HI-3282
GENERALDESCRIPTION
TheHI-3282isasilicongateCMOSdeviceforinterfacing
theARINC429serialdatabustoa16-bitparalleldatabus.
Tworeceiversandanindependenttransmitterare
provided.Thereceiverinputcircuitryandlogicare
designedtomeettheARINC429specificationsforloading,
leveldetection,timing,andprotocol.Thetransmitter
sectionprovidestheARINC429communicationprotocol.
AdditionalinterfacecircuitrysuchastheHoltHI-8382orHI8585arerequiredtotranslatethe5voltlogicoutputsto
ARINC429drivelevels.
The16-bitparalleldatabusexchangesthe32-bitARINC
da tawordintwostepswheneitherloadingthetransmitter
orinterrogatingthereceivers.Thedatabusinterfaceswith
CMOSandTTL.
Timingofallthecircuitrybeginswiththemasterclockinput,
CLK.ForARINC429applications,themasterclock
frequencyis1MHz.
Eachindependentreceivermonitorsthedatastreamwitha
samplingrate10timesthedatarate.Thesamplingrateis
softwareselectableateither1MHzor125KHz.Theresults
ofaparitycheckareavailableasthe32ndARINCbit.
FEATURES
!
ARINCspecification429compatible
!
CompatiblewithIndustry-standardalternate
Parts
!
Smallfootprint44PQFPpackageoption
!
16-Bitparalleldatabus
!
DirectreceiverinterfacetoARINCbus
!
Timingcontrol10timesthedatarate
!
Selectabledataclocks
!
Automatictransmitterdatatiming
!
Selftestmode
!
Parityfunctions
!
Lowpower,single5voltsupply
!
Industrial&fullmilitarytemperatureranges
ThetransmitterhasaFirstIn,FirstOut(FIFO)memoryto
store8ARINCwordsfortransmission.Thedatara teofthe
transmitterissoftwareselectablebydividingthemaster
clock,CLK,byeither10or80.Themasterclockisusedto
setthetimingoftheARINCtransmissionwithintherequired
resolution.
APPLICATIONS
!
Avionicsdatacommunication
!
Serialtoparallelconversion
!
Paralleltoserialconversion
N/C-1
D/R1
D/R2
SEL-4
EN1
EN2
BD15-7
BD14-8
BD13-9
BD12-10
BD11-11
33-N/C
-2
-3
-5
-6
HI-3282PQI
&
HI-3282PQT
32-N/C
31-X
CWSTR
30-ENTX
29-
429DO
28-429DO
27-TX/R
26-
PL2
25-
PL1
24-BD00
23-BD01
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
1(DS3282Rev.E)05/01
PINDESCRIPTION
SYMBOLFUNCTIONDESCRIPTION
VCCPOWER+5V±5%
429DI1(A)INPUTARINCreceiver1positiveinput
429DI1(B)INPUTARINCreceiver1negativeinput
429DI2(A)INPUTARINCreceiver2positiveinput
429DI2(B)INPUTARINCreceiver2negativeinput
D/R1
D/R2
SELINPUTReceiverdatabyteselection(0=BYTE1)(1=BYTE2)
EN1
EN2EN1
BD15I/ODataBus
BD14I/ODataBus
BD13I/ODataBus
BD12I/ODataBus
BD11I/ODataBus
BD10I/ODataBus
BD09I/ODataBus
BD08I/OData Bus
BD07I/ODataBus
BD06I/ODataBus
GNDPOWER0V
BD05I/ODataBus
BD04I/ODataBus
BD03I/ODataBus
BD02I/ODataBus
BD01I/ODataBus
BD00I/ODataBus
PL1
PL2PL1.
TX/ROUTPUTTransmitterreadyflag.GoeslowwhenARINCwordloadedintoFIFO.Goeshigh
429DOOUTPUT"ONES"dataoutputfromtransmitter.
429DO
ENTXINPUTEnableTransmission
CWSTR
CLKINPUTMasterClockinput
TXCLKOUTPUTTransmitterClockequaltoMasterClock(CLK),dividedbyeither10or80.
MR
DBCEN
OUTPUTReceiver1datareadyflag
OUTPUTReceiver2datareadyflag
INPUTDataBuscontrol,enablesreceiver1datatooutputs
INPUTDataBuscontrol,enablesreceiver2datatooutputsifishigh
INPUTLatchenableforbyte1enteredfromdatabustotransmitterFIFO.
INPUTLatchenableforbyte2enteredfromdatabustotransmitterFIFO.Mustfollow
OUTPUT"ZEROES"dataoutputfromtransmitter.
INPUTClockforcontrolwordregiste r
INPUTMasterReset,activelow
INPUTDatabitcontrolEnable.(Activelow,withinternalpulluptoVDD).
HI-3282
aftertransmissionandFIFOempty.
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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HI-3282
FUNCTIONALDESCRIPTION
CONTROLWORDREGISTER
TheHI-3282contains11dataflipflopswhoseDinputsareconnectedtothedatabusandclocksconnectedto.Each
flipflopprovidesoptionstotheuserasfollows:
DATA
BUSFUNCTIONCONTROLDESCRIPTION
PIN
BD04PARENEnablesparitybitinsertioninto
Transmitterdatabit32
Ifenabled,aninternalconnection
BDO5SELFTEST0=ENABLEismadepassing429DOand
429DO
RECEIVER1Ifenabled,ARINCbits9and,
BDO6DECODER1=ENABLE10mustmatchthenexttwo
IfReceiver1Decoderis
BDO7--enabled,theARINCbit9
IfReceiver1Decoderis
BDO8--enabled,theARINCbit10
RECEIVER2Ifenabled,ARINCbits9and
BDO9DECODER1=ENABLE10mustmatchthenexttwo
IfReceiver2Decoderis
BD10--enabled,thenARINCbit9
CWSTR
tothereceiverlogicinputs
controlwordbits
mustmatchthisbit
mustmatchthisbit
controlwordbits
mustmatchthisbit
ARINC429DATAFORMAT
Thefollowingtableshowsthebitpositionsinexchangingdatawith
thereceiverorthetransmitter.ARINCbit1isthefirstbit
transmittedorreceived.
BYTE1
DATABDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBD
BUS15141312111009080706050403020100
ARINC13121110931303212345678
BIT
BYTE2
DATABDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBDBD
BUS15141312111009080706050403020100
ARINC29282726252423222120191817161514
BIT
THERECEIVERS
ARINCBUSINTERFACE
Figure1showstheinputcircuitforeachreceiver.TheARINC429
specificationrequiresthefollowingdetectionlevels:
STATEDIFFERENTIALVOLTAGE
ONE+6.5Voltsto+13Volts
NULL+2.5Voltsto-2.5Volts
ZERO-6.5Voltsto-13Volts
BD11--enabled,thenARINCbit10
IfReceiver2Decoderis
mustmatchthisbit
INVERTLogic0enablesnormaloddparity
BD12XMTR1=ENABLEandLogic1enablesevenparity
PARITYoutputintransmitter32ndbit
BD13XMTRDATA0=÷10CLKisdividedeitherby10or
CLKSELECT1=÷8080toobtainXMTRdataclock
BD14RCVRDTA0=÷10CLKisdividedeitherby10or
CLKSELECT1=÷8080toobtainRCVRdataclock
TheHI-8382guaranteesrecognitionoftheselevelswithacommon
modeVoltagewithrespecttoGNDlessthan±5Vfortheworstcase
condition(4.75Vsupplyand13Vsignallevel).
Thetolerancesinthedesignguaranteedetectionoftheabove
levels,sotheactualacceptancerangesareslightlylarger.Ifthe
ARINCsignalisoutoftheactualacceptanceranges,includingthe
nulls,thechiprejectsthedata.
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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HI-3282
FUNCTIONALDESCRIPTION(con't)
RECEIVERLOGICOPERATION
Figure2showsablockdiagramofthelogicsectionofeachreceiver.
BITTIMING
TheARINC429specificationcontainsthefollowingtiming
specificationforthereceiveddata:
HIGHSPEEDLOWSPEED
BITRATE
PULSERISETIME
PULSEFALLTIME
PULSEWIDTH
100KBPS±1%12K-14.5KBPS
1.5±0.5µsec10±5µsec
1.5±0.5µsec10±5µsec
5µsec±5%34.5to41.7µsec
RECEIVERPARITY
ThereceiverparitycircuitcountsOnesreceived,includingthe
paritybit,ARINCbit32.Iftheresultisodd,then"0"willappearin
the32ndbit.
TOPINS
RETRIEVINGDATA
Once32validbitsarerecognized,thereceiverlogicgenerates
anEndofSequence(EOS).Ifthereceiverdecoderisenabled
andthe9thand10thARINCbitsmatchthecontrolword
programbitsorifthereceiverdecoderisdisabled,thenEOS
clocksthedatareadyflagflipfloptoa"1",or(orboth)
D/R1D/R2
willgolow.Thedataflagforareceiverwillremainlowuntilafter
ARINCbytesfromthatreceiverareretrieved.Thisis
both
accomplishedbyactivatingwithSEL,thebyteselector,low
toretrievethefirstbyteandactivatingwithSELhighto
retrievethesecondbyte.retrievesdatafromreceiver1and
ret rievesdatafromreceiver2.
EN2
EN
EN
ENI
IfanotherARINCwordisreceived,andanewEOSoccurs
beforethetwobytesareretrieved,thedataisoverwrittenbythe
newword.
DECODER
CONTROL
BITS
SEL
EN
D/R
ZEROS
ONES
NULL
MUX
CONTROL
LATCH
ENABLE
/
CONTROL
BITS9&10
EOS
SHIFTREGISTER
SHIFTREGISTER
SHIFTREGISTER
32TO16DRIVER
32BITLATCH
32BITSHIFTREGISTER
DATA
BITCLOCK
WORDGAP
START
CONTROL
BITBD14
PARITY
CHECK
WORDGAP
SEQUENCE
CONTROL
DETECTION
TIMER
ERROR
32ND
CLOCK
OPTION
CLOCK
BIT
COUNTER
AND
BIT
SEQUENCE
EOS
BITCLOCK
END
ERROR
CLOCK
ENDOF
CLK
FIGURE2. RECEIVERBLOCKDIAGRAM
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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TRANSMITTER
AblockdiagramofthetransmittersectionisshowninFigure3.
HI-3282
TRANSMITTERPARITY
ControlregisterbitBD04(PAREN)enablesparitybitinsertioninto
transmitterdatabit32.ParityisalwaysinsertedifDBCENisopen
orhigh.IfDBCENislow,logic0onPARENinsertsdataonbit32,
andlogic1onPARENinsertsparityonbit32.
FIFOOPERATION
TheFIFOisloadedsequentiallybyfirstpulsingtoloadbyte1
andthentoloadbyte2.Thecontrollogicautomaticallyloads
the31bitwordinthenextavailablepositionoftheFIFO.IfTX/R,
thetransmitterreadyflagishigh(FIFOempty),then8words,
each31bitslong,maybeloaded.IfTX/Rislow,thenonlythe
availablepositionsmaybeloaded.Ifall8positionsarefull,the
FIFOignoresfurtherattemptstoloaddata.
PL2
PL1
DATATRANSMISSION
WhenENTXgoeshigh,enablingtransmission,theFIFO
positionsareincrementedwiththetopregisterloading intothe
datatransmissionshiftregister.Within2.5dataclocksthefirst
databitappearsateither429DOor.The31bitsinthe
datatransmissionshiftregisterarepresentedsequentiallytothe
outputsintheARINC429formatwiththefollowingtiming:
ARINCDATABITTIME10Clocks80Clocks
DATABITTIME5Clocks40Clocks
NULLBITTIME5Clocks40Clocks
WORDGAPTIME40Clocks320Clocks
Thewordcounterdetectswhenallloadedpositionsare
transmittedandsetsthetransmitterreadyflag,TX/R,high.
429DO
HIGHSPEEDLOWSPEED
TheparitygeneratorcountstheONESinthe31-bitword.Ifthe
BD12controlwordbitissetlow,the32ndbittransmittedwillmake
parityodd.Ifthecontrolbitishightheparityiseven.
SELFTEST
IftheBD05controlwordbitissetlow,429DOorbecome
inputstothereceiversbypassingtheinterfacecircuitry.
and 429DO
outputsremainactiveduringselftest.
429DO
429DO
SYSTEMOPERATION
Thetworeceiv ersareindependentofthetransmitter.Therefore,
controlofdataexchangesarestrictlyattheoptionoftheuser.The
onlyrestrictionsare:
1.Thereceiveddatamaybeoverwrittenifnotretrieved
withinoneARINCwordcycle.
2.TheFIFOcanstore8wordsmaximumandignores
attemptstoloadadditiondataiffull.
3.Byte1ofthetransmitterdatamustbeloadedfirst.
4.Eitherbyteofthereceiveddatamayberetrievedfirst.
Bothbytesmustberetrievedtoclearthedatareadyflag.
5.AfterENTX,transmissionenable,goeshighitcannotgo
lowuntilTX/R,transmitterreadyflag,goeshigh.O therwise,
oneARINCwordislostduringtransmission.
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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HI-3282
REPEATEROPERATION
Therepeatermodeofoperationallowsadatawordthathasbeen
receivedbytheHI-3282tobeplaceddirectlyintoitsFIFOfor
transmission.Aftera32-bitwordhasbeenshiftedintothereceiver
shiftregister,theflagwillgolow.Alogic"0"isplacedontheSEL
lineandisstrobed.Thisisthesameprocedureasfornormal
EN
receiveroperationanditplacesthelowerbyte(16)ofthedataword
onthedatabus.Bystrobingatthesame
429DO
429DO
D/R
DATA
ARINCBIT
BIT30
NULL
DATA
PL1
BIT31
NULL
DATA
timeas,thebytewillalsobeplacedintothetransmitterFIFO.
SEListhentakenhighandisstrobedagaintoplacetheupper
byteofthedatawordonthedatabus.Bystrobingatthesame
timeas,thesecondbytewillalsobeplacedintotheFIFO.The
EN
EN
PL2
EN
datawordisnowreadytobetransmittedaccordingtotheparity
programmedintothecontrolwordregister.
Innormaloperation,eitherbyteofareceiveddatawordmayberead
fromthereceiverlatchesfirstbyuseofSELinput.Duringrepeater
operationhowever,thelowerbyteofthedatawordmustberead
first.Thisisnecessarybecause,asthedataisbe ingread,itisalso
beingloadedintotheFIFOandthetransmitterFIFOisalways
loadedwiththelowerbyteofthedatawordfirst.
NULL
BIT32
WORDGAP
BIT1
NEXTWORD
DATABUS
CWSTR
DATABUS
VALID
t
CWSET
t
CWSTR
t
D/R
t
SELEN
t
D/REN
t
ENDATA
t
ENSEL
t
CWHLD
t
DATAEN
t
ENEN
t
ENDATA
t
SELEN
t
END/R
t
EN
t
ENSEL
t
DATAEN
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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HI-3282
DATABUS
PL1
PL2
TX/R
PL2
TX/R
ENTX
429DO
or
429DO
t
PL2EN
t
ENDAT
t
PL
ARINCBIT
DATA
BIT1
BYTE1VALID
t
DWSET
t
DWHLD
t
PL12
DATA
BIT2
t
PL
BYTE2VALID
t
DWSET
t
DWHLD
t
TX/R
t
PL12
t
DTX/R
DATA
BIT32
t
ENTX/R
429DI
SEL
TX/R
ENTX
429DO
D/R
EN
PL1
PL2
BIT32
t
D/R
t
DON'TCARE
SELEN
t
D/REN
t
ENPL
t
END/R
t
EN
t
PLEN
t
ENEN
t
ENSEL
t
ENPL
t
t
SELEN
t
TX/REN
EN
DON'TCARE
t
ENSEL
t
PLEN
t
TX/R
t
ENTX/R
t
ENDAT
BIT1 BIT32
t
DTX/R
t
NULL
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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HI-3282
SupplyVoltageVcc
-0.5Vto+7V
Voltageatpins2,3,4&5-29Vto+29V
Voltageatanyotherpin-1.5VtoVcc+1.5V
DCCurrentDrainperinputpin10mA
PowerDissipation500mW
OperatingTemperatureRange:(Industrial)-40°Cto+85°C
(Military)-55°Cto+125°C
StorageTemperatureRange:-65°Cto+150°C
NOTE:Stressesabovethoselistedunder"AbsoluteMaximumRatings"maycausepermanentdamagetothedevice.Thesea restressratingsonly.
Functionaloperationofthedeviceattheseoranyotherconditionsabovethoseindicatedintheoperationalsection softhespecificationsisnotimplied.
Exposuretoabsolutemaximumratingconditionsforextendedperiodsmayaffectdevicereliability.
Vcc=5V±5%,GND=0V,TA=OperatingTemperatureRange(unlessotherwisespecified).
LIMITS
PARAMETERCONDITIONSUNITSYMBOL
ARINCINPUTS-Pins:429DI1(A),429DI1(B),429DI2(A),429DI2(B)
DifferentialInputVoltage:ONEVCommon6.510.013.0V
ZEROVmodevoltagelessthan±5V-13.0-10.0-6.5V
NULLVwithrespecttoGND-2.502.5V
InputResistance:DifferentialR12K
ToGNDR1227K
ToVccR1227k
InputCurrent:InputSinkI200µA
InputSourceI-450µA
IH
IL
NUL
I
G
H
IH
IL
MINTYPMAX
Ω
Ω
Ω
InputCapacitance:DifferentialC20pF
(Guaranteedbutnottested)ToGNDC20pF
ToVccC20pF
I
G
H
BI-DIRECTIONALINPUTS-Pins:BD00-BD15
InputVoltage:InputVoltageHIV2.0V
InputVoltageLOV0.8V
InputCurrent:InputSinkI1.5µA
InputSourceI-1.5µA
IH
IL
IH
IL
ALLOTHERINPUTS
InputVoltage:InputVoltageHIV2.0V
InputVoltageLOV0.8V
InputCurrent:InputSinkI10µA
InputSourceI-10µA
Pull-upCurr ent(Pin)I-150-50A
DCBEN µ
IH
IL
IH
IL
PU
OUTPUTS
OutputVoltage:Logic"1"OutputVoltageVI=-1.5mA2.7V
Logic"0"OutputVoltageVI=1.6mA0.4V
OutputCurrent:OutputSinkIV=0.4V1.6mA
(Bi-directionalPins)OutputSourceIV=V-0.4V-1.0mA
OutputCurrent:OutputSinkIV=0.4V1.6mA
(AllOtherOutputs)OutputSourceIV=V-0.4V-1.0mA
OutputCapacitance:C15pF
OHOH
OLOL
OLOUT
OHOUTCC
OLOUT
OHOUTCC
O
SUPPLYINPUT
StandbySupplyCurrent:I10mA
OperatingSupplyCurrent:I10mA
CC1
CC2
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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HI-3282
Vcc=5V,GND=0V,TA=OperatingTemperatureRangeandfclk=1mhz0.1%with60/40dutycycle +
PARAMETERSYMBOLUNITS
CONTROLWORDTIMING
RECEIVERTIMING
Delay-StartARINC32ndBittoLOW:HighSpeedt16µs
FIFOTIMING
TRANSMISSIONTIMING
Delay-ENTXHIGHto429DOor:HighSpeedt25µs
Delay-ENTXHIGHto4 29DOor:LowSpeedt200µs
REPEATEROPERATIONTIMING
MasterResetPulseWidth
ARINCDataRateandBitTiming
LIMITS
MINTYPMAX
Setup-DATABUSValidtoHIGHt50ns
PulseWidth-t50ns
Hold-HIGHtoDATABUSHi-Zt0ns
CWSTR
D/R
Delay-LOWtoL0Wt0ns
Delay-LOWtoHIGHt200ns
D/REN
END/R
Setup-SELtoL0Wt0ns
Hold-SELtoHIGHt0ns
Delay-L0WtoDATABUSValidt5080ns
EN
Delay-HIGHtoDATABUSHi-Zt30ns
EN
PulseWidth-ort8050ns
Spacing-HIGHtonextL0Wt50ns
ENEN
PulseWidth-ort50ns
Setup-DATABUSValidtoHIGHt50ns
Hold-HIGHtoDATABUSHi-Zt0ns
PL
Spacing-ort0ns
Delay-HIGHtoTX/RLOWt840ns
PL2
Spacing-HIGHtoENTXHIGHt0µs
PL2
429D0
429D0
Delay-32ndARINCBittoTX/RHIGHt50ns
Spacing-TX/RHIGHtoENTXL0Wt0ns
Delay-LOWtoLOWt0ns
ENPL
Hold-HIGHtoHIGHt0ns
PLEN
Delay-TX/RLOWtoENTXHIGHt0ns
CWSTR
CWSTR
LowSpeedt128µs
EN
EN
EN1EN2
PL1PL2
PL
PL1PL2
CWSTR
CWSET
CWHLD
D/R
D/R
D/REN
END/R
SELEN
ENSEL
ENDATA
DATAEN
EN
ENEN
PL
DWSET
DWHLD
PL12
TX/R
PL2EN
ENDAT
ENDAT
DTX/R
ENTX/R
ENPL
PLEN
TX/REN
t50ns
MR
±1%
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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HI-3282
ADDITIONALHI-3282PINCONFIGURATIONS (Seepage1forthe44-pinPlasticQFP)
PINCONFIGURATION (TopView)
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
10
HI-3282
PART
NUMBER
HI-3282PQT
HI-3282PJI
HI-3282CDT
HI-3282CDM
PACKAGE
DESCRIPTION
44PINPLASTICQUADFLATPACK(PQFP)
44PINPLASTICQUADFLATPACK(PQFP)
44PINPLASTICJ-LEADPLCC
44PINPLASTICJ-LEADPLCC
40PINCERAMICSIDE-BRAZEDDIP
40PINCERAMICSIDE-BRAZEDDIP
40PINCERAMICSIDE-BRAZEDDIP
TEMPERATURE
RANGE
-40°CTO+85°C HI-3282PQI NO SOLDER
-55°CTO+125°C
-40°CTO+85°C I
-40°CTO+85°C HI-3282CDI NO GOLD
-55°CTO+125°C
-55°CTO+125°C
FLOW BURN
IN
I
T
T
I
T
M
NO SOLDER
NO SOLDER
NO GOLD
YES SOLDER
LEAD
FINISH
SOLDERNO -55°CTO+125°C HI-3282PJT
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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40-PINCERAMICSIDE-BRAZEDDIP
(51.308MAX)
HI-3282PACKAGEDIMENSIONS
inches(millimeters)
PackageType:
2.020MAX
40C
.610 ± .010
(15.494 ± .254)
.225MAX
(5.715MAX)
.125MIN
(3.175MIN)
44-PINPLASTICPLCC
PINNO.1
.045x45°
.690 ± .005
(17.526 ± .127)
SQ.
.018TYP
(.457TYP)
PINNO.1IDENT
.050TYP
(1.270TYP)
.653 ± .004
(16.586 ± .102)
SQ.
(2.159 ± .229)
.100BSC
(2.540BSC)
.045x45°
.085 ± .009
.595 ± .010
(15.113 ± .254)
.010 + .002 /− .001
(.254 + .051 /− .025)
.050 ± .005
(1.27 ± .127)
.600 ± .010
(15.240 ± .254)
PackageType:
.031 ± .005
(.787 ± .127)
44J
.172 ± .008
(4.369 ± .203)
SEEDETAIL
A
.610 ± .020
(15.494 ± .508)
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
12
.009
.011
DETAILA
.017 ± .004
(.432 ± .102)
.015±.002
(.381 ± .051)
.020MIN
(.508 ΜΙΝ )
.025
R
.045
HI-3282PACKAGEDIMENSIONS
44-PINPLASTICQUADFLATPACK(PQFP)
.097
(2.45)
.547±.010
(13.90±.25)
SQ.
SeeDetailA
MAX.
.394±.004
(10.0±.10)
SQ.
.079+.004/-.006
(2.00+.10/-.15)
.008
(.20R)
TYP.
PackageType:
.007
MAX.
(.17)
.0315BSC
(.80BSC)
.014±..002
(.35±.05)
.035+.006/-.004
(.88+.15/-.10)
.012
TYP.
(.30R)
DetailA
inches(millimeters)
44PQS
0 °≤Θ≤ 7 °
HOLTINTEGRATEDCIRCUITS
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