Datasheet MC13156DW, MC13156FB Datasheet (Motorola)

Page 1
   
The MC13156 is a wideband FM IF subsystem targeted at high performance data and analog applications. Excellent high frequency performance is achieved at low cost using Motorola’s MOSAIC 1.5bipolar process. The MC13156 has an onboard grounded collector VCO transistor that may be used with a fundamental or overtone crystal in single channel operation or with a PLL in multichannel operation. The mixer is useful to 500 MHz and may be used in a balanced–differential, or single–ended configuration. The IF amplifier is split to accommodate two low cost cascaded filters. RSSI output is derived by summing the output of both IF sections. A precision data shaper has a hold function to preset the shaper for fast recovery of new data.
Applications for the MC13156 include CT–2, wideband data links and other radio systems utilizing GMSK, FSK or FM modulation.
2.0 to 6.0 Vdc Operation
Typical Sensitivity at 200 MHz of 2.0 µV for 12 dB SINAD
RSSI Dynamic Range Typically 80 dB
High Performance Data Shaper for Enhanced CT–2 Operation
Internal 330 and 1.4 k Terminations for 10.7 MHz and 455 kHz Filters
Split IF for Improved Filtering and Extended RSSI Range
3rd Order Intercept (Input) of –25 dBm (Input Matched)
Order this document by MC13156/D

WIDEBAND FM IF
ANALOG APPLICATIONS
SEMICONDUCTOR
TECHNICAL DATA
DW SUFFIX
24
1
FB SUFFIX
PLASTIC QFP PACKAGE
CASE 873
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751E
(SO–24L)
32
1
Simplified Block Diagram
DS
DS
Data
V
EE1
Mix Out
CAR
Det
V
CC1
Bias
RSSI
IF In
LO
LO
Emit
In
Mixer
RF
RF
In 2
In 1
NOTE: Pin Numbers shown for SOIC package only. Refer to Pin Assignments Table.
This device contains 197 active transistors.
V
EE2
IF
DEC 1
DS
Hold
IF Amp
DEC 2
18192022 1314151617212324
IF
Data
Slicer
Out
Out
Bias
IF
Gnd
V
CC2
In
LIM Amp
LIM
In
Demod
11
LIM
DEC 1
Quad
Coil
1210987654321
LIM
DEC 2
5.0 pF
PIN CONNECTIONS
Function
RF Input 1 RF Input 2 Mixer Output V
CC1
IF Amp Input IF Amp Decoupling 1 IF Amp Decoupling 2 VCC Connect (N/C Internal) IF Amp Output V
CC2
Limiter IF Input Limiter Decoupling 1 Limiter Decoupling 2 VCC Connect (N/C Internal) Quad Coil Demodulator Output Data Slicer Input VCC Connect (N/C Internal) Data Slicer Ground Data Slicer Output Data Slicer Hold V
EE2
RSSI Output/Carrier Detect In Carrier Detect Output V
and Substrate
EE1
LO Emitter LO Base VCC Connect (N/C Internal)
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
MC13156DW MC13156FB
Temperature Range
TA = –40 to +85°C
SO–24L QFP
Operating
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 – 8
9 10 11 12
– 13 14 15
– 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
31 32
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11
12, 13, 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28, 29, 30
Package
SO–24L
QFP
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Motorola, Inc. 1998 Rev 2.1
1
Page 2
MC13156
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Pin Symbol Value Unit
Power Supply Voltage 16, 19, 22 V Junction Temperature T Storage Temperature Range T
NOTES: 1. Devices should not be operated at or outside these values. The “Recommended Operating
Conditions” table provides for actual device operation.
2.ESD data available upon request.
EE(max)
J(max)
stg
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Rating Pin Symbol Value Unit
Power Supply Voltage @ TA = 25°C 4, 9 V
–40°C TA +85°C 16, 19, 22 V Input Frequency 1, 2 f Ambient Temperature Range T Input Signal Level 1, 2 V
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (T
Characteristic
Total Drain Current (See Figure 2) 19, 22 I
VEE = –2.0 Vdc 4.8
VEE = –3.0 Vdc 3.0 5.0 8.0
VEE = –5.0 Vdc 5.2
VEE = –6.0 Vdc 5.4 – Drain Current, I22 (See Figure 3) 22 I
VEE = –2.0 Vdc 3.0
VEE = –3.0 Vdc 3.1
VEE = –5.0 Vdc 3.3
VEE = –6.0 Vdc 3.4 – Drain Current, I19 (See Figure 3) 19 I
VEE = –2.0 Vdc 1.8
VEE = –3.0 Vdc 1.9
VEE = –5.0 Vdc 1.9
VEE = –6.0 Vdc 2.0
DATA SLICER (Input Voltage Referenced to VEE = –3.0 Vdc, no input signal; See Figure 15.)
Input Threshold Voltage (High Vin) 15 V Output Current (Low Vin) 17 I
Data Slicer Enabled (No Hold)
V15 > 1.1 Vdc
V18 = 0 Vdc
= 25°C, V
A
CC1
= V
–6.5 Vdc
150 °C
–65 to +150 °C
CC EE
in
A in
= 0, no input signal.)
CC2
Pin Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Total
22
19
15
17
1.0 1.1 1.2 Vdc – 1.7 mA
0 (Ground) Vdc
–2.0 to –6.0
500 MHz
–40 to +85 °C
200 mVrms
mA
mA
mA
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (T
circuit, unless otherwise specified.)
Characteristic
12 dB SINAD Sensitivity (See Figures 17, 23) 1, 14 –100 dBm
fin = 144.45 MHz; f
MIXER
Conversion Gain 1, 3 22 dB
Pin = –37 dBm (Figure 4)
Mixer Input Impedance 1, 2 R
Single–Ended (T able 1) C
Mixer Output Impedance 3 330
IF AMPLIFIER SECTION
IF RSSI Slope (Figure 6) 20 0.2 0.4 0.6 µA/dB IF Gain (Figure 5) 5, 8 39 dB Input Impedance 5 1.4 k Output Impedance 8 290
= 1.0 kHz; f
mod
dev
2
= 25°C, VEE = –3.0 Vdc, fRF = 130 MHz, fLO = 140.7 MHz, Figure 1 test
A
Pin Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
= ±75 kHz
p p
1.0 k 4.0 pF
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 3
MC13156
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (T
circuit, unless otherwise specified.)
Characteristic UnitMaxTypMinSymbolPin
LIMITING AMPLIFIER SECTION
Limiter RSSI Slope (Figure 7) 20 0.2 0.4 0.6 µA/dB Limiter Gain 55 dB Input Impedance 10 1.4 k
CARRIER DETECT
Output Current – Carrier Detect (High Vin) 21 0 µA Output Current – Carrier Detect (Low Vin) 21 3.0 mA Input Threshold Voltage – Carrier Detect 20 0.9 1.2 1.4 Vdc
Input Voltage Referenced to VEE = –3.0 Vdc
= 25°C, VEE = –3.0 Vdc, fRF = 130 MHz, fLO = 140.7 MHz, Figure 1 test
A
RF Input 130MHz
Mixer
Output
IF Input
IF Output
Limiter
Input
SMA
(1)
1:4
TR 1
330
50
1.0 n
330
50
1.0 n
200
1.0 n
1.0 n
1.0 n
10
11
1.0 n 12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Figure 1. T est Circuit
MC13156
Mixer
V
CC
V
CC
LIM Amp
Bias
IF Amp
Bias
Data
Slicer
5.0 p
Local Oscillator
1.0
1.0
µ
µ
Input
140.7MHz 200m Vrms
A
A
A
A
A
V
Carrier Detect
V
EE
Data Slicer Hold
50
24
23
22
V
EE
V
V
EE
EE
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
100 n
RSSI Output
100 n
Data Output
1.0 n
1.0 n
1.0 n
100 k
100 k
+
+
1.0 n100 n
NOTES: 1. TR 1 Coilcraft 1:4 impedance transformer.
2.VCC is DC Ground.
3.1.5 µH variable shielded inductor: T oko Part # 292SNS–T1373 or Equivalent.
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
150 p
(3)
1.0 µH
3
Page 4
MC13156
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DISTRIBUTION CENTER
4
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 5
Figure 2. Total Drain Current versus Supply
V oltage and Temperature
6.5
(mA)
6.0
TOTAL
I
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
TOTAL DRAIN CURRENT,
3.5
1.0
2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 VEE, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (–Vdc)
Figure 4. Mixer Gain versus Input Signal Level
25.0
TA = 85°C
55°C 25°C
–10°C
–40°C
MC13156
Figure 3. Drain Currents versus Supply V oltage
4.0 TA = 25°C
3.6
3.2
2.8
2.4
DRAIN CURRENTS (mA)
22
I
,
2.0
19
I
1.6
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 VEE, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (–Vdc)
I
22
I
19
Figure 5. IF Amplifier Gain versus Input
Signal Level and Ambient T emperature
40
22.5
20.0 TA = 25°C
17.5
15.0
MIXER GAIN (dB)
12.5
10.0
–90
–80 –70 –60 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10
Pin, RF INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL (dBm)
Figure 6. IF Amplifier RSSI Output Current versus
Input Signal Level and Ambient T emperature
µ
IF AMPLIFIER RSSI CURRENT ( A)
20.0
17.5
15.0
12.5
10.0
7.5
5.0
2.5
–50
0
VEE = –5.0 Vdc f = 10.7 MHz
–40 –30 –20 –10 0 10
Pin, IF INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL (dBm)
TA = 25° to 85°C
–10°C –40°C
38 36 34 32 30
IF AMPLIFIER GAIN (dB)
VEE = –5.0 Vdc
28
f = 10.7 MHz
26
–65
–60 –55 –50 –45 –40 –35 –30
Pin, IF INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL (dBm)
Figure 7. Limiter Amplifier RSSI Output Current
versus Input Signal Level and T emperature
µ
30
VEE = – 5.0 Vdc f = 10.7 MHz
25
20
15
10
5.0
0
–70
LIMITER AMPLIFIER RSSI OUTPUT CURRENT ( A)
–60 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10
Pin, INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL (dBm)
TA = 25° to 85°C
85°C 55°C
25°C –10°C –40°C
–10°C
–40°C
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
5
Page 6
MC13156
32 k
32 k
290
Detect
Carrier
out
IF
8
Figure 8.
Output
21
RSSI
Out
20
µ
400
µ
28
Demod
14
17
DS
Output
in
DS
15
Gnd
DS
16
DSHold
18
64 k64 k
64 k
Data Slicer
16 k
1.4 k 5
7
6
dec1
IF
Figure 8. MC13156DW Internal Circuit Schematic
1.0 k 1.0 k
dec2
IF
in
IF
Mix
330
Output
3
in2
RF
in1
RF
2
1
13
coil
Quad
5.0 p
Linear Amplifier Quadrature Detector
4
CC1
V
Local Oscillator Mixer IF Amplifier RSSI Carrier Detect
base
O
24
23
emitter
EE1
V
22
6
CC2
V
9
11
dec1IMdec2
IM
12
10
in
LIM
EE2
V
19
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 7
MC13156
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
General
The MC13156 is a low power single conversion wideband FM receiver incorporating a split IF . This device is designated for use as the backend in digital FM systems such as CT–2 and wideband data links with data rates up to 500 kbaud. It contains a mixer, oscillator, signal strength meter drive, IF amplifier, limiting IF, quadrature detector and a data slicer with a hold function (refer to Figure 8, Simplified Internal Circuit Schematic).
Current Regulation
Temperature compensating voltage independent current regulators are used throughout.
Mixer
The mixer is a double–balanced four quadrant multiplier and is designed to work up to 500 MHz. It can be used in differential or in single–ended mode by connecting the other input to the positive supply rail.
Figure 4 shows the mixer gain and saturated output response as a function of input signal drive. The circuit used to measure this is shown in Figure 1. The linear gain of the mixer is approximately 22 dB. Figure 9 shows the mixer gain versus the IF output frequency with the local oscillator of 150 MHz at 100 mVrms LO drive level. The RF frequency is swept. The sensitivity of the IF output of the mixer is shown in Figure 10 for an RF input drive of 10 mVrms at 140 MHz and IF at 10 MHz.
The single–ended parallel equivalent input impedance of the mixer is Rp ~ 1.0 k and Cp ~ 4.0 pF (see Table 1 for details). The buffered output of the mixer is internally loaded resulting in an output impedance of 330 .
Local Oscillator
The on–chip transistor operates with crystal and LC resonant elements up to 220 MHz. Series resonant, overtone crystals are used to achieve excellent local oscillator stability . 3rd overtone crystals are used through about 65 to 70 MHz. Operation from 70 MHz up to 180 MHz is feasible using the on–chip transistor with a 5th or 7th overtone crystal. To enhance operation using an overtone crystal, the internal transistor’s bias is increased by adding an external resistor from Pin 23 to VEE. –10 dBm of local oscillator drive is needed to adequately drive the mixer (Figure 10).
The oscillator configurations specified above, and two others using an external transistor, are described in the application section:
1) A 133 MHz oscillator multiplier using a 3rd overtone
1) crystal, and
2) A 307.8 to 309.3 MHz manually tuned, varactor controlled
2) local oscillator.
RSSI
The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) output is a current proportional to the log of the received signal
amplitude. The RSSI current output is derived by summing the currents from the IF and limiting amplifier stages. An external resistor at Pin 20 sets the voltage range or swing of the RSSI output voltage. Linearity of the RSSI is optimized by using external ceramic or crystal bandpass filters which have an insertion loss of 8.0 dB. The RSSI circuit is designed to provide 70+ dB of dynamic range with temperature compensation (see Figures 6 and 7 which show RSSI responses of the IF and Limiter amplifiers). Variation in the RSSI output current with supply voltage is small (see Figure 1 1).
Carrier Detect
When the meter current flowing through the meter load resistance reaches 1.2 Vdc above ground, the comparator flips, causing the carrier detect output to go high. Hysteresis can be accomplished by adding a very large resistor for positive feedback between the output and the input of the comparator.
IF Amplifier
The first IF amplifier section is composed of three differential stages with the second and third stages contributing to the RSSI. This section has internal dc feedback and external input decoupling for improved symmetry and stability. The total gain of the IF amplifier block is approximately 39 dB at 10.7 MHz. Figure 5 shows the gain and saturated output response of the IF amplifier over temperature, while Figure 12 shows the IF amplifier gain as a function of the IF frequency.
The fixed internal input impedance is 1.4 k. It is designed for applications where a 455 kHz ceramic filter is used and no external output matching is necessary since the filter requires a 1.4 k source and load impedance.
For 10.7 MHz ceramic filter applications, an external 430 Ω resistor must be added in parallel to provide the equivalent load impedance of 330 that is required by the filter; however, no external matching is necessary at the input since the mixer output matches the 330 source impedance of the filter. For 455 kHz applications, an external 1.1 k resistor must be added in series with the mixer output to obtain the required matching impedance of 1.4 k of the filter input resistance. Overall RSSI linearity is dependent on having total midband attenuation of 12 dB (6.0 dB insertion loss plus 6.0 dB impedance matching loss) for the filter. The output of the IF amplifier is buffered and the impedance is 290 Ω.
Limiter
The limiter section is similar to the IF amplifier section except that four stages are used with the last three contributing to the RSSI. The fixed internal input impedance is 1.4 k. The total gain of the limiting amplifier section is approximately 55 dB. This IF limiting amplifier section internally drives the quadrature detector section.
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
7
Page 8
Figure 9. Mixer Gain versus IF Frequency
20
15
VEE = –3.0 Vdc Vin = 1.0 mVrms (–47 dBm)
10
RO = 330 Rin = 50 BW(3.0 dB) = 21.7 MHz
5.0
fIF = fLO – f
–5.0
0
0.1
fLO = 150 MHz VLO = 100 mVrms
MIXER GAIN (dB)
Figure 11. RSSI Output Current versus
Supply V oltage and RF Input Signal Level
40
Vin =
35
µ
–20 dBm
30
–40 dBm
25
–60 dBm
20 15
–80 dBm
10
RSSI OUTPUT CURRENT ( A)
–100 dBm
,
5.0
20
I
0
1.0
2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
RF
1.0 10 100
fIF, IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
VEE, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (–Vdc)
TA = 25°C
MC13156
Figure 10. Mixer IF Output Level versus
Local Oscillator Input Level
–5.0
–10 –15 –20 –25 –30 –35
MIXER IF OUTPUT LEVEL (dBm)
–40 –45
–50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10
VEE = –3.0 Vdc
°
C
TA = 25
fRF = 140 MHz; fLO = 150 MHz RF Input Level = –27 dBm (10 mVrms)
Rin = 50
LO DRIVE (dBm)
; RO = 330
Figure 12. IF Amplifier Gain versus IF Frequency
60
50
40
30
Vin = 100 µV
20
IF AMPLIFIER GAIN (dB)
10
0
0.1
Rin = 50 RO = 330 BW(3.0 dB) = 26.8 MHz TA = 25
1.0 10 100 f, FREQUENCY (MHz)
°
C
Figure 13. Recovered Audio Output Voltage
versus Supply V oltage
400
300
200
f
= 1.0 kHz
mod
±
75 kHz
f
=
dev
100
RECOVERED AUDIO OUTPUT (mVrms)V ,
14
0
1.0
2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 VEE, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (–Vdc)
8
fRF = 140 MHz RF Input Level = 1.0 mVrms
°
C
TA = 25
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 9
MC13156
Quadrature Detector
The quadrature detector is a doubly balanced four quadrant multiplier with an internal 5.0 pF quadrature capacitor to couple the IF signal to the external parallel RLC resonant circuit that provides the 90 degree phase shift and drives the quadrature detector. A single pin (Pin 13) provides for the external LC parallel resonant network and the internal connection to the quadrature detector.
The bandwidth of the detector allows for recovery of relatively high data rate modulation. The recovered signal is converted from differential to single ended through a push–pull NPN/PNP output stage. Variation in recovered audio output voltage with supply voltage is very small (see Figure 13). The output drive capability is approximately ±9.0 µA for a frequency deviation of ±75 kHz and 1.0 kHz modulating frequency (see Application Circuit).
Data Slicer
The data slicer input (Pin 15) is self centering around 1.1 V with clamping occurring at 1.1 ± 0.5 Vbe Vdc. It is designed to square up the data signal. Figure 14 shows a detailed schematic of the data slicer.
The Voltage Regulator Q12,
the Differential Input Amplifier. There is a potential of
1.0 Vbe on the base–collector of transistor diode Q11 and
2.0 Vbe on the base–collector of Q10. This sets up a 1.5 V (~ 1.1 Vdc) on the node between the 36 k resistors which is connected to the base of Q12. The differential output of the data slicer Q12 and Q13 is converted to a single–ended output by the Driver Circuit. Additional circuitry, not shown in Figure 14, tends to keep the data slicer input centered at
1.1 Vdc as input signal levels vary.
The Input Diode Clamp Circuit provides the clamping at
1.0 Vbe (0.75 Vdc) and 2.0 Vbe (1.45 Vdc). Transistor diodes Q7 and Q8 are on, thus, providing a 2.0 Vbe potential at the base of Q1. Also, the voltage regulator circuit provides a potential of 2.0 Vbe on the base of Q3 and 1.0 Vbe on the emitter of Q3 and Q2. When the data slicer input (Pin 15) is
sets up 1.1 Vdc on the base of
be
pulled up, Q1 turns off; Q2 turns on, thereby clamping the input at 2.0 Vbe. On the other hand, when Pin 15 is pulled down, Q1 turns on; Q2 turns off, thereby clamping the input at
1.0 Vbe. The recovered data signal from the quadrature detector is
ac coupled to the data slicer via an input coupling capacitor. The size of this capacitor and the nature of the data signal determine how faithfully the data slicer shapes up the recovered signal. The time constant is short for large peak to peak voltage swings or when there is a change in dc level at the detector output. For small signal or for continuous bits of the same polarity which drift close to the threshold voltage, the time constant is longer. When centered there is no input current allowed, which is to say, that the input looks high in impedance.
Another unique feature of the data slicer is that it responds
to various logic levels applied to the Data Slicer Hold Control pin (Pin 18). Figure 15 illustrates how the input and output currents under “no hold” condition relate to the input voltage. Figure 16 shows how the input current and input voltage relate for both the “no hold” and “hold” condition.
The hold control (Pin18) does three separate tasks:
1) With Pin 18 at 1.0 Vbe or greater, the output is shut off
(sets high). Q19 turns on which shunts the base drive from Q20, thereby turning the output off.
2) With Pin 18 at 2.0 Vbe or greater, internal clamping diodes
are open circuited and the comparator input is shut off and effectively open circuited. This is accomplished by turning off the current source to emitters of the input differential amplifier, thus, the input differential amplifier is shut off.
3) When the input is shut off, it allows the input capacitor to
hold its charge during transmit to improve recovery at the beginning of the next receive period. When it is turned on, it allows for very fast charging of the input capacitor for quick recovery of new tuning or data average. The above features are very desirable in a TDD digital FM system.
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
9
Page 10
MC13156
Figure 14. Data Slicer Circuit
DS In
15
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
32 k
Q6
Q8
Q7
Q9
Q10
Q11
36 k
36 k
9
V
CC
Q12 Q13
8.0 k8.0 k
Q14
Q16
Q15
Q17
Data Out
17
Q20
16
DS Gnd
Q18
Q19
V
EE
19
Input Diode
Clamp Circuit
(Q1 to Q9)
16 k16 k
Voltage
Regulator
(Q10, Q11)
Figure 15. Data Slicer Input/Output Currents
versus Input V oltage
0.5
0.3
0.1
–0.1
INPUT CURRENT (mA)I ,
15
–0.3
–0.5
0.6
Output Current (I17)
Input Current (I15)
0.8 1.0 1.2 V15, INPUT VOLTAGE (Vdc)
VEE = –3.0 Vdc V18 = 0 Vdc (No Hold)
1.4 1.6 1.8
2.5
1.5
0.5
–0.5
–1.5
–2.5
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)I ,
17
64 k
Differential
Input Amplifier
(Q12, Q13)
64 k
Driver and
Output Circuit
(Q14, Q20)
Figure 16. Data Slicer Input Current
versus Input V oltage
150
VEE = –3.0 Vdc
100
µ
50
0
INPUT CURRENT ( A)I ,
15
–50
–100
Hold
–1.0 –0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
V15, INPUT VOLTAGE (Vdc)
No Hold
64 k
No Hold V18 = 0 Vdc
18
DS Hold
Hold V
≥ 1O
18
2.5 3.0
10
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 11
MC13156
Figure 17. MC13156DW Application Circuit
144.455 MHz RF Input
V
CC
SMA
(2) 10.7 MHz
Ceramic
Filter
10 n
430
(2) 10.7 MHz
Ceramic
Filter
10 n
430
50 p7.5 p
(1)
0.1
µ
10 n
10 n
10 n
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
V
CC
V
CC
LIM Amp
Mixer
IF Amp
MC13156
Bias
Data
Slicer
Bias
5.0 p
(6)
0.146
µ
24
470
23
10 n
22
V
EE
21
20
47 k
19
V
EE
18
17
16
V
EE
100 n
15
180 p
14
13
+
1.0
MMBR5179
68 p
43 p
133.755 MHz Osc/Tripler
100 k
10 n
10 n
10 k
100 k
100 k
µ
15 k 100 p
5.6 k
(5) 0.82
1.0 k
Carrier Detect
RSSI Output
Data Slicer Hold
Data Output
µ
(4) 3rd O.T. XTAL
NOTES: 1. 0.1 µH V ariable Shielded Inductor: Coilcraft part # M1283–A or equivalent.
2.10.7 MHz Ceramic Filter: T oko part # SK107M5–A0–10X or Murata Erie part # SFE10.7MHY–A.
3.1.5 µH Variable Shielded Inductor: Toko part # 292SNS–T1373.
4.3rd Overtone, Series Resonant, 25 PPM Crystal at 44.585 MHz.
5.0.814 µH Variable Shielded Inductor: Coilcraft part # 143–18J12S.
6.0.146 µH Variable Inductor: Coilcraft part # 146–04J08.
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
150 p
+
1.0
(3)
1.5
10 k
µ
µ
V
CC
11
Page 12
MC13156
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Component Selection
The evaluation PC board is designed to accommodate specific components, while also being versatile enough to use components from various manufacturers and coil types. Figures NO TAG and NO TAG show the placement for the components specified in the application circuit (Figure 17). The applications circuit schematic specifies particular components that were used to achieve the results shown in the typical curves and tables but equivalent components should give similar results.
Input Matching Networks/Components
The input matching circuit shown in the application circuit schematic is passive high pass network which offers effective image rejection when the local oscillator is below the RF input frequency. Silver mica capacitors are used for their high Q and tight tolerance. The PC board is not dedicated to any particular input matching network topology; space is provided for the designer to breadboard as desired.
Alternate matching networks using 4:1 surface mount transformers or BALUN
S provide satisfactory performance.
The 12 dB SINAD sensitivity using the above matching networks is typically –100 dBm for f f
= ±75 kHz at fIN = 144.45 MHz and f
dev
= 1.0 kHz and
mod
= 133.75 MHz
OSC
(see Figure 23).
It is desirable to use a SAW filter before the mixer to provide additional selectivity and adjacent channel rejection and improved sensitivity. The SAW filter should be designed to interface with the mixer input impedance of approximately
1.0 k. Table 1 displays the series equivalent single–ended mixer input impedance.
Local Oscillators VHF Applications – The local oscillator circuit shown in the
application schematic utilizes a third overtone crystal and an RF transistor. Selecting a transistor having good phase noise performance is important; a mandatory criteria is for the
device to have good linearity of beta over several decades of collector current. In other words, if the low current beta is suppressed, it will not offer good 1/f noise performance. A third overtone series resonant crystal having at least 25 ppm tolerance over the operating temperature is recommended. The local oscillator is an impedance inversion third overtone Colpitts network and harmonic generator. In this circuit a 560 to 1.0 k resistor shunts the crystal to ensure that it operates in its overtone mode; thus, a blocking capacitor is needed to eliminate the dc path to ground. The resulting parallel LC network should “free–run” near the crystal frequency if a short to ground is placed across the crystal. To provide sufficient output loading at the collector, a high Q variable inductor is used that is tuned to self resonate at the 3rd harmonic of the overtone crystal frequency.
The on–chip grounded collector transistor may be used for HF and VHF local oscillator with higher order overtone crystals. Figure 18 shows a 5th overtone oscillator at
93.3 MHz and Figure 19 shows a 7th overtone oscillator at
148.3 MHz. Both circuits use a Butler overtone oscillator configuration. The amplifier is an emitter follower . The crystal is driven from the emitter and is coupled to the high impedance base through a capacitive tap network. Operation at the desired overtone frequency is ensured by the parallel resonant circuit formed by the variable inductor and the tap capacitors and parasitic capacitances of the on–chip transistor and PC board. The variable inductor specified in the schematic could be replaced with a high tolerance, high Q ceramic or air wound surface mount component if the other components have good tolerances. A variable inductor provides an adjustment for gain and frequency of the resonant tank ensuring lock up and startup of the crystal oscillator. The overtone crystal is chosen with ESR of typically 80 and 120 maximum; if the resistive loss in the crystal is too high, the performance of the oscillator may be impacted by lower gain margins.
12
T able 1. Mixer Input Impedance Data
(Single–ended configuration, VCC = 3.0 Vdc, local oscillator drive = 100 mVrms)
Series Equivalent
Frequency
(MHz)
90 190 – j380 950 4.7
100 160 – j360 970 4.4
110 130 – j340 1020 4.2 120 110 – j320 1040 4.2 130 97 – j300 1030 4.0 140 82 – j280 1040 4.0 150 71 – j270 1100 4.0 160 59 – j260 1200 3.9 170 52 – j240 1160 3.9 180 44 – j230 1250 3.8 190 38 – j220 1300 3.8
Complex Impedance
(R + jX)
()
Parallel
Resistance
Rp ()
Parallel
Capacitance
Cp
(pF)
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 13
MC13156
A series LC network to ground (which is VCC) is comprised of the inductance of the base lead of the on–chip transistor and PC board traces and tap capacitors. Parasitic oscillations often occur in the 200 to 800 MHz range. A small resistor is placed in series with the base (Pin 24) to cancel the negative resistance associated with this undesired mode of oscillation. Since the base input impedance is so large a small resistor in the range of 27 to 68 has very little effect on the desired Butler mode of oscillation.
The crystal parallel capacitance, Co, provides a feedback path that is low enough in reactance at frequencies of 5th overtone or higher to cause trouble. Co has little effect near resonance because of the low impedance of the crystal motional arm (Rm–Lm–Cm). As the tunable inductor which forms the resonant tank with the tap capacitors is tuned off the crystal resonant frequency, it may be difficult to tell if the oscillation is under crystal control. Frequency jumps may occur as the inductor is tuned. In order to eliminate this behavior an inductor (Lo) is placed in parallel with the crystal. Lo is chosen to resonant with the crystal parallel capacitance (Co) at the desired operation frequency. The inductor provides a feedback path at frequencies well below resonance; however, the parallel tank network of the tap capacitors and tunable inductor prevent oscillation at these frequencies.
UHF Application
Figure 20 shows a 318.5 to 320 MHz receiver which drives the mixer with an external varactor controlled (307.8 to
309.3 MHz) LC oscillator using an MPS901 (RF low power transistor in a TO–92 plastic package; also MMBR901 is available in a SOT–23 surface mount package). With the 50 k 10 turn potentiometer this oscillator is tunable over a range of approximately 1.5 MHz. The MMBV909L is a low
voltage varactor suitable for UHF applications; it is a dual back–to–back varactor in a SOT–23 package. The input matching network uses a 1:4 impedance matching transformer (Recommended sources are Mini–Circuits and Coilcraft).
Using the same IF ceramic filters and quadrature detector circuit as specified in the applications circuit in Figure 17, the 12 dB SINAD performance is –95 dBm for a f sinusoidal waveform and f
±40 kHz.
dev
mod
= 1.0 kHz
This circuit is breadboarded using the evaluation PC board shown in Figures NO TAG and NO TAG. The RF ground is VCC and path lengths are minimized. High quality surface mount components were used except where specified. The absolute values of the components used will vary with layout placement and component parasitics.
RSSI Response
Figure 24 shows the full RSSI response in the application circuit. The 10.7 MHz, 1 10 kHz wide bandpass ceramic filters (recommended sources are TOKO part # SK107M5–AO–10X or Murata Erie SFE10.7MHY–A) provide the correct bandpass insertion loss to linearize the curve between the limiter and IF portions of RSSI. Figure 23 shows that limiting occurs at an input of –100 dBm. As shown in Figure 24, the RSSI output linear from –100 dBm to –30 dBm.
The RSSI rise and fall times for various RF input signal levels and R20 values are measured at Pin 20 without 10 nF filter capacitor. A 10 kHz square wave pulses the RF input signal on and off. Figure 25 shows that the rise and fall times are short enough to recover greater than 10 kHz ASK data; with a wider IF bandpass filters data rates up to 50 kHz may be achieved. The circuit used is the application circuit in Figure 17 with no RSSI output filter capacitor.
104 MHz
RF Input
Figure 18. MC13156DW Application Circuit
fRF = 104 MHz; fLO = 93.30 MHz
5th Overtone Crystal Oscillator
(2)
10 p
SMA
3.0 p
NOTES: 1. 0.1 µH V ariable Shielded Inductor: Coilcraft part # M1283–A or equivalent.
2.Capacitors are Silver Mica.
3.5th Overtone, Series Resonant, 25 PPM Crystal at 93.300 MHz.
4.0.135 µH Variable Shielded Inductor: Coilcraft part # 146–05J08S or equivalent.
(1)
0.1
To Filter
120 p
1
µ
2
10 n
3
Mixer
V
EE
24
23
4.7 k
22
33
µ
1.0 (3)
5th OT
XTAL
(4)
µ
H
0.135
+
1.0
µ
27 p
H
30 p
10 n
V
CC
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
13
Page 14
MC13156
Figure 19. MC13156DW Application Circuit
fRF = 159 MHz; fLO = 148.30 MHz
7th Overtone Crystal Oscillator
33
(4)
76 nH
+
1.0
µ
159 MHz
RF Input
SMA
(2)
5.0 p
50 p
1
Mixer
24
(1)
µ
H
0.08
470
2
10 n
3
23
4.7 k
22
V
EE
To IF Filter
NOTES: 1. 0.08 µH Variable Shielded Inductor: Toko part # 292SNS–T1365Z or equivalent.
2.Capacitors are Silver Mica.
3.7th Overtone, Series Resonant, 25 PPM Crystal at 148.300 MHz.
4.76 nH Variable Shielded Inductor: Coilcraft part # 150–03J08S or equivalent.
Figure 20. MC13156DW Varactor Controlled LC Oscillator
0.22
(3)
7th OT
XTAL
27 p
µ
H
47 p
10 n
V
CC
(2)
47 k
50 k
318.5 to
320 MHz
RF Input
SMA
(1)
1:4 Transformer
Mixer
1
2
3
NOTES: 1. 1:4 Impedance T ransformer: Mini–Circuits.
2.50 k Potentiometer, 10 turns.
3. Spring Coil; Coilcraft A05T .
4.Dual Varactor in SOT–23 Package.
5. All other components are surface mount components.
6.Ferrite beads through loop of 24 AWG wire.
1.0 M
V
VCO
0.1
(4)
µ
24
(6)
4.7 k
MPS901
20 p
+
6.8 p
24 p
1.0
µ
MMBV909L
23
22
V
EE
1.8 k
12 k
24 p
(3)
18.5 nH
1.0 n
307.8–309.3 MHz LC Varactor Controlled Oscillator
VCC = 3.3 Vdc (Reg)
14
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 15
MC13156
45 MHz Narrowband Receiver
The above application examples utilize a 10.7 MHz IF. In this section a narrowband receiver with a 455 kHz IF will be described. Figure 21 shows a full schematic of a 45 MHz receiver that uses a 3rd overtone crystal with the on–chip oscillator transistor. The oscillator configuration is similar to the one used in Figure 17; it is called an impedance inversion Colpitts. A 44.545 MHz 3rd overtone, series resonant crystal is used to achieve an IF frequency at 455 kHz. The ceramic IF filters selected are Murata Erie part # SFG455A3. 1.2 k chip resistors are used in series with the filters to achieve the terminating resistance of 1.4 k to the filter. The IF decoupling is very important; 0.1 µF chip capacitors are used at Pins 6, 7, 11 and 12. The quadrature detector tank circuit uses a 455 kHz quadrature tank from Toko.
Figure 21. MC13156DW Application Circuit at 45 MHz
The 12 dB SINAD performance is –109 dBm for a f
1.0 kHz and a f
= ±4.0 kHz. The RSSI dynamic range is
dev
mod
approximately 80 dB of linear range (see Figure 22).
Receiver Design Considerations
The curves of signal levels at various portions of the application receiver with respect to RF input level are shown in Figure 26. This information helps determine the network topology and gain blocks required ahead of the MC13156 to achieve the desired sensitivity and dynamic range of the receiver system. In the application circuit the input third order intercept (IP3) performance of the system is approximately –25 dBm (see Figure 27).
µ
H
1.8 (6)
+
1.0
µ
=
45 Hz
RF Input
SMA
V
CC
180 p
(2) 455 kHz
(2) 455 kHz
33 p
10 n
Ceramic
Filter
µ
0.1
Ceramic
Filter
0.1
µ
(1)
0.33
1.2 k
0.1
1.2 k
0.1
56 p
39 p
47 k
100 n
10 n
100 k
10 k
(5) 0.416
10 k
10 n
100 k
100 k
10 n
10 n
µ
H
470 k
Carrier Detect
RSSI Output
Data Slicer Hold
Data Output
Audio To C–Message Filter and Amp.
(4) 3rd OT XTAL
44.545 MHz
µ
H
1
2
3
4
5
6
µ
7
8
9
10
11
µ
12
V
V
CC
CC
Mixer
IF Amp
LIM Amp
Bias
Bias
Data
Slicer
5.0 p
24
23
22
V
EE
21
20
19
V
EE
18
17
16
V
EE
15
14
1.0 n
13
NOTES: 1. 0.33 µH Variable Shielded Inductor: Coilcraft part # 7M3–331 or equivalent.
2.455 kHz Ceramic Filter: Murata Erie part # SFG455A3.
3.455 kHz Quadrature Tank: Toko part # 7MC8128Z.
4.3rd Overtone, Series Resonant, 25 PPM Crystal at 44.540 MHz.
5. 0.416 µH Variable Shielded Inductor: Coilcraft part # 143–10J12S.
6. 1.8 µH Molded Inductor.
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
(3)
180 p
27 k
+
1.0
µ
680 µH
VCC = 2.0 to 5.0 Vdc
15
Page 16
É
É
1.8
Ç
Ç
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE (Vdc)
0.6
0.4 –120
Figure 22. RSSI Output Voltage
versus Input Signal Level
fRF = 45.00 MHz
VCC = 2.0 Vdc 12 dB SINAD @ –109 dBm
µ
Vrms)
(0.8
(See Figure 21)
–100 –80
–60 –40 20
SIGNAL INPUT LEVEL (dBm)
–20 0
MC13156
Figure 23. S + N/N versus RF Input Signal Level
10
0
–10
–20
S + N, N (dB)
–30
–40
–50
–110
–100
–90 –80 –70
RF INPUT SIGNAL (dBm)
S+N
VCC = 5.0 Vdc f
dev
f
mod
fin = 144.45 MHz (See Figure 17)
N
–60 –50 –40 –30 –20
±
75 kHz
=
= 1.0 kHz
Figure 24. RSSI Output Voltage
versus Input Signal Level
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
VCC = 5.0 Vdc
0.6
0.4
RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE (Vdc)
fc = 144.455 MHz fLO = 133.755 MHz Low Loss 10.7 MHz Ceramic Filter (See Figure 17)
0.2
–120 –100 –80 –60 –40 –20 0
SIGNAL INPUT LEVEL (dBm)
Figure 26. Signal Levels versus
RF Input Signal Level
0
LO Level = –2.0 dBm
–10
(See Figure 17) –20 –30 –40
POWER (dBm)
–50 –60
–70
–100
–90 –80 –70 –60 –50 –40
IF Output
Limiter Input
–30
Figure 25. RSSI Output Rise and Fall Times
versus RF Input Signal Level
35
µ
30 25 20 15 10
RSSI RISE AND FALL TIMES ( s)t
5.0
rf
t , ,
0
0 –20
–40 –60 –80
RF INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL (dBm)
Figure 27. 1.0 dB Compression Pt. and Input
Third Order Intercept Pt. versus Input Power
10
VCC = 5.0 Vdc
–10 –20 –30 –40 –50
MIXER IF OUTPUT LEVEL (dBm)
–60 –70
0
f
= 144.4 MHz
RF1
f
= 144.5 MHz
RF2
fLO = 133.75 MHz PLO = –2.0 dBm (See Figure 17)
–100
–80 –60 –40
1.0 dB Comp. Pt. = –37 dBm
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)RF INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL (dBm)
tr@ 22 k tf @ 22 k tr@ 47 k tf @ 47 k tr@ 100 k tf@ 100 k
IP3 = –25 dBm
–20 0
16
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 17
MC13156
BER TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
Description
The test setup shown in Figure 29 is configured so that the function generator supplies a 100 kHz clock source to the bit error rate tester. This device generates and receives a repeating data pattern and drives a 5 pole baseband data filter. The filter effectively reduces harmonic content of the baseband data which is used to modulate the RF generator which is running at 144.45 MHz. Following processing of the signal by the receiver (MC13156), the recovered baseband sinewave (data) is AC coupled to the data slicer. The data slicer is essentially an auto–threshold comparator which tracks the zero crossing of the incoming sinewave and provides logic level data at its ouput. Data errors associated with the recovered data are collected by the bit error rate receiver and displayed.
Bit error rate versus RF signal input level and IF filter bandwidth are shown in Figure 28. The bit error rate data was taken under the following test conditions:
Data rate = 100 kbps
Filter cutoff frequency set to 39% of the data rate or 39 kHz.
Filter type is a 5 pole equal–ripple with 0.5° phase error.
VCC = 4.0 Vdc
Frequency deviation = ±32 kHz.
Figure 28. Bit Error Rate versus RF
Input Signal Level and IF Bandpass Filter
–1
10
VCC = 4.0 Vdc Data Pattern = 2E09 Prbs NRZ Baseband Filter fc = 50 kHz
±
32 kHz
f
=
dev
IF Filter BW 230 kHz
BER, BIT ERROR RA TE
10
10
10
–3
–5
–7
–90
IF Filter BW 110 kHz
–85 –80 –75 –70
RF INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL (dBm)
Evaluation PC Board
The evaluation PCB is very versatile and is intended to be used across the entire useful frequency range of this device. The center section of the board provides an area for attaching all SMT components to the circuit side and radial leaded components to the component ground side (see Figures NO TAG and NO TAG). Additionally, the peripheral area surrounding the RF core provides pads to add supporting and interface circuitry as a particular application dictates.
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
17
Page 18
MC13156
Figure 29. Bit Error Rate Test Setup
Function Generator
Wavetek Model No. 164 HP3780A or Equivalent HP8640B
Gen
Clock
Out
Clock
Input
Bit Error Rate Tester RF Generator
Rcr
Clock
Input
Rcr Data Input
Generator
Input
Modulation
Input
5 Pole
Bandpass
Filter
Data Slicer
Output
Mixer
Input
MC13156
UUT
RF
Output
18
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Page 19
MC13156
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
FB SUFFIX
PLASTIC QFP PACKAGE
CASE 873–01
L
ISSUE A
24
25
–A–
L
17
16
–B–
S
S
A–B C
M
B
S
S
A–B H
A–B0.05 (0.002)
V
M
B
0.20 (0.008) D
DETAIL A
32
18
9
0.20 (0.008) D
B
P
–A–, –B–, –D–
–D–
DETAIL A
A
0.20 (0.008) D
M
S
A–B
C
S
A–B0.05 (0.002)
S
0.20 (0.008) D
M
S
A–B
H
S
M
DETAIL C
BASE
METAL
J
F
N
–C–
SEATING PLANE
–H–
DATUM PLANE
E
C
H
G
M
–H–
DATUM PLANE
0.01 (0.004)
D
0.20 (0.008) D
M
S
A–B
C
S
SECTION B–B
DETAIL C
VIEW ROTATED 90 CLOCKWISE
U
T
R
K
Q
X
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. DATUM PLANE –H– IS LOCATED AT BOTTOM OF LEAD AND IS COINCIDENT WITH THE LEAD WHERE THE LEAD EXITS THE PLASTIC BODY AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PARTING LINE.
4. DATUMS –A–, –B– AND –D– TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE –H–.
5. DIMENSIONS S AND V TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE –C–.
6. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25 (0.010) PER SIDE. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO INCLUDE MOLD MISMATCH AND ARE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE –H–.
7. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 (0.003) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OR THE FOOT.
DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
A 6.95 0.274 0.280 B 6.95 7.10 0.274 0.280 C 1.40 1.60 0.055 0.063 D 0.273 0.373 0.010 0.015 E 1.30 1.50 0.051 0.059
F 0.273 ––– 0.010 ––– G 0.80 BSC 0.031 BSC H ––– 0.20 ––– 0.008
J 0.119 0.197 0.005 0.008 K 0.33 0.57 0.013 0.022
L 5.6 REF 0.220 REF M 6 8 6 8 N 0.119 0.135 0.005 0.005 P 0.40 BSC 0.016 BSC Q 5 10 5 10 R 0.15 0.25 0.006 0.010 S 8.85 9.15 0.348 0.360
T 0.15 0.25 0.006 0.010 U 5 11 5 11 V 8.85 9.15 0.348 0.360 X 1.00 REF 0.039 REF
_
INCHESMILLIMETERS
7.10
____
__ __
__ __
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
19
Page 20
–T–
SEATING PLANE
MC13156
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
DW SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751E–04
(SO–24L)
ISSUE E
–A–
1324
–B– P12X
M
0.010 (0.25) B
1
D24X
0.010 (0.25) B
M
T
12
J
S
A
S
M
F
R
C
M
22X
G
K
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE.
5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION.
DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
A 15.25 15.54 0.601 0.612 B 7.40 7.60 0.292 0.299 C 2.35 2.65 0.093 0.104
X 45
D 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019
_
F 0.41 0.90 0.016 0.035 G 1.27 BSC 0.050 BSC J 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013 K 0.13 0.29 0.005 0.01 1 M 0 8 0 8 P 10.05 10.55 0.395 0.415 R 0.25 0.75 0.010 0.029
INCHESMILLIMETERS
____
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty , representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “T ypical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
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20
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Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
MC13156/D
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