Datasheet EVAL-AD1958EB, AD1958YRS Datasheet (Analog Devices)

Page 1
a
PLL/Multibit - DAC
AD1958
FEATURES 5 V Stereo Audio DAC System Accepts 16-/18-/20-/24-Bit Data Supports 24 Bits, 192 kHz Sample Rate Accepts a Wide Range of Sample Rates Including:
32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 96 kHz, and 192 kHz
Multibit Sigma-Delta Modulator with “Perfect Differential
Linearity Restoration” for Reduced Idle Tones and
Noise Floor Data Directed Scrambling DAC—Least Sensitive to Jitter Single-Ended Output for Easy Use 108 dB Signal-to-Noise (Not Muted) at 48 kHz Sample
Rate (A-Weighted Stereo) 109 dB Dynamic Range (Not Muted) at 48 kHz Sample
Rate (A-Weighted Stereo) –96 dB THD + N (Stereo) 75 dB Stop Band Attenuation On-Chip Clickless Volume Control Hardware and Software Controllable Clickless Mute Serial (SPI) Control for: Serial Mode, Number of Bits,
Sample Rate, Volume, Mute, De-Emphasis Digital De-Emphasis Processing for 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz,
and 48 kHz Sample Rates Programmable Dual Fractional-N PLL Clock Generator 27 MHz Master Clock Oscillator Better than 100 ps rms Master Clock Jitter Generated System Clocks
SCLK0: 33.8688 MHz
SCLK1: 22.5792 MHz, 24.576 MHz, 33.8688 MHz, or
36.864 MHz
SCLK2: 16.9344 MHz
Flexible Serial Data Port with Right-Justified, Left-
Justified, I
2
S-Compatible, and DSP Serial Port Modes
28-Lead SSOP Plastic Package
APPLICATIONS DVD, CD, Home Theater Systems, Automotive Audio Systems, Sampling Musical Keyboards, Digital Mixing Consoles, Digital Audio Effects Processors

PRODUCT OVERVIEW

The AD1958 is a complete high-performance single-chip stereo digital audio playback system. It is comprised of a multibit sigma­delta modulator, digital interpolation filters, and analog output drive circuitry with an on-board dual PLL clock generator. Other features include an on-chip stereo attenuator and mute, programmed through an SPI-compatible serial control port. The AD1958 is fully compatible with all known DVD formats including 96 kHz and 192 kHz sample frequencies and 24 bits. It also is backwards-compatible by supporting 50 µs/15 µs digital de-emphasis for “redbook” compact discs, as well as de-emphasis at 32 kHz and 48 kHz sample rates.
The AD1958 has a simple but flexible serial data input port that allows for glueless interconnection to a variety of ADCs, DSP chips, AES/EBU receivers, and sample rate converters. The AD1958 can be configured in left-justified, I
2
S, right-justified, or DSP serial-port-compatible modes. It can support 16, 20, and 24 bits in all modes. The AD1958 accepts serial audio data in MSB first, two’s-complement format, and operates from a single 5 V power supply. It is fabricated on a single monolithic integrated circuit and housed in a 28-lead SSOP package for operation over the temperature range –40°C to +105°C.
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
MCLK
XOUT
OSC
ATTEN/MUTE
ATTEN/MUTE
PLL
CIRCUIT
INTERPOLATOR
INTERPOLATOR
16-/20-/24­BIT DIGITAL DATA INPUT
XIN
AD1958
SERIAL
DATA
INTERFACE
3
RESET MUTE ZERO FLAG PLL SUPPLY DIGITAL SUPPLY ANALOG SUPPLY
LOOP
FILTERS
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Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
CLOCK
OUTPUTS
8
f
S
8
f
S
CONTROL DATA
INPUT
323
SERIAL CONTROL
INTERFACE
MULTIBIT
SIGMA-DELTA
MODULATOR
MULTIBIT
SIGMA-DELTA
MODULATOR
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781/329-4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781/326-8703 © Analog Devices, Inc., 2001
VO LTAG E
REFERENCE
DAC
DAC
OUTPUT BUFFER
OUTPUT BUFFER
322
ANALOG
OUTPUTS
L
R
Page 2
AD1958–SPECIFICATIONS

TEST CONDITIONS UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED

Supply Voltages (AVDD, DVDD, PVDD) 5.0 V Ambient Temperature 25°C Input Clock 12.288 MHz (256 × f Input Signal 996.0938 Hz,
0 dB Full Scale Input Sample Rate 48 kHz Measurement Bandwidth 20 Hz to 20 kHz Word Width 24 Bits Load Capacitance 100 pF Load Impedance 47 k Input Voltage HI 2.0 V Input Voltage LO 0.8 V

ANALOG PERFORMANCE

Resolution 24 Bits Signal-to-Noise Ratio (20 Hz to 20 kHz)
No Filter (Stereo) 105 dB With A-Weighted Filter (Stereo) 108 dB
Dynamic Range (20 Hz to 20 kHz, –60 dB Input)
No Filter (Stereo) 105 dB
With A-Weighted Filter (Stereo) 102 109 dB Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (Stereo) –90 –96 dB PLL Performance
Master Clock Input Frequency 27 MHz
Generated System Clocks
SCLK0 33.8688 MHz SCLK1 12.288 MHz
SCLK2 22.5792 MHz Jitter (SCLK0 and SCLK1) 110 175 ps rms Jitter (MCLK) 60 100 ps rms Duty Cycle (SCLK0, SCLK1)
1
Duty Cycle (MCLK) 49 50 51 % Analog Outputs
Single-Ended Output Range (±Full Scale) 3.17 V p-p Output Capacitance at Each Output Pin 2 pF
Out-of-Band Energy (0.5 × f
(FILTR) 2.39 V
V
REF
to 100 kHz) –90 dB
S
DC Accuracy
Gain Error –5 ± 2.0 +5 % Interchannel Gain Mismatch –0.15 ± 0.015 +0.15 dB Gain Drift 150 250 ppm/°C
DC Offset –25 –3 +20 mV Interchannel Crosstalk (EIAJ Method) –120 dB Interchannel Phase Deviation ± 0.1 Degrees Mute Attenuation –100 dB De-Emphasis Gain Error ± 0.1 dB
NOTES
1
In some combinations with Clock Configuration Mode = 1 (see Table III), SCLK will not be 50%.
2
Performance of right and left channels is identical (exclusive of the Interchannel Gain Mismatch and Interchannel Phase Deviation specifications).
Specifications subject to change without notice.

DIGITAL I/O (–40°C to +105°C )

Input Voltage HI (VIH) 2.0 V Input Voltage LO (V Input Leakage (I Input Leakage (I High Level Output Voltage (V Low Level Output Voltage (V
) 0.8 V
IL
@ VIH = 2.4 V) 10 µA
IH
@ VIL = 0.8 V) 10 µA
IL
) IOH = 1 mA 3.5 V
OH
) IOL = 1 mA 0.4 V
OL
Input Capacitance 20 pF
Specifications subject to change without notice.
Mode)
S
Min Typ Max Unit
50 %
Min Typ Max Unit
–2–
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AD1958

TEMPERATURE RANGE

Min Typ Max Unit
Specifications Guaranteed 25 °C Functionality Guaranteed –40 +105* °C Storage –55 +125 °C
NOTE *105°C ambient guaranteed for a 4-layer board, two 1 oz. planes, two 2 oz. signal layers. Derate to 85 °C for 2-layer board, 2 oz. layers.
Specifications subject to change without notice.

POWER

Min Typ Max Unit
Supplies
Voltage, Analog Digital PLL 4.50 5 5.50 V Analog Current 36 41 mA Digital Current 25 29 mA PLL Current 30 34 mA
Dissipation
Operation—All Supplies 455 540 mW Operation—Analog Supply 180 mW Operation—Digital Supply 125 mW Operation—PLL Supply 150 mW
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
1 kHz 300 mV p-p Signal at Analog Supply Pins –60 dB 20 kHz 300 mV p-p Signal at Analog Supply Pins –50 dB
Specifications subject to change without notice.

DIGITAL FILTER CHARACTERISTICS

Sample Rate (kHz) Pass Band (kHz) Stop Band (kHz) Stop Band Attenuation (dB) Pass Band Ripple (dB)
44.1 DC–20 24.1–328.7 75 ± 0.0002 48 DC–21.8 26.23–358.28 75 ± 0.0002 96 DC–39.95 56.9–327.65 75 ± 0.0005 192 DC–87.2 117–327.65 60 0/–0.04 (DC–21.8 kHz)
0/–0.5 (DC–65.4 kHz) 0/–1.5 (DC–87.2 kHz)
Specifications subject to change without notice.

GROUP DELAY

Chip Mode Group Delay Calculation f
INT8× Mode 24.625/f INT4× Mode 15.75/f INT2× Mode 14/f
Specifications subject to change without notice.
S
S
S
S
48 kHz 513 µs 96 kHz 164 µs 192 kHz 72.91 µs
Group Delay Unit
DIGITAL TIMING (Guaranteed over –40°C to +105C, AVDD = DVDD = PVDD = 5.0 V 10%)
Min Unit
t
DMP
t
DML
t
DMH
t
DBH
t
DBL
t
DBP
t
DLS
t
DLH
t
DDS
t
DDH
t
RSTL
Specifications subject to change without notice.
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MCLK Period (FMCLK = 256 × FLRCLK) 54 ns MCLK LO Pulsewidth (All Modes) 15 ns MCLK HI Pulsewidth (All Modes) 10 ns BCLK HI Pulsewidth 20 ns BCLK LO Pulsewidth 20 ns BCLK Period 60 ns LRCLK Setup 20 ns LRCLK Hold (DSP Serial Port Mode Only) 20 ns SDATA Setup 15 ns SDATA Hold 15 ns RST LO Pulsewidth 15 ns
–3–
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AD1958
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*

DVDD to DGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +6 V
AVDD to DGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +6 V
Digital Inputs . . . . . . . . . . DGND – 0.3 V to DVDD + 0.3 V
Analog Inputs . . . . . . . . . . AGND – 0.3 V to AVDD + 0.3 V
AGND to DGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to + 0.3 V
Reference Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (AVDD + 0.3)/2
Soldering (10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C
*Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause perma-
nent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Only one absolute
PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS
Min Typ Max Unit
(Thermal Resistance) 109.0 °C/W
JA
Junction-to-Ambient (2-Layer Board)
(Thermal Resistance) 78.58 °C/W
JA
Junction-to-Ambient (4-Layer Board— 2 Signal, 2 Planes)
(Thermal Resistance)
JA
Junction-to-Case 39.0 °C/W
maximum rating may be applied at any one time.

CAUTION

ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD1958 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high-energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.

ORDERING GUIDE

Model Temperature Package Description Package Option
AD1958YRS –40°C to +105 AD1958YRSRL –40°C to +105
°C 28-Lead Small Outline Package RS-28 °C 28-Lead Small Outline Package RS-28 on 13" Reels
EVAL-AD1958EB Evaluation Board
PIN CONFIGURATION
1
CCLK
CLATCH
RESET
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
DVDD
DGND
SCLK0
SCLK1
SCLK2
MCLK
XOUT
XIN
2
3
4
5
6
AD1958
7
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
CDATA
MUTE
ZERO
FILTB
AVDD
OUTL
AGND1
FLTR
OUTR
AGND0
LF1
LF0
PGND
PVDD
–4–
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AD1958
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Pin Input/Output Mnemonic Description
1 I CCLK Control Clock Input for Control Data. Control input data must be valid on
the rising edge of CCLK. CCLK may be continuous or gated.
2I CLATCH Latch Input for Control Data 3I RESET Reset. The AD1958 is placed in a reset mode when this pin is held LO.
The serial control port registers are reset to their default values. Set HI for
normal operation. 4 I LRCLK Left/Right Clock Input for Input Data. Must run continuously. 5 I BCLK Bit Clock Input for Input Data. Need not run continuously; may be gated
or used in a burst fashion. 6 I SDATA Serial input, MSB first, containing two channels of 16/20/24 bits of two’s-
complement data per channel. 7 I DVDD Digital Power Supply Connect to Digital 5 V Supply 8 I DGND Digital Ground 9 O SCLK0 33.8688 MHz Clock Output 10 O SCLK1 256/384/512/768 f 11 O SCLK2 16.9344 MHz/22.5792 MHz/512 f 12 I/O MCLK 27 MHz Master Clock Output/256 f 13 O XOUT 27 MHz Crystal Oscillator Output 14 I XIN 27 MHz Crystal Oscillator/External Clock Input 15 PVDD PLL Power Supply. Connect to PLL 5 V Supply. 16 PGND PLL Ground 17 LF0 PLL0 Loop Filter 18 LF1 PLL1 Loop Filter 19 AGND0 Analog Ground 20 O OUTR Right Channel Positive Line Level Analog Output 21 O FILTR Voltage Reference Filter Capacitor Connection. Bypass and decouple the
voltage reference with parallel 10 µF and 0.1 µF capacitors to AGND. 22 I AGND1 Analog Ground 23 O OUTL Left Channel Line Level Analog Output 24 AVDD Analog Power Supply. Connect to Analog 5 V Supply. 25 FILTB Filter Capacitor Connection. Connect 10 µF Capacitor to AGND. 26 O ZERO Zero Flag Output. This pin goes HI when both channels have zero signal
input for more than 1024 L/R Clock Cycles. 27 I MUTE Mute. Assert HI to Mute Both Stereo Analog Outputs. Deassert LO for
normal operation. 28 I CDATA Serial Control Input, MSB first, containing 16 bits of unsigned data
per channel. Used for specifying channel-specific attenuation and mute.
Output
S
Output
S
DAC Clock Input
S
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION DAC
The AD1958 has two DAC channels arranged as a stereo pair with single-ended analog outputs. Each channel has its own independently programmable attenuator, adjustable in 16384 linear steps. Digital inputs are supplied through a serial data input pin, SDATA, a frame clock, LRCLK, and a bit clock, BLCK.
Each analog output pin sits at a dc level of V
(present at
REF
FILTR), and swings ± 1.585 V for a 0 dB digital input signal. A single op amp third-order external low-pass filter is recom­mended to remove high-frequency noise present on the output pins. The output phase can be changed in an SPI control register to accommodate inverting and noninverting filters. Note that the use of op amps with low slew rate or low band­width may cause high frequency noise and tones to fold down
REV. 0
into the audio band; care should be exercised in selecting these components.
The FILTB and FILTR pins should be bypassed by external capacitors to ground. The FILTB pin is used to reduce the noise of the internal DAC bias circuitry, thereby reducing the DAC output noise. The voltage at the V can be used to bias external op amps used to filter the output signals.
The DAC master clock frequency is 256 fS for the 32 kHz–48 kHz range (8 interpolation, see Table I). For the 96 kHz range (4 interpolation) this is 128 f is 64 fS. It is supplied internally from the PLL clock system when MCLK mode is set to Output in the PLL Control Register. When the MCLK mode is changed to Input, it must be supplied from an external source connected to MCLK. The output from the 27 MHz PLL clock is disabled in this case.
–5–
pin, FILTR (V
REF
. At 192 kHz (2 interpolation), this
S
~ 2.39 V)
REF
Page 6
AD1958
Table I. DAC Control Register
Bit 11:10 Bit 9:8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5:4 Bit 3:2 Bit 1:0
Interpolation Serial Data Serial Data De-Emphasis SPI Register Factor Width Output Phase Soft Mute Format Filter Address
00 = 8×* 00 = 24 Bits* 0 = Noninverted* 0 = No Mute* 00 = I 01 = 4× 01 = 20 Bits 1 = Inverted 1 = Muted 00 = Right Justified 01 = 44.1 kHz 10 = 2× 10 = 16 Bits 10 = DSP 10 = 32 kHz 11 = Not Allowed 11 = 16 Bits 11 = Left Justified 11 = 48 kH
*Default Setting
2
S* 00 = None* 01
z
PLL CLOCK SYSTEM
The PLL clock system is expected to be run from a 27 MHz master clock supplied by the on-board crystal oscillator or an external source connected to XIN. With the MCLK mode set to Output, the 27 MHz clock is buffered out to the MCLK pin. When set to Input, this pin is the 256 f
master clock input
S
for the DAC. SCLK0 is always set to 33.8688 MHz. SCLK1 is intended to be used as a master audio clock and will be a multiple of the sample rate set in the PLL control register (see Table III). In Mode 0 (Bit 8), it can be set to 512 or 768 times either
44.1 kHz or 48 kHz. SCLK2 will be 16.3944 MHz (384
44.1 kHz). In Mode 1, SCLK1 can be set to 256, 384, 512,

RESET/POWER-DOWN

RESET will set the control registers to their default settings. The chip should be reset on power-up. After reset is deasserted, the part will come out of reset on the next rising LRCLK.
Table II. DAC Volume Registers
Bit 15:2 Bit 1:0
Volume SPI Register Address
14 Bits, Unsigned 00 = Left Volume 14 Bits, Unsigned 10 = Right Volume
Default is full volume
or 768 times 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, or 48 kHz. SCLK2 can be

SERIAL CONTROL PORT

set to a constant 22.5792 MHz (512 44.1 kHz) or 512 f
There are two loop filter pins, LF0 and LF1. They should each be bypassed to PVDD by a network consisting of a 33 nF capaci­tor
in series with a 750 resistor, paralleled with a 1.8 nF capacitor.
The 27 MHz Master Clock oscillator should have a crystal cut for
.
S
The AD1958 has an SPI-compatible control port to permit programming the internal control registers for the PLL and DAC. The DAC output levels may be independently programmed by means of an internal digital attenuator adjustable in 16384 linear steps.
an 18 pF load connected between XIN and XOUT, with 22 pF capacitors connected from XIN and XOUT to PGND.
Table III. PLL Control Register
Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7:6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1:0
PLL2 PLL1 XTAL SPI Power- Power- Power- Clock SCLK1 Frequency SCLK2 MCLK Register Down Down Down Configuration f
1
0 = On
0 = On10 = On10 = Mode 01SCLK1 = Reserved Reserved
S
1 = PD 1 = PD 1 = PD 000: 36.864 MHz
Select Double
1
2
Select Mode Address
0 = Output111
Set to 0 Set to 0 1 = Input 100: 24.576 MHz 110: 33.8688 MHz 111: 22.5792 MHz
Other combinations reserved SCLK2 = 16.9344 MHz
1 = Mode 1 00 = 48 kHz
01 = Not 1 = 384 Allowed f 10 = 32 kHz 11 = 44.1 kHz
NOTES
1
Default Setting
2
In Mode 1, Frequency Double affects SCLK1 always and SCLK2 in 512 ⫻ fS mode.
–6–
0 = 256 fS0 = Normal
fS1 = 1 = 512 ⫻ f
NOMINAL
2
0 = 22.5792 MHz
2
S
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Page 7
AD1958
The SPI control port is a 3-wire serial control port. The format is similar to the Motorola SPI format except the input data word is 16 bits wide. Max serial bit clock frequency is 8 MHz and may be completely asynchronous to the PLL system or the DAC. Figure 1 shows the format of the SPI signal. Note that the CCLK can be gated or continuous, CLATCH should be low during the 16 active clocks.

POWER SUPPLY AND VOLTAGE REFERENCE

The AD1958 is designed for five-volt supplies. Separate power supply pins are provided for the analog, digital, and PLL sec-
These pins should be bypassed with 100 nF ceramic
tions. chip capacitors, as close to the pins as possible, to minimize noise. A bulk aluminum electrolytic capacitor of at least 22 µF should also be provided on the same PC board. For best perfor­mance it is recommended that the analog supply be separate from the digital and PLL supply. It is recommended that all supplies be isolated by ferrite beads in series with each supply. It
CLATCH
CCLK
CDATA
D15 D14
Figure 1. Format of SPI Signal
is expected that the digital and PLL sections will be run from a common supply but isolated from one another. It is important that the analog supply be as clean as possible.
The internal voltage reference is brought out on Pin 21 (FILTR) and should be bypassed as close as possible to the chip with a parallel combination of 10 µF and 100 nF. The reference volt- age may be used to bias external op amps to the common-mode voltage of the analog output signal pins. The current drawn from the FILTR pin should be limited to less than 50 µA.
SERIAL DATA PORTS—DATA FORMAT
The DAC serial data input mode defaults to I2S. By changing Bits 4 and 5 in the DAC control register, the mode can be changed to RJ, DSP, or LJ. The word width defaults to 24 bits but can be changed by programming Bits 8 and 9 in the DAC Control Register.
Figure 2 shows the serial mode formats.
D0
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
LEFT CHANNEL
MSB
LEFT CHANNEL
MSB
MSB
RIGHT-JUSTIFIED MODE—SELECT NUMBER OF BITS PER CHANNEL
MSB
NOTES
1. DSP MODE DOES NOT IDENTIFY CHANNEL.
2. LRCLK NORMALLY OPERATES AT f
3. BCLK FREQUENCY IS NORMALLY 64 LRCLK BUT MAY BE OPERATED IN BURST MODE.
LSB
LEFT-JUSTIFIED MODE—16 TO 24 BITS PER CHANNEL
2
S MODE—16 TO 24 BITS PER CHANNEL
1
LEFT CHANNEL
LSB
DSP MODE—16 TO 24 BITS PER CHANNEL
EXCEPT FOR DSP MODE WHICH IS 2  fS.
S
LSB
MSB
MSB
MSB
1/f
S
RIGHT CHANNEL
LSB
RIGHT CHANNEL
RIGHT CHANNEL
MSB
Figure 2. Stereo Serial Modes
LSBLSB
LSB
LSB
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–7–
Page 8
AD1958
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
28-Lead Small Outline Package (SSOP)
(RS-28)
0.407 (10.34)
0.397 (10.08)
28 15
PIN 1
1
0.078 (1.98)
0.068 (1.73)
0.015 (0.38)
0.008 (0.203)
0.002 (0.050)
CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN
0.0256 (0.65)
BSC
0.010 (0.25)
14
0.07 (1.79)
0.066 (1.67)
SEATING
PLANE
0.212 (5.38)
0.205 (5.21)
0.311 (7.9)
0.301 (7.64)
0.009 (0.229)
0.005 (0.127)
8 0
0.03 (0.762)
0.022 (0.558)
C02708–0–10/01(0)
–8–
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
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