The KB8825 is a high performance dual frequency synthesizer with
two integrated high frequency pre-scalers for RF operation up to 1.1
GHz.
The KB8825 is composed of modulus pre-scalers providing 64 and
66, no dead-zone PFD, selectable charge pump current, selectable
power down mode circuits, lock detector output, and loop filter’s time
constant switch.
It is fabricated using the ASP5HB Bi-CMOS process and is available
16-TSSOP with surface mount plastic packaging. Serial data is transferred into the KB8825 via three-wire interface (CK, DATA, EN).
•Low operating power supply voltage : 2.2 ~ 5.5V ( 200MHz ~ 550MHz Operating )
2.7 ~ 3.6V ( 550MHz ~ 1.1GHz Operating )
•Modulus pre-scaler: 64 / 66
•No dead-zone PFD
•Colpitt type local oscillation
•Selectable charge pump current
•Selectable power down mode
•TSSOP 16-pin package (0.65 mm pitch)
ORDERING INFORMATION
DevicePackageOperating Temperature
+KB882516−TSSOP−0044−30 °C to + 85 °C
+: New product
APPLICATIONS
•Cordless telephone systems
•Portable wireless communications (PCS)
•Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)
•Other wireless communication systems
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Final version ( 99.4.30 )
KB88251.1GHZ DUAL PLL
BLOCK DIAGRAM
1
Fin1
2
V
CC
CP1
3
4
GND
5
LD
6
CK
7
DATA
8
EN
PIN CONFIGURATION
Pre_Amp1/2
Charge
Pump
Phase
Detector
Lock
Detector
Control
Circuit
2
6
Prescaler
1
32, 33
Buffer
Channel 1
Program-
able
Divider
1712
Prescaler
1
32, 33
Buffer
Channel 2
Program-
able
Divider
Reference
Divider
1/2Pre_Amp1615Fin2
V
CC
2
Charge
Pump
Phase
Detector
Switch
Local
OSC
1/2
Buffer
14
CP2
13
12
11
10
9
GND
SW
OSCI
OSCO
BO
Fin1
V
CC
CP1
GND
LD
CK
DATA
EN
1
2
3
4
KB8825
5
6
7
8
16TSSOP
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
Fin2
V
CC
CP2
GND
SW
OSCI
OSCO
9
BO
2
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Final version ( 99.4.30 )
1.1GHZ DUAL PLLKB8825
PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin No.SymbolI/ODescription
1Fin1IInput terminal of channel 1 RF signal.
2, 15Vcc−Power supply voltage input. PIN2 and PIN15 are connected together.
3CP1OOutput terminal of channel 1 charge pump. Charge pump is constant current output
circuit, and output current is selected by input serial data.
4, 13GND−Terminal of GND. PIN4 and PIN13 are connected in common.
5LDOOutput terminal of lock detection. It is the open drain output.
6CKIInput terminal of clock.
7DATAIInput terminal of data.
8ENIInput terminal of enable signal.
9BOOOutput terminal of buffer amplifier. The signal of local oscillation is output through the
buffer amplifier.
10OSCOOOutput terminal of local oscillation signal.
11OSCIIInput terminal of local oscillation signal. In case of external input, connecting it to this
terminal.
12SWOSwitchover terminal for the time constant of loop filter. It is an open drain output. If
you don’t switch the time constant of loop filter, general output is available.
14CP20Output terminal of channel 2 charge pump. Charge pump is a constant current output
circuit, and the output current is selected by input serial data.
16Fin2IInput terminal of channel 2 RF signal.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
CharacteristicSymbolValueUnit
Power Supply VoltageVcc6V
Power DissipationP
Operating temperatureT
Storage temperatureT
CK (Pin6), DATA (Pin7), EN (Pin8) terminals in KB8825 are used for MICOM (MPU) serial data interface (MSB: 1st
input data; LSB: Last input data). Serial data controls the programmable reference divider, programmable divider
(CH1), programmable divider (CH2), and control latch separately by means of group code. Binary serial data is
entered via the DATA pin.
One bit of data is shifted into the internal shift register on the rising edge of the clock. When EN pin is high, stored
data is latched. The three terminals, CK, DATA, and EN, contain Schmitt trigger circuits to keep the data from
errors caused by noise, etc.
< Notice >
1. When power supply of KB8825 is disconnected, CLK, DATA, EN port from MCU should be pulled low.
2. When power goes up first, R counter data should be entered earlier than N1 and N2 counter data.
3. When power goes up first, control data should be entered earlier than N1 and N2 counter data.
≥
≥
≥
0.2us
≥
≥
0.1us
≥
0.2us
LSBMSB
≥≥
≥≥
0.1us0.2us
≥
0.2us
≥
DATA
EN
CK
≥
1us0.2us
MSB
N1 (R1)N2 (R2)N3 (R3)N16 (R11) N17 (R12)GC2GC1
Figure 1.
NOTE: Start data input with MSB first
SERIAL DATA GROUP AND GROUP CODE
The IC can be controlled through 4 kinds of group selection. Each group is identified by selective a 2-bit group code
given below.
Serial BitsGroup Location
GC1 (LSB)GC2 (LSB-1)
00Control Latch
01Ch 1 N Latch
10Ch 2 N Latch
11OSC R Latch
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Final version ( 99.4.30 )
KB88251.1GHZ DUAL PLL
CONTROL LATCH
The control register executes the following functions:
• Mode selection (H: test mode, L: normal mode)
• Charge pump’s polarity and output current selection for each channel.
• Output state selection for Lock Detector.
• Standby control of each channel and reference divider.
In normal operation, the CP should be “0”. In reverse operation, the CP should be
“1”.
Depending upon VCO characteristics, CP should be set accordingly;
When VCO characteristics are like (1), CP should be set low
When VCO characteristics are like (2), CP should be set high.
CHARGE PUMP OUTPUT CURRENT (CP1, CP2)
The KB8825 includes a constant current output type charge pump circuit.
Output current is varied according to control bit “CP1” and “CP2”.
In order to get high speed lock-up, select the best charge pump output current.
Control BitCharge Pump
CP1CP2
Output Current
00±100 µA
01±200 µA
10±400 µA
11±800 µA
VCO
Output
Frequency
VCO Characteristics
(1)
(2)
VCO Input Voltage
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Final version ( 99.4.30 )
KB88251.1GHZ DUAL PLL
TEST MODE AND LOCK DETECTOR OUTPUT (T, LD1, LD2)
When T is normal “0”, LD (Pin5)state is varied by controlling “SB1”, “SB2”, “ LD1 ” and “LD2”.
When T is high “1”, LD (Pin5) state is changed to be useful for test
TSB1SB2LD1LD2LD Output State
00low
0
01channel2
10channel1
11channel1. AND. channel2
0
00low
01high
1
10channel1
11channel1
0
00low
01channel2
0
10high
11channel2
1
00low
01high
1
10high
11high
00low
01pres2
10
10fpll2
11fref
00div4
1
01pres1
01
10fpll1
11fosc/2
11××low
00××low
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Final version ( 99.4.30 )
1.1GHZ DUAL PLLKB8825
LOCK DETECTOR OUTPUT
When the phase comparator detects a phase difference, LD (Pin5) outputs “L”.
When the phase comparator locks, LD outputs “H”. On standby, it outputs “H”.
When T is less than 2/fosc (T<2 /fosc ) for more than three cycles of reference divider output as in the figure below,
the lock detector outputs “H”.
BA
Reference
Divider output
Channel
Divider output
T
Charge pump
output
Lock detector
output
T<2/fosc
Figure 3. Lock Detector Output
fosc: OSCI operating frequency (LOCAL OSC).
T: time difference of the pulse between reference divider output and channel divider output.
A =
B =
Number of divisions by reference divider
fosc
2
(s)
fosc
(s)
PROGRAMMABLE STANDBY MODE (SB1, SB2, SBR)
Standby mode can be controlled by 3-control bits such as SB1, SB2 and SBR. SB1 and SB2 can control standby
mode of channel 1 and channel2. The “SBR” bit can do ON / OFF control of reference divider.
The operation mode of the SW terminal is set by bit “SW”.
SW control is useful for switching the time canstant of the loop filter.
Output type of this terminal is an open drain output. High lock mode or normal lock mode can be used, taking
advantage of filter switch control (SW) with the charge pump output current.
When fast lock function can’t be used, normal lock mode is available.
Control BitsOperation Mode(SW and LPF example) The third order LPF
SWCP1CP2
000
001
Normal Lock Mode
010
011
100
CP1
SW
R
R
R
101
High Lock Mode
110
GND
111
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT (OSCI, OSCO) AND BUFFER OUT (BO)
External capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4 are required to set the proper crystal’s load capacitance and oscillation
frequency as shown in figure 4. The value of the capacitors is dependent on the crystal chosen.
The BO (Pin9) outputs local oscillation signal with buffer amplifier.
This terminal (Pin9) can be applied to the 2nd mixer input
C4
1000pF
OSCI
OSCO
C1
C2
C3
C2
OSCI
OSCO
Reference Oscillator
10
BO
1000pF
2'nd MIX
or OPEN
BO
Figure 4.
1000pF
2'nd MIX
or OPEN
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Final version ( 99.4.30 )
1.1GHZ DUAL PLLKB8825
PROGRAMMABLE REFERENCE COUNTER
This block generates the reference frequency for the PLL.
The reference divider is composed of 12-bit reference divider and a half fixed divider
Sending certain data to the reference divider allows the setting of any of 6 to 8190 divisions (multiple of two).
MSBLSB
R1R2R3R4R5R6R7R8R9R10 R11 R12
R = R1 × 20 + R2 × 21 + … + R12 × 2
GC2
11
"1"
Group CodeDivision Ratio of the R counter, R
GC1
"1"
Division ratio: 2 × R = 2 × (3~4095) = 6 ~ 8190
Data is shifted in MSB first.
Division
R12R11R10R9R8R7R6R5R4R3R2R1
Ratio
3000000000011
4000000000100
•••••••••••••
4095111111111111
Example) A 21.25MHz X-tal oscillator is connected, and divided into 25kHz steps.
(Reference frequency is 12.5kHz)
21.25 MHz ÷ 12.5 kHz = 1700
1700 = 2 × R
R = (850)
= (1101010010)
10
2
01001010110011
LSBMSB
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Final version ( 99.4.30 )
KB88251.1GHZ DUAL PLL
CHANNEL 1, CHANNEL 2 PROGRAMMABLE N COUNTER
These programmable dividers are composed of a 5-bit swallow counter (5-bit programmable divider),
12-bit programmable main counter, and two-modulus prescalers providing 64 and 66 divisions.
Sending certain data to the swallow counter and the 12-bit programmable main counter allows the setting of any of
2048 to 262142 divisions (multiple of two).
The 12-bit programmable divider and swallow counter are set by each channel;
each channel is identified by a group code.
A = N1 × 20 + N2 × 21 … N5 × 2
Division ratio: 0 to 31, B ≥ A
4
Division Ratio
(A)
000000
100001
••••••
3111111
LSB
Group Code
CH1 = "10"
CH2 = "01"
N5N4N3N2N1
12-BIT MAIN COUNTER DIVISION RATIO (B COUNTER)
B = N6 × 20 + N7 × 21 + N7 × 22 … N17× 2
11
Division ratio: 3 to 4095
Data is shifted in MSB first
Division
Ratio (B)
N17N16N15N14N13N12N11N10N9N8N7N6
3000000000011
4000000000000
•••••••••••••
4095111111111111
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Final version ( 99.4.30 )
1.1GHZ DUAL PLLKB8825
Channel1 and 2 Programmable Counter Division Ratio, N
N = 2 × (32 × B + A), B ≥ A
Division ratio: 192 ~ 262142
Example) A Signal of 453 MHz is entered into Fin1, and divided into 25 kHz steps.
(Reference frequency is 12.5 kHz)
453 MHz ÷ 12.5 kHz = 36240
36240 = 2 × (32 × B + A)
∴ B = (1132)
= (10001101100)2, A = (16)
10
= (10000)
10
2
MSB
0
000100110110001010
Example) A Signal of 462.9 MHz is entered into Fin2, and divided into 25 kHz step.
(Reference frequency is 12.5 kHz)
462.9 MHz ÷ 12.5 kHz = 37032
37032 = 2 × (32 × B + A)
∴ B = (1157)