– Single supply: +3 V to +30 V
– Dual supplies: ±1.5 V to ±15 V
Order codeTemperature rangePackagePackaging
LM224ADT
LM224APTTSSOP14
LM324ADT
LM324APTTSSOP14
Description
These circuits consist of four independent, high
gain operational amplifiers with frequency
compensation implemented internally. They
operate from a single power supply over a wide
range of voltages.
Operation from split power supplies is also
possible and the low power supply current drain is
independent of the magnitude of the power
supply voltage.
Table 1. Device summary
SO14
-40 °C to 105 °C
Tape and reel
SO14
0 °C to 70 °C
December 2013DocID4797 Rev 61/16
This is information on a product in full production.
LM224A, LM324APin connections and schematic diagram
1 Pin connections and schematic diagram
Figure 1. Pin connections (top view)
Figure 2. Schematic diagram (1/4 LM124)
DocID4797 Rev 63/16
16
Page 4
Absolute maximum ratingsLM224A, LM324A
2 Absolute maximum ratings
Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings
SymbolParameterLM224ALM324AUnit
V
T
R
V
P
I
oper
T
CC
in
stg
thja
Supply voltage ±16 or 32
Input voltage-0.3 to VCC + 0.3
i
Differential input voltage
id
(1)
Power dissipation:
tot
D suffix400
Output short-circuit duration
Input current
(3)
(2)
Operating free-air temperature range-40 to +1050 to +70
Storage temperature range-65 to +150
Maximum junction temperature150
j
Thermal resistance junction to ambient
(4)
:
SO14
TSSOP14
VV
32
mW
Infinite
50mA
°CT
103
100
°C/W
Thermal resistance junction to case:
R
thjc
ESD
SO14
TSSOP14
HBM: human body model
(6)
(5)
31
32
800
100
VMM: machine model
CDM: charged device model1500
+
1. Neither of the input voltages must exceed the magnitude of V
2. Short-circuits from the output to VCC can cause excessive heating if VCC > 15 V. The maximum output
current is approximately 40 mA independent of the magnitude of V
from simultaneous short-circuits on all amplifiers.
3. This input current only exists when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the
collector-base junction of the input PNP transistor becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input
diode clamps. In addition to this diode action, there is also NPN parasitic action on the IC chip. This
transistor action can cause the output voltages of the op-amps to go to the V
for a large overdrive) for the time during which an input is driven negative.
This is not destructive and normal output will set up again for input voltage higher than -0.3 V.
4. Short-circuits can cause excessive heating. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous shortcircuits on all amplifiers. These are typical values given for a single layer board (except for TSSOP which is
a two-layer board).
5. Human body model: 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor between two pins of the device, done for
all couples of pin combinations with other pins floating.
6. Machine model: a 200 pF cap is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two
pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 Ω), done for all couples of pin
combinations with other pins floating.
CC
-
or V
.
CC
. Destructive dissipation can result
CC
voltage level (or to ground
CC
4/16DocID4797 Rev 6
Page 5
LM224A, LM324AElectrical characteristics
3 Electrical characteristics
Table 3. V
+
= +5 V, V
CC
-
= Ground, Vo = 1.4 V, T
CC
= +25 °C
amb
(unless otherwise specified)
SymbolParameterMin.Typ.Max.Unit
≤ T
≤ T
≤ T
≤ T
≤ T
≤ T
(3)
≤ T
≤ T
max
max
(2)
max
max
max
max
max
max
(1)
:
235mV
220
40
:
20100
200
V/mV
≤ 10 kΩ):
s
5025100
6565110
≤ 10 kΩ):
s
0.7
1.5
0.8
1.5
0
0
1.2
3
1.2
3
VCC -1.5
-2
V
CC
mA
706080dB
mA
V
I
io
I
ib
A
vd
SVR
I
CC
V
icm
CMR
I
source
Input offset voltage
T
T
amb
min
= +25° C
≤ T
amb
io
Input offset current:
= +25° C
T
amb
T
≤ T
min
amb
Input bias current
= +25° C
T
amb
T
≤ T
min
amb
Large signal voltage gain:
+
= +15 V, RL = 2 kΩ, Vo = 1.4 V to 11.4 V
V
CC
T
= +25° C
amb
T
≤ T
min
amb
Supply voltage rejection ratio (R
+
= 5 V to 30 V
V
CC
= +25° C
T
amb
T
≤ T
min
amb
Supply current, all Amp, no load:
= +25° C
–T
amb
VCC = +5V
V
= +30 V
CC
≤ T
–T
min
amb
VCC = +5 V
V
= +30 V
CC
Input common mode voltage range:
= +30 V
V
CC
T
= +25° C
amb
T
≤ T
min
amb
Common mode rejection ratio (R
= +25° C
T
amb
T
≤ T
min
amb
Output current source (Vid = +1 V):
VCC = +15 V, Vo = +2 V204070
nA
dB
V
I
sink
Output sink current (Vid = -1 V):
= +15 V, Vo = +2 V
V
CC
V
= +15 V, Vo = +0.2 V
CC
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101220
50
mA
µA
16
Page 6
Electrical characteristicsLM224A, LM324A
nV
Hz
------------
Table 3. V
+
= +5 V, V
CC
-
= Ground, Vo = 1.4 V, T
CC
= +25 °C
amb
(unless otherwise specified) (continued)
SymbolParameterMin.Typ.Max.Unit
High level output voltage VCC = +30 V, RL = 2 kΩ
T
= +25°C
amb
T
≤ T
min
= +30 V, RL = 10 kΩ
V
V
OH
CC
T
T
amb
min
≤ T
amb
= +25° C
≤ T
≤ T
amb
max
max
VCC = +5 V, RL = 2 kΩ
= +25° C
T
amb
T
≤ T
amb
≤ T
max
min
Low level output voltage (RL = 10kΩ):
V
OL
T
T
amb
min
= +25°C
≤ T
≤ T
amb
max
Slew rate:
SR
= 15 V, Vi = 0.5 to 3 V, RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 100 pF,
V
CC
unity gain
Gain bandwidth product:
GBP
V
= 30 V, f =100 kHz, Vin = 10 mV, RL = 2 kΩ,
CC
= 100pF
C
L
Total harmonic distortion:
THD
f = 1kHz, A
= 20dB, RL = 2kΩ, Vo = 2Vpp, CL =
v
100pF, VCC = 30V
Equivalent input noise voltage:
e
n
f = 1 kHz, R
DV
DI
Vo1/V
1. Vo = 1.4 V, Rs = 0 Ω, 5 V < V
2. The direction of the input current is out of the IC. This current is essentially constant, independent of the
3. The input common-mode voltage of either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by
4. Due to the proximity of external components, ensure that there is no coupling originating from stray
Input offset voltage drift730μV/°C
io
Input offset current drift10200pA/°C
io
Channel separation
o2
state of the output so there is no load change on the input lines.
more than 0.3 V. The upper end of the common-mode voltage range is V
inputs can go to +32 V without damage.
capacitance between these external parts. Typically, this can be detected at higher frequencies because
this type of capacitance increases.
= 100 Ω, VCC = 30 V40
s
(4)
- 1kHz ≤ f ≤ 20 kHZ120dB
+
< 30 V, 0 < Vic < V
CC
CC
+
- 1.5 V
262627
272728
3.5
3
52020mV
0.4
1.3
0.015
+
- 1.5 V, but either or both
CC
V/µs
MHz
V
%
6/16DocID4797 Rev 6
Page 7
LM224A, LM324AElectrical characteristics
,% Q$
&
7(03(5$785(
287387&855(17P$
Figure 3. Input bias current vs. temperatureFigure 4. Output current limitation
Figure 5. Input voltage rangeFigure 6. Supply current vs. supply voltage
Figure 7. Gain bandwidth product vs.
Figure 8. Common mode rejection ratio
temperature
DocID4797 Rev 67/16
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Page 8
Electrical characteristicsLM224A, LM324A
Figure 9. Open loop frequency responseFigure 10. Large signal frequency response
Figure 11. Voltage follower pulse responseFigure 12. Output characteristics
(current sinking)
Figure 13. Voltage follower pulse response
(small signal)
8/16DocID4797 Rev 6
Figure 14. Output characteristics
(current sourcing)
Page 9
LM224A, LM324AElectrical characteristics
Figure 15. Input current vs. supply voltageFigure 16. Large signal voltage gain vs.
temperature
Figure 17. Power supply and common mode
Figure 18. Voltage gain vs. supply voltage
rejection ratio vs. temperature
DocID4797 Rev 69/16
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Page 10
Typical single-supply applicationsLM224A, LM324A
if R1 = R5 and R3 = R4 = R6 = R7
e
0
= (e2 -e1)
As shown e
0
= 101 (e2 - e1).
1
2R
1
R
2
-----------+
e0 = e1 +e2 -e3 -e
4
Where (e1 +e2) ≥ (e3 +e4)
to keep e
0
≥ 0V
4 Typical single-supply applications
Figure 19. AC coupled inverting amplifierFigure 20. High input Z adjustable gain DC
instrumentation amplifier
Figure 21. AC coupled non inverting amplifierFigure 22. DC summing amplifier
10/16DocID4797 Rev 6
Figure 23. Non-inverting DC gainFigure 24. Low drift peak detector
Page 11
LM224A, LM324ATypical single-supply applications
Fo = 1kHz
Q = 50
Av = 100 (40dB)
For
(CMRR depends on this resistor ratio match)
R
1
R
2
-------
R
4
R
3
-------=
e0 (e2 - e1)
As shown e0 = (e2 - e1)
1
R
4
R
3
-------+
⎝⎠
⎛⎞
Figure 25. Active bandpass filterFigure 26. High input Z, DC differential amplifier
Figure 27. Using symmetrical amplifiers to reduce input current (general concept)
DocID4797 Rev 611/16
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Page 12
Package informationLM224A, LM324A
5 Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at:
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
®
packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
www.st.com.
12/16DocID4797 Rev 6
Page 13
LM224A, LM324APackage information
*$06&%
5.1 SO14 package information
Figure 28. SO14 package mechanical drawing
Figure 29. SO14 package mechanical data
Dimensions
Ref.
MillimetersInches
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A1.750.068
a10.10.20.0030.007
a21.650.064
b0.350.460.0130.018
b10.190.250.0070.010
C0.50.019
c145 ˚45 ˚
D8.558.750.3360.344
E5.86.20.2280.244
e1.270.050
e37.620.300
F3.84.00.1490.157
G4.65.30.1810.208
L0.51.270.0190.050
M0.680.026
S8 ˚8 ˚
DocID4797 Rev 613/16
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Page 14
Package informationLM224A, LM324A
F
(
E
$
$
(
'
3,1,'(17,),&$7,21
$
/
.
H
*$06&%
5.2 TSSOP14 package information
Figure 30. TSSOP14 package mechanical drawing
Figure 31. TSSOP14 package mechanical data
Dimensions
Ref.
MillimetersInches
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A1.20.047
A10.050.150.0020.0040.006
A20.811.050.0310.0390.041
b0.190.300.0070.012
c0.090.200.0040.0089
D4.955.10.1930.1970.201
E6.26.46.60.2440.2520.260
E14.34.44.480.1690.1730.176
e0.65 BSC0.0256 BSC
K0 ˚8 ˚0 ˚8 ˚
L0.450.600.750.0180.0240.030
14/16DocID4797 Rev 6
Page 15
LM224A, LM324ARevision history
6 Revision history
0
Table 4. Document revision history
DateRevisionChanges
1-Mar-20011First Release
1-Feb-20052
Added explanation of V
Updated macromodel.
and Vi limits in Table 2 on page 4.
id
1-Jun-20053ESD protection inserted in Table 2 on page 4.
25-Sep-20064Editorial update.
Removed DIP package and all information pertaining to it
Table 1: Device summary: Removed order codes LM224AN,
LM224AD, LM324AN, and LM324AD; updated packaging.
Table 2: Absolute maximum ratings: removed N suffix power
Updated axes titles of Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 7, and Figure 17.
Removed duplicate figures.
Removed Section 5: Macromodels
06-Dec-20136
Table 2: Absolute maximum ratings: updated ESD data for HBM and
MM.
DocID4797 Rev 615/16
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LM224A, LM324A
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