Datasheet L6219DSA Datasheet (ST)

Stepper motor driver for automotive range

Features

■ Able to drive both windings of bipolar stepper

motor

■ Output current up to 750 mA each winding

■ Wide voltage range: 10 V to 46 V

■ Half-step, full-step and microstepping mode

■ Built-in protection diodes

■ Internal PWM current control

■ Low output saturation voltage

■ Designed for unstabilized motor supply voltage

■ Internal thermal shutdown

Description

L6219DSA

SO24 (20+2+2)

A cross conduction protection is provided to avoid
simultaneous cross conduction during switching
current direction.

An internal pulse-width-modulation (PWM)
controls the output current to 750 mA with peak
startup current up to 1 A.

The L6219DSA is a bipolar monolithic integrated
circuits intended to control and drive both winding
of a bipolar stepper motor or bidirectionally control
two DC motors.

The L6219DSA with a few external components
form a complete control and drive circuit for LS­TTL or microprocessor controlled stepper motor
system. The power stage is a dual full bridge
capable of sustaining 46 V and including four
diodes for current recirculation.

Table 1. Device summary

Order code Package Packing

E-L6219DSA SO24 Tube

E-L6219DSATR SO24 Tape & reel

Wide range of current control from 750 mA (each
bridge) is permitted by means of two logic inputs
and an external voltage reference. A phase input
to each bridge determines the load current
direction. A thermal protection circuitry disables
the outputs if the chip temperature exceeds safe
operating limits.

September 2008 Rev 3 1/15

www.st.com

1

Contents L6219DSA

Contents

1 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.1 Input logic (I0 and I1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.2 Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.3 Current sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.4 Single-pulse generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.5 Output stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.6 VS, VSS, VRef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2/15

L6219DSA List of tables

List of tables

Table 1. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Table 2. Absolute maximum rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Table 3. Pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Table 4. Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Table 5. Electrical characteristcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Table 6. Current levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Table 7. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3/15

List of figures L6219DSA

List of figures

Figure 1. Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Figure 2. SO24 pins connection (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Figure 3. Timing diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Figure 4. Principle operating sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Figure 5. Typical application circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Figure 6. SO24 mechanical data and package dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4/15

L6219DSA Block diagram

1 Block diagram

Figure 1. Block diagram

Table 2. Absolute maximum rating

Parameter Description Value Unit

Supply voltage 50 V

Output current (peak) ±1 A

Output current (continuous) ±0.75 A

Logic supply voltage 7 V

Logic input voltage range -0.3 to +7 V

Sense output voltage 1.5 V

Junction temperature +150 °C

Operating temperature range -40 to +125 °C

Storage temperature range -55 to +150 °C

V

T

V

s

I

O

I

O

V

ss

V

in

sense

T

j

T

op

stg

5/15

Block diagram L6219DSA

Figure 2. SO24 pins connection (top view)

Table 3. Pin functions

Pin # Name Description

1, 21 Output of bridge 1 See pins 2, 5

3, 23 Sense resistor

Connection to lower emitters of output stage for insertion of
current sense resistor

Input connected to the comparators. The voltage across the
sense resistor is feedback to this input throught the low pass
filter RC CC. The higher power transistors are disabled

4, 22 Comparator input

when the sense voltage exceeds the reference voltage of
the selected comparator. When this occurs the current
decays for a time set by R

CT (t

T

Figure 3.

Output Connection. The output stage is a H bridge formed

2, 5 Output of bridge 2

by four transistors and four diodes suitable for switching
applications

6, 7, 18, 19 Ground

Ground connection, they also conducts heat from die to
printed circuit copper

8, 20 Input 0 See input 1 (pins 9, 17)

These pins and pins 8, 20 (input 0) are logic inputs which

9, 17 Input 1

select the outputs of the comparators to set the current
level. Current also depends on the sensing resistor and
reference voltage. See functional description

= 1.1 RT CT). See

off

6/15

L6219DSA Block diagram

Table 3. Pin functions (continued)

Pin # Name Description

This TTL-compatible logic inputs sets the direction of
current flow through the load. A high level causes current to

10, 16 Phase

11, 15 Reference voltage

12, 14 RC

flow from output A (source) to output B (sink). A schmitt
trigger on this input provides good noise immunity and a
delay circuit prevents output stage short circuits during
switching

A voltage applied to this pin sets the reference voltage of the
comparators, this determining the output current (also thus
depending on Rs and the two inputs input 0 and input 1)

A parallel RC network connected to this pin sets the off time
of the higher power transistors. The pulse generator is a
monostable triggered by the output of the comparators (t

off

=

1.1 RT CT)

13 V

24 V

- Logic supply Supply voltage input for logic circuitry

SS

- Load supply Supply voltage input for the output stages

S

Note: ESD on GND, VS, VSS, OUT 1 A and OUT 2 A is guaranteed up to 1.5 KV (human body

model, 1500 W, 100 pF).

Figure 3. Timing diagram

Table 4. Thermal data

Parameter Description PDIP Unit

R

thj-case

R

thj-amb

1. With minimized copper area.

Thermal resistance junction-case max. 18 °C/W

Thermal resistance junction-ambient max. 75

(1)

°C/W

7/15

Block diagram L6219DSA

Table 5. Electrical characteristcs

(

Tj = 40 °C to 125 °C, VS = 46 V, VSS = 4.75 V to 5.25 V, V

otherwise specified

Parameter Description Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit

)

See Figure 5

= 5 V, unless

REF

Output drivers (OUT

V

I

CEX

V

CE(sat)

V

I

S(on)

I

S(off)

Motor supply range 10 - 46 V

S

Output leakage current

Output saturation voltage

Clamp diode forward

F

voltage

Driver supply current Both bridges ON, no load - - 17 mA

Driver supply current Both bridges OFF - - 12 mA

Control logic

V

IN(H)

V

IN(L)

I

IN(H)

I

IN(L)

V

REF

I

SS(ON)

I

SS(OFF)

Input voltage All inputs 2.4 - - V

Input voltage All inputs - - 0.8 V

Input current VIN = 2.4 V - <1 20 μA

Input current VIN = 0.84 V - -3 -200 μA

Reference voltage Operating

Total logic supply current Io = I1 = 0.8 V, no load - - 76 mA

Total logic supply current Io = I1 = 2.4 V, no load - - 15 mA

Comparators

or OUTB)

A

V

= 52 V V

S

= 52 V V

V

S

Sink driver, I

Sink driver, I
Source driver, I
Source driver, I

High stage I

OUT

OUT

OUT

OUT

OUT

OUT

F

Low stage IF =750 mA

= 50 V

= 1 V -200--

= +500 mA

= +750 mA

= -500 mA
= -750 mA

=750 mA

(1)

1.5 - 7.5 V

200 μA

μA

-

-

0.75

-

-

1.15

-

-

1.6

-

-

1.8

-

-

1.7

-

-

1.6VV

V
V
V
V

d

Current limit threshold (at

sense

trip point)

Cutoff time Rt = 56 KΩ Ct = 820 pF - 50 - μs

Turn off delay Figure 3 -1-μs

V

REF

/ V

t

t

off

Protection

T

1. To reduce the switching losses the base bias of the bridge's low side NPN transistor is proportional to the
DAC output, then the output current driving capability is also proportional to the DAC output voltage, having
as reference 750 mA with V
output maximum current driving capability will become 750 mA*(2V*0.67)/(5V*1) = 200 mA.

Thermal shutdown

J

temperature

= 5 V and DAC =100%. For example using V

REF

8/15

= I1 = 0.8 V 9.5 10 10.5 -

I

o

= 2.4 V, I1 = 0.8 V 13.5 15 16.5 -

I

o

= 0.8 V, I1 = 2.4 V 25.5 30 34.5 -

I

o

-170-°C

= 2 V and DAC = 67% the

REF

L6219DSA Functional description

2 Functional description

The circuit is intended to drive both windings of a bipolar stepper motor.

The peak current control is generated through switch mode regulation.There is a choice of
three different current levels with the two logic inputs I
winding 2.

The current can also be switched off completely.

2.1 Input logic (I0 and I1)

The current level in the motor winding is selected with these inputs. (See Figure 4). If any of
the logic inputs is left open, the circuit will treat it has a high level input.

Table 6. Current levels

- I11 for winding 1 and I02 - I12 for

01

I

0

H H No current

L H Low current 1/3 IO max

H L Medium current 2/3 I

L L Maximum current I

2.2 Phase

This input determines the direction of current flow in the windings, depending on the motor
connections. The signal is fed through a schmidt-trigger for noise immunity, and through a
time delay in order to guarantee that no short-circuit occurs in the output stage during
phase-shift.High level on the phase input causes the motor current flow from out A through
the winding to out B.

2.3 Current sensor

This part contains a current sensing resistor (RS), a low pass filter (RC, CC) and three
comparators. Only one comparator is active at a time. It is activated by the input logic
according to the current level chosen with signals I
the sensing resistor R
becomes higher than the reference voltage on the other comparator input, the comparator
goes high, which triggers the pulse generator.

I

1

. When the current has increased so that the voltage across RS

S

Current level

max

O

max

O

and I1. The motor current flows through

o

The max peak current I

can be defined by:

max

I

max

V

ref

-------------=

10R

s

9/15

Functional description L6219DSA

2.4 Single-pulse generator

The pulse generator is a monostable triggered on the positive going edge of the comparator
output. The monostable output is high during the pulse time, toff, which is determined by the
time components R

and Ct.

t

t

= 1.1 · RtCt

off

The single pulse switches off the power feed to the motor winding, causing the winding
current to decrease during t

. If a new trigger signal should occur during t

off

, it is ignored.

off

2.5 Output stage

The output stage contains four darlington transistors (source drivers) four saturated
transistors (sink drivers) and eight diodes, connected in two H bridge.

Figure 4. Principle operating sequence

The source transistors are used to switch the power supplied to the motor winding, thus
driving a constant current through the winding. It should be noted however, that is not
permitted to short circuit the outputs.

10/15

L6219DSA Functional description

Internal circuitry is added in order to increase the accuracy of the motor current particularly
with low current levels.

2.6 VS, VSS, V

The circuit will stand any order of turn-on or turn-off the supply voltages VS and VSS. Normal
dV/dt values are then assumed.

Preferably, V

Ref

Ref

should be tracking VSS during power-on and power-off if VS is established.

11/15

Application information L6219DSA

3 Application information

Some stepper motors are not designed for contin-uous operation at maximum current. As
the circuit drives a constant current through the motor, its temperature might increase
exceedingly both at low and high speed operation. Also, some stepper motors have such
high core losses that they are not suited for switch mode current regulation.

Unused inputs should be connected to proper voltage levels in order to get the highest noise
immunity. As the circuit operates with switch mode current regulation, interference
generation problems might arise in some applications. A good measure might then be to
decouple the circuit with a 100 nF capacitor, located near the package between power line
and ground. The ground lead between R
possible. A typical application circuit is shown in Figure 5. Note that C
similar else. To sense the winding current, paralleled metal film resistors are recommended
(R

).

s

Figure 5. Typical application circuit

, and circuit GND should be kept as short as

s

must be NPO type or

t

12/15

L6219DSA Package information

4 Package information

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of
second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in
compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering
conditions are also marked on the inner box label.
ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.

Figure 6. SO24 mechanical data and package dimensions

DIM.

A 2.35 2.65 0.093 0.104

A1 0.10 0.30 0.004 0.012

B 0.33 0.51 0.013 0.200

C 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013

(1)

D

E 7.40 7.60 0.291 0.299

e 1.27 0.050

H 10.0 10.6 5 0.394 0.419

h 0.25 0.75 0.010 0.030

L 0.40 1.27 0.016 0.050

k 0˚ (min.), 8˚ (max.)

ddd 0.10 0.004

(1) “D” dimension does not include mold flash, protusions or gate

burrs. Mold f lash, protus ions or gate b urrs shall no t exceed

0.15mm per side.

mm inch

MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.

15.20 15.60 0.598 0.614

OUTLINE AND

MECHANICAL DATA

Weight: 0.60gr

SO24

0070769 C

13/15

Revision history L6219DSA

5 Revision history

Table 7. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

12-Nov-1998 1 First Issue

29-Apr-2008 2 Document reformatted.

05-Sep-2008 3 Added note 1 in Table 5 on page 8.

14/15

L6219DSA

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