Datasheet N87C51FC, N87C51FC-20, P87C51FC-20, P87C51FC, P87C51FA Datasheet (Intel Corporation)

Page 1

*Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.

Information in this document is provided in connection with Intel products. Intel assumes no liability whatsoever, including infringement of any patent or copyright, for sale and use of Intel products except as provided in Intel’s Terms and Conditions of Sale for such products. Intel retains the right to make changes to these specifications at any time, without notice. Microcomputer Products may have minor variations to this specification known as errata.

87C51FA/87C51FB/87C51FC/87C51FC-20

CHMOS SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER

Automotive

FX Core Architecture Device

Extended Automotive Temperature Range (

40§Ctoa125§C Ambient)

Available in 12 MHz, 16 MHz and 20 MHz Versions

High Performance CHMOS EPROM

Three 16-Bit Timer/Counters Ð Timer 2 (Up/Down Counter)

Programmable Counter Array with: Ð High Speed Output, Ð Compare/Capture, Ð Pulse Width Modulator, Ð Watchdog Timer Capabilities

One-to-Three Level Program Lock System on EPROM

8K On-Chip User Programmable EPROM in 87C51FA

16K On-Chip User Programmable EPROM in 87C51FB

32K On-Chip User Programmable EPROM in 87C51FC

256 Bytes of On-Chip Data RAM

Quick Pulse Programming Algorithm

Boolean Processor

32 Programmable I/O Lines

7 Interrupt Sources

Four Level Interrupt Priority

Programmable Serial Channel with: Ð Framing Error Detection Ð Automatic Address Recognition

TTL and CMOS Compatible Logic Levels

64K External Program Memory Space

64K External Data Memory Space

MCSÉ-51 Fully Compatible Instruction Set

Power Saving Idle and Power Down Modes

ONCE (On-Circuit Emulation) Mode

RFI Reduction Mode

Available in PLCC and PDIP Packages

MEMORY ORGANIZATION

PROGRAM MEMORY: Up to 8 Kbytes of the program memory can reside in the 87C51FA On-Chip EPROM. Up to 16 Kbytes of the program memory can reside in the 87C51FB on-chip EPROM. Up to 32 Kbytes of the program memory can reside in the 87C51FC on-chip EPROM. In addition the device can address up to 64K of program memory external to the chip.

DATA MEMORY: This microcontroller has a 256 x 8 on-chip RAM. In addition it can address up to 64 Kbytes of external data memory.

The Intel 87C51FA/87C51FB/87C51FC is a single-chip control-oriented microcontroller which is fabricated on Intel’s reliable CHMOS EPROM technology. Being a member of the MCS-51 family, the 87C51FB/87C51FC uses the same powerful instruction set, has the same architecture, and is pin-for-pin compatible with the existing MCS-51 family of products. The 87C51FA is an enhanced version of the 87C51. The 87C51FB is an enhanced version of the 87C51FA. The 87C51FC is an enhanced version of the 87C51FB. With 8 Kbytes of program memory in the 87C51FA and 16 Kbytes of program memory in the 87C51FB and 32 Kbytes of program memory in the 87C51FC, it is an even more powerful microcontroller for applications that require Pulse Width Modulation, High Speed I/O, and up/down counting capabilities such as brake and traction control.

For the remainder of this document, the 87F51FA, 87C51FB and 87C51FC will be referred to as the 87C51FA/FB/FC.

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

270961– 1

Figure 1. 87C51FB/FC Block Diagram

87C51FA/FB/FC PRODUCT OPTIONS

Intel’s extended and automotive temperature range products are designed to meet the needs of those applications whose operating requirements exceed commercial standards.

With the commercial standard temperature range, operational characteristics are guaranteed over the temperature range of 0

Cto70§C ambient. With the extended temperature range option, operational characteristics are guaranteed over the temperature

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

range ofb40§Ctoa85§C ambient. For the automotive temperature range option, operational characteristics are guaranteed over the temperature range of

40§Ctoa125§C ambient. The automotive, extended, and commercial temperature versions of the MCS-51 product families are available with or without burn-in options.

As shown in Figure 2 temperature, burn-in, and package options are identified by a one- or two-letter prefix to the part number.

PIN DESCRIPTIONS

VCC: Supply voltage.

: Circuit ground.

SS1

: Secondary ground (in PLCC only). Provided to

reduce ground bounce and improve power supply by-passing.

NOTE:

This pin is NOT a substitute for V

pin (pin 22).

Port 0: Port 0 is an 8-bit, open drain, bidirectional I/O port. As an output port each pin can sink several LS TTL inputs. Port 0 pins that have 1’s written to them float, and in that state can be used as high-impedance inputs.

270961– 2

*Example:

AN87C51FA/FB/FC indicates an automotive temperature range version of the 87C51FA/FB/FC in a PLCC package with 16 Kbyte/32 Kbyte EPROM program memory.

Figure 2. Package Options

Table 1. Temperature Options

Temperature Temperature

Operating

Burn-In

Classification Designation

Temperature

Options

C Ambient

Extended T

40 toa85 Standard

40 toa85 Extended

Automotive A

40 toa125 Standard

40 toa125 Extended

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

Port 0 is also the multiplexed low-order address and data bus during accesses to external Program and Data Memory. In this application it uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1’s, and can source and sink several LS TTL inputs.

Port 0 also receives the code bytes during EPROM programming, and outputs the code bytes during program verification. External pullup resistors are required during program verification.

Port 1: Port 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 1 output buffers can drive LS TTL inputs. Port 1 pins that have 1’s written to them are pulled high by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally pulled low will source current (I

, on the data sheet) because of the internal pull-

ups.

In addition, Port 1 serves the functions of the following special features of the 87C51FB/FC:

Port Pin Alternate Function

P1.0 T2 (External Count Input to

Timer/Counter 2)

P1.1 T2EX (Timer/Counter 2 Capture/

Reload Trigger and Direction Control) P1.2 ECI (External Count Input to the PCA) P1.3 CEX0 (External I/O for Compare/

Capture Module 0) P1.4 CEX1 (External I/O for Compare/

Capture Module 1) P1.5 CEX2 (External I/O for Compare/

Capture Module 2) P1.6 CEX3 (External I/O for Compare/

Capture Module 3) P1.7 CEX4 (External I/O for Compare/

Capture Module 4)

Port 1 receives the low-order address bytes during EPROM programming and verifying.

Port 2: Port 2 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 2 output buffers can drive LS TTL inputs. Port 2 pins that have 1’s written to them are pulled high by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally pulled low will source current (I

, on the data sheet) because of the internal pull-

ups.

PACKAGES

Part Prefix Package Type

87C51FA/FB/FC P 40-Pin Plastic DIP

N 44-Pin PLCC

DIP

270961– 3

PAD (PLCC)

270961– 4

*EPROM only

**Do not connect reserved pins.

Diagrams are for pin reference only. Package sizes are not to scale.

Figure 3. Pin Connections (Top View)

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external Program Memory and during accesses to external Data Memory that use 16-bit addresses (MOVX

DPTR). In this application it uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1’s. During accesses to external Data Memory that use 8-bit addresses (MOVX

Ri), Port 2 emits the contents

of the P2 Special Function Register.

Some Port 2 pins receive the high-order address bits during EPROM programming and program verification.

Port 3: Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 3 output buffers can drive LS TTL inputs. Port 3 pins that have 1’s written to them are pulled high by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally pulled low will source current (I

, on the data sheet) because of the pullups.

Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the MCS-51 Family, as listed below:

Port Pin Alternate Function

P3.0 RXD (serial input port) P3.1 TXD (serial output port) P3.2 INT0 (external interrupt 0) P3.3 INT1

(external interrupt 1) P3.4 T0 (Timer 0 external input) P3.5 T1 (Timer 1 external input) P3.6 WR

(external data memory write strobe)

P3.7 RD

(external data memory read strobe)

RST: Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device. The port pins will be driven to their reset condition when a minimum V

IH1

is applied, whether the oscillator is running or not. An internal pulldown resistor permits a power-on reset with only a capacitor connected to V

ALE/PROG

: Address Latch Enable output pulse for

latching the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory. This pin (ALE/PROG

) is also the program pulse input during EPROM programming for the 87C51FA/FB/FC.

In normal operation ALE is emitted at a constant rate of (/6 the oscillator frequency, and may be used for external timing or clocking purposes. Note, however, that one ALE pulse is skipped during each access to external Data Memory.

Throughout the remainder of this data sheet, ALE will refer to the signal coming out of the ALE/PROG pin, and the pin will be referred to as the ALE/PROG pin.

PSEN

: Program Store Enable is the read strobe to

external Program Memory.

When the 87C51FA/FB/FC is executing code from external Program Memory, PSEN

is activated twice

each machine cycle, except that two PSEN

activations are skipped during each access to external Data Memory.

/VPP: External Access enable. EA must be

strapped to V

in order to enable the device to fetch code from external Program Memory locations 0000H to 0FFFFH. Note, however, that if either of the Program Lock bits are programmed, EA

will be

internally latched on reset.

should be strapped to VCCfor internal program

executions.

This pin also receives the programming supply voltage (V

) during EPROM programming.

XTAL1: Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier.

XTAL2: Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.

OSCILLATOR CHARACTERISTICS

XTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively, of an inverting amplifier which can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure 4. Either a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator may be used. More detailed information concerning the use of the on-chip oscillator is available in Application Note AP-155, ‘‘Oscillators for Microcontrollers’’, and in Application Note AP-486,

‘‘Oscillator

Design for Microcontrollers’’.

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

To drive the device from an external clock source, XTAL1 should be driven, while XTAL2 floats, as shown in Figure 5. There are no requirements on the duty cycle of the external clock signal, since the input to the internal clocking circuitry is through a divide-by-two flip-flop, but minimum and maximum high and low times specified on the data sheet must be observed.

An external oscillator may encounter as much as 100 pF load at XTAL1 when it starts up. This is due to interaction between the amplifier and its feedback capacitance. Once the external signal meets V

and

specifications the capacitance will not exceed

20 pF.

270961– 5

C1, C2e30 pFg10 pF for Crystals For Ceramic Resonators, contact resonator manufacturer.

Figure 4. Oscillator Connections

270961– 6

Figure 5. External Clock Drive Configuration

IDLE MODE

The user’s software can invoke the Idle Mode. When the microcontroller is in this mode, power consumption is reduced. The Special Function Registers and the onboard RAM retain their values during Idle, but the processor stops executing instructions. Idle Mode will be exited if the chip is reset or if an enabled interrupt occurs. The PCA timer/counter can optionally be left running or paused during Idle Mode.

POWER DOWN MODE

To save even more power, a Power Down mode can be invoked by software. In this mode, the oscillator is stopped and the instruction that invoked Power Down is the last instruction executed. The on-chip RAM and Special Function Registers retain their values until the Power Down mode is terminated.

On the 87C51FA/FB/FC either a hardware reset or external interrupt can cause an exit from Power Down. Reset redefines all the SFRs but does not change the on-chip RAM. An external interrupt allows both the SFRs and the on-chip RAM to retain their values.

To properly terminate Power Down the reset or external interrupt should not be executed before V

is restored to its normal operating level and must be held active long enough for the oscillator to restart and stabilize (normally less than 10 ms).

With an external interrupt. INT0 or INT1 must be enabled and configured as level-sensitive. Holding the pin low restarts the oscillator (the oscillator must be allowed time to stabilize after start up, before this pin is released high) but bringing the pin back high completes the exit. Once the interrupt is serviced, the next instruction to be executed after RETI will be the one following the instruction that put the device into Power Down.

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

DESIGN CONSIDERATION

When the Idle mode is terminated by a hardware reset, the device normally resumes program execution, from where it left off, up to two machine cycles before the internal reset algorithm takes control. Onchip hardware inhibits access to internal RAM in this event, but access to the port pins is not inhibited. To eliminate the possibility of an unexpected write when Idle is terminated by reset, the instruction following the one that invokes Idle should not be one that writes to a port pin or to external memory.

ONCE MODE

The ONCE (‘‘On-Circuit Emulation’’) Mode facilitates testing and debugging of systems using the 87C51FA/FB/FC without removing it from the circuit. The ONCE Mode is invoked by:

1. Pull ALE low while the device is in reset and PSEN

is high;

2. Hold ALE low as RST is deactivated.

While the device is in ONCE Mode, the Port 0 pins float, and the other port pins and ALE and PSEN

are weakly pulled high. The oscillator circuit remains active. While the 87C51FA/FB/FC is in this mode, an emulator or test CPU can be used to drive the circuit. Normal operation is restored when a normal reset is applied.

RFI REDUCTION MODE

The RFI reduction feature can be used only if external program memory is not required since this mode disables the ALE pin during instruction code fetches. By writing a logical one to the LSB of the Auxiliary Register (address 08EH), the ALE is disabled for instruction code fetches and the output is weakly held high. When a logical zero is written, the ALE pin is enabled allowing it to generate the Address Latch Enable signal. This bit is cleared by reset. Once disabled, ALE remains disabled until it is reset by software or until a hardware reset occurs.

Table 2. Status of the External Pins during Idle and Power Down

Mode

Program

ALE PSEN PORT0 PORT1 PORT2 PORT3

Memory

Idle Internal 1 1 Data Data Data Data

Idle External 1 1 Float Data Address Data

Power Down Internal 0 0 Data Data Data Data

Power Down External 0 0 Float Data Data Data

NOTE:

For more detailed information on the reduced power modes refer to current Embedded Applications Handbook, and Application Note AP-252, ‘‘Designing with the 80C51BH.’’

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*

Ambient Temperature Under Biasb40§Ctoa125§C

Storage Temperature ААААААААААb65§Ctoa150§C

Voltage on EA/V

Pin to VSSААААААА0V toa13.0V

Voltage on Any Other Pin to VSSÀÀb0.5V toa6.5V

IOLPer I/O Pin ААААААААААААААААААААААААААА15 mA

Power DissipationАААААААААААААААААААААААААА1.5W

(Based on package heat transfer limitations, not device power consumption)

Typical Junction Temperature АААААААААААА

135§C

(Based on ambient temperature at

125§C)

Typical Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient (i

PDIP АААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААА45

C/W

PLCC ААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААА46

C/W

NOTICE: This data sheet contains information on products in the sampling and initial production phases of development. The specifications are subject to change without notice. Verify with your local Intel Sales office that you have the latest data sheet before finalizing a design.

WARNING: Stressing the device beyond the ‘‘Absolute Maximum Ratings’’ may cause permanent damage. These are stress ratings only. Operation beyond the ‘‘Operating Conditions’’ is not recommended and extended exposure beyond the ‘‘Operating Conditions’’ may affect device reliability.

ADVANCED INFORMATIONÐCONTACT INTEL FOR DESIGN-IN INFORMATION

DC CHARACTERISTICS:

40§Ctoa125§C; V

5Vg20%; V

0V)

Symbol Parameter Min

Typ

Max Unit Test Conditions

(Note 4)

Input Low Voltage

0.5 0.2 V

0.1 V

IL1

Input Low Voltage EA 0 0.2 V

0.3 V

Input High Voltage 0.2 V

0.9 V

0.5 V

(Except XTAL1, RST, EA

)

IH1

Input High Voltage (XTAL1, RST) 0.7 V

0.5 V

Output Low Voltage (Note 5) 0.3 V I

100 mA (Note 1)

(Ports 1, 2 and 3)

0.45 V I

1.6 mA (Note 1)

1.0 V I

3.5 mA (Note 1)

OL1

Output Low Voltage (Note 5) 0.3 V I

200 mA (Note 1)

(Port 0, ALE, PSEN)

0.45 V I

3.2 mA (Note 1)

1.0 V I

7.0 mA (Note 1)

Output High Voltage V

0.3 V I

10 mA

(Ports 1, 2 and 3)

0.7 V I

30 mA

1.5 V I

60 mA

OH1

Output High Voltage V

0.3 V I

200 mA

(Port 0 in External Bus Mode,

0.7 V I

3.2 mA

ALE, PSEN)

1.5 V I

7.0 mA

Logical 0 Input Current

75 mAV

0.45V

(Ports 1, 2 and 3)

LI1

Input Leakage Current (Port 0)

10 mA 0.45V

Logical 1 to 0 Transition Current

750 mAV

(Ports 1, 2 and 3)

RRST RST Pulldown Resistor 40 225 KX

CIO Pin Capacitance 10 pF@1 MHz, 25§C

Power Supply Current: (Note 3)

Running at 16/20 MHz (Figure 6) 26/28 35/40 mA Idle Mode at 16/20 MHz (Figure 6) 5 12/14 mA Power Down Mode 15 100 mA

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

NOTES:

1. Capacitive loading on Ports 0 and 2 may cause noise pulses above 0.4V to be superimposed on the V

s of ALE and Ports 1, 2 and 3. The noise is due to external bus capacitance discharging into the Port 0 and Port 2 pins when these pins change from 1 to 0. In applications where capacitive loading exceeds 100 pF, the noise pulses on these signals may exceed

0.8V. It may be desirable to qualify ALE or other signals with Schmitt triggers or CMOS-level input logic.

2. Capacitive loading on Ports 0 and 2 cause the V

on ALE and PSEN to drop below the 0.9 VCCspecification when the

address lines are stabilizing.

3. See Figures 6– 9 for test conditions. Minimum V

for Power Down is 2V.

4. Typicals are based on limited number of samples and are not guaranteed. The values listed are at room temperature and 5V.

5. Under steady state (non-transient) conditions, I

must be externally limited as follows:

Maximum I

per port pin: 10mA

Maximum I

per 8-bit portÐ

Port 0: 26 mA

Ports 1, 2 and 3: 15 mA

Maximum total I

for all output pins: 71 mA

If I

exceeds the test condition, VOLmay exceed the related specification. Pins are not guaranteed to sink current greater

than the listed test conditions.

270961– 7

Max at other frequencies is given by:

Active Mode

Maxe(1.25cOsc Freq)a15

Idle Mode

Maxe(0.5cOsc Freq)a4

Where Osc Freq is in MHz, I

is in mA.

Figure 6. ICCvs Frequency

All other pins disconnected 270961– 8 TCLCH

TCHCLe5ns

Figure 7. ICCTest Condition, Active Mode

All other pins disconnected 270961– 9 TCLCH

TCHCLe5ns

Figure 8. ICCTest Condition Idle Mode

All other pins disconnected 270961– 10

Figure 9. ICCTest Condition, Power Down Mode.

2.0V to 5.5V.

270961– 11

Figure 10. Clock Signal Waveform for ICCTests in Active and Idle Modes. TCLCHeTCHCLe5 ns.

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

EXPLANATION OF THE AC SYMBOLS

Each timing symbol has 5 characters. The first character is always a ‘T’ (stands for time). The other characters, depending on their positions, stand for the name of a signal or the logical status of that signal. The following is a list of all the characters and what they stand for.

A: Address C: Clock D: Input Data H: Logic level HIGH I: Instruction (program memory contents)

L: Logic level LOW, or ALE P: PSEN Q: Output Data R: RD

signal T: Time V: Valid W: WR

signal X: No longer a valid logic level Z: Float

For example,

AVLL

Time from Address Valid to ALE Low

LLPL

Time from ALE Low to PSEN Low

AC CHARACTERISTICS (T

40§Ctoa125§C, V

5Vg20%, V

0V, Load Capacitance

for Port 0, ALE/PROG

and PSENe100 pF, Load Capacitance for All Other Outputse80 pF)

ADVANCED INFORMATIONÐCONTACT INTEL FOR DESIGN-IN INFORMATION

EXTERNAL PROGRAM MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS

Symbol Parameter

12 MHz

Variable Oscillator

Units

Oscillator

Min Max

87C51FA/FB/FC

87C51FC-20

Min Max

1/T

CLCL

Oscillator Frequency 3.5 16/20 MHz

LHLL

ALE Pulse Width 127 2T

CLCL

40 ns

AVLL

Address Valid to ALE Low 43 T

CLCL

40 ns

LLAX

Address Hold After ALE Low 53 T

CLCL

30 ns

LLIV

ALE Low to Valid 234 4T

CLCL

100/ ns

Instruction In 4T

CLCL

75*

LLPL

ALE Low to PSEN Low 53 T

CLCL

30 ns

PLPH

PSEN Pulse Width 205 3T

CLCL

45 ns

PLIV

PSEN Low to Valid 145 3T

CLCL

105/ ns

Instruction In 3T

CLCL

90*

PXIX

Input Inst. Hold After 0 0 ns PSEN

Trans

PXIZ

Input Inst. Float After 59 T

CLCL

25/ ns

PSEN

Trans T

CLCL

20*

AVIV

Address Valid to Valid 312 5T

CLCL

105 ns

Instruction In

PLAZ

PSEN Low to Address 10 10 ns Float

RLRH

RD Pulse Width 400 6T

CLCL

100 ns

WLWH

WR Pulse Width 400 6T

CLCL

100 ns

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

AC CHARACTERISTICS (T

40§Ctoa125§C, V

5Vg20%, V

0V, Load Capaci-

tance for Port 0, ALE/PROG

and PSENe100 pF, Load Capacitance for All Other Outputse80 pF)

(Continued)

ADVANCED INFORMATIONÐCONTACT INTEL FOR DESIGN-IN INFORMATION

EXTERNAL PROGRAM MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS

(Continued)

Symbol Parameter

12 MHz

Variable Oscillator

Units

Oscillator

Min Max

87C51FA/FB/FC

87C51FC-20

Min Max

RLDV

RD Low to Valid Data In 252 5T

CLCL

165/ ns

CLCL

95*

RHDX

Data Hold After RD High 0 0 ns

RHDZ

Data Float After RD High 107 2T

CLCL

60 ns

LLDV

ALE Low to Valid Data In 517 8T

CLCL

150/ ns

CLCL

90*

AVDV

Address Valid to Valid Data In 585 9T

CLCL

165/ ns

CLCL

90*

LLWL

ALE Low to RD or WR Low 200 300 3T

CLCL

50 3T

CLCL

50 ns

AVWL

Address Valid to WR Low 203 4T

CLCL

130/ ns

CLCL

90*

QVWX

Data Valid before WR Low 33 T

CLCL

50/ ns

CLCL

35*

WHQX

Data Hold after WR High 33 T

CLCL

50/ ns

CLCL

40*

QVWH

Data Valid to WR High 433 7T

CLCL

150/ ns

CLCL

70*

RLAZ

RD Low to Address Float 0 0 ns

WHLH

RD or WR High to ALE High 43 123 T

CLCL

40 T

CLCL

40 ns

NOTE:

*Timings specified for the 87C51FC-20 are valid at 20 MHz only. For timing information below 20 MHz, use the 87C51FA/ FB/FC timings.

Page 12

AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

EXTERNAL PROGRAM MEMORY READ CYCLE

270961– 12

EXTERNAL DATA MEMORY READ CYCLE

270961– 13

EXTERNAL DATA MEMORY WRITE CYCLE

270961– 14

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

SERIAL PORT TIMINGÐSHIFT REGISTER MODE

Test Conditions:

40§Ctoa125§C; V

5Vg20%; V

0V; Load Capacitancee80 pF

Symbol Parameter

12 MHz Oscillator Variable Oscillator

Units

Min Max Min Max

XLXL

Serial Port Clock Cycle Time 1 12T

CLCL

QVXH

Output Data Setup to Clock 700 10T

CLCL

133 ns

Rising Edge

XHQX

Output Data Hold after 50 2T

CLCL

117 ns

Clock Rising Edge

XHDX

Input Data Hold After Clock 0 0 ns Rising Edge

XHDV

Clock Rising Edge to Input 700 10T

CLCL

133 ns

Data Valid

SHIFT REGISTER MODE TIMING WAVEFORMS

270961– 15

EXTERNAL CLOCK DRIVE

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

1/T

CLCL

Oscillator Frequency 3.5 16/20 MHz 87C51FA/FB/FC

CHCX

High Time 20 ns

CLCX

Low Time 20 ns

CLCH

Rise Time 20 ns

CHCL

Fall Time 20 ns

EXTERNAL CLOCK DRIVE WAVEFORMS

270961– 16

Page 14

AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

AC TESTING INPUT, OUTPUT WAVEFORMS

270961– 17

AC Inputs during testing are driven at V

0.5V for a Logic ‘‘1’’

and 0.45V for a Logic ‘‘0’’. Timing measurements are made at V

min for a Logic ‘‘1’’ and VILmax for a Logic ‘‘0’’.

FLOAT WAVEFORMS

270961– 18 For timing purposes a port pin is no longer floating when a 100 mV change from load voltage occurs, and begins to float when a 100 mV change from the loaded V

OH/VOL

level occurs.

IOL/I

20 mA.

Table 3. EPROM Programming Modes

Mode RST PSEN

ALE/ EA/

P2.6 P2.7 P3.3 P3.6 P3.7

PROG

Program Code Data H L ß 12.75V L H H H H

Verify Code Data H L H H L L L H H

Program Encryption H L ß 12.75V L H H L H Array Address 0 – 3FH

Program Lock Bit 1 H L ß 12.75V H H H H H Bits

Bit 2 H L ß 12.75V H H H L L

Bit 3 H L ß 12.75V H L H H L

Read Signature Byte H L H H L L L L L

DEFINITION OF TERMS (EPROM PROGRAMMING)

ADDRESS LINES: P1.0– P1.7, P2.0– P2.5, P3.4–

P3.5 respectively for A0– A13.

DATA LINES: P0.0–P0.7 for D0 – D7.

CONTROL SIGNALS: RST, PSEN

, P2.6, P2.7, P3.3,

P3.6, P3.7

PROGRAM SIGNALS: ALE/PROG

,EA/V

PROGRAMMING THE EPROM

The part must be running wit h a 4 MHz to 6 MHz oscillator. The address of an EPROM location to be programmed is applied to address lines while the code byte to be programmed in that location is applied to data lines. Control and program signals must be held at the levels indicated in Table 3. Normally EA

/VPPis held at logic high until just before ALE/

PROG

is to be pulsed. The EA/VPPis raised to VPP,

ALE/PROG

is pulsed low and then EA/VPPis re-

turned to a high (also refer to timing diagrams).

NOTE:

Exceeding the V

maximum for any amount of time could damage the device permanently. The V

source must be well regulated and free of

glitches.

Page 15

AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

270961– 19

*See Table 2 for proper input on these pins

Figure 11. Programming the EPROM

PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM

Refer to Table 3 and Figures 11 and 12 for address, data, and control signals set up. To program the 87C51FA/FB/FC the following sequence must be exercised.

1. Input the valid address on the address lines.

2. Input the appropriate data byte on the data lines.

3. Activate the correct combination of control signals.

4. Raise EA

/VPPfrom VCCto 12.75Vg0.25V.

5. Pulse ALE/PROG 5 times for the E PROM array, and 25 times for the encryption table and the lock bits.

Repeat 1 through 5 changing the address and data for the entire array or until the end of the object file is reached.

PROGRAM VERIFY

Program verify may be done after each byte or block of bytes is programmed. In either case a complete verify of the programmed array will ensure reliable programming of the 87C51FA/FB/FC.

The lock bits cannot be directly verified. Verification of the lock bits is done by observing that their features are enabled. Refer to the EPROM Program Lock section in this data sheet.

270961– 20

5 Pulses

Figure 12. Programming Signal’s Waveforms

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

EPROM Program Lock

The 87C51FA/FB/FC program lock system, when programmed, protects the onboard program against software piracy.

The 87C51FA/FB/FC has a 3-level program lock system and a 64-byte encryption array. Since this is an EPROM device, all locations are user programmable. See Table 4.

Program Lock Bits

The 87C51FA/FB/FC has 3 programmable lock bits that when programmed according to Table 4 will provide different levels of protection for the on-chip code and data.

Erasing the EPROM also erases the encryption array and the program lock bits, returning the part to full functionality.

Encryption Array

Within the EPROM array are 64 bytes of Encryption Array that are initially unprogrammed (all 1’s). Every time that a byte is addressed during a verify, 6 address lines are used to select a byte of the Encryption Array. This byte is then exclusive-NOR’ed (XNOR) with the code byte, creating an Encryption Verify byte. The algorithm, with the array in the unprogrammed state (all 1’s), will return the code in it’s original, unmodified form. For programming the Encryption Array, refer to Table 3 (EPROM Programming Mode).

Reading the Signature Bytes

The 87C51FA/FB/FC has 3 signature bytes in locations 30H, 31H and 60H. To read these bytes follow the procedure for EPROM verify, but activate the control lines provided in Table 3 for Read Signature Byte.

Location: 30He89H

31H

58H

60HeFBH (for an FB part)

60HeFCH (for an FC part)

Table 4. Program Lock Bits and the Features

Program Lock Bits

Protection Type

LB1 LB2 LB3

1 U U U No Program Lock features enabled. (Code verify will still be encrypted by the

Encryption Array if programmed.)

2 P U U MOVC instructions executed from external program memory are disabled

from fetching code bytes from internal memory, EA is sampled and latched on Reset, and further programming of the EPROM is disabled.

3 P P U Same as 2, also verify is disabled.

4 P P P Same as 3, also external execution is disabled.

Any other combination of the lock bits is not defined.

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AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

EPROM PROGRAMMING AND VERIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS

21§Cto27§C; V

5Vg20%; V

0V)

ADVANCED INFORMATIONÐCONTACT INTEL FOR DESIGN-IN INFORMATION

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

Programming Supply Voltage 12.5 13.0 V

Programming Supply Current 75 mA

1/T

CLCL

Oscillator Frequency 4 6 MHz

AVGL

Address Setup to PROG Low 48T

CLCL

GHAX

Address Hold after PROG 48T

CLCL

DVGL

Data Setup to PROG Low 48T

CLCL

GHDX

Data Hold after PROG 48T

CLCL

EHSH

(Enable) High to V

48T

CLCL

SHGL

VPPSetup to PROG Low 10 ms

GHSL

VPPHold after PROG 10 ms

GLGH

PROG Width 90 110 ms

AVQV

Address to Data Valid 48T

CLCL

ELQV

ENABLE Low to Data Valid 48T

CLCL

EHQZ

Data Float after ENABLE 0 48T

CLCL

GHGL

PROG High to PROG Low 10 ms

EPROM PROGRAMMING AND VERIFICATION WAVEFORMS

270961– 21

Page 18

AUTOMOTIVE 87C51FA/FB/FC/FC-20

DATA SHEET REVISION HISTORY

The following are key differences between this data sheet and the -002 revision of the data sheet:

1. The data sheet has been revised from the 87C51FB/87C51FC to the 87C51FA/87C51FB/87C51FC/

87C51FC-20 and includes the 20 MHz 87C51FC.

2. RST pin in Figure 3 has been changed to RESET pin.

3. Reference to Application Note AP-486 was added on page 5.

4. The I

specification has been corrected in the D.C. Characteristics section.

5. The 20 MHz I

max values have been added.

6. 20 MHz 87C51FC timings information were added to the External Program Memory Characteristics table.

DATA SHEET REVISION HISTORY

The following are key differences between this data sheet and the -001 version of the data sheet:

1. ‘‘NC’’ pin labels changed to ‘‘Reserved’’ in Figure 3.

2. Capacitor value for ceramic resonators deleted in Figure 4.

3. Replaced A0– A15 with P1.0 –P1.7, P2.0 – P2.5 (EPROM programming and verification waveforms).

4. Replaced D0– D7 with P0 (EPROM programming and verification waveforms).

5. Combined the 87C51FB and 87C51FC data sheets.

The following are the key differences between the previous 87C51FB data sheet versions and this new data sheet (rev-001):

1. The data sheet has been revised from a 83C51FB/87C51FB to an 87C51FB data sheet only.

2. The data sheet has been revised to specify AC and DC parameters to V

5Vg20% instead of V

5Vg10%.

3. The 87C51FB is now offered in a 3.5 MHz– 20 MHz version.

4. The RST description has been modified to clarify the reset operation when the oscillator is not running.

5. Figure 4 (Oscillator Connections) has been changed for Ceramic Resonators.

6. A description of RFI Reduction Mode has been added.

7. V

OH1,IIL,ITL

and ICCDC Characteristics have been revised.

8. Note 1 of the DC Characteristics has been clarified.

9. The External Clock Drive diagram has been modified to include 16 MHz and 20 MHz device types.

10. The Float Waveforms diagram has been revised for greater clarity.

11. Table 4, EPROM Programming Modes, has been modified, included logic levels for P3.3 and three pro-

gram lock bits.

12. The Encryption Array section now states that six address lines are used to select a byte from the Encryp-

tion Array instead of five.

13. The I

specification in the EPROM Programming and Verification Characteristics has been increased to

75 mA.