This advanced TMOS E–FET is designed to withstand high
energy in the avalanche and commutation modes. The new energy
efficient design also offers a drain–to–source diode with a fast
recovery time. Designed for low voltage, high speed switching
applications in power supplies, converters and PWM motor
controls, these devices are particularly well suited for bridge circuits
where diode speed and commutating safe operating areas are
critical and offer additional safety margin against unexpected
voltage transients.
• Avalanche Energy Specified
• Source–to–Drain Diode Recovery Time Comparable to a
Discrete Fast Recovery Diode
• Diode is Characterized for Use in Bridge Circuits
• I
DSS
and V
Specified at Elevated Temperature
DS(on)
N–Channel
D
Order this document
by MTB40N10E/D
TMOS POWER FET
40 AMPERES
100 VOL TS
R
DS(on)
= 0.04 OHM
G
S
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Drain–to–Source VoltageV
Drain–to–Gate Voltage (RGS = 1.0 MΩ)V
Gate–to–Source Voltage — Continuous
Figure 1. On–Region CharacteristicsFigure 2. Transfer Characteristics
0.07
VGS = 10 V
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
, DRAIN–TO–SOURCE RESIST ANCE (OHMS)
0.01
0
DS(on)
R
01020304050607080
TJ = 100°C
25°C
–55°C
ID, DRAIN CURRENT (AMPS)ID, DRAIN CURRENT (AMPS)
Figure 3. On–Resistance versus Drain Current
and T emperature
7 V
6 V
5 V
80
VDS ≥ 10 V
70
60
50
40
30
, DRAIN CURRENT (AMPS)
20
D
I
10
0
2345 6 78
VGS, GATE–T O–SOURCE VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
0.050
0.045
0.040
0.035
0.030
0.025
0.020
, DRAIN–TO–SOURCE RESIST ANCE (OHMS)
0.015
0.010
DS(on)
R
TJ = 25°C
VGS = 10 V
15 V
01020304050607080
100°C
25°C
TJ = –55°C
Figure 4. On–Resistance versus Drain Current
and Gate Voltage
2.0
1.8
VGS = 10 V
ID = 20 A
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
(NORMALIZED)
0.6
, DRAIN–TO–SOURCE RESIST ANCE
0.4
0.2
DS(on)
R
0
–50–250255075100125150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (
°
C)VDS, DRAIN–TO–SOURCE VOL TAGE (VOLTS)
Figure 5. On–Resistance Variation with
Temperature
Motorola TMOS Power MOSFET Transistor Device Data
1000
, LEAKAGE (nA)
DSS
I
VGS = 0 V
100
10
1.0
010203040607080100
TJ = 125°C
100°C
5090
Figure 6. Drain–T o–Source Leakage
Current versus Voltage
3
Page 4
MTB40N10E
POWER MOSFET SWITCHING
Switching behavior is most easily modeled and predicted
by recognizing that the power MOSFET is charge controlled.
The lengths of various switching intervals (∆t) are determined
by how fast the FET input capacitance can be charged by
current from the generator.
The published capacitance data is difficult to use for calculating rise and fall because drain–gate capacitance varies
greatly with applied voltage. Accordingly , gate charge data is
used. In most cases, a satisfactory estimate of average input
current (I
) can be made from a rudimentary analysis of
G(A V)
the drive circuit so that
t = Q/I
G(AV)
During the rise and fall time interval when switching a resistive load, VGS remains virtually constant at a level known as
the plateau voltage, V
. Therefore, rise and fall times may
SGP
be approximated by the following:
tr = Q2 x RG/(VGG – V
tf = Q2 x RG/V
GSP
GSP
)
where
VGG = the gate drive voltage, which varies from zero to V
GG
RG = the gate drive resistance
and Q2 and V
are read from the gate charge curve.
GSP
During the turn–on and turn–off delay times, gate current is
not constant. The simplest calculation uses appropriate values from the capacitance curves in a standard equation for
voltage change in an RC network. The equations are:
t
d(on)
t
d(off)
= RG C
= RG C
In [VGG/(VGG – V
iss
In (VGG/V
iss
GSP
)]
GSP
)
The capacitance (C
) is read from the capacitance curve at
iss
a voltage corresponding to the off–state condition when calculating t
on–state when calculating t
and is read at a voltage corresponding to the
d(on)
d(off)
.
At high switching speeds, parasitic circuit elements
complicate the analysis. The inductance of the MOSFET
source lead, inside the package and in the circuit wiring
which is common to both the drain and gate current paths,
produces a voltage at the source which reduces the gate
drive current. The voltage is determined by Ldi/dt, but since
di/dt is a function of drain current, the mathematical solution
is complex. The MOSFET output capacitance also complicates the mathematics. And finally, MOSFETs have finite
internal gate resistance which effectively adds to the
resistance of the driving source, but the internal resistance is
difficult to measure and, consequently, is not specified.
The resistive switching time variation versus gate resistance (Figure 9) shows how typical switching performance is
affected by the parasitic circuit elements. If the parasitics
were not present, the slope of the curves would maintain a
value of unity regardless of the switching speed. The circuit
used to obtain the data is constructed to minimize common
inductance in the drain and gate circuit loops and is believed
readily achievable with board mounted components. Most
power electronic loads are inductive; the data in the figure is
taken with a resistive load, which approximates an optimally
snubbed inductive load. Power MOSFETs may be safely
operated into an inductive load; however, snubbing reduces
switching losses.
C, CAPACITANCE (pF)
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
VDS = 0 V
C
iss
C
rss
–10–5051025
GATE–T O–SOURCE OR DRAIN–TO–SOURCE VOL TAGE (VOLTS)
VGS = 0 V
C
rss
1520
V
GS
V
DS
Figure 7. Capacitance Variation
TJ = 25
°C
C
iss
C
oss
4
Motorola TMOS Power MOSFET Transistor Device Data
Page 5
, GATE–T O–SOURCE VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
GS
V
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
Q3
1020304050
QG, TOTAL GATE CHARGE (nC)
QT
Q2Q1
MTB40N10E
V
DS
, DRAIN–TO–SOURCE VOL TAGE (VOLTS)
10,000
VDD = 50 V
ID = 40 A
VGS = 10 V
TJ = 25
°
1000
t, TIME (ns)
100
10
1.010100
C
t
r
t
f
t
d(off)
t
d(on)
RG, GATE RESISTANCE (OHMS)
V
GS
ID = 40 A
TJ = 25
°
V
DS
607080
80
72
64
56
48
40
32
24
C
16
8
0
Figure 8. Gate–T o–Source and Drain–To–Source
V oltage versus Total Charge
DRAIN–TO–SOURCE DIODE CHARACTERISTICS
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
, SOURCE CURRENT (AMPS)
S
I
5
VGS = 0 V
TJ = 25
°
C
0
0.60 0.650.700.750.801.0
VSD, SOURCE–TO–DRAIN VOL TAGE (VOLTS)
Figure 10. Diode Forward V oltage versus Current
SAFE OPERATING AREA
Figure 9. Resistive Switching Time
Variation versus Gate Resistance
0.850.900.95
The Forward Biased Safe Operating Area curves define
the maximum simultaneous drain–to–source voltage and
drain current that a transistor can handle safely when it is
forward biased. Curves are based upon maximum peak
junction temperature and a case temperature (TC) of 25°C.
Peak repetitive pulsed power limits are determined by using
the thermal response data in conjunction with the procedures
discussed in AN569, “Transient Thermal Resistance–General
Data and Its Use.”
Switching between the off–state and the on–state may
traverse any load line provided neither rated peak current
(IDM) nor rated voltage (V
) is exceeded and the transition
DSS
time (tr,tf) do not exceed 10 µs. In addition the total power
averaged over a complete switching cycle must not exceed
(T
J(MAX)
– TC)/(R
θJC
).
A Power MOSFET designated E–FET can be safely used
in switching circuits with unclamped inductive loads. For
Motorola TMOS Power MOSFET Transistor Device Data
reliable operation, the stored energy from circuit inductance
dissipated in the transistor while in avalanche must be less
than the rated limit and adjusted for operating conditions
differing from those specified. Although industry practice is to
rate in terms of energy, avalanche energy capability is not a
constant. The energy rating decreases non–linearly with an
increase of peak current in avalanche and peak junction
temperature.
Although many E–FETs can withstand the stress of
drain–to–source avalanche at currents up to rated pulsed
current (IDM), the energy rating is specified at rated
continuous current (ID), in accordance with industry custom.
The energy rating must be derated for temperature as shown
in the accompanying graph (Figure 12). Maximum energy at
currents below rated continuous ID can safely be assumed to
equal the values indicated.
5
Page 6
MTB40N10E
SAFE OPERATING AREA
1000
VGS = 20 V
SINGLE PULSE
TC = 25
°
C
100
10
, DRAIN CURRENT (AMPS)
D
I
1.0
0.11.01000
VDS, DRAIN–TO–SOURCE VOL TAGE (VOLTS)
1.0 ms
100 ms
10 ms
R
DS(on)
THERMAL LIMIT
PACKAGE LIMIT
10 ms
dc
100
Figure 11. Maximum Rated Forward Biased
Safe Operating Area
1.0
D = 0.5
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.05
0.02
r(t), NORMALIZED EFFECTIVE
TRANSIENT THERMAL RESISTANCE
0.0
SINGLE PULSE
0.01
1.0E–051.0E–041.0E–031.0E–021.0E–011.0E+001.0E+01
LIMIT
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
AVALANCHE ENERGY (mJ)
, SINGLE PULSE DRAIN–TO–SOURCE
100
AS
E
0
25507510012510
Figure 12. Maximum Avalanche Energy versus
P
(pk)
t
1
t
DUTY CYCLE, D = t1/t
TJ, STARTING JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
Starting Junction T emperature
R
(t) = r(t) R
θ
JC
D CURVES APPLY FOR POWER
PULSE TRAIN SHOWN
READ TIME AT t
2
T
J(pk)
2
– TC = P
θ
(pk)
JC
1
R
θ
JC
ID = 40 A
150
(t)
Figure 13. Thermal Response
di/dt
I
S
t
rr
t
t
a
b
TIME
t
p
0.25 I
S
I
S
Figure 14. Diode Reverse Recovery Waveform
t, TIME (seconds)
3
2.5
2.0
1.5
1
0.5
, POWER DISSIPATION (WATTS)
D
P
0
R
= 50°C/W
θJA
Board material = 0.065 mil FR–4
Mounted on the minimum recommended footprint
Collector/Drain Pad Size ≈ 450 mils x 350 mils
255075100125150
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
Figure 15. D2PAK Power Derating Curve
6
Motorola TMOS Power MOSFET Transistor Device Data
Page 7
INFORMATION FOR USING THE D2PAK SURFACE MOUNT PACKAGE
RECOMMENDED FOOTPRINT FOR SURFACE MOUNTED APPLICATIONS
Surface mount board layout is a critical portion of the total
design. The footprint for the semiconductor packages must be
the correct size to ensure proper solder connection interface
0.33
8.38
0.42
10.66
MTB40N10E
between the board and the package. With the correct pad
geometry, the packages will self align when subjected to a
solder reflow process.
0.08
2.032
1.016
0.12
3.05
0.63
17.02
0.24
6.096
0.04
inches
mm
POWER DISSIPATION FOR A SURFACE MOUNT DEVICE
The power dissipation for a surface mount device is a
function of the drain pad size. These can vary from the
minimum pad size for soldering to a pad size given for
maximum power dissipation. Power dissipation for a surface
mount device is determined by T
junction temperature of the die, R
from the device junction to ambient, and the operating
temperature, TA. Using the values provided on the data sheet,
PD can be calculated as follows:
T
PD =
J(max)
R
θJA
The values for the equation are found in the maximum
ratings table on the data sheet. Substituting these values into
the equation for an ambient temperature TA of 25°C, one can
calculate the power dissipation of the device. For a D2PAK
device, PD is calculated as follows.
150°C – 25°C
PD =
50°C/W
The 50°C/W for the D2P AK package assumes the use of the
recommended footprint on a glass epoxy printed circuit board
to achieve a power dissipation of 2.5 Watts. There are other
alternatives to achieving higher power dissipation from the
surface mount packages. One is to increase the area of the
drain pad. By increasing the area of the drain pad, the power
, the maximum rated
J(max)
, the thermal resistance
θJA
– T
A
= 2.5 Watts
dissipation can be increased. Although one can almost double
the power dissipation with this method, one will be giving up
area on the printed circuit board which can defeat the purpose
of using surface mount technology. For example, a graph of
R
versus drain pad area is shown in Figure 16.
θJA
70
60
°
50
40
TO AMBIENT ( C/W)
30
, THERMAL RESISTANCE, JUNCTION
JA
θ
R
20
2.5 Watts
Board Material = 0.0625
G–10/FR–4, 2 oz Copper
3.5 Watts
5 Watts
A, AREA (SQUARE INCHES)
″
TA = 25°C
1614121086420
Figure 16. Thermal Resistance versus Drain Pad
Area for the D2P AK Package (Typical)
Another alternative would be to use a ceramic substrate or
an aluminum core board such as Thermal Clad. Using a
board material such as Thermal Clad, an aluminum core
board, the power dissipation can be doubled using the same
footprint.
Motorola TMOS Power MOSFET Transistor Device Data
7
Page 8
MTB40N10E
SOLDER STENCIL GUIDELINES
Prior to placing surface mount components onto a printed
circuit board, solder paste must be applied to the pads. Solder
stencils are used to screen the optimum amount. These
stencils are typically 0.008 inches thick and may be made of
brass or stainless steel. For packages such as the SC–59,
SC–70/SOT–323, SOD–123, SOT–23, SOT–143, SOT–223,
SO–8, SO–14, SO–16, and SMB/SMC diode packages, the
stencil opening should be the same as the pad size or a 1:1
registration. This is not the case with the DPAK and D2PAK
packages. If one uses a 1:1 opening to screen solder onto the
drain pad, misalignment and/or “tombstoning” may occur due
to an excess of solder. For these two packages, the opening
in the stencil for the paste should be approximately 50% of the
tab area. The opening for the leads is still a 1:1 registration.
Figure 17 shows a typical stencil for the DPAK and D2PAK
packages. The pattern of the opening in the stencil for the
drain pad is not critical as long as it allows approximately 50%
of the pad to be covered with paste.
SOLDERING PRECAUTIONS
The melting temperature of solder is higher than the rated
temperature of the device. When the entire device is heated
to a high temperature, failure to complete soldering within a
short time could result in device failure. Therefore, the
following items should always be observed in order to
minimize the thermal stress to which the devices are
subjected.
• Always preheat the device.
• The delta temperature between the preheat and soldering
should be 100°C or less.*
• When preheating and soldering, the temperature of the
leads and the case must not exceed the maximum
temperature ratings as shown on the data sheet. When
using infrared heating with the reflow soldering method,
the difference shall be a maximum of 10°C.
• The soldering temperature and time shall not exceed
260°C for more than 10 seconds.
SOLDER P ASTE
OPENINGS
STENCIL
Figure 17. T ypical Stencil for DPAK and
D2P AK Packages
• When shifting from preheating to soldering, the maximum
temperature gradient shall be 5°C or less.
• After soldering has been completed, the device should be
allowed to cool naturally for at least three minutes.
Gradual cooling should be used as the use of forced
cooling will increase the temperature gradient and result
in latent failure due to mechanical stress.
• Mechanical stress or shock should not be applied during
cooling.
* Soldering a device without preheating can cause excessive
thermal shock and stress which can result in damage to the
device.
* Due to shadowing and the inability to set the wave height to
incorporate other surface mount components, the D2PAK is
not recommended for wave soldering.
8
Motorola TMOS Power MOSFET Transistor Device Data
Page 9
TYPICAL SOLDER HEATING PROFILE
For any given circuit board, there will be a group of control
settings that will give the desired heat pattern. The operator
must set temperatures for several heating zones, and a figure
for belt speed. T aken together , these control settings make up
a heating “profile” for that particular circuit board. On
machines controlled by a computer, the computer remembers
these profiles from one operating session to the next. Figure
18 shows a typical heating profile for use when soldering a
surface mount device to a printed circuit board. This profile will
vary among soldering systems but it is a good starting point.
Factors that can affect the profile include the type of soldering
system in use, density and types of components on the board,
type of solder used, and the type of board or substrate material
being used. This profile shows temperature versus time. The
MTB40N10E
line on the graph shows the actual temperature that might be
experienced on the surface of a test board at or near a central
solder joint. The two profiles are based on a high density and
a low density board. The Vitronics SMD310 convection/infrared reflow soldering system was used to generate this
profile. The type of solder used was 62/36/2 Tin Lead Silver
with a melting point between 177–189°C. When this type of
furnace is used for solder reflow work, the circuit boards and
solder joints tend to heat first. The components on the board
are then heated by conduction. The circuit board, because it
has a large surface area, absorbs the thermal energy more
efficiently, then distributes this energy to the components.
Because of this effect, the main body of a component may be
up to 30 degrees cooler than the adjacent solder joints.
200
°
150°C
100
°
50
°
STEP 1
PREHEA T
ZONE 1
“RAMP”
C
DESIRED CURVE FOR HIGH
C
C
TIME (3 TO 7 MINUTES TOTAL)
STEP 2
VENT
“SOAK”
MASS ASSEMBLIES
150°C
100°C
Figure 18. T ypical Solder Heating Profile
STEP 3
HEATING
ZONES 2 & 5
“RAMP”
DESIRED CURVE FOR LOW
MASS ASSEMBLIES
STEP 4
HEATING
ZONES 3 & 6
“SOAK”
°
C
160
140°C
T
MAX
STEP 6
VENT
205
SOLDER JOINT
STEP 5
HEATING
ZONES 4 & 7
“SPIKE”
170°C
SOLDER IS LIQUID FOR
40 TO 80 SECONDS
(DEPENDING ON
MASS OF ASSEMBLY)
COOLING
°
TO 219°C
PEAK AT
STEP 7
Motorola TMOS Power MOSFET Transistor Device Data
9
Page 10
MTB40N10E
–T–
SEATING
PLANE
–B–
G
4
4
231
231
S
D
3 PL
0.13 (0.005)T
M
P ACKAGE DIMENSIONS
C
E
V
A
K
J
H
M
B
CASE 418B–03
ISSUE C
STYLE 2:
PIN 1. GATE
2. DRAIN
3. SOURCE
4. DRAIN
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty , representation or guarantee regarding
the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and
specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “T ypical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola
data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”
must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of
others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other
applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury
or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola
and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
How to reach us:
USA/EUROPE/Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution;JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.: SPD, Strategic Planning Office, 4–32–1,
P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217. 1–303–675–2140 or 1–800–441–2447 Nishi–Gotanda, Shinagawa–ku, Tokyo 141, Japan. 81–3–5487–8488
Customer Focus Center: 1–800–521–6274
Mfax: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com – TOUCHTONE 1–602–244–6609ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park,
Moto rola Fax Back System– US & Canada ONLY 1–800–774–1848 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298
HOME PAGE: http://motorola.com/sps/
10
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◊
Motorola TMOS Power MOSFET Transistor Device Data
Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
MTB40N10E/D
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