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L78
Positive voltage regulator ICs
Datasheet - production data
Features
Output current up to 1.5 A
Output voltages of 5; 6; 8; 8.5; 9; 12; 15; 18;
24 V
Thermal overload protection
Short circuit protection
Output transition SOA protection
2 % output voltage tolerance (A version)
Guaranteed in extended temperature range
(A version)
Description
The L78 series of three-terminal positive
regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP,
D²PAK and DPAK packages and several fixed
output voltages, making it useful in a wide range
of applications.
These regulators can provide local on-card
regulation, eliminating the distribution problems
associated with single point regulation. Each type
embeds internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area protection, making it
essentially indestructible. If adequate heat
sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1 A
output current. Although designed primarily as
fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be
used with external components to obtain
adjustable voltage and currents.
8 Package information ..................................................................... 33
8.1 TO-220 (dual gauge) package information ...................................... 34
8.2 TO-220 (single gauge) package information ................................... 36
8.3 TO-220FP package information ...................................................... 38
8.4 TO-220 packing information ............................................................ 40
8.5 DPAK package information ............................................................. 41
8.6 D²PAK (SMD 2L STD-ST) type A package information ................... 44
8.7 D²PAK (SMD 2L Wooseok-subcon.) package information .............. 46
8.8 D²PAK and DPAK packing information ........................................... 49
9 Ordering information ..................................................................... 52
10 Revision history ............................................................................ 53
Page 3
L78
Diagram
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1 Diagram
Figure 1: Block diagram
Page 4
Pin configuration
L78
4/54
DocID2143 Rev 34
2 Pin configuration
Figure 2: Pin connections (top view)
Figure 3: Schematic diagram
Page 5
L78
Maximum ratings
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Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
VI
DC input voltage
for VO= 5 to 18 V
35
V
for VO= 20, 24 V
40
IO
Output current
Internally limited
PD
Power dissipation
Internally limited
T
STG
Storage temperature range
-65 to 150
°C
TOP
Operating junction temperature range
for L78xxC, L78xxAC
0 to 125
°C
for L78xxAB
-40 to 125
Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device
may occur. Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
Symbol
Parameter
D²PAK
DPAK
TO-220
TO-220FP
Unit
R
thJC
Thermal resistance junction-case
3 8 5
5
°C/W
R
thJA
Thermal resistance junction-ambient
62.5
100
50
60
°C/W
3 Maximum ratings
Table 1: Absolute maximum ratings
Table 2: Thermal data
Figure 4: Application circuits
Page 6
Test circuits
L78
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DocID2143 Rev 34
4 Test circuits
Figure 5: DC parameter
Figure 6: Load regulation
Figure 7: Ripple rejection
Page 7
L78
Electrical characteristics
DocID2143 Rev 34
7/54
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
4.9 5 5.1 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 7.5 to 18 V
4.8 5 5.2 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 18 to 20 V, TJ = 25 °C
4.8 5 5.2
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 7.5 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C
7
50
mV
VI = 8 to 12 V
10
50
mV
VI = 8 to 12 V, TJ = 25 °C
2
25
mV
VI = 7.3 to 20 V, TJ = 25 °C
7
50
mV
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
25
100
mV
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
30
100
IO = 250 to 750 mA
8
50
Iq
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
4.3 6 mA 6 mA
∆I
q
Quiescent current change
VI = 8 to 23 V, IO = 500 mA
0.8
mA
VI = 7.5 to 20 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.8
mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 500 mA
68
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V eN
Output noise voltage
TA = 25 °C, B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
10
µV/VO
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TA = 25 °C
0.2 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
-1.1
mV/°C
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
5 Electrical characteristics
VI = 10 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7805AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7805AB), unless
otherwise specifieda
Table 3: Electrical characteristics of L7805A
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
L78
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
5.88 6 6.12 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 8.6 to 19 V
5.76 6 6.24 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 19 to 21 V, TJ = 25 °C
5.76 6 6.24
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 8.6 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C
9
60
mV
VI = 9 to 13 V
11
60
mV
VI = 9 to 13 V, TJ = 25 °C
3
30
mV
VI = 8.3 to 21 V, TJ = 25 °C
9
60
mV
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
25
100
mV
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
30
100
IO = 250 to 750 mA
10
50
Iq
Quiescent current
TJ = 25° C
4.3 6 mA
6
mA
∆I
q
Quiescent current change
VI = 9 to 24 V, IO = 500 mA
0.8
mA
VI = 8.6 to 21 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.8
mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 500 mA
65
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V eN
Output noise voltage
TA = 25 °C, B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
10
µV/VO
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TA = 25 °C
0.2 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
-0.8
mV/°C
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
VI = 11 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7806AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7806AB), unless
otherwise specifieda
Table 4: Electrical characteristics of L7806A
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
Page 9
L78
Electrical characteristics
DocID2143 Rev 34
9/54
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
7.84 8 8.16 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 10.6 to 21 V
7.7 8 8.3 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 21 to 23 V, TJ = 25 °C
7.7 8 8.3
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 10.6 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C
12
80
mV
VI = 11 to 17 V
15
80
mV
VI = 11 to 17 V, TJ = 25 °C
5
40
mV
VI = 10.4 to 23 V, TJ = 25 °C
12
80
mV
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
25
100
mV
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
30
100
IO = 250 to 750 mA
10
50
Iq
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
4.3 6 mA
6
mA
∆I
q
Quiescent current change
VI = 11 to 23 V, IO = 500 mA
0.8
mA
VI = 10.6 to 23 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.8
mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 500 mA
62
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V eN
Output noise voltage
TA = 25 °C, B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
10
µV/VO
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TA = 25 °C
0.2 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
-0.8
mV/°C
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
VI = 14 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7808AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7808AB), unless
otherwise specifieda
Table 5: Electrical characteristics of L7808A
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
L78
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
8.82 9 9.18 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 10.6 to 22 V
8.65 9 9.35 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 22 to 24 V, TJ = 25 °C
8.65 9 9.35
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 10.6 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C
12
90
mV
VI = 11 to 17 V
15
90
mV
VI = 11 to 17 V, TJ = 25 °C
5
45
mV
VI = 11.4 to 23 V, TJ = 25 °C
12
90
mV
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
25
100
mV
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
30
100
IO = 250 to 750 mA
10
50
Iq
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
4.3 6 mA
6
mA
∆I
q
Quiescent current change
VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 500 mA
0.8
mA
VI = 10.6 to 23 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.8
mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 500 mA
61
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V eN
Output noise voltage
TA = 25 °C, B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
10
µV/VO
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TA = 25 °C
0.2 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
-0.8
mV/°C
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
VI = 15 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7809AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7809AB), unless
otherwise specifieda
Table 6: Electrical characteristics of L7809A
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
Page 11
L78
Electrical characteristics
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Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
11.75
12
12.25 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 14.8 to 25 V
11.5
12
12.5 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 25 to 27 V, TJ = 25 °C
11.5
12
12.5
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 14.8 to 30 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C
13
120
mV
VI = 16 to 12 V
16
120
mV
VI = 16 to 12 V, TJ = 25 °C
6
60
mV
VI = 14.5 to 27 V, TJ = 25 °C
13
120
mV
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
25
100
mV
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
30
100
IO = 250 to 750 mA
10
50
Iq
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
4.4 6 mA
6
mA
DIq
Quiescent current change
VI = 15 to 30 V, IO = 500 mA
0.8
mA
VI = 14.8 to 27 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.8
mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 15 to 25 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 500 mA
60
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V eN
Output noise voltage
TA = 25 °C, B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz
10
µV/VO
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TA = 25 °C
0.2 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
-1
mV/°C
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
VI = 19 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7812AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7812AB), unless
otherwise specifieda
Table 7: Electrical characteristics of L7812A
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
14.7
15
15.3 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 17.9 to 28 V
14.4
15
15.6 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 28 to 30 V, TJ = 25 °C
14.4
15
15.6
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 17.9 to 30 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C
13
150
mV
VI = 20 to 26 V
16
150
mV
VI = 20 to 26 V, TJ = 25 °C
6
75
mV
VI = 17.5 to 30 V, TJ = 25 °C
13
150
mV
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
25
100
mV
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
30
100
IO = 250 to 750 mA
10
50
Iq
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
4.4 6 mA
6
mA
∆I
q
Quiescent current change
VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 500 mA
0.8
mA
VI = 17.5 to 30 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.8
mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 500 mA
58
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V eN
Output noise voltage
TA = 25 °C, B = 10Hz to 100 kHz
10
µV/VO
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
19
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TA = 25 °C
0.2 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
-1
mV/°C
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
VI = 23 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7815AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7815AB), unless
otherwise specifieda
Table 8: Electrical characteristics of L7815A
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
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Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
23.5
24
24.5 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 27.3 to 37 V
23
24
25 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 37 to 38 V, TJ = 25 °C
23
24
25
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C
31
240
mV
VI = 30 to 36 V
35
200
mV
VI = 30 to 36 V, TJ = 25 °C
14
120
mV
VI = 26.7 to 38 V, TJ = 25 °C
31
240
mV
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
25
100
mV
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
30
100
IO = 250 to 750 mA
10
50
Iq
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
4.6 6 mA
6
mA
∆I
q
Quiescent current change
VI = 27.3 to 38 V, IO = 500 mA
0.8
mA
VI = 27.3 to 38 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.8
mA
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 28 to 38 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 500 mA
54
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V eN
Output noise voltage
TA = 25 °C, B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz
10
µV/VO
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
20 m Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TA = 25 °C
0.2 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
-1.5
mV/°C
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
VI = 33 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 125 °C (L7824AC), TJ = -40 to 125 °C (L7824AB), unless
otherwise specifieda
Table 9: Electrical characteristics of L7824A
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
4.8 5 5.2 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 7 to 18 V
4.75 5 5.25 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 18 to 20V, TJ = 25 °C
4.75 5 5.25
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 7 to 25 V, TJ = 25 °C
3
100
mV
VI = 8 to 12 V, TJ = 25 °C
1
50
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
100
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
50
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25° C
8
mA
∆I
d
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 7 to 23 V
0.8
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-1.1
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25 °C
40
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz
62
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.75 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 10 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specifieda
Table 10: Electrical characteristics of L7805C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
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Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
5.75 6 6.25 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 8 to 19 V
5.7 6 6.3 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 19 to 21 V, TJ = 25 °C
5.7 6 6.3
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 8 to 25 V, TJ = 25 °C
120
mV
VI = 9 to 13 V, TJ = 25 °C
60
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
120
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
60
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
8
mA
DId
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 8 to 24 V
1.3
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-0.8
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25 °C
45
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz
59
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
19
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.55 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 11 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specifieda
Table 11: Electrical characteristics of L7806C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
7.7 8 8.3 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 10.5 to 21 V
7.6 8 8.4 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 21 to 25 V, TJ = 25 °C
7.6 8 8.4
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 10.5 to 25 V, TJ = 25 °C
160
mV
VI = 11 to 17 V, TJ = 25 °C
80
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
160
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
80
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
8
mA
∆I
d
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 10.5 to 25 V
1
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-0.8
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25 °C
52
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz
56
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
16
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.45 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 14 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specifieda
Table 12: Electrical characteristics of L7808C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
Page 17
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Electrical characteristics
DocID2143 Rev 34
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Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
8.2
8.5
8.8 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 11 to 21.5 V
8.1
8.5
8.9 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 21.5 to 26 V, TJ = 25 °C
8.1
8.5
8.9
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 11 to 27 V, TJ = 25 °C
160
mV
VI = 11.5 to 17.5 V, TJ = 25 °C
80
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
160
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
80
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
8
mA
∆I
d
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 11 to 26 V
1
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-0.8
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25 °C
55
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 12 to 22 V, f = 120 Hz
56
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
16
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.45 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 14.5 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF,
CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specifieda
Table 13: Electrical characteristics of L7885C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
8.64 9 9.36 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 11.5 to 22 V
8.55 9 9.45 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 22 to 26 V, TJ = 25 °C
8.55 9 9.45
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 11.5 to 26 V, TJ = 25 °C
180
mV
VI = 12 to 18 V, TJ = 25 °C
90
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
180
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
90
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
8
mA
∆I
d
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 11.5 to 26 V
1
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-1
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25 °C
70
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 12 to 23 V, f = 120 Hz
55
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.40 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 15 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specifieda
Table 14: Electrical characteristics of L7809C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
Page 19
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Electrical characteristics
DocID2143 Rev 34
19/54
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
11.5
12
12.5 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 14.5 to 25 V
11.4
12
12.6 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 25 to 27 V, TJ = 25 °C
11.4
12
12.6
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 14.5 to 30 V, TJ = 25 °C
240
mV
VI = 16 to 22 V, TJ = 25 °C
120
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
240
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
120
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
8
mA
∆I
d
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 14.5 to 30 V
1
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-1
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25 °C
75
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 15 to 25 V, f = 120 Hz
55
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.35 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 19 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specifieda
Table 15: Electrical characteristics of L7812C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
14.4
15
15.6 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 17.5 to 28 V
14.25
15
15.75 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 28 to 30 V, TJ = 25 °C
14.25
15
15.75
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 17.5 to 30 V, TJ = 25 °C
300
mV
VI = 20 to 26 V, TJ = 25 °C
150
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
300
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
150
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
8
mA
∆I
d
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1A
0.5
mA
VI = 17.5 to 30 V
1
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-1
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100kHz, TJ = 25 °C
90
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz
54
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
19
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.23 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.2
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 23 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specifieda
Table 16: Electrical characteristics of L7815C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
Page 21
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Electrical characteristics
DocID2143 Rev 34
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Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
17.3
18
18.7 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 21 to 31 V
17.1
18
18.9 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 31 to 33 V, TJ = 25 °C
17.1
18
18.9
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 21 to 33 V, TJ = 25 °C
360
mV
VI = 24 to 30 V, TJ = 25 °C
180
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
360
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
180
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
8
mA
∆I
d
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 21 to 33 V
1
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-1
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25 °C
110
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 22 to 32 V, f = 120 Hz
53
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
22
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25 °C
0.20 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.1
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 26 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specifieda
Table 17: Electrical characteristics of L7818C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
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Electrical characteristics
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VO
Output voltage
TJ = 25 °C
23
24
25 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 5 mA to 1 A, VI = 27 to 37 V
22.8
24
25.2 V VO
Output voltage
IO = 1 A, VI = 37 to 38 V, TJ = 25 °C
22.8
24
25.2
V
∆V
O
(1)
Line regulation
VI = 27 to 38 V, TJ = 25 °C
480
mV
VI = 30 to 36 V, TJ = 25 °C
240
∆V
O
(1)
Load regulation
IO = 5 mA to 1.5 A, TJ = 25 °C
480
mV
IO = 250 to 750 mA, TJ = 25 °C
240
Id
Quiescent current
TJ = 25 °C
8
mA
∆I
d
Quiescent current change
IO = 5 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 27 to 38 V
1
∆V
O
/∆T
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA
-1.5
mV/°C
eN
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25 °C
170
µV/VO
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
VI = 28 to 38 V, f = 120 Hz
50
dB
Vd
Dropout voltage
IO = 1 A, TJ = 25 °C
2 V RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
28
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 35 V, TJ = 25° C
0.15 A I
scp
Short circuit peak current
TJ = 25 °C
2.1
A
Notes:
(1)
Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into
account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
a
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 0 to 125 °C, VI = 33 V, IO = 500 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specifieda
Table 18: Electrical characteristics of L7824C
Minimum load current for regulation is 5 mA.
Page 23
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Application information
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6 Application information
6.1 Design consideration
The L78 Series of fixed voltage regulators are designed with thermal overload protection
that shuts down the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload condition,
internal short-circuit protection that limits the maximum current the circuit will pass, and
output transistor safe-area compensation that reduces the output short-circuit current as
the voltage across the pass transistor is increased. In many low current applications,
compensation capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended that the regulator
input be bypassed with capacitor if the regulator is connected to the power supply filter with
long lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An input bypass capacitor should be
selected to provide good high frequency characteristics to insure stable operation under all
load conditions. A 0.33 µF or larger tantalum, mylar or other capacitor having low internal
impedance at high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor should be
mounted with the shortest possible leads directly across the regulators input terminals.
Normally good construction techniques should be used to minimize ground loops and lead
resistance drops since the regulator has no external sense lead.
The addition of an operational amplifier allows adjustment to higher or intermediate values
while retaining regulation characteristics. The minimum voltage obtained with the
arrangement is 2 V greater than the regulator voltage.
The circuit of Figure 13: "High current voltage regulator" can be modified to provide supply
protection against short circuit by adding a short circuit sense resistor, RSC, and an
additional PNP transistor. The current sensing PNP must be able to handle the short circuit
current of the three terminal regulator Therefore a four ampere plastic power transistor is
specified.
Figure 8: Fixed output regulator
1. Although no output capacitor is need for stability, it does improve transient response.
2. Required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
Page 24
Application information
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Figure 9: Current regulator
Figure 10: Circuit for increasing output voltage
Figure 11: Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V)
Page 25
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Application information
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Figure 12: 0.5 to 10 V regulator
Figure 13: High current voltage regulator
Figure 14: High output current with short circuit protection
Page 26
Application information
L78
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DocID2143 Rev 34
* Against potential latch-up problems.
Figure 15: Tracking voltage regulator
Figure 16: Split power supply (± 15 V - 1 A)
Page 27
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Application information
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Figure 17: Negative output voltage circuit
Figure 18: Switching regulator
Figure 19: High input voltage circuit (configuration 1)
Page 28
Application information
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Figure 20: High input voltage circuit (configuration 2)
Figure 21: High input and output voltage
Figure 22: Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor
Page 29
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Application information
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The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz.
Figure 23: Remote shutdown
Figure 24: Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO ≤ 0.5)
Page 30
Application information
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Q2 is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with
the temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the VO.
Application with high capacitance loads and an output voltage greater than 6 volts
need an external diode (see Figure 22: "Reducing power dissipation with dropping
resistor") to protect the device against input short circuit. In this case the input
voltage falls rapidly while the output voltage decrease slowly. The capacitance
discharges by means of the base-emitter junction of the series pass transistor in
the regulator. If the energy is sufficiently high, the transistor may be destroyed.
The external diode by-passes the current from the IC to ground.
Figure 25: Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation
Figure 27: Protection against input short-circuit with high capacitance loads
Page 31
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Typical performance
DocID2143 Rev 34
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Figure 28: Dropout voltage vs junction temperature
Figure 29: Peak output current vs input/output
differential voltage
Figure 30: Supply voltage rejection vs frequency
Figure 31: Output voltage vs junction temperature
7 Typical performance
Page 32
Typical performance
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Figure 32: Output impedance vs frequency
Figure 33: Quiescent current vs junction temp.
Figure 34: Load transient response
Figure 35: Line transient response
Figure 36: Quiescent current vs. input voltage
Page 33
L78
Package information
DocID2143 Rev 34
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8 Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Page 34
Package information
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DocID2143 Rev 34
8.1 TO-220 (dual gauge) package information
Figure 37: TO-220 (dual gauge) package outline
Page 35
L78
Package information
DocID2143 Rev 34
35/54
Dim.
mm
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
4.40
4.60
b
0.61
0.88
b1
1.14
1.70
c
0.48
0.70
D
15.25
15.75
D1
1.27 E 10
10.40
e
2.40
2.70
e1
4.95
5.15
F
1.23
1.32
H1
6.20
6.60
J1
2.40
2.72
L
13
14
L1
3.50
3.93
L20
16.40
L30
28.90
∅ P
3.75
3.85
Q
2.65
2.95
Table 19: TO-220 (dual gauge) mechanical data
Page 36
Package information
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DocID2143 Rev 34
8.2 TO-220 (single gauge) package information
Figure 38: TO-220 (single gauge) package outline
Page 37
L78
Package information
DocID2143 Rev 34
37/54
Dim.
mm
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
4.40
4.60
b
0.61
0.88
b1
1.14
1.70
c
0.48
0.70
D
15.25
15.75
E
10.00
10.40
e
2.40
2.70
e1
4.95
5.15
F
0.51
0.60
H1
6.20
6.60
J1
2.40
2.72
L
13.00
14.00
L1
3.50
3.93
L20
16.40
L30
28.90
∅ P
3.75
3.85
Q
2.65
2.95
Table 20: TO-220 (single gauge) mechanical data
Page 38
Package information
L78
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DocID2143 Rev 34
8.3 TO-220FP package information
Figure 39: TO-220FP package outline
Page 39
L78
Package information
DocID2143 Rev 34
39/54
Dim.
mm
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
4.4
4.6 B 2.5
2.7 D 2.5
2.75
E
0.45
0.7
F
0.75 1 F1
1.15
1.70
F2
1.15
1.70
G
4.95
5.2
G1
2.4
2.7 H 10
10.4
L2
16
L3
28.6
30.6
L4
9.8
10.6
L5
2.9
3.6
L6
15.9
16.4
L7 9 9.3
Dia 3 3.2
Table 21: TO-220FP package mechanical data
Page 40
Package information
L78
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DocID2143 Rev 34
8.4 TO-220 packing information
Figure 40: Tube for TO-220 (dual gauge) (mm.)
Figure 41: Tube for TO-220 (single gauge) (mm.)
Page 41
L78
Package information
DocID2143 Rev 34
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0068772_A_21
8.5 DPAK package information
Figure 42: DPAK package outline
Page 42
Package information
L78
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DocID2143 Rev 34
Dim.
mm
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
2.20
2.40
A1
0.90
1.10
A2
0.03
0.23
b
0.64
0.90
b4
5.20
5.40
c
0.45
0.60
c2
0.48
0.60
D
6.00
6.20
D1
5.10
E
6.40
6.60
E1
4.70
e
2.28
e1
4.40
4.60
H
9.35
10.10
L
1.00
1.50
(L1)
2.80
L2
0.80
L4
0.60
1.00
R
0.20
V2
0°
8°
Table 22: DPAK mechanical data
Page 43
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Package information
DocID2143 Rev 34
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Figure 43: DPAK recommended footprint (dimensions are in mm)
Page 44
Package information
L78
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DocID2143 Rev 34
8.6 D²PAK (SMD 2L STD-ST) type A package information
Figure 44: D²PAK (SMD 2L STD-ST) type A package outline
Page 45
L78
Package information
DocID2143 Rev 34
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Dim.
mm
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
4.40
4.60
A1
0.03
0.23
b
0.70
0.93
b2
1.14
1.70
c
0.45
0.60
c2
1.23
1.36
D
8.95
9.35
D1
7.50
7.75
8.00
D2
1.10
1.30
1.50
E
10
10.40
E1
8.50
8.70
8.90
E2
6.85
7.05
7.25
e
2.54
e1
4.88
5.28
H
15
15.85
J1
2.49
2.69
L
2.29
2.79
L1
1.27
1.40
L2
1.30
1.75
R
0.4
V2
0°
8°
Table 23: D²PAK (SMD 2L STD-ST) mechanical data
Page 46
Package information
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DocID2143 Rev 34
8.7 D²PAK (SMD 2L Wooseok-subcon.) package information
D²PAK mechanical data has been updated and add footprint data.
31-May-2007
15
Order codes has been updated.
29-Aug-2007
16
Added Table 1 in cover page.
11-Dec-2007
17
Modified: Table 27.
06-Feb-2008
18
Added: TO-220 mechanical data Figure 38 on page 38 , Figure 39 on page 39, and
Table 23 on page 37. Modified: Table 27 on page 58.
18-Mar-2008
19
Added: Table 29: DPAK mechanical data on page 50, Table 30: Tape and reel
DPAK mechanical data on page 52. Modified: Table 27 on page 58.
26-Jan-2010
20
Modified Table 1 on page 1 and Table 23 on page 37, added: Figure 38 on
page 38 and Figure 39 on page 39, Figure 40 on page 45 and Figure 41 on
page 45.
04-Mar-2010
21
Added notes Figure 38 on page 38.
08-Sep-2010
22
Modified Table 27 on page 58.
23-Nov-2010
23
Added: TJ = 25 °C test condition in DVO on Table 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and Table 9.
16-Sep-2011
24
Modified title on page 1.
30-Nov-2011
25
Added: order codes L7805CV-DG, L7806CV-DG, L7808ABV-DG, L7812CV-DG
and L7815CV-DG Table 27 on page 58.
08-Feb-2012
26
Added: order codes L7805ACV-DG, L7805ABV-DG, L7806ABV-DG, L7808CVDG, L7809CV-DG, L7812ACV-DG, L7818CV-DG, L7824CV-DG Table 27 on
page 58.
27-Mar-2012
27
Added: order codes L7812ABV-DG, L7815ABV-DG Table 27 on page 58.
27-Apr-2012
28
Modified: VI = 10.4 to 23 V ==> VI = 11.4 to 23 V test conditon value Line
regulation Table 6 on page 13.
10-May-2012
29
Added: order codes L7806ACV-DG, L7808ACV-DG, L7815ACV-DG, L7824ABVDG and L7824ACV-DG Table 27 on page 58.
19-Sep-2012
30
Modified load regulation units from V to mV in Table 3 to Table 9.
12-Mar-2013
31
Modified: VO output voltage at 25 °C min. value 14.4 V Table 16 on page 23.
04-Mar-2014
32
Part numbers L78xx, L78xxC, L78xxAB, L78xxAC changed to L78.
Removed TO-3 package.
Updated the description in cover page, Section 2: Pin configuration, Section 3:
Maximum ratings, Section 4: Test circuits, Section 5: Electrical characteristics,
Section 6: Application information, Section 8: Package information and Table 27:
Order codes.
Added Section 9: Packaging mechanical data.
Minor text changes.
26-Feb-2016
33
Updated Section 8: Package information.
Minor text changes.
28-Nov-2016
34
Updated Section 9: "Ordering information".
Minor text changes.
10 Revision history
Table 28: Document revision history
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