Datasheet LM611IM, LM611CMX, LM611CM, LM611IMX, LM611AMJ-883 Datasheet (NSC)

Page 1
LM611 Operational Amplifier and Adjustable Reference
General Description
The LM611 consists of a single-supply op-amp and a pro­grammable voltage reference in one space saving 8-pin package. The op-amp out-performs most single-supply op-amps by providing higher speed and bandwidth along with low supply current. This device was specifically de­signed to lower cost and board space requirements in trans­ducer, test, measurement and data acquisition systems.
Combining a stable voltage reference with a wide output swing op-amp makes the LM611 ideal for single supply transducers, signal conditioning and bridge driving where large common-modesignalsare common. The voltage refer­ence consists of a reliable band-gap design that maintains low dynamic output impedance (1typical), excellent initial tolerance (0.6%), and the ability to be programmed from
1.2V to 6.3V via two external resistors. The voltage refer­ence is very stable even when driving large capacitive loads, as are commonly encountered in CMOS data acquisition systems.
As a member of National’s Super-Block
family, the LM611 is a space-saving monolithic alternative to a multi-chip solu­tion, offering a high level of integration without sacrificing performance.
Features
OP AMP
n Low operating current: 300 µA (op amp) n Wide supply voltage range: 4V to 36V n Wide common-mode range: V
to (V+−1.8V)
n Wide differential input voltage:
±
36V
n Available in low cost 8-pin DIP n Available in plastic package rated for Military
Temperature Range Operation
REFERENCE
n Adjustable output voltage: 1.2V to 6.3V n Tight initial tolerance available:
±
0.6
%
n Wide operating current range: 17 µA to 20 mA n Reference floats above ground n Tolerant of load capacitance
Applications
n Transducer bridge driver n Process and Mass Flow Control systems n Power supply voltage monitor n Buffered voltage references for A/D’s
Connection Diagrams
Super-Block™is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
DS009221-1
DS009221-2
May 1998
LM611 Operational Amplifier and Adjustable Reference
© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS009221 www.national.com
Page 2
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications.
Voltage on Any Pins Except V
R
(referred to V−pin) 36V (Max) (Note 2) −0.3V (Min)
Current through Any Input Pin and
V
R
Pin
±
20 mA
Differential Input Voltage
Military and Industrial
±
36V
Commercial
±
32V
Storage Temperature Range −65˚CT
J
+150˚C
Maximum Junction Temperature 150˚C
Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient (Note 3)
N Package 100˚C/W M Package 150˚C/W
Soldering Information Soldering (10 seconds)
N Package 260˚C M Package 220˚C
ESD Tolerance (Note 4)
±
1kV
Operating Temperature Range
LM611AI, LM611I, LM611BI −40˚CTJ≤+85˚C LM611AM, LM611M −55˚CT
J
+125˚C
LM611C 0˚CT
J
70˚C
Electrical Characteristics
These specifications apply for V
=
GND=0V, V
+
=
5V, V
CM
=
V
OUT
=
2.5V, I
R
=
100 µA, FEEDBACK pin shorted to GND,
unless otherwise specified. Limits in standard typeface are for T
J
=
25˚C; limits in boldface type apply over the Operating
Temperature Range.
LM611M
LM611AM LM611BI
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical LM611AI LM611I Units
(Note 5) Limits LM611C
(Note 6) Limits
(Note 6)
I
S
Total Supply Current R
LOAD
=
, 210 300 350 µA max
4V V
+
36V (32V for LM611C) 221 320 370 µA max
V
S
Supply Voltage Range 2.2 2.8 2.8 V min
2.9 3 3 V min 46 36 32 V max
43 36 32 V max
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
V
OS1
VOSOver Supply 4V V+≤ 36V 1.5 3.5 5.0 mV max
(4V V
+
32V for LM611C) 2.0 6.0 7.0 mV max
V
OS2
VOSOver V
CM
V
CM
=
0V through V
CM
=
1.0 3.5 5.0 mV max
(V
+
− 1.8V), V
+
=
30V, V
=
0V 1.5 6.0 7.0 mV max
Average VOSDrift (Note 6)
15
µV/˚C
max
I
B
Input Bias Current 10 25 35 nA max
11 30 40 nA max
I
OS
Input Offset Current 0.2 4 4 nA max
0.3 5 5 nA max
Average Offset Drift Current
4 pA/˚C
R
IN
Input Resistance Differential 1800 M
Common-Mode 3800 M
C
IN
Input Capacitance Common-Mode 5.7 pF
e
n
Voltage Noise f=100 Hz,
Input Referred
74
I
n
Current Noise f=100 Hz,
Input Referred
58
CMRR Common-Mode V
+
=
30V, 0V V
CM
(V+− 1.8V) 95 80 75 dB min
Rejection-Ratio CMRR=20 log (V
CM
/VOS) 90 75 70 dB min
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Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
These specifications apply for V
=
GND=0V, V
+
=
5V, V
CM
=
V
OUT
=
2.5V, I
R
=
100 µA, FEEDBACK pin shorted to GND,
unless otherwise specified. Limits in standard typeface are for T
J
=
25˚C; limits in boldface type apply over the Operating
Temperature Range.
LM611M
LM611AM LM611BI
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical LM611AI LM611I Units
(Note 5) Limits LM611C
(Note 6) Limits
(Note 6)
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
PSRR Power Supply 4V V
+
30V, V
CM
=
V
+
/2, 110 80 75 dB min
Rejection-Ratio PSRR=20 log (V
+
/VOS) 100 75 70 dB min
A
V
Open Loop R
L
=
10 kto GND, V
+
=
30V, 500 100 94 V/mV
Voltage Gain 5V V
OUT
25V 50 40 40 min
SR Slew Rate V
+
=
30V (Note 7) 0.70 0.55 0.50 V/µs
0.65 0.45 0.45
GBW Gain Bandwidth C
L
=
50 pF 0.80 MHz
0.50
V
O1
Output Voltage R
L
=
10 kto GND V
+
− 1.4 V+− 1.7 V+− 1.8 V min
Swing High V
+
=
36V (32V for LM611C) V
+
− 1.6 V+− 1.9 V+− 1.9 V min
V
O2
Output Voltage R
L
=
10 kto V
+
V−+ 0.8 V−+ 0.9 V−+ 0.95 V max
Swing Low V
+
=
36V (32V for LM611C) V
+ 0.9 V−+ 1.0 V−+ 1.0 V max
I
OUT
Output Source V
OUT
=
2.5V, V
+IN
=
0V, 25 20 16 mA min
Current V
−IN
=
−0.3V 15 13 13 mA min
I
SINK
Output Sink V
OUT
=
1.6V, V
+IN
=
0V, 17 14 13 mA min
Current V
−IN
=
0.3V 98 8mA min
I
SHORT
Short Circuit Current V
OUT
=
0V, V
+IN
=
3V, 30 50 50 mA max
V
−IN
=
2V, Source 40 60 60 mA max
V
OUT
=
5V, V
+IN
=
2V, 30 60 70 mA max
V
−IN
=
3V, Sink 32 80 90 mA max
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
V
R
Reference Voltage (Note 8) 1.244 1.2365 1.2191 V min
1.2515 1.2689 V max
(
±
0.6%)(
±
2.0%)
Average Temperature Drift
(Note 9)
10 80 150
PPM/˚C
max
Hysteresis Hyst=(Vro' − Vro)/TJ(Note 10)
3.2 µV/˚C
VRChange V
R(100 µA)−VR(17 µA)
0.05 1 1 mV max
with Current 0.1 1.1 1.1 mV max
V
R(10 mA)−VR(100 µA)
1.5 5 5 mV max
(Note 11) 2.0 5.5 5.5 mV max
R Resistance V
R(10→0.1 mA)
/9.9 mA 0.2 0.56 0.56 max
V
R(100→17 µA)
/83 µA 0.6 13 13 max
VRChange with V
R(Vro=Vr)−VR(Vro=6.3V)
2.5 7 7 mV max
High V
RO
(5.06V between Anode and FEEDBACK)
2.8 10 10 mV max
VRChange with V
R(V+=5V)−VR(V+=36V)
0.1 1.2 1.2 mV max
V
+
Change (V
+
=
32V for LM611C) 0.1 1.3 1.3 mV max
V
R(V+=5V)−VR(V+=3V)
0.01 1 1 mV max
0.01 1.5 1.5 mV max
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Page 4
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
These specifications apply for V
=
GND=0V, V
+
=
5V, V
CM
=
V
OUT
=
2.5V, I
R
=
100 µA, FEEDBACK pin shorted to GND,
unless otherwise specified. Limits in standard typeface are for T
J
=
25˚C; limits in boldface type apply over the Operating
Temperature Range.
LM611M
LM611AM LM611BI
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical LM611AI LM611I Units
(Note 5) Limits LM611C
(Note 6) Limits
(Note 6)
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
VRChange with V
+
=
V
+
max, V
R
=
V
R
V
ANODE
Change (@V
ANODE
=
V
=
GND) − V
R
0.7 1.5 1.6 mV max
(
@
V
ANODE
=
V
+
− 1.0V) 3.3 3.0 3.0 mV max
I
FB
FEEDBACK Bias IFB;V
ANODE
VFB≤ 5.06V 22 35 50 nA max
Current 29 40 55 nA max
e
n
VRNoise 10 Hz to 10,000 Hz, V
RO
=
V
R
30 µV
RMS
Note 1: Absolute maximum ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the de­vice beyond its rated operating conditions.
Note 2: More accurately, it is excessive current flow, with resulting excess heating, that limits the voltages on all pins. When any pin is pulled a diode drop below V
, a parasitic NPN transistor turns ON. No latch-up will occur as long as the current through that pin remains below the Maximum Rating. Operation is undefined
and unpredictable when any parasitic diode or transistor is conducting. Note 3: Junction temperature may be calculated using T
J
=
T
A+PDθJA
. The given thermal resistance is worst-case for packages in sockets in still air. For packages
soldered to copper-clad board with dissipation from one op amp or reference output transistor, nominal θ
JA
is 90˚C/W for the N package and 135˚C/W for the M pack-
age.
Note 4: Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kresistor. Note 5: Typical values in standard typeface are for T
J
=
25˚C; values in boldface type apply for the full operating temperature range. These values represent the
most likely parametric norm.
Note 6: All limits are guaranteed at room temperature (standard type face) or at operating temperature extremes (bold face type). Note 7: Slew rate is measured with op amp in a voltage follower configuration. For rising slew rate, the input voltage is driven from 5V to 25V,and the output voltage
transition is sampled at 10V and 20V. For falling slew rate, the input voltage is driven from 25V to 5V, and output voltage transition is sampled at 20V and 10V. Note 8: V
R
is the cathode-feedback voltage, nominally 1.244V.
Note 9: Average reference drift is calculated from the measurement of the reference voltage at 25˚C and at the temperature extremes. The drift, in ppm/˚C, is 10
6
VR/(V
R[25˚C]
TJ), where VRis the lowest value subtracted from the highest, V
R[25˚C]
is the value at 25˚C, and TJis the temperature range. This parameter
is guaranteed by design and sample testing. Note 10: Hysteresis is the change in V
R
caused by a change in TJ, after the reference has been “dehysterized”. To dehysterize the reference; that is minimize the
hysteresis to the typical value, its junction temperature should be cycled in the following pattern, spiraling in toward 25˚C: 25˚C, 85˚C, −40˚C, 70˚C, 0˚C, 25˚C.
Note 11: Low contact resistance is required for accurate measurement. Note 12: Military RETS 611AMX electrical test specification is available on request. The LM611AMJ/883 can also be procured as a Standard Military Drawing.
Simplified Schematic Diagrams
Op Amp
DS009221-3
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Simplified Schematic Diagrams (Continued)
Typical Performance Characteristics (Reference) T
J
=
25˚C, FEEDBACK pin shorted to V
=
0V, unless otherwise noted
Reference
DS009221-91
Bias
DS009221-92
Reference Voltage vs Temp on 5 Representative Units
DS009221-33
Reference Voltage Drift
DS009221-34
Accelerated Reference Voltage Drift vs Time
DS009221-35
Reference Voltage vs Current and Temperature
DS009221-36
Reference Voltage vs Current and Temperature
DS009221-37
Reference Voltage vs Reference Current
DS009221-38
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Reference) T
J
=
25˚C, FEEDBACK pin shorted to V
=
0V, unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Reference Voltage vs Reference Current
DS009221-39
Reference AC Stability Range
DS009221-40
Feedback Current vs Feedback-to-Anode Voltage
DS009221-41
Feedback Current vs Feedback-to-Anode Voltage
DS009221-42
Reference Noise Voltage vs Frequency
DS009221-43
Reference Small-Signal Resistance vs Frequency
DS009221-44
Reference Power-Up Time
DS009221-45
Reference Voltage with Feedback Voltage Step
DS009221-46
Reference Voltage with 100
z
12 µA Current Step
DS009221-47
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Reference) T
J
=
25˚C, FEEDBACK pin shorted to V
=
0V, unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Typical Performance Characteristics (Op Amps) V
+
=
5V, V
=
GND=0V, V
CM
=
V
+
/2, V
OUT
=
V
+
/2, T
J
=
25˚C, unless otherwise noted
Reference Step Response for 100 µA
z
10 mA
Current Step
DS009221-48
Reference Voltage Change with Supply Voltage Step
DS009221-49
Input Common-Mode Voltage Range vs Temperature
DS009221-50
VOSvs Junction Temperature
DS009221-51
Input Bias Current vs Common-Mode Voltage
DS009221-52
Reference Change vs Common-Mode Voltage
DS009221-53
Large-Signal Step Response
DS009221-54
Output Voltage Swing vs Temp. and Current
DS009221-55
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Op Amps) V
+
=
5V, V
=
GND=0V, V
CM
=
V
+
/2,
V
OUT
=
V
+
/2, T
J
=
25˚C, unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Output Source Current vs Output Voltage and Temp.
DS009221-56
Output Sink Current vs Output Voltage
DS009221-57
Output Swing, Large Signal
DS009221-58
Output Impedance vs Frequency and Gain
DS009221-59
Small Signal Pulse Response vs Temp.
DS009221-60
Small-Signal Pulse Response vs Load
DS009221-61
Op Amp Voltage Noise vs Frequency
DS009221-62
Op Amp Current Noise vs Frequency
DS009221-63
Small-Signal Voltage Gain vs Frequency and Temperature
DS009221-64
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Op Amps) V
+
=
5V, V
=
GND=0V, V
CM
=
V
+
/2,
V
OUT
=
V
+
/2, T
J
=
25˚C, unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Small-Signal Voltage Gain vs Frequency and Load
DS009221-65
Follower Small-Signal Frequency Response
DS009221-66
Common-Mode Input Voltage Rejection Ratio
DS009221-67
Power Supply Current vs Power Supply Voltage
DS009221-68
Positive Power Supply Voltage Rejection Ratio
DS009221-69
Negative Power Supply Voltage Rejection Ratio
DS009221-70
Slew Rate vs Temperature
DS009221-71
Input Offset Current vs Junction Temperature
DS009221-72
Input Bias Current vs Junction Temperature
DS009221-73
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Typical Performance Distributions
Application Information
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
Reference Biasing
The voltage reference is of a shunt regulator topology that models as a simple zener diode. With current I
r
flowing in the ‘forward’ direction there is the familiar diode transfer func­tion. I
r
flowing in the reverse direction forces the reference voltage to be developed from cathode to anode. The applied voltage to the cathode may range from a diode drop below V
to the reference voltage or to the avalanche voltage of the parallel protection diode, nominally 7V.A 6.3V reference with V+=3V is allowed.
Average V
OS
Drift
Military Temperature Range
DS009221-74
Average VOSDrift Industrial Temperature Range
DS009221-75
Average VOSDrift Commercial Temperature Range
DS009221-76
Average IOSDrift Military Temperature Range
DS009221-77
Average IOSDrift Industrial Temperature Range
DS009221-78
Average IOSDrift Commercial Temperature Range
DS009221-79
Voltage Reference Broad-Band Noise Distribution
DS009221-80
Op Amp Voltage Noise Distribution
DS009221-81
Op Amp Current Noise Distribution
DS009221-82
DS009221-14
FIGURE 1. Voltages Associated with Reference
(Current Source I
r
is External)
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Application Information (Continued)
The reference equivalent circuit reveals how V
r
is held at the constant 1.2V by feedback, and how the FEEDBACK pin passes little current.
To generate the required reverse current, typically a resistor is connected from a supply voltage higher than the reference voltage. Varyingthat voltage, and so varying I
r
, has small ef­fect with the equivalent series resistance of less than an ohm at the higher currents.Alternatively,an active current source, such as the LM134 series, may generate I
r
.
Capacitors in parallel with the reference are allowed. See the Reference AC Stability Range curve for capacitance values—from 20 µA to 3 mA any capacitor value is stable. With the reference’s wide stability range with resistive and capacitive loads, a wide range of RC filter values will perform noise filtering.
Adjustable Reference
The FEEDBACK pin allows the reference output voltage, V
ro
, to vary from 1.24V to 6.3V. The reference attempts to
hold V
r
at 1.24V.If Vris above 1.24V, the reference will con­duct current from Cathode to Anode; FEEDBACK current al­ways remains low. If FEEDBACK is connected to Anode, then V
ro
=
V
r
=
1.24V. For higher voltages FEEDBACK is
held at a constant voltage above Anode— say 3.76V for V
ro
=
5V.Connectinga resistor across the constant V
r
generates
a current I=R1/V
r
flowing from Cathode into FEEDBACK node.AThevenin equivalent 3.76V is generated from FEED­BACK to Anode with R2=3.76/I. Keep I greater than one thousand times larger than FEEDBACK bias current for
<
0.1%error—I32 µA for the military grade over the military temperature range (I5.5 µA for a 1%untrimmed error for a commercial part.)
R1=Vr/I=1.24/32µ=39k R2=R1 {(Vro/Vr) − 1}=39k {(5/1.24) − 1)}=118k
Understanding that V
r
is fixed and that voltage sources, re­sistors, and capacitors may be tied to the FEEDBACK pin, a range of V
r
temperature coefficients may be synthesized.
DS009221-15
FIGURE 2. Reference Equivalent Circuit
DS009221-16
FIGURE 3. 1.2V Reference
DS009221-17
FIGURE 4. Thevenin Equivalent of
Reference with 5V Output
DS009221-18
FIGURE 5. Resistors R1 and R2 Program
Reference Output Voltage to be 5V
DS009221-19
FIGURE 6. Output Voltage has Negative Temperature
Coefficient (TC) if R2 has Negative TC
DS009221-20
FIGURE 7. Output Voltage has Positive TC
if R1 has Negative TC
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Page 12
Application Information (Continued)
Connecting a resistor across Cathode-to-FEEDBACK cre­ates a 0 TC current source, but a range of TCs may be syn­thesized.
I=Vr/R1=1.24/R1
Hysteresis
The reference voltage depends, slightly, on the thermal his­tory of the die. Competitive micro-power products vary—always check the data sheet for any given device. Do not assume that no specification means no hysteresis.
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
The amp or the reference may be biased in any way with no effect on the other, except when a substrate diode conducts (see Guaranteed Electrical Characteristics Note 1). The amp may have inputs outside the common-mode range, may be operated as a comparator, or have all terminals floating with no effect on the reference (tying inverting input to output and non-inverting input to V
on unused amp is preferred). Choosing operating points that cause oscillation, such as driving too large a capacitive load, is best avoided.
Op Amp Output Stage
The op amp, like the LM124 series, has a flexible and rela­tively wide-swing output stage. There are simple rules to op­timize output swing, reduce cross-over distortion, and opti­mize capacitive drive capability:
1. Output Swing: Unloaded, the 42 µA pull-down will bring
the output within 300 mV of V
over the military tempera­ture range. If more than 42 µA is required, a resistor from output to V
will help. Swing across any load may be im-
proved slightly if the load can be tied to V
+
, at the cost of
poorer sinking open-loop voltage gain.
2. Cross-over Distortion: The LM611 has lower cross-over distortion (a 1 V
BE
deadband versus 3 VBEfor the LM124), and increased slew rate as shown in the char­acteristic curves. A resistor pull-up or pull-down will force class-A operation with only the PNP or NPN output tran­sistor conducting, eliminating cross-over distortion.
3. Capacitive Drive: Limited by the output pole caused by the output resistance driving capacitive loads, a pull-down resistor conducting 1 mA or more reduces the output stage NPN r
e
until the output resistance is that of the current limit 25. 200 pF may then be driven without oscillation.
Op Amp Input Stage
The lateral PNP input transistors, unlike those of most op amps, have BV
EBO
equal to the absolute maximum supply voltage.Also, they have no diode clamps to the positive sup­ply nor across the inputs. These features make the inputs look like high impedances to input sources producing large differential and common-mode voltages.
DS009221-21
FIGURE 8. Diode in Series with R1 Causes
Voltage Across R1 and R2 to be Proportional
to Absolute Temperature (PTAT)
DS009221-22
FIGURE 9. Current Source is Programmed by R1
DS009221-23
FIGURE 10. Proportional-to-Absolute-
Temperature Current Source
DS009221-24
FIGURE 11. Negative −TC Current Source
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Page 13
Typical Applications
DS009221-28
*10k must be low t.c. trim pot.
FIGURE 12. Ultra Low Noise 10.00V Reference.
Total Output Noise is Typically 14 µV
RMS
.
Adjust the 10k pot for 10.000V.
DS009221-30
FIGURE 13. Simple Low Quiescent Drain Voltage Regulator. Total Supply Current is approximately
320 µA when V
IN
=
5V, and output has no load.
DS009221-29
V
OUT
=
(R1/R2 + 1) V
REF
. R1, R2 should be 1%metal film. R3 should be low t.c. trim pot.
FIGURE 14. Slow Rise-Time Upon Power-Up,
Adjustable Transducer Bridge Driver.
Rise-time is approximately 0.5 ms.
DS009221-31
FIGURE 15. Low Drop-Out Voltage Regulator Circuit. Drop out voltage is typically 0.2V.
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Typical Applications (Continued)
DS009221-32
FIGURE 16. Nulling Bridge Detection System. Adjust sensitivity via 400 kpot.
Null offset with R1, and bridge drive with the 10k pot.
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Ordering Information
Reference
Tolerance & V
OS
Temperature Range Package NSC
Drawing
Military Industrial Commercial
−55˚CT
A
+125˚C −40˚CTA≤+85˚C 0˚CTA≤+70˚C
±
0.6
%
@
LM611AMN LM611AIN 8-pin N08E 80 ppm/˚C max molded DIP V
OS
=
3.5 mV max LM611AMJ/883 (Note 12) 8-pin J08A ceramic DIP
±
2.0
%
@
LM611MN LM611BIN LM611CN 8-pin N08E 150 ppm/˚C max molded DIP V
OS
=
5 mV max LM611IM LM611CM 14-pin Narrow M14A
Surface Mount
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Page 16
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
Hermetic Dual-In-Line Package (J)
Order Number LM611AMJ/883
NS Package Number J08A
Plastic Surface Mount Narrow Package (0.15) (M)
Order Number LM611CM or LM611IM
NS Package Number M14A
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
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Tel: 81-3-5639-7560 Fax: 81-3-5639-7507
www.national.com
Plastic Dual-In-Line Package (N)
Order Number LM611CN, LM611AIN, LM611BIN, LM611AMN or LM611MN
NS Package Number N08E
LM611 Operational Amplifier and Adjustable Reference
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
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