Datasheet LM317T4, LM317T, LM317D2TR4, LM317D2T, LM317BT4 Datasheet (MOTOROLA)

...
Page 1
SEMICONDUCTOR
TECHNICAL DATA
THREE–TERMINAL
ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE
VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Order this document by LM317/D
Device
Operating
Package
T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 221A
ORDERING INFORMATION
LM317BT
LM317BD2T
Insertion Mount
Surface Mount
LM317T
LM317D2T
TJ = 0° to +125°C
Insertion Mount
Surface Mount
TJ = –40° to +125°C
Pin 1. Adjust
2. V
out
3. V
in
3
1
2
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936
(D2PAK)
Heatsink surface (shown as terminal 4 in
case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2.
3
1
2
Heatsink surface
connected to Pin 2.

1
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
     
The LM317 is an adjustable 3–terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 1.5 A over an output voltage range of 1.2 V to 37 V . This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making it essentially blow–out proof.
The LM317 serves a wide variety of applications including local, on card regulation. This device can also be used to make a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LM317 can be used as a precision current regulator.
Output Current in Excess of 1.5 A
Output Adjustable between 1.2 V and 37 V
Internal Thermal Overload Protection
Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Constant with Temperature
Output Transistor Safe–Area Compensation
Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications
Available in Surface Mount D
2
PAK, and Standard 3–Lead Transistor
Package
Eliminates Stocking many Fixed Voltages
Standard Application
**Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
** CO is not needed for stability, however, it does improve transient response.
Since I
Adj
is controlled to less than 100
µ
A, the error associated with this term is
negligible in most applications.
V
out
+
1.25 Vǒ1
)
R
2
R
1
Ǔ
)
I
Adj
R
2
LM317
V
in
V
out
R
1
240
R
2
Adjust
I
Adj
Cin*
0.1
µ
F
+
CO**
1.0
µ
F
Motorola, Inc. 1996 Rev 1
Page 2
LM317
2
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Symbol Value Unit
Input–Output Voltage Differential VI–V
O
40 Vdc
Power Dissipation
Case 221A
TA = +25°C P
D
Internally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient θ
JA
65 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case θ
JC
5.0 °C/W
Case 936 (D2PAK)
TA = +25°C P
D
Internally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient θ
JA
70 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case θ
JC
5.0 °C/W
Operating Junction Temperature Range T
J
–40 to +125 °C
Storage Temperature Range T
stg
–65 to +150 °C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V
I–VO
= 5.0 V; IO = 0.5 A for D2T and T packages; TJ = T
low
to T
high
[Note 1]; I
max
and P
max
[Note 2]; unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristics
Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Line Regulation (Note 3), TA = +25°C, 3.0 V VI–VO 40 V 1 Reg
line
0.01 0.04 %/V
Load Regulation (Note 3), TA = +25°C, 10 mA IO I
max
VO 5.0 V VO 5.0 V
2 Reg
load
– –
5.0
0.1
25
0.5
mV
% V
O
Thermal Regulation, TA = +25°C (Note 6), 20 ms Pulse Reg
therm
0.03 0.07 % VO/W
Adjustment Pin Current 3 I
Adj
50 100 µA
Adjustment Pin Current Change, 2.5 V VI–VO 40 V,
10 mA IL I
max
, PD P
max
1, 2 I
Adj
0.2 5.0 µA
Reference Voltage, 3.0 V VI–VO 40 V,
10 mA IO I
max
, PD P
max
3 V
ref
1.2 1.25 1.3 V
Line Regulation (Note 3), 3.0 V VI–VO 40 V 1 Reg
line
0.02 0.07 % V
Load Regulation (Note 3), 10 mA IO I
max
VO 5.0 V VO 5.0 V
2 Reg
load
– –
20
0.3
70
1.5
mV
% V
O
Temperature Stability (T
low
TJ T
high
) 3 T
S
0.7 % V
O
Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (VI–VO = 40 V) 3 I
Lmin
3.5 10 mA
Maximum Output Current
VI–VO 15 V, PD P
max,
T Package
VI–VO = 40 V, PD P
max
, TA = +25°C, T Package
3 I
max
1.5
0.15
2.2
0.4
– –
A
RMS Noise, % of VO, TA = +25°C, 10 Hz f 10 kHz N 0.003 % V
O
Ripple Rejection, VO = 10 V, f = 120 Hz (Note 4)
Without C
Adj
C
Adj
= 10 µF
4 RR
66
65 80
– –
dB
Long–Term Stability, TJ = T
high
(Note 5), TA = +25°C for
Endpoint Measurements
3 S 0.3 1.0 %/1.0 k
Hrs.
Thermal Resistance Junction to Case, T Package R
θJC
5.0 °C/W
NOTES: 1. T
low
to T
high
= 0° to +125°C, for LM317T, D2T. T
low
to T
high
= –40° to +125°C, for LM317BT, BD2T.
2.I
max
= 1.5 A, P
max
= 20 W
3.Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
4.C
Adj
, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground.
5.Since Long–Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot.
6.Power dissipation within an IC voltage regulator produces a temperature gradient on the die, affecting individual IC components on the die. These effects can be minimized by proper integrated circuit design and layout techniques. Thermal Regulation is the effect of these temperature gradients on the output voltage and is expressed in percentage of output change per watt of power change in a specified time.
Page 3
LM317
3
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Representative Schematic Diagram
This device contains 29 active transistors.
31 0
310 230 120
5.6k
V
in
170
6.3V
160
12k
5.0pF
6.8k
13k
6.3V
105
4.0
0.1 V
out
Adjust
12.5k
2.4k
30 pF
30 pF
6.3V
125k
135
190
12.4k
3.6k 5.8k 110 5.1k
6.7k
510
200
Figure 1. Line Regulation and I
Adj
/Line Test Circuit
* Pulse testing required.
* 1% Duty Cycle * is suggested.
*
V
CC
V
IH
V
IL
V
in
V
out
R
L
+
1.0
µ
FC
O
240
1%
R
1
Adjust
R
2
1%
C
in
0.1
µ
F
I
Adj
LM317
Line Regulation (%
ńV)+
|VOH–VOL|
|VOL|
x 100
V
OH
V
OL
Page 4
LM317
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Figure 2. Load Regulation and I
Adj
/Load Test Circuit
Figure 3. Standard Test Circuit
Figure 4. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit
V
O
LM317
VO (min Load) – VO (max Load)
* Pulse testing required.
* 1% Duty Cycle is suggested.
Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) – VO (max Load)
Load Regulation (% VO) = x 100
VO (min Load) VO (max Load)
C
in
0.1
µ
F
Adjust
R
2
1%
CO1.0
µ
F
+
*
R
L
(max Load)
R
L
(min Load)
V
out
R
1
240 1%
V
I
V
in
I
Adj
I
L
* Pulse testing required.
* 1% Duty Cycle is suggested.
V
in
V
out
Adjust
R
1
240 1%
+
1.0
µ
FC
O
R
L
C
in
R
2
1%
To Calculate R2: V
out
= I
SET R2
+ 1.250 V
To Calculate R2: Assume I
SET
= 5.25 mA
I
L
I
Adj
I
SET
V
ref
V
O
V
I
0.1
µ
F
V
in
V
out
V
out
= 10 V
R
L
Cin0.1
µ
F
Adjust
R
1
240 1%
D1* 1N4002
C
O
+
1.0 µF
24 V
14 V
R
2
1.65 k 1%
C
Adj
10
µ
F
+
*D1 Discharges C
Adj
if output is shorted to Ground.
f = 120 Hz
LM317
LM317
VO (min Load)
Page 5
LM317
5
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Figure 5. Load Regulation Figure 6. Current Limit
Figure 7. Adjustment Pin Current Figure 8. Dropout Voltage
Figure 9. Temperature Stability Figure 10. Minimum Operating Current
V
out
, OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%)
Vin = 15 V V
out
= 10 V
I
out
, OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
, ADJUSTMENT PIN CURRENT ( A)
Adj
µ
I
, INPUT–OUTPUT VOLTAGE
in out
V–V
ref
V , REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
I
B
, QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
0.4
0.2 0
–0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
1.26
1.25
1.24
1.23
1.22
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5 0
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
010203040
V
in–Vout
, INPUT–OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
010203040
V
in–Vout
, INPUT–OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
1.0 A
+150°C
IL = 0.5 A
IL = 1.5 A
55°C
150
°
C
TJ = 25°C
V
out
= 100 mV
IL = 1.5 A
500 mA 200 mA
20 mA
+25°C
TJ = –55°C
Page 6
LM317
6
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
V
VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V)
out
, OUTPUT
Figure 11. Ripple Rejection versus Output Voltage
Figure 12. Ripple Rejection versus
Output Current
Figure 13. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency
Figure 14. Output Impedance
Figure 15. Line Transient Response Figure 16. Load Transient Response
V
VOTLAGE CHANGE (V)
in
V
VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V)
out
, INPUT , OUTPUT
CL = 1.0 µF;
C
Adj
= 10
µ
F
V
in
I
CURRENT (A)
L
, LOAD
CL = 1.0 µF;
C
Adj
= 10
µ
F
I
L
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB)
Vin – V
out
= 5 V IL = 500 mA f = 120 Hz TJ = 25
°
C
Without C
Adj
C
Adj
= 10
µ
F
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB)
Vin = 15 V
V
out
= 10 V f = 120 Hz TJ = 25
°
C
Without C
Adj
C
Adj
= 10 µF
Without C
Adj
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB)
IL = 500 mA
Vin = 15 V
V
out
= 10 V
TJ = 25
°
C
C
Adj
= 10 µF
Vin = 15 V
V
out
= 10 V
IL = 500 mA
TJ = 25
°
C
C
Adj
= 10 µF
Without C
Adj
Z
O
, OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ( )
1.5
1.0
0.5 0
–0.5 –1.0 –1.5
1.0
0.5 0
3.0
2.0
1.0 0
–1.0 –2.0 –3.0
1.5
1.0
0.5 0
100
80
60
40
20
0
120 100
80 60 40 20
0
100
80
60
40
20
0
10
1
10
0
10
–1
10
–2
10
–3
010203040
t, TIME (
µ
s)
010203040
0 5.0 10 15 20 25 30 35
V
out
, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.01 0.1 1.0 10 IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M 10 M
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
t, TIME (µs)
Vin = 15 V
V
out
= 10 V
INL = 50 mA
TJ = 25
°
C
V
out
= 10 V
IL = 50 mA
TJ = 25
°
C
CL = 0; Without C
Adj
CL = 0; Without C
Adj
Page 7
LM317
7
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Basic Circuit Operation
The LM317 is a 3–terminal floating regulator. In operation, the LM317 develops and maintains a nominal 1.25 V reference (V
ref
) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current (I
PROG
) by R1 (see Figure 17), and this constant current flows
through R2 to ground.
The regulated output voltage is given by:
V
out
+
V
ref
ǒ
1
)
R
2
R
1
Ǔ
)
I
Adj
R
2
Since the current from the adjustment terminal (I
Adj
) represents an error term in the equation, the LM317 was designed to control I
Adj
to less than 100 µA and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise.
Since the LM317 is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible.
Figure 17. Basic Circuit Configuration
+
V
ref
Adjust
V
in
V
out
LM317
R
1
I
PROG
V
out
R
2
I
Adj
V
ref
= 1.25 V Typical
V
out
Load Regulation
The LM317 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation.
External Capacitors
A 0.1 µF disc or 1.0 µF tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance.
The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (C
Adj
) prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10 µF capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application.
Although the LM317 is stable with no output capacitance, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. An output capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1.0 µF tantalum or 25 µF aluminum electrolytic capacitor on the output swamps this effect and insures stability.
Protection Diodes
When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator.
Figure 18 shows the LM317 with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of 25 V or high capacitance values (CO > 25 µF, C
Adj
> 10 µF). Diode D
1
prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor C
Adj
discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents C
Adj
from
discharging through the IC during an input short circuit.
Figure 18. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes
D
1
V
in
C
in
1N4002
LM317
V
out
R
1
+
C
O
D
2
R
2
C
Adj
1N4002
Adjust
Figure 19. D2PAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum
Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
R , THERMAL RESISTANCE
JA
θ
JUNCTION-TO-AIR ( C/W)
°
2.0 oz. Copper L
L
P
D
, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)
30
40
50
60
70
80
010203025155.0 L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
Minimum
Size Pad
Free Air Mounted Vertically
R
θ
JA
P
D(max)
for TA = +50°C
Page 8
LM317
8
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Figure 20. ‘‘Laboratory’’ Power Supply with Adjustable Current Limit and Output Voltage
D6*
1N4002
V
in
32 V to 40 V
V
in1
LM317
(1)
Adjust 1
V
out1
R
SC
V
in2
V
out 2
I
out
V
out
IN4001
IN4001
240 D
5
1N4001
+
1.0
µ
F
Tantalum
1.0K
Current
Limit
Adjust
Q
1
2N3822
5.0 k
Adjust 2
Voltage Adjust
+
10
µ
F
D
3
D
4
D
1
1N4001
Q
2
2N5640
–10 V
Output Range: 0
VO ≤25 V
Output Range: 0
IO ≤1.5 A
* Diodes D1 and D2 and transistor Q2 are added to * allow adjustment of output voltage to 0 V .
* D6 protects both LM317’s during an input short circuit.
D
2
1N4001
–10 V
0.1
µ
F
LM317
(2)
Figure 21. Adjustable Current Limiter Figure 22. 5.0 V Electronic Shutdown Regulator
V
ref
+25 V
V
in
LM317
V
out
R
1
1.25
Adjust
I
out
D
2
1N4001
2N5640
R
2
100
* To provide current limiting of IO to the system
* ground, the source of the FET must be tied to a * negative voltage below – 1.25 V .
R2
V
ref
R1 =
VSS*
D
1
1N4001
VO < BV
DSS
+ 1.25 V + VSS,
I
Lmin
– I
DSS
< IO < 1.5 A.
As shown 0 < IO < 1.0 A.
V
in
D1*
1N4002
V
out
120
Adjust
720
+
1.0
µ
F
MPS2222
1.0 k
TTL Control
LM317
Minimum V
out
= 1.25 V
* D1 protects the device during an input short circuit.
I
Omax
+ I
DSS
I
DDS
Figure 23. Slow Turn–On Regulator Figure 24. Current Regulator
+
1.25 V R
1
+
10
µ
F
V
in
V
out
240
1N4001
LM317
Adjust
MPS2907
R
2
50 k
LM317
V
in
V
out
R
1
Adjust
I
Adj
I
out
10 mA
I
out
≤ 1.5 A
I
out
+ ǒ
V
ref
R
1
Ǔ)
I
Adj
Page 9
LM317
9
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 221A–06
ISSUE Y
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
MIN MINMAX MAX
INCHES MILLIMETERS
DIM
A B C D
F G H
J K
L N Q R S
T U V
Z
14.48
9.66
4.07
0.64
3.61
2.42
2.80
0.46
12.70
1.15
4.83
2.54
2.04
1.15
5.97
0.00
1.15 –
15.75
10.28
4.82
0.88
3.73
2.66
3.93
0.64
14.27
1.52
5.33
3.04
2.79
1.39
6.47
1.27 –
2.04
0.570
0.380
0.160
0.025
0.142
0.095
0.110
0.018
0.500
0.045
0.190
0.100
0.080
0.045
0.235
0.000
0.045 –
0.620
0.405
0.190
0.035
0.147
0.105
0.155
0.025
0.562
0.060
0.210
0.120
0.110
0.055
0.255
0.050 –
0.080
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIM Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED.
–T
SEATING PLANE
C
S
T
U
J
R
F
B
Q
H
Z
L
V
G
N
D
K
A
4
123
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936–03
(D2PAK) ISSUE B
5 REF5 REF
A
12 3
K
F
B
J
S
H
0.010 (0.254) T
M
D
G
C
E
–T
M
L
P
N
R
V
U
TERMINAL 4
NOTES:
1 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982. 2 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS
A AND K. 4 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM
MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 4. 5 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH
AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED
0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM.
DIMAMIN MAX MIN MAX
MILLIMETERS
0.386 0.403 9.804 10.236
INCHES
B 0.356 0.368 9.042 9.347 C 0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572 D 0.026 0.036 0.660 0.914 E 0.045 0.055 1.143 1.397 F 0.051 REF 1.295 REF G 0.100 BSC 2.540 BSC H 0.539 0.579 13.691 14.707
J 0.125 MAX 3.175 MAX K 0.050 REF 1.270 REF L 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.254 M 0.088 0.102 2.235 2.591 N 0.018 0.026 0.457 0.660 P 0.058 0.078 1.473 1.981 R S 0.116 REF 2.946 REF U 0.200 MIN 5.080 MIN V 0.250 MIN 6.350 MIN
__
OPTIONAL CHAMFER
Page 10
LM317
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MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
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LM317/D
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