The MAX3748/MAX3748A multirate limiting amplifier functions as a data quantizer for SONET, Fibre Channel, and
Gigabit Ethernet optical receivers. The amplifier accepts
a wide range of input voltages and provides constantlevel current-mode logic (CML) output voltages with controlled edge speeds.
A received-signal-strength indicator (RSSI) is available
when the MAX3748/MAX3748A is combined with the
MAX3744 SFP transimpedance amplifier (TIA). A receiver
consisting of the MAX3744* and the MAX3748/
MAX3748A can provide up to 19dB RSSI dynamic range.
Additional features include a programmable loss-of-signal
(LOS) detect, an optional disable function (DISABLE),
and an output signal polarity reversal (OUTPOL). Output
disable can be used to implement squelch.
The combination of the MAX3748/MAX3748A and the
MAX3744 allows for the implementation of all the smallform-factor SFF-8472 digital diagnostic specifications
using a standard 4-pin TO-46 header. The MAX3748/
MAX3748A is packaged in a 3mm ✕ 3mm 16-pin QFN
package with an exposed pad.
*Future product—contact factory for availability.
Applications
Gigabit Ethernet SFF/SFP Transceiver Modules
Fibre Channel SFF/SFP Transceiver Modules
Multirate OC-3 to OC-48-FEC SFF/SFP
Transceiver Modules
(VCC= 2.97V to 3.63V, ambient temperature = -40°C to +85°C, CML output load is 50Ω to VCC, CAZ= 0.1µF, typical values are at
+25°C, V
CC
= 3.3V, unless otherwise specified. The data input transition time is controlled by a 4th-order Bessel filter with f
-3dB
=
0.75
✕ 2.667GHz for all data rates of 2.667Gbps and below, and with f
-3dB
= 0.75 ✕ 3.2GHz for a data rate of 3.2Gbps.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Power-Supply Voltage (VCC).................................-0.5V to +6.0V
Voltage at IN+, IN- ..........................(VCC- 2.4V) to (VCC+ 0.5V)
Voltage at DISABLE, OUTPOL, RSSI,
CAZ1, CAZ2, LOS, TH............................-0.5V to (VCC+ 0.5V)
Current into LOS ...................................................-1mA to +9mA
Differential Input Voltage (IN+ - IN-) .....................................2.5V
Continuous Current at CML Outputs
(OUT+, OUT-) ...............................................-25mA to +25mA
Note 1: Between sensitivity and overload, all AC specifications are met.
Note 2: Guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 3: The deterministic jitter caused by this filter is not included in the DJ generation specifications (input).
Note 4: 2
23
- 1 PRBS pattern was substituted by K28.5 pattern to determine the high-speed portion of the deterministic jitter. The
low-speed portion of the DJ (baseline wander) was obtained by measuring the eye width difference between outputs generated using K28.5 and 2
23
- 1 PRBS patterns.
Note 5: Random jitter was measured without using a filter at the input.
Note 6: The supply current measurement excludes the CML output currents by connecting the CML outputs to a separate V
CC
(see Figure 1).
Note 7: Unless otherwise specified, the pattern for all LOS detect specifications is 2
23
- 1 PRBS.
Note 8: The signal at the input is switched between two amplitudes, Signal_ON and Signal_OFF, as shown in Figure 2.
Note 9: I
CM_INPUT
is the input common mode. I
RSSI
is the current at the RSSI output.
Note 10: Stability is defined as variation over temperature and power supply with respect to the typical gain of the part.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC= 2.97V to 3.63V, ambient temperature = -40°C to +85°C, CML output load is 50Ω to VCC, CAZ= 0.1µF, typical values are at
+25°C, V
CC
= 3.3V, unless otherwise specified. The data input transition time is controlled by a 4th-order Bessel filter with f
-3dB
=
0.75
✕ 2.667GHz for all data rates of 2.667Gbps and below, and with f
(TA= +25°C and VCC= +3.3V, unless otherwise specified.)
OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM WITH MAXIMUM INPUT
(DATA RATE OF 2.6667Gbps)
2.7Gbps, 223 - 1 PRBS, 1200mV
100mV/div
50ps/div
INPUT RETURN GAIN vs. FREQUENCY (SDD11)
(INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL = -40dBm)
30
20
10
0
GAIN (dB)
-10
-20
-30
-40
100M10G
1G
FREQUENCY (Hz)
6
MAX3748 toc10
P-P
100mV/div
OUTPUT RETURN GAIN vs. FREQUENCY (SDD22)
GAIN (dB)
- 1 PRBS)
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
100M10G
OUTPUT
DISABLED
LOS HYSTERESIS vs. TEMPERATURE
(2.667bps, 2
MAX3748 toc13
10
OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM AT +100°C
(MINIMUM INPUT)
3.2Gbps, 223 - 1 PRBS, 5mV
50ps/div
MAX3748 toc11
P-P
(INPUT SIGNAL LEVEL = -40dBm)
1G
FREQUENCY (Hz)
RSSI CURRENT GAIN vs. INPUT TIA CURRENT
700
ASSERT/DEASSERT LEVELS vs. R
100
)
P-P
10
ASSERT/DEASSERT (mV
1
0.01100
DETERMINISTIC JITTER vs. INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
20
18
)
MAX3748 toc14
16
P-P
14
12
10
8
6
DETERMINISTIC JITTER (ps
4
2
0
-66
(MAX3744 AND MAX3748)
DEASSERT
ASSERT
0.1
1
RTH (kΩ)
(2.667Gbps, K28.5)
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV
TH
MAX3748 toc12
10
MAX3748 toc15
420-2-4
)
P-P
5
4
3
RTH = 20kΩ
2
10LOG (DEASSERT/ASSERT) (dB)
1
0
-40100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RTH = 80Ω
RTH = 280Ω
MAX3748 toc16
9080706050403020100-10-20-30
600
500
400
300
200
OUTPUT RSSI CURRENT (µA)
100
0
0400200600800100500300700900 1000
INPUT TIA CURRENT (µA)
MAX3748 toc17
Page 6
MAX3748/MAX3748A
Detailed Description
The limiting amplifier consists of an input buffer, a multistage amplifier, offset correction circuitry, an output
buffer, power-detection circuitry, and signal-detect circuitry (see Functional Diagram).
Input Buffer
The input buffer is shown in Figure 3. It provides 50Ω
termination for each input signal IN+ and IN-. The
MAX3748/MAX3748A can be DC- or AC-coupled to a
TIA (TIA output offset degrades receiver performance if
DC-coupled). The CML input buffer is optimized for the
MAX3744 TIA.
Gain Stage
The high-bandwidth gain stage provides approximately
53dB of gain.
Loss-of-Signal Threshold Pin. Resistor to ground (R
disables the LOS circuitry and reduces power consumption.
V
CC
Disable Input, CMOS/TTL. The data outputs are held static when this pin is asserted high. The LOS
function remains active when the outputs are disabled, CMOS. On the MAX3748, this pin does not
include ESD protection. If routed through the DS1858/DS1859 controller IC, no additional ESD protection
is required. On the MAX3748A, this pin has ESD protection.
Noninverted Loss-of-Signal Output. LOS is asserted high when the signal drops below the assert
threshold set by the TH input. The output is open collector (Figure 5). On the MAX3748, this pin does not
include ESD protection. If routed through the DS1858/DS1859 controller IC, no additional ESD protection
is required. On the MAX3748A, this pin has ESD protection.
Output Polarity Control Input. Connect to GND for an inversion of polarity through the limiting amplifier
and connect to V
Received-Signal-Strength Indicator. This current output can be used to obtain a ground-referenced
voltage proportional to photodiode current with the MAX3744 by connecting an external resistor between
this pin and GND.
Offset Correction Loop Capacitor Connection. A capacitor connected between this pin and CAZ1
extends the time constant of the offset correction loop. Typical value of CAZ is 0.1µF. The offset
correction is disabled when the CAZ1 and CAZ2 pins are shorted together.
O ffset C or r ecti on Loop C ap aci tor C onnecti on. A cap aci tor connected b etw een thi s p i n and C AZ 2 extend s
the ti m e constant of the offset cor r ecti on l oop . Typ i cal val ue of C
w hen the C AZ 1 and C AZ 2 p i ns ar e shor ted tog ether .
Connect the exposed paddle to board ground for optimal electrical and thermal performance.
for normal operation.
CC
) sets the LOS threshold. Connecting this pin to
TH
i s 0.1µF. The offset cor r ecti on i s d i sab l ed
A Z
V
CC
I
(SUPPLY CURRENT)
CC
MAX3748/
MAX3748A
50Ω
50Ω
R
TH
I
(CML
OUT
OUTPUT CURRENT)
Page 7
Offset Correction Loop
The MAX3748/MAX3748A is susceptible to DC offsets
in the signal path because it has high gain. In communication systems using NRZ data with a 50% duty
cycle, pulse-width distortion present in the signal or
generated in the transimpedance amplifier appears as
an input offset and is reduced by the offset correction
loop. For Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel applications, no capacitor is required. For SONET applications,
C
AZ
= 0.1µF is recommended. This capacitor deter-
mines the lower 3dB frequency of the data path.
CML Output Buffer
The MAX3748/MAX3748A limiting amplifier’s CML output provides high tolerance to impedance mismatches
and inductive connectors. The output current is approximately 18mA. The output is disabled by connecting the
DISABLE pin to VCC. If the LOS pin is connected to the
DISABLE pin, the outputs OUT+ and OUT- are at a static voltage (squelch) whenever the input signal level
drops below the LOS threshold. The output buffer can
be AC- or DC-coupled to the load (Figure 4).
Power-Detect and
Loss-of-Signal Indicator
The MAX3748/MAX3748A is equipped with an LOS circuitry, which indicates when the input signal is below a
programmable threshold, set by resistor RTHat the TH
pin (see Typical Operating Characteristics for appropriate resistor sizing). An averaging peak-power detector
compares the input signal amplitude with this threshold
and feeds the signal detect information to the LOS output, which is open collector. Two control voltages,
V
ASSERT
and V
DEASSERT
, define the LOS assert and
deassert levels. To prevent LOS chatter in the region of
the programmed threshold, approximately 2dB of hysteresis is built into the LOS assert/deassert function.
Once asserted, LOS is not deasserted until the input
amplitude rises to the required level (V
DEASSERT
)
(Figure 5).
Design Procedure
Program the LOS Assert Threshold
External resistor RTHprograms the LOS threshold. See
the Assert/Deassert Levels vs. R
TH
graph in the TypicalOperating Characteristics to select the appropriate
resistor.
Figure 2. LOS Deassert Threshold Set 1dB Below the Minimum
by Receiver Sensitivity (for Selected R
TH
)
Figure 3. CML Input Buffer
Figure 4. CML Output Buffer
V
IN
SIGNAL ON
1dB
6dB
0V
MAX DEASSERT LEVEL
POWER-DETECT WINDOW
MIN DEASSERT LEVEL
SIGNAL OFF
TIME
0.25pF
IN+
IN-
0.25pF
ESD
STRUCTURES
V
CC
50Ω50Ω
V
CC
75kΩ
Q3Q4Q1
DISABLE
50Ω50Ω
OUT+
OUT-
Q2
ESD
STRUCTURES
DATA
DISABLE
18mA18mA
DISABLE
Page 8
MAX3748/MAX3748A
Select the Coupling Capacitor
When AC-coupling is desired, coupling capacitors C
IN
and C
OUT
should be selected to minimize the receiver’s
deterministic jitter. Jitter is decreased as the input lowfrequency cutoff (fIN) is decreased:
fIN= 1 / [2π(50)(CIN)]
For ATM/SONET or other applications using scrambled
NRZ data, select (CIN, C
OUT
) ≥ 0.1µF, which provides
fIN< 32kHz. For Fibre Channel, Gigabit Ethernet, or
other applications using 8B/10B data coding, select
(CIN, C
OUT
) ≥ 0.01µF, which provides fIN< 320kHz.
Refer to Application Note HFAN-1.1: Choosing AC-Coupling Capacitors.
Select the Offset-Correction Capacitor
The capacitor between CAZ1 and CAZ2 determines the
time constant of the signal path DC offset cancellation
loop. To maintain stability, it is important to keep a onedecade separation between fINand the low-frequency
cutoff (fOC) associated with the DC offset cancellation
circuit. For ATM/SONET or other applications using
scrambled NRZ data, fIN< 32kHz, so f
OCMAX
< 3.2kHz.
Therefore, CAZ= 0.1µF (fOC= 2kHz). For Fibre Channel
or Gigabit Ethernet applications, leave pins CAZ1 and
CAZ2 open.
RSSI Implementation
The SFF-8472 Digital Diagnostic specification requires
monitoring of input receive power. The MAX3748/
MAX3748A and MAX3744 receiver chipset allows for
the monitoring of the average receive power by measuring the average DC current of the photodiode.
The MAX3744 preamp measures the average photodiode current and provides the information to the output
common mode. The MAX3748/MAX3748A RSSI detect
block senses the common-mode DC level of input signals IN+ and IN- and provides a ground-referenced output signal (RSSI) proportional to the photodiode current.
The advantage of this implementation is that it allows the
TIA to be packaged in a low-cost conventional 4-pin TO46 header.
The MAX3748/MAX3748A RSSI output is connected to
an analog input channel of the DS1858/DS1859 SFP
controller to convert the analog information into a 16-bit
word. The DS1858/DS1859 provide the receive-power
information to the host board of the optical receiver
through a 2-wire interface. The DS1859 allows for internal
calibration of the receive-power monitor.
The MAX3744 and the MAX3748/MAX3748A have been
optimized to achieve RSSI stability of 2.5dB within the
range of 6µA to 500µA of average input photodiode
current. To achieve the best accuracy, Maxim recommends receive power calibration at the low end (6µA)
and the high end (500µA) of the required range; see
the RSSI Current Gain graph in the Typical OperatingCharacteristics.
Connecting to the DS1858/DS1859
For best use of the RSSI monitor, capacitor C1 and
resistor R1 shown in the first Typical Application Circuit
need to be placed as close as possible to the Dallas
diagnostic monitor with the ground of C1 and R1 the
same as the DS1858/DS1859 ground. Capacitor C1
suppresses system noise on the RSSI signal. R1 = 3kΩ
and C1 = 0.1µF is recommended.
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 11
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
D2
b
D
D/2
- A -
C
L
0.10
C
E/2
E
- B -
C
L
0.08
C
A
A2
A1
(NE - 1) X e
L
D2/2
e
C
L
e
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE
12 & 16L, QFN THIN, 3x3x0.8 mm
0.10 M C A B
k
(ND - 1) X e
C
L
e
21-0136
E2/2
E2
L
L
REV.DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.APPROVAL
1
C
2
12x16L QFN THIN.EPS
EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994.
2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES.
3. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS.
4. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO
JESD 95-1 SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED
WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR
MARKED FEATURE.
5. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.20 mm AND 0.25 mm
FROM TERMINAL TIP.
6. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY.
7. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION.
8. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS.
9. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220 REVISION C.
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE
12 & 16L, QFN THIN, 3x3x0.8 mm
APPROVAL
DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.
21-0136
REV.
2
C
2
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