T
LCD DRIVERLCD DISPLAY
2
I
C-bus
DETECTOR
EXPANDOR
1/2 NE577
COMPRESSOR
1/2 NE577
data out
MICROCONTROLLER
PCD33xxA
data in
KEYPAD
123
456
789
0#
*
Fig.12 CT0 handset with direct (Manchester code) data system.
1996 Dec 2013
MGG733
Page 14
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
antenna
handbook, full pagewidth
mod
power down RX
power down TX
2
I
C-bus
data out
RF
SECTION
V
REF
RSSI
RX
TX
A/D CONVERTER
DESCRAMBLER
PCD4440T
SCRAMBLER
PCD4440T
DETECTOR
EXPANDOR
1/2 NE577
COMPRESSOR
1/2 NE577
MICROCONTROLLER
data in
LINE INTERFACE
TEA106x
Fig.13 CT0 base unit with direct (Manchester code) data system.
PCD33xxA
DTMF
CHARGING
telephone
line
CIRCUIT
MGG734
10 HANDLING
Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharge in normal handling. However, it is good practice to take
normal precautions appropriate to handling MOS devices (see
devices”
).
“Handbook IC03, Section General, Handling MOS
1996 Dec 2014
Page 15
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
11 LIMITING VALUES
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134).
SYMBOLPARAMETERMIN.MAX.UNIT
V
DD
V
I
I
I
I
O
P
tot
P
O
T
stg
T
amb
12 CHARACTERISTICS
= 5.0 V; VSS=0V; T
V
DD
supply voltage−0.3+7.0V
all input voltages−0.8VDD+ 0.8V
DC input current−10+10mA
DC output current−20+20mA
total power dissipation−300mW
power dissipation per output−50mW
storage temperature−65+150°C
operating ambient temperature−25+70°C
=25°C; all voltages with respect to VSS; f
amb
= 3.579 MHz unless otherwise specified.
xtal
SYMBOLPARAMETERCONDITIONSMIN.TYP.MAX.UNIT
Supply
V
DD
I
DD
operating supply voltage2.8−6.0V
supply current
mute modeV
operating modeV
=3V−2.2−mA
DD
=3V−13−mA
DD
Inputs/Outputs: AO, SDA, SCL
V
IL
V
IH
C
i
I
OL
LOW level input voltage0−0.3V
HIGH level input voltage0.7VDD−V
DD
DD
V
V
input capacitance−−7pF
SDA output current LOWVOL= 0.4 V3.0−− mA
Signal input: IN
V
DC
V
i(P-P)
|input impedancefrequency = 1 kHz−120−kΩ
|Z
i
DC voltage level−0.5VDD−V
allowed amplitude−1.25VDD− 1V
DC voltage level−0.5VDD−V
LOW level input voltage0−0.3V
HIGH level input voltage0.7VDD−V
1996 Dec 2015
DD
DD
V
V
Page 16
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
13 PACKAGE OUTLINE
SO8: plastic small outline package; 8 leads; body width 7.5 mm
D
c
y
Z
8
pin 1 index
1
e
5
A
2
A
1
4
w M
b
p
E
H
E
detail X
SOT176-1
A
X
v M
A
Q
(A )
L
p
L
A
3
θ
0510 mm
scale
DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions)
mm
OUTLINE
VERSION
SOT176-1
A
max.
2.65
0.10
A1A2A
0.3
2.45
0.1
2.25
0.012
0.096
0.004
0.089
IEC JEDEC EIAJ
0.25
0.01
b
3
p
0.49
0.32
0.36
0.23
0.019
0.013
0.014
0.009
UNIT
inches
Note
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included.
(1)E(1)
cD
7.65
7.45
0.30
0.29
REFERENCES
7.6
7.4
0.30
0.29
1.27
0.050
1996 Dec 2016
eHELLpQywvθ
1.45
0.057
1.1
0.45
0.043
0.018
1.1
1.0
0.043
0.039
0.250.1
0.25
0.01 0.004
0.01
EUROPEAN
PROJECTION
10.65
10.00
0.42
0.39
(1)
Z
2.0
1.8
0.079
0.071
ISSUE DATE
91-08-13
95-02-25
o
8
o
0
Page 17
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
14 SOLDERING
14.1Introduction
There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC
packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when
through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed
on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is
not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for
printed-circuits with high population densities. In these
situations reflow soldering is often used.
This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology.
A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in
our
“IC Package Databook”
14.2Reflow soldering
Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all SO
packages.
Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of
fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied
to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or
pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.
Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example,
thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary
between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating
method. Typical reflow temperatures range from
215 to 250 °C.
(order code 9398 652 90011).
During placement and before soldering, the package must
be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be
applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe
dispensing. The package can be soldered after the
adhesive is cured.
Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and
maximum duration of package immersion in solder is
10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within
6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C.
A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal
of corrosive residues in most applications.
14.4Repairing soldered joints
Fix the component by first soldering two diagonallyopposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron
(less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact
time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When
using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in
one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between
270 and 320 °C.
Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate
the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at
45 °C.
14.3Wave soldering
Wave soldering techniques can be used for all SO
packages if the following conditions are observed:
• A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward
pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering
technique should be used.
• The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be
parallel to the solder flow.
• The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at
the downstream end.
1996 Dec 2017
Page 18
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
15 DEFINITIONS
Data sheet status
Objective specificationThis data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development.
Preliminary specificationThis data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later.
Product specificationThis data sheet contains final product specifications.
Limiting values
Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or
more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation
of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification
is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Application information
Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.
16 LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS
These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these
products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for
use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such
improper use or sale.
17 PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I
Purchase of Philips I
components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by
Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011.
2
C COMPONENTS
2
C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the
1996 Dec 2018
Page 19
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Analog voice scrambler/descramblerPCD4440T
NOTES
1996 Dec 2019
Page 20
Philips Semiconductors – a worldwide company
Argentina: see South America
Australia: 34 Waterloo Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW 2113,
United States: 811 East Arques Avenue, SUNNYVALE, CA 94088-3409,
Tel. +1 800 234 7381
Uruguay: see South America
Vietnam: see Singapore
Yugoslavia: PHILIPS, Trg N. Pasica 5/v, 11000 BEOGRAD,
Tel. +381 11 625 344, Fax.+381 11 635 777
For all other countries apply to: Philips Semiconductors, Marketing & Sales Communications,
Building BE-p, P.O. Box 218, 5600 MD EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Fax. +31 40 27 24825
The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed
without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license
under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights.
Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com
Printed in The Netherlands417021/1200/02/pp20 Date of release: 1996 Dec 20Document order number: 9397 750 01604
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