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LM2936-5.0
Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator
LM2936-5.0 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator
February 2000
General Description
The LM2936 ultra-low quiescent current regulator features
low dropout voltage and low current in the standby mode.
With less than 15 µA quiescent current at a 100 µAload, the
LM2936 is ideally suited for automotive and other battery operated systems. The LM2936 retains all of the features that
are common to low dropout regulators including a low dropout PNP pass device, short circuit protection, reverse battery
protection, and thermal shutdown. The LM2936 has a 40V
maximum operating voltage limit, a −40˚C to +125˚C operating temperature range, and
over the entire output current, input voltage, and temperature range. The LM2936 is available in a TO-92 package, a
SO-8 surface mount package, and a TO-252 surface mount
power package.
±
3%output voltage tolerance
Typical Application
Features
n Ultra low quiescent current (IQ≤ 15 µA for IO≤ 100 µA)
n Fixed 5V, 50 mA output
n Output tolerance
n Dropout voltage typically 200 mV
n Reverse battery protection
n −50V reverse transient protection
n Internal short circuit current limit
n Internal thermal shutdown protection
n 40V operating voltage limit
±
3%over line, load, and temperature
=
@
I
50 mA
O
DS009759-1
* Required if regulator is located more than 2" from power supply filter capacitor.
*
Required for stability. Must be rated for 10 µF minimum over intended operating temperature range. Effective series resistance (ESR) is critical, see
*
curve. Locate capacitor as close as possible to the regulator output and ground pins. Capacitance may be increased without bound.
Connection Diagrams
TO-252
DS009759-25
Top View
Order Number LM2936DT-5.0
See NS Package Number TD03B
© 2000 National Semiconductor Corporation DS009759 www.national.com
Order Number LM2936MP-5.0
See NS Package Number MA04A
SOT-223
DS009759-26
Top View
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Connection Diagrams (Continued)
LM2936-5.0
8-Pin SO (M)
DS009759-6
Top View
Order Number LM2936M-5.0
See NS Package Number M08A
TO-92
DS009759-2
Bottom View
Order Number LM2936Z-5.0
See NS Package Number Z03A
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LM2936-5.0
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Input Voltage (Survival) +60V, −50V
ESD Susceptibility (Note 2) 2000V
Power Dissipation (Note 3) Internally limited
Junction Temperature (T
Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to +150˚C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10
sec.) 260˚C
) 150˚C
Jmax
Operating Ratings
Operating Temperature Range −40˚C to +125˚C
Maximum Input Voltage (Operational) 40V
TO-92 (Z03A) θ
SO-8 (M08A) θ
SO-8 (M08A) θ
JA
JA
JC
TO-252 (TD03B) θ
TO-252 (TD03B) θ
SOT-223 (MA04A) θ
SOT-223 (MA04A) θ
JA
JC
JA
JC
195˚C/W
140˚C/W
45˚C/W
136˚C/W
6˚C/W
149˚C/W
36˚C/W
Electrical Characteristics
=
V
14V, I
IN
Output Voltage 5.5V ≤ V
Quiescent Current I
Line Regulation 9V ≤ VIN≤ 16V 5 10 mV
Load Regulation 100 µA ≤ I
Dropout Voltage I
Short Circuit Current V
Output Impedance I
Output Noise Voltage 10 Hz–100 kHz 500 µV
Long Term Stability 20 mV/1000 Hr
Ripple Rejection V
Reverse Polarity R
DC Input Voltage
Reverse Polarity R
Transient Input Voltage
Output Leakage with V
Reverse Polarity Input
Maximum Line Transient R
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating
the device beyond its specified operating ratings.
Note 2: Human body model, 100 pF discharge through a 1.5 kΩ resistor.
Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of T
=
P
(T
D
Jmax−TA
Note 4: Typicals are at 25˚C (unless otherwise specified) and represent the most likely parametric norm.
Note 5: Tested limits are guaranteed to National’s AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level) and 100%tested.
Note 6: To ensure constant junction temperature, pulse testing is used.
=
O
10 mA, T
=
25˚C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range
J
Typical Tested
Parameter Conditions (Note 4) Limit Units
(Note 5)
≤ 26V, 4.85 V
IN
min
IO≤ 50 mA (Note 6) 5 V
=
100 µA, 8V ≤ V
O
=
I
10 mA, 8V ≤ V
O
=
I
50 mA, 8V ≤ V
O
6V ≤ VIN≤ 40V, I
≤ 5mA 10 30 mV
O
5.15 V
≤ 24V 9 15 µA
IN
≤ 24V 0.20 0.50 mA
IN
≤ 24V 1.5 2.5 mA
IN
=
1mA 10 30
O
max
max
max
max
max
max
5mA≤IO≤50 mA 10 30
=
100 µA 0.05 0.10 V
O
=
I
50 mA 0.20 0.40 V
O
=
0V 120 65 mA
O
250 mA
=
30 mAdc and 10 mArms, 450 mΩ
O
=
1000 Hz
f
=
1V
ripple
=
L
=
L
=
IN
=
L
)/θJA. If this dissipation is exceeded, the die temperature will rise above 150˚C and the LM2936 will go into thermal shutdown.
rms,fripple
500Ω,V
O
500Ω,T=1 ms −80 −50 V
−15V, R
500Ω,V
O
=
120 Hz 60 40 dB
≥−0.3V −15 V
=
500Ω −0.1 −600 µA
L
≤5.5V, T=40 ms 60 V
, θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is
Jmax
max
max
min
max
rms
min
min
min
max
min
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Typical Performance Characteristics
Maximum Power
Dissipation (TO-92)
LM2936-5.0
Quiescent Current
DS009759-7
Dropout Voltage
Quiescent Current
DS009759-8
Dropout Voltage
DS009759-9
Quiescent Current
Quiescent Current
Peak Output Current
DS009759-10
DS009759-13
Quiescent Current
Peak Output Current
DS009759-11
DS009759-14
DS009759-12
Output Capacitor ESR
DS009759-15
Current Limit
DS009759-16
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DS009759-17
DS009759-18
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
LM2936-5.0
Line Transient Response
Load Transient Response
DS009759-19
Output at
Voltage Extremes
Low Voltage Behavior
Ripple Rejection
DS009759-21
DS009759-20
Output Impedance
DS009759-22
Applications Information
Unlike other PNP low dropout regulators, the LM2936 remains fully operational to 40V. Owing to power dissipation
characteristics of the available packages, full output current
cannot be guaranteed for all combinations of ambient temperature and input voltage. As an example, consider an
LM2936Z operating at 25˚C ambient. Using the formula for
maximum allowable power dissipation given in (Note 3) , we
find that P
tribution of the quiescent current to total power dissipation
the maximum input voltage (while still delivering 50 mA output current) is 17.3V.The LM2936Z will go into thermal shutdown if it attempts to deliver full output current with an input
voltage of more than 17.3V. Similarly, at 40V input and 25˚C
ambient the LM2936Z can deliver 18 mA maximum.
Under conditions of higher ambient temperatures, the voltage and current calculated in the previous examples will
drop. For instance, at the maximum ambient of 125˚C the
LM2936Z can only dissipate 128 mW, limiting the input voltage to 7.34V for a 50 mA load, or 3.5 mA output current for
a 40V input.
The junction to ambient thermal resistance θ
two distinct components: the junction to case thermal resistance rating θ
rating θ
CA
For the SO-8 and TO-252 surface mount packages the θ
rating can be improved by using the copper mounting pads
on the printed circuit board as a thermal conductive path to
extract heat from the package.
=
641 mW at 25˚C. Including the small con-
Dmax
; and the case to ambient thermal resistance
JC
. The relationship is defined as: θ
JA
rating has
JA
=
θ
JC
+ θCA.
DS009759-23
DS009759-24
On the SO-8 package the four ground pins are thermally
connected to the backside of the die. Adding approximately
0.04 square inches of 2 oz. copper pad area to these four
pins will improve the θ
rating to approximately 110˚C/W. If
JA
this extra pad are is placed directly beneath the package
there should not be any impact on board density.
On the TO-252 package the ground tab is thermally connected to the backside of the die. Adding 1 square inch of 2
oz. copper pad area directly under the ground tab will improve the θ
rating to approximately 50˚C/W.
JA
While the LM2936 has an internally set thermal shutdown
point of typically 150˚C, this is intended as a safety feature
only. Continuous operation near the thermal shutdown temperature should be avoided as it may have a negative affect
on the life of the device.
While the LM2936 maintains regulation to 60V, it will not
withstand a short circuit above 40V because of safe operating area limitations in the internal PNP pass device. Above
60V the LM2936 will break down with catastrophic effects on
the regulator and possibly the load as well. Do not use this
device in a design where the input operating voltage may exceed 40V, or where transients are likely to exceed 60V.
JA
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Equivalent Schematic Diagram
LM2936-5.0
DS009759-5
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
LM2936-5.0
8-Lead Small Outline Molded Package (M)
NS Package Number M08A
TO-252 Package (DT)
NS Package Number TD03B
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
LM2936-5.0
3-Lead TO-92 Plastic Package (Z)
NS Package Number Z03A
SOT-223 Package (MP)
NS Package Number MA04A
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Notes
LM2936-5.0 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL
COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and
whose failure to perform when properly used in
accordance with instructions for use provided in the
2. A critical component is any component of a life
support device or system whose failure to perform
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of
the life support device or system, or to affect its
safety or effectiveness.
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a
significant injury to the user.
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Corporation
Americas
Tel: 1-800-272-9959
Fax: 1-800-737-7018
Email: support@nsc.com
www.national.com
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
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