Single Output LNB Supply and Control
Voltage Regulator with I2C Interface for
Advanced Satellite Set-top Box Designs
The ISL6425 is a highly integrated solution for supplying
power and control signals from advanced satellite set-top
box (STB) modules to the low noise block (LNB). This device
is comprised of a current-mode boost PWM and a low-noise
linear regulator, along with the circuitry required for I
device interfacing and for providing DiSEqC standard control
signals to the LNB.
A regulated output voltage is available at the output terminal
(VOUT) to support the operation of the antenna port in
advanced satellite STB applications. The regulated output
may be set to either 13V or 18V by use of the voltage select
command (VSEL) through the I
compensate for the voltage drop in the coaxial cable, the
voltage may be increased by 1V with the line length
compensation (LLC) feature. An enable command sent on
2
the I
C bus provides standby mode control for the PWM and
linear combination, disabling the output to conserve power.
A current-mode boost converter provides the linear regulator
with an input voltage that is set to the required output
voltage, plus 1.2V (typ.) to insure minimum power
dissipation. This maintains a constant voltage drop across
the linear pass element, while permitting an adequate
voltage range for tone injection.
The device is capable of providing 750mA (typ.).
2
C bus. Additionally, to
2
C
Ordering Information
TEMP.
PART NUMBER
ISL6425ER-20 to 8532 Ld 5x5 QFN L32.5x5
ISL6425ER-T32 Ld 5x5 QFN Tape and ReelL32.5x5
ISL6425ERZ
(Note)
ISL6425ERZ-T
(Note)
NOTE: Intersil Pb-free products employ special Pb-free material sets;
molding compounds/die attach materials and 100% matte tin plate
termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and compatible with
both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products
are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or
exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
RANGE (°C)PACKAGE
-20 to 8532 Ld 5x5 QFN
(Pb-free)
32 Ld 5x5 QFN Tape and Reel
(Pb-free)
PKG.
DWG. #
L32.5x5
L32.5x5
February 8, 2005
FN9176.1
Features
• Switch-Mode Power Converter for Lowest Dissipation
- Boost PWM with >92% Efficiency
- Selectable 13V or 18V Outputs
- Digital Cable Length Compensation (1V)
• External Pin to Select 13V/18V Options
• DSQIN and SEL18V pins are 2.5V logic compatible
2
C Compatible Interface for Remote Device Control
•I
- Registered Slave Address 0001 00XX
- Fully Functional 3.3V, 5V Operation up to 400kHz
• Built-In Tone Oscillator Factory Trimmed to 22kHz
- Facilitates DiSEqC (EUTELSAT) Encoding
• Internal Over-Temperature Protection and Diagnostics
2
• Internal Overload and Overtemp Flags (Visible on I
• LNB Short-Circuit Protection and Diagnostics
• QFN Package
- Compliant to JEDEC PUB95 MO-220 QFN - Quad Flat
No Leads - Product Outline
- Near Chip-Scale Package Footprint
• Pb-free available (RoHS Compliant)
C)
Applications
• LNB Power Supply and Control for Satellite Set-Top Box
References
• Tech Brief 389 (TB389) - “PCB Land Pattern Design and
Surface Mount Guidelines for QFN Packages”; Available
on the Intersil website, www.intersil.com
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 321-724-7143
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
| Intersil (and design) is a trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
NOTES:
1. θ
is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See
JA
Tech Brief TB379.
2. For θ
, the “case temperature” location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside. See Tech Brief TB379.
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to 150°C
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C
NOTE: The device junction temperature should be kept below
150°C. Thermal shut-down circuitry turns off the device if junction
temperature exceeds +150°C typically.
= 12V, TA = -20°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = 25°C. EN = H, LLC = L,
CC
ENT = L, DCL = L, DSQIN = L, I
access to the system.
IN
OUT
V
OUT
V
OUT
V
OOU
OUT
OUTIO
MAX
tone
tone
tone
, T
r
EN = LLC = VSEL = ENT = H, No Load-4.08.0mA
VSEL = L, LLC = L12.7413.013.26V
VSEL = L, LLC = H13.7214.014.28V
VSEL = H, LLC = L17.6418.018.36V
VSEL = H, LLC = H18.6219.019.38V
VIN = 8V to 14V; V
VIN = 8V to 14V; V
= 12mA to 450mA-5080mV
DCL = L, ISEL = L425-550mA
DCL = L, ISEL = H775-950mA
ENT = H20.022.024.0kHz
ENT = H550680900mV
ENT = H (Note 5)405060%
ENT = H5814µs
f
= 12mA, unless otherwise noted. See software description section for I2C
OUT
= 13V -4.040.0mV
OUT
= 18V-4.060.0mV
OUT
5
FN9176.1
February 8, 2005
Page 6
ISL6425
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
Electrical SpecificationsV
PARAMETERSYMBOLTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
LINEAR REGULATOR
Drop-Out VoltageIout = 450mA (Note 4)-1.2-V
DSQIN, SEL18V INPUT PINs (Note 6)
Asserted Low--0.8V
Asserted HIGH1.7--V
Input Current-1-µA
CURRENT SENSE
Input Bias CurrentI
Overcurrent ThresholdStatic current mode, DCL = H325400500mV
ERROR AMPLIFIER
Open Loop Voltage GainA
Gain Bandwidth Product
PWM
Maximum Duty Cycle9093-%
Minimum Pulse Width(Note 4)-20-ns
OSCILLATOR
Oscillator Frequencyf
THERMAL PROTECTION
Thermal Shutdown
Temperature Shutdown Threshold(Note 4)-150-
Temperature Shutdown Hysteresis(Note 4)-20-
NOTES:
3. Internal Digital Soft-start
4. Voltage programming signals VSEL and LLC are implemented via the I
IO = 450mA.
5. Guaranteed by Design.
6. Unused DSQIN pin should be connected to GND. SEL18V pins is internally connected to GND by a 200K resistor.
= 12V, TA = -20°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = 25°C. EN = H, LLC = L,
CC
ENT = L, DCL = L, DSQIN = L, I
access to the system. (Continued)
BIAS
OL
GBP
(Note 4)7088-dB
(Note 4)10--MHz
Fixed at (10)(f
o
= 12mA, unless otherwise noted. See software description section for I2C
OUT
-700-nA
)200220240kHz
tone
2
C bus.
6
FN9176.1
February 8, 2005
Page 7
Functional Pin Description
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
SYMBOLFUNCTION
SDABidirectional data from/to I
SCLClock from I
VSWInput of the linear post-regulator.
PGNDDedicated ground for the output gate driver of the PWM.
CSCurrent sense input; connect Rsc at this pin for desired overcurrent value for the PWM.
SGNDSmall signal ground for the IC.
AGNDAnalog ground for the IC.
TCAPCapacitor for setting rise and fall time of the output of the LNB. Use a capacitor value of 1µF or higher.
BYPASSBypass capacitor for internal 5V.
DSQINWhen HIGH this pin enables the internal 22kHz modulation for the LNB, Use this pin for tone enable function for
the LNB.
VCCMain power supply to the chip.
GATEThis is the device output of the PWM. This high current driver output is capable of driving the gate of a power FET.
This output is actively held low when Vcc is below the UVLO threshold.
VOUTOutput voltage for the LNB.
ADDRAddress pin to select two different addresses per voltage level at this pin.
COMPError amp output used for compensation.
FBFeedback pin for the PWM.
CPVOUT, CPSWIN, CPSWOUT Charge pump connections.
SEL18VWhen connected HIGH, this pin will change the output of the PWM to 18V.
2
C bus.
2
C bus.
ISL6425
Functional Description
The ISL6425 single output voltage regulator makes an ideal
choice for advanced satellite set-top box and personal video
recorder applications. Both supply and control voltage
outputs for a low noise block (LNB) are available
simultaneously in any output configuration. The device
utilizes a built-in DC/DC step-converter that, from a single
supply source ranging from 8V to 14V, generates the voltage
that enables the linear post-regulator to work with a
minimum of dissipated power. An undervoltage lockout
circuit disables the circuit when V
threshold (7.5V typ).
DiSEqC Encoding
The internal oscillator is factory-trimmed to provide a tone of
22kHz in accordance with DISeqC standards. No further
adjustment is required. The 22kHz oscillator can be
controlled either by the I
dedicated pin (DSQIN) that allows immediate DiSEqC data
encoding for the LNB. All the functions of this IC are
controlled via the I
(SR). The same registers can be read back, and two bits will
report the diagnostic status. The internal oscillator operates
the converters at ten times the tone frequency. The device
offers full I
2
C compatible functionality, 3.3V or 5V, and up to
400kHz operation.
If the Tone Enable (ENT) bit is set LOW through I
the DSQIN terminal activates the internal tone signal,
2
C interface (ENT bit) or by a
2
C bus by writing to the system registers
drops below a fixed
CC
2
C, then
modulating the dc output with a 0.3V, 22kHz, symmetrical
waveform. The presence of this signal usually gives the LNB
information about the band to be received.
Burst coding of the 22kHz tone can be accomplished due to
the fast response of the DSQIN input and rapid tone
response. This allows implementation of the DiSEqC
(EUTELSAT) protocols.
When the ENT bit is set HIGH, a continuous 22kHz tone is
generated regardless of the DSQIN pin logic status. The
ENT bit must be set LOW when the DSQIN pin is used for
DiSEqC encoding.
Linear Regulator
The output linear regulator will sink and source current. This
feature allows full modulation capability into capacitive loads
as high as 0.25µF. In order to minimize the power
dissipation, the output voltage of the internal step-up
converter is adjusted to allow the linear regulator to work at
minimum dropout.
When the device is put in the shutdown mode (EN = LOW),
the PWM power block is disabled. When the regulator block
is active (EN = HIGH), the output can be logic controlled to
be 13V or 18V (typical) by means of the VSEL bit (Voltage
Select) for remote controlling of non-DiSEqC LNBs.
Additionally, it is possible to increment by 1V (typical) the
selected voltage value to compensate for the excess voltage
drop along the coaxial cable (LLC bit HIGH).
7
FN9176.1
February 8, 2005
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ISL6425
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Output Timing
The programmed output voltage rise and fall times can be
set by an external capacitor. The output rise and fall times
will be approximately 3400 times the TCAP value. For the
recommended range of 0.47µF to 2.2µF, the rise and fall
time would be 1.6ms to 7.6ms. Using a 0.47µF capacitor
insures the PWM stays below its overcurrent threshold when
charging a 120µF VSW filter cap during the worst case 13V
to 19V transition. A typical value of 1.0µF is recommended.
This feature affects the programmed voltage rise and fall
times.
Current Limiting (Only one ISEL option needed)
The current limiting block can operate either statically
(simple current clamp) or dynamically. The lower threshold is
between 425mA and 550mA (ISEL = L), while the higher
threshold is between 775mA and 950mA (ISEL = H). When
the DCL (Dynamic Current Limiting) bit is set to LOW, the
overcurrent protection circuit works dynamically. That is, as
soon as an overload is detected, the output is shutdown for a
time t
(OLF) bit of the system register is set to HIGH. After this time
has elapsed, the output is resumed for a time Ton = 20ms.
During Ton, the device output will be current limited to
between 575mA and 950mA. At the end of Ton, if the
overload is still detected, the protection circuit will cycle
again through Toff and Ton. At the end of a full Ton during
which no overload is detected, normal operation is resumed
and the OLF bit is reset to LOW. Typical Ton+Toff time is
920ms as determined by an internal timer. This dynamic
operation can greatly reduce the power dissipation in a short
circuit condition, still ensuring excellent power-on start-up in
most conditions.
However, there could be some cases in which a highly
capacitive load on the output may cause a difficult start-up,
when the dynamic protection is chosen. This can be solved
by initiating a power start-up in static mode (DCL = HIGH)
and then switching to the dynamic mode (DCL = LOW) after
a chosen amount of time. When in static mode, the OLF bit
goes HIGH when the current limit threshold at the CS pin
reaches 0.45V typ and returns LOW when the overload
condition is cleared. The OLF bit will be LOW at the end of
initial power-on soft-start.
, typically 900ms. Simultaneously the overload flag
OFF
Thermal Resistance
This IC is protected against overheating. When the junction
temperature exceeds 150°C (typical), the step-up converter
and the linear regulator are shut off and the overtemp flag
(OTF) bit of the SR is set HIGH. Normal operation is
resumed and the OTF bit is reset LOW, when the junction is
cooled down to 130°C (typical).
independent 13V/18V output voltage selection. When using
this pin, the I
2
C bits should be initialized to 13V status.
TABL E 1 .
2
C BITSSEL18VO/P VOLTAGE
I
13VLow13V
13VHigh18V
I2C Bus Interface for ISL6425
(Refer to Philips I2C Specification, Rev. 2.1)
Data transmission from main microprocessor to the ISL6425
and vice versa takes place through the 2 wire I
interfaces, consisting of the two lines SDA and SCL. Both
SDA and SCL are bidirectional lines, connected to a positive
supply voltage via a pull up resistor. (Pull up resistors to
positive supply voltage must be externally connected). When
the bus is free, both lines are HIGH. The output stage of
ISL6425 will have an open drain/open collector in order to
perform the wired-AND function. Data on the I
transferred up to 100kbits/s in the standard-mode or up to
400kbits/s in the fast-mode. The level of logic “0” and logic
“1” is dependent of associated value of Vdd as per electrical
specification table. One clock pulse is generated for each
data bit transferred.
Data Validity
The data on the SDA line must be stable during the HIGH
period of the clock. The HIGH or LOW state of the data line
can only change when the clock signal on the SCL line is
LOW. (Refer to Figure 1.)
SDA
SCL
DATA LINE
STABLE
DATA VALID
FIGURE 1. DATA VALIDITY
CHANGE
OF DATA
ALLOWED
START and STOP Conditions
As shown in the Figure 2, START condition is a HIGH to
LOW transition of the SDA line, while SCL is HIGH. The
STOP condition is a LOW to HIGH transition on the SDA
line, while SCL is HIGH. A STOP condition must be sent
before each START condition.
2
C bus
2
C bus can be
External Output Voltage Selection
The output voltage can be selected by the I2C bus.
Additionally, the QFN package offers a pin (SEL18V) for
8
FN9176.1
February 8, 2005
Page 9
SDA
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
SCL
SP
START
CONDITION
FIGURE 2. START AND STOP WAVEFORMS
STOP
CONDITION
Byte Format
Every byte put on the SDA line must be 8 bits long. The number
of bytes that can be transmitted per transfer is unrestricted.
Each byte has to be followed by an acknowledge bit. Data is
transferred with the most significant bit first (MSB).
Acknowledge
The master (microprocessor) puts a resistive HIGH level on
the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse (Figure 3).
The peripheral that acknowledges has to pull down (LOW)
the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the
SDA line is stable LOW during this clock pulse. (Of course,
set-up and hold times must also be taken into account.)
The peripheral which has been addressed has to generate
an acknowledge after the reception of each byte, otherwise
the SDA line remains at the HIGH level during the ninth
clock pulse time. In this case, the master transmitter can
generate the STOP information in order to abort the transfer.
The ISL6425 will not generate the acknowledge if the
POWER OK signal from the UVLO is LOW.
SCL
1
2
8
9
ISL6425
Transmission Without Acknowledge
Avoiding detection of the acknowledgement, the
microprocessor can use a simpler transmission; it waits one
clock without checking the slave acknowledging, and sends
the new data.
This approach, though, is less protected from error and
decreases the noise immunity.
ISL6425 Software Description
Interface Protocol
The interface protocol is comprised of the following, as
shown below in Table 2:
• A start condition (S)
• A chip address byte (MSB on left; the LSB bit determines
read (1) or write (0) transmission) (the assigned I
address for the ISL6425 is 0001 00XX)
• A sequence of data (1 byte + Acknowledge)
• A stop condition (P)
TABLE 2. INTERFACE PROTOCOL
S0001000R/WACKData (8 bits)ACKP
Transmitted Data (I
2
C bus WRITE mode)
When the R/W bit in the chip is set to 0, the main
microprocessor can write on the system register (SR1) of the
ISL6425 via I
2
C bus. These will be written by the
microprocessor as shown below.
2
C slave
SDA
MSB
START
FIGURE 3. ACKNOWLEDGE ON THE I2C BUS
R, WR, WR, WR, WR, WR, WR, WR
SR1DCLXENT1LLC1VSEL1EN1OLF1
R, WR, WR, WR, WR, WR, WRR
SR2XXXXEN2OTFX
System Register Format
• R, W = Read and Write bit
• R = Read-only bit
All bits reset to 0 at Power-On
ACKNOWLEDGE
FROM SLAVE
TABLE 3. SYSTEM REGISTER 1 (SR1)
TABLE 4. SYSTEM REGISTER 2 (SR2)
9
FN9176.1
February 8, 2005
Page 10
ISL6425
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
TABLE 5. SYSTEM REGISTER (SR1 AND SR2) CONFIGURATION
SR1DCLISEL1ENT1LLC1VSEL1EN1OLF1FUNCTION
0XXX00XXSR1 is selected
0XXX001XVout1 = 13V, Vboost1 = 13V + Vdrop
0XXX011XVout1 = 18V, Vboost1 = 18V + Vdrop
0XXX101XVout1 = 14V, Vboost1 = 14V + Vdrop
0XXX111XVout1 = 19V, Vboost1 = 19V + Vdrop
0XX0XX1X22kHz tone is controlled by the DSQIN pin
0XX1XX1X22kHz tone is ON, the DSQIN input is disabled
0X0XXX1XIout1 = 425mA max.
0X1XXX1XIout1 = 775mA max.
01XXXX1XDynamic current limit NOT selected
00XXXX1XDynamic current limit selected
0XXXXX0XPWM and Linear for channel 1 disabled
SR2----EN2OTF-FUNCTION
1XXXX0XXSR2 is selected; to read OTF flag.
NOTE: OTF is a “Read Only” bit and X indicates a “Don’t Care” condition for the function specified.
Received Data (I
2
C Bus Read Mode)
The ISL6425 can provide to the master a copy of the System
Register information via the I
2
C bus in read mode. The read
mode is Master activated by sending the chip address with
R/W bit set to 1. At the following Master generated clock bits,
the ISL6425 issues a byte on the SDA data bus line (MSB
transmitted first).
At the ninth clock bit the MCU master can:
• Acknowledge the reception, starting in this way the
transmission of another byte from the ISL6425.
• Not acknowledge, stopping the read mode
communication.
While the whole register is read back by the microprocessor,
only the two read-only bits, OLF and OTF, convey diagnostic
information about the ISL6425.
TABLE 6. READING SYSTEM REGISTERS
DCL ISEL ENT LLC VSEL EN OTF OLFFUNCTION
These bits are read as they were
after the last write operation.
0Tj ≤ 130°C, Normal
operation
1Tj > 150°C, Power
blocks disabled
0 Iout < Imax, Normal
operation
1 Iout > Imax, Overload
protection triggered
Power-On I2C Interface Reset
The I2C interface built into the ISL6425 is automatically reset
at power-on. The I
logic signal from the UVLO circuit. This signal will go HIGH
when chip power is OK. As long as this signal is LOW, the
interface will not respond to any I
system register SR is initialized to all zeros, thus keeping the
power blocks disabled.
2
C interface block will receive a Power OK
2
C commands and the
10
FN9176.1
February 8, 2005
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ISL6425
www.BDTIC.com/Intersil
Once Vcc rises above the UVLO level, the POWER OK
signal given to the I
2
C interface block will be HIGH, the I2C
interface becomes operative and the SR can be configured
by the main microprocessor. About 400mV of hysteresis is
provided in the UVLO threshold to avoid false triggering of
the Power-On reset circuit.
2
(I
C comes up with EN = 0, EN goes HIGH at the same time
as (or later than) all other I
2
C data for the PWM becomes
valid).
ADDRESS Pin
Connecting this pin to GND forces the chip I2C interface
address to 0001000; applying a voltage >2.7V forces the
address to 0001001, as shown below.
32 LEAD QUAD FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE
(COMPLIANT TO JEDEC MO-220VHHD-2 ISSUE C
MILLIMETERS
SYMBOL
A0.800.901.00A1--0.05A2--1.009
A30.20 REF9
b0.180.230.305,8
D5.00 BSCD14.75 BSC9
D22.953.103.257,8
E5.00 BSCE14.75 BSC9
E22.953.103.257,8
e 0.50 BSC-
k0.25 -- -
L0.300.400.508
L1--0.1510
N322
Nd83
Ne883
P- -0.609
θ--129
NOTES:
1. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to ASME Y14.5-1994.
2. N is the number of terminals.
3. Nd and Ne refer to the number of terminals on each D and E.
4. All dimensions are in millimeters. Angles are in degrees.
5. Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured
between 0.15mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip.
6. The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be
located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be
either a mold or mark feature.
7. Dimensions D2 and E2 are for the exposed pads which provide
improved electrical and thermal performance.
8. Nominal dimensions are provided to assist with PCB Land Pattern
Design efforts, see Intersil Technical Brief TB389.
9. Features and dimensions A2, A3, D1, E1, P & θ are present when
Anvil singulation method is used and not present for saw
singulation.
10. Depending on the method of lead termination at the edge of the
package, a maximum 0.15mm pull back (L1) maybe present. L
minus L1 to be equal to or greater than 0.3mm.
NOTESMINNOMINALMAX
Rev. 1 10/02
All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.
Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
12
FN9176.1
February 8, 2005
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