Datasheet MIC39150-2.5BT, MIC39150-2.5BU, MIC39150-1.8BU, MIC39151-2.5BU, MIC39151-2.5BT Datasheet (MICREL)

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Page 1

MIC39150/39151 Micrel

MIC39151-2.5

IN OUT

GND

10µF tantalum

3.3V

OUT

2.5V

EN FLG

ERROR FLAG OUTPUT

ENABLE

SHUTDOWN

100kΩ

MIC39150/39151

1.5A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator

General Description

The MIC39150 and MIC39151 are 1.5A low-dropout linear voltage regulators that provide a low voltage, high current output with a minimum of external components. Utilizing Micrel’s proprietary Super βeta PNP™ pass element, the MIC39150/1 offers extremely low dropout (typically 375mV at

1.5A) and low ground current (typically 17mA at 1.5A). The MIC39150/1 is ideal for PC add-in cards that need to

convert from 3.3V to 2.5V or 2.5V to 1.8V. A guaranteed maximum dropout voltage of 500mV over all operating conditions allows the MIC39150/1 to provide 2.5V from a supply as low as 3V or 1.8V from a supply as low as 2.3V. The MIC39150/1 also has fast transient response for heavy switching applications. This device requires only 10µF of output capacitance to maintain stability and achieve fast transient response

The MIC39150/1 is fully protected with overcurrent limiting, thermal shutdown, reversed-battery protection, reversedlead insertion, and reverse-leakage protection. The MIC39151 offers a TTL-logic compatible enable pin and an error flag that indicates undervoltage and over current conditions. Offered in fixed voltages of 2.5V and 1.8V, the MIC39150/1 comes in the TO-220 and TO-263 packages and is an ideal upgrade to older, NPN-based linear voltage regulators.

Features

• 1.5A minimum guaranteed output current

• 500mV maximum dropout voltage over temperature

Ideal for 3.0V to 2.5V conversion Ideal for 2.5 to 1.8V conversion

• 1% initial accuracy

• Low ground current

• Current limiting and Thermal shutdown

• Reversed-battery and reversed lead insertion protection

• Reversed-leakage protection

• Fast transient response

• TO-263 and TO-220 packaging

• TTL/CMOS compatible enable pin (MIC39151 only)

• Error flag output (MIC39151 only)

Applications

• Low-voltage digital ICs

• LDO linear regulator for PC add-in cards

• High-efficiency linear power supplies

• SMPS post regulator

• Low-voltage microcontrollers

• StrongARM™ processor supply

For applications requiring input voltage greater than 16V or automotive load dump protection, see the MIC29150/1/2/3 family.

Typical Application

MIC39150-2.5

IN OUT

3.3V GND

MIC39150

StrongARM is a trademark of Advanced RSIC Machines, Ltd.

Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com

May 2000 1 MIC39150/39151

OUT

2.5V

10µF tantalum

MIC39151

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

Ordering Information

Part Number Voltage Temperature Range Package

MIC39150-1.8BT 1.8V –40°C to +125°C 3-lead TO-220 MIC39150-1.8BU 1.8V –40°C to +125°C 3-lead TO-263 MIC39151-1.8BT 1.8V –40°C to +125°C 5-lead TO-220 MIC39151-1.8BU 1.8V –40°C to +125°C 5-lead TO-263 MIC39150-2.5BT 2.5V –40°C to +125°C 3-lead TO-220 MIC39150-2.5BU 2.5V –40°C to +125°C 3-lead TO-263 MIC39151-2.5BT 2.5V –40°C to +125°C 5-lead TO-220 MIC39151-2.5BU 2.5V –40°C to +125°C 5-lead TO-263

* order note & V

Pin Configuration

3 OUT

TAB

MIC39150-x.xBT

TO-220-3 (T)

TAB

MIC39151-x.xBT

TO-220-5 (T)

2 GND 1IN

5 FLG 4 OUT 3 GND 2IN 1EN

TAB

MIC39150-x.xBU

TO-263-3 (U)

TAB

MIC39151-x.xBU

TO-263-5 (U)

Pin Description

Pin Number Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function

MIC39150 MIC39151

1 EN Enable (Input): TTL/CMOS compatible input. Logic high = enable; logic low

or open = shutdown

1 2 IN Unregulated Input: +16V maximum supply.

2, TAB 3, TAB GND Ground: Ground pin and TAB are internally connected.

3 4 OUT Regulator Output

5 FLG Error Flag (Ouput): Open-collector output. Active low indicates an output

fault condition.

3 OUT 2 GND 1IN

5 FLG 4 OUT 3 GND 2IN 1EN

MIC39150/39151 2 May 2000

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Supply Voltage (V Enable Voltage (V Storage Temperature (T

Lead Temperature (soldering, 5 sec.) ....................... 260°C

ESD, Note 3

) ..................................... –20V to +20V

) ..................................................+20V

) ....................... –65°C to +150°C

Operating Ratings (Note 2)

Supply Voltage (V Enable Voltage (V Maximum Power Dissipation (P

Junction Temperature (TJ) ....................... –40°C to +125°C

Package Thermal Resistance

TO-263 (θ TO-220 (θ

JC JC

) .................................. +2.25V to +16V

) ..................................................+16V

)..................... Note 4

D(max)

) .........................................................2°C/W

Electrical Characteristics

VIN = V

Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units

OUT

∆V

OUT

GND

GND(do)

OUT(lim)

OUT(min)

Enable Input (MIC39151)

OUT(shdn)

Flag Output (MIC39151)

FLG(leak)

FLG(do)

FLG

+1V; VEN = 2.4V; TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C; unless noted

OUT

Output Voltage 10mA –11%

10mA ≤ I

Line Regulation I

= 10mA, V

OUT

Load Regulation VIN = V

≤ 1.5A, V

OUT

+ 1V, 10mA ≤ I

OUT

+ 1V ≤ VIN ≤ 8V –22%

OUT

+ 1V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V 0.06 0.5 %

≤ 1.5A, 0.2 1 %

OUT

/∆T Output Voltage Temp. Coefficient, 20 100 ppm/°C

Note 5

Dropout Voltage, Note 6 I

Ground Current, Note 7 I

Dropout Ground Pin Current VIN ≤ V Current Limit V

= 100mA, ∆V

OUT

= 750mA, ∆V

OUT

= 1.5A, ∆V

OUT

= 750mA, VIN = V

OUT

= 1.5A, VIN = V

OUT

OUT(nominal)

= 0V, VIN = V

OUT

= –1% 80 200 mV

OUT

= –1% 260 mV

OUT

= –1% 375 500 mV

OUT

+ 1V 4 20 mA

OUT

+ 1V 17 mA

OUT

– 0.5V, I

+ 1V 2.8 A

OUT

= 10mA 1.1 mA

OUT

Minimum Load Current 710mA

Enable Input Voltage logic low (off) 0.8 V

logic high (on) 2.25 V

Enable Input Current VEN = 2.25V 1 15 30 µA

75 µA

= 0.8V 2 µA

4 µA

Shutdown Output Current Note 8 10 20 µA

Output Leakage Current VOH = 16V 0.01 1 µA

2 µA

Output Low Voltage VIN = 2.250V, IOL, = 250µA, Note 9 180 300 mV

400 mV Low Threshold % of V High Threshold % of V

OUT OUT

93 %

99.2 %

Hysteresis 1%

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

Note 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. Note 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Note 4. P Note 5. Output voltage temperature coefficient is ∆V Note 6. V

Note 7. I Note 8. V Note 9. For a 2.5V device, V

= (T

D(max)

= VIN – V

voltage is the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage being 2.25V. Minimum input operating voltage is 2.25V.

is the quiescent current. IIN = I

GND

≤ 0.8V, VIN ≤ 8V, and V

– TA) ÷ θJA, where θJA depends upon the printed circuit layout. See “Applications Information.”

J(max)

OUT

when V

decreases to 98% of its nominal output voltage with VIN = V

OUT

+ I

GND

OUT

= 0V.

= 2.250V (device is in dropout).

OUT(worst case)

÷ (T

J(max)

– T

J(min)

) where T

is +125°C and T

J(max)

+ 1V. For output voltages below 2.25V, dropout

OUT

J(min)

is –40°C.

MIC39150/39151 4 May 2000

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

1E+1 1E+2 1E+3 1E+4 1E+5 1E+6

PSRR (dB)

FREQUENCY (Hz)

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

1.4

1.6

1.822.2

2.4

2.6

2.833.2

3.4

3.6

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

024681012

GROUND CURRENT (mA)

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

0.30

0.31

0.32

0.33

0.34

0.35

0.36

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

GROUND CURRENT (mA)

TEMPERATURE (°C)

Ground Current

vs. Temperature

LOAD

= 10mA

OUT

= 2.5V

OUT

= 1.8V

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (A)

TEMPERATURE (°C)

Short Circuit vs.

Temperature

typical 1.8V device

typical 2.5V device

Typical Characteristics

Power Supply

PSRR (dB)

Rejection Ratio

VIN = 3.3V V

= 2.5V

OUT

= 1.5A

LOAD

= 10µF

OUT

= 0

1E+1 1E+2 1E+3 1E+4 1E+5 1E+6

100

FREQUENCY (Hz)

10k

100k

Dropout Voltage

600

500

400

300

200

100

DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)

vs. Temperature

= 1.8V

OUT

= 2.5V

OUT

= 1.5A

LOAD

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

TEMPERATURE (°C)

Power Supply

Rejection Ratio

VIN = 3.3V V

= 2.5V

OUT

LOAD

OUT

= 0

100

10k

Dropout Characteristics

= 100mA

LOAD

= 1.5A

LOAD

= 750mA

LOAD

= 1.5A = 47µF

100k

Dropout Voltage

vs. Output Current

500

400

OUT

= 1.8V

= 2.5V

OUT

300

200

100

DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)

0 500 1000 1500

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

Ground Current

vs. Output Current

= 1.8V

OUT

GROUND CURRENT (mA)

0 250 500 750 10001250 1500

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

= 2.5V

OUT

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

GROUND CURRENT (mA)

0.2

0.0

May 2000 5 MIC39150/39151

Ground Current

vs. Supply Voltage

= 100mA

LOAD

= 10mA

LOAD

024681012

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

Ground Current

vs. Temperature

8 7 6 5

= 1.8V

OUT

3 2 1

GROUND CURRENT (mA)

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

TEMPERATURE (°C)

LOAD

= 2.5V

OUT

= 750mA

Ground Current

vs. Supply Voltage

= 1500mA

LOAD

= 1000mA

LOAD

= 750mA

LOAD

Ground Current

vs. Temperature

LOAD

OUT

= 2.5V

= 1.5A

= 1.8V

OUT

GROUND CURRENT (mA)

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

TEMPERATURE (°C)

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

Error Flag

Pull-Up Resistor

FLAG HIGH

FLAG VOLTAGE (V)

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 100010000

(OK)

RESISTANCE (kΩ)

VIN = 5V

FLAG LOW

(FAULT)

Functional Characteristics

Load Transient Response

VIN = 3.3V

= 2.5V

OUT

= 10µF

OUT

Enable Current

vs. Temperature

ENABLE CURRENT µA)

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120140

VIN = V

OUT

= 2.4V

TEMPERATURE (°C)

+ 1V

VIN = 3.3V

= 2.5V

OUT

= 47µF

OUT

Flag-Low Voltage

250

200

150

100

FLAG VOLTAGE (mV)

vs. Temperature

FLAG-LOW

VOLTAGE

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120140

TEMPERATURE (°C)

Load Transient Response

VIN = 2.25V R

= 22kΩ

PULL-UP

(500mV/div.)

OUTPUT VOL TAGE

(500mA/div.)

LOAD CURRENT

(50mV/div.)

OUT

OUTPUT VOL TAGE

LOAD

TIME (250µs/div.)

Load Transient Response

= 2.5V

= 10µF = 10mA

1.5A

100mA

3.3V

(500mV/div.)

OUTPUT VOL TAGE

(500mA/div.)

LOAD CURRENT

1.5A

10mA

TIME (250µs/div.)

(2V/div.)

INPUT VOL TAGE

TIME (500µs/div.)

MIC39150/39151 6 May 2000

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

Ref.

18V

O.V. I

LIMIT

Thermal

Shutdown

1.240V1.180V

EN*

FLAG*

GND

OUT

* MIC39151 only

Functional Diagram

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

Applications Information

The MIC39150/1 is a high-performance low-dropout voltage regulator suitable for moderate to high-current voltage regulator applications. Its 500mV dropout voltage at full load and overtemperature makes it especially valuable in batterypowered systems and as high-efficiency noise filters in postregulator applications. Unlike older NPN-pass transistor designs, where the minimum dropout voltage is limited by the base-to-emitter voltage drop and collector-to-emitter saturation voltage, dropout performance of the PNP output of these devices is limited only by the low VCE saturation voltage.

A trade-off for the low dropout voltage is a varying base drive requirement. Micrel’s Super βeta PNP™ process reduces this drive requirement to only 2% to 5% of the load current.

The MIC39150/1 regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions. Current limiting is provided. This limiting is linear; output current during overload conditions is constant. Thermal shutdown disables the device when the die temperature exceeds the maximum safe operating temperature. Transient protection allows device (and load) survival even when the input voltage spikes above and below nominal. The output structure of these regulators allows voltages in excess of the desired output voltage to be applied without reverse current flow.

MIC39150-x.x

IN OUT

GND

Figure 1. Capacitor Requirements

Thermal Design

Linear regulators are simple to use. The most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. Thermal design requires the following application-specific parameters:

• Maximum ambient temperature (TA)

• Output Current (I

• Output Voltage (V

OUT

)

• Input Voltage (VIN)

• Ground Current (I

GND

First, calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this datasheet.

PD = (VIN – V

OUT) IOUT

+ V

where the ground current is approximated by using numbers from the “Electrical Characteristics” or “Typical Characteristics.” Then the heat sink thermal resistance is determined with this formula:

θθθ

Where T

J (max)

−

J(max) A

−+

()

JC CS

≤ 125°C and θCS is between 0° and 2°C/W.

The heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the minimum input voltage is known and is large

)

IN IGND

OUT

compared with the dropout voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. The low dropout properties of Micrel Super βeta PNP regulators allow significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising performance. When this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 1µF is needed directly between the input and regulator ground.

Refer to

Application Note 9

for further details and examples

on thermal design and heat sink specification.

Output Capacitor

The MIC39150/1 requires an output capacitor to maintain stability and improve transient response. Proper capacitor selection is important to ensure proper operation. The MIC39150/1 output capacitor selection is dependent upon the ESR (equivalent series resistance) of the output capacitor to maintain stability. When the output capacitor is 10µF or greater, the output capacitor should have an ESR less than 2Ω. This will improve transient response as well as promote stability. Ultralow ESR capacitors (<100mΩ), such as ceramic chip capacitors may promote instability. These very low ESR levels may cause an oscillation and/or underdamped transient response. A low-ESR solid tantalum capacitor works extremely well and provides good transient response and stability over temperature. Aluminum electrolytics can also be used, as long as the ESR of the capacitor is < 2Ω.

The value of the output capacitor can be increased without limit. Higher capacitance values help to improve transient response and ripple rejection and reduce output noise.

Input Capacitor

An input capacitor of 1µF or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4 inches away from the bulk ac supply capacitance, or when the supply is a battery. Small, surfacemount, ceramic chip capacitors can be used for the bypassing. The capacitor should be placed within 1" of the device for optimal performance. Larger values will help to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator, further improving the integrity of the output voltage.

Transient Response and 3.3V to 2.5V or 2.5V to 1.8V Conversion

The MIC39150/1 has excellent transient response to variations in input voltage and load current. The device has been designed to respond quickly to load current variations and input voltage variations. Large output capacitors are not required to obtain this performance. A standard 10µF output capacitor, preferably tantalum, is all that is required. Larger values help to improve performance even further.

By virtue of its low-dropout voltage, this device does not saturate into dropout as readily as similar NPN-based designs. When converting from 3.3V to 2.5V, or 2.5V to 1.8V, the NPN-based regulators are already operating in dropout, with typical dropout requirements of 1.2V or greater. To convert down to 2.5V without operating in dropout, NPN-based regulators require an input voltage of 3.7V at the very least. The MIC39150/1 regulator will provide excellent performance with an input as low as 3.0V or 2.5V, respectively. This gives

MIC39150/39151 8 May 2000

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

the PNP-based regulators a distinct advantage over older, NPN-based linear regulators.

Minimum Load Current

The MIC39150 regulator is specified between finite loads. If the output current is too small, leakage currents dominate and the output voltage rises. A 10mA minimum load current is necessary for proper regulation.

Error Flag

The MIC39151 version features an error flag circuit which monitors the output voltage and signals an error condition when the voltage 5% below the nominal output voltage. The error flag is an open-collector output that can sink 10mA during a fault condition.

Low output voltage can be caused by a number of problems, including an overcurrent fault (device in current limit) or low input voltage. The flag is inoperative during overtemperature shutdown.

Enable Input

The MIC39151 version features an enable input for on/off control of the device. Its shutdown state draws “zero” current (only microamperes of leakage). The enable input is TTL/ CMOS compatible for simple logic interface, but can be connected to up to 20V. When enabled, it draws approximately 15µA.

May 2000 9 MIC39150/39151

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

Package Information

0.151 D ±0.005

0.108 ±0.005

0.818 ±0.005 (20.78 ±0.13)

(2.74 ±0.13)

0.410 ±0.010 (10.41 ±0.25)

(3.84 D ±0.13)

0.356 ±0.005 (9.04 ±0.13)

0.176 ±0.005 (4.47 ±0.13)

0.590 ±0.005 (14.99 ±0.13)

0.050 ±0.005 (1.27 ±0.13)

7°

0.050 ±0.003 (1.27 ±.08)

0.100 ±0.005 (2.54 ±0.13)

0.108 ±0.005 (2.74 ±0.13)

0.030 ±0.003 (0.76 ±0.08)

3-Lead TO-220 (T)

0.150 D ±0.005 (3.81 D ±0.13)

0.400 ±0.015 (10.16 ±0.38)

0.578 ±0.018 (14.68 ±0.46)

1.140 ±0.010 (28.96 ±0.25)

0.018 ±0.008 (0.46 ±0.020)

0.241 ±0.017 (6.12 ±0.43)

7°

3°

DIMENSIONS:

0.177 ±0.008 (4.50 ±0.20)

0.050 ±0.005 (1.27 ±0.13)

SEATING PLANE

0.100 ±0.020 (2.54 ±0.51)

INCH (MM)

7°

Typ.

0.550 ±0.010 (13.97 ±0.25)

0.067 ±0.005 (1.70 ±0.127)

0.268 REF (6.81 REF)

0.032 ±0.005 (0.81 ±0.13)

0.018 ±0.008 (0.46 ±0.20)

Dimensions:

0.103 ±0.013 (2.62±0.33)

inch

(mm)

5-Lead TO-220-5 (T)

MIC39150/39151 10 May 2000

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

0.405±0.005

0.065±0.010 20°±2°

0.100 BSC 0.050

DIM. = INCH

0.405±0.005

0.065±0.010 20°±2°

0.050±0.005

0.360±0.005

0.600±0.025

0.015 ±0.002

3-Lead TO-263 (U)

0.050±0.005

0.360±0.005

0.600±0.025

8° MAX

0.176±0.005

0.050±0.005

SEATING PLANE

+0.004

0.004

–0.008

0.100±0.01

0.176±0.005

0.060±0.005

SEATING PLANE

+0.004

0.004

–0.008

0.067±0.005 0.032 ±0.003

DIM. = INCH

5-Lead TO-263-5 (U)

8° MAX

0.015 ±0.002

0.100±0.01

May 2000 11 MIC39150/39151

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MIC39150/39151 Micrel

MICREL INC. 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA

TEL + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 944-0970 WEB http://www.micrel.com

This information is believed to be accurate and reliable, however no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use nor for any infringement of patents or

other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Micrel Inc.

MIC39150/39151 12 May 2000