FEATURES
5 V Stereo Audio DAC System
Accepts 16-/18-/20-/24-Bit Data
Supports 24 Bits, 192 kHz Sample Rate
Accepts a Wide Range of Sample Rates Including:
Multibit Sigma-Delta Modulator with “Perfect Differential
Linearity Restoration” for Reduced Idle Tones and
Noise Floor
Data Directed Scrambling DAC—Least Sensitive to Jitter
Single-Ended Output for Easy Use
108 dB Signal-to-Noise (Not Muted) at 48 kHz Sample
Rate (A-Weighted Stereo)
109 dB Dynamic Range (Not Muted) at 48 kHz Sample
Rate (A-Weighted Stereo)
–96 dB THD + N (Stereo)
75 dB Stop Band Attenuation
On-Chip Clickless Volume Control
Hardware and Software Controllable Clickless Mute
Serial (SPI) Control for: Serial Mode, Number of Bits,
Sample Rate, Volume, Mute, De-Emphasis
Digital De-Emphasis Processing for 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz,
and 48 kHz Sample Rates
Programmable Dual Fractional-N PLL Clock Generator
27 MHz Master Clock Oscillator
Better than 100 ps rms Master Clock Jitter
Generated System Clocks
SCLK0: 33.8688 MHz
SCLK1: 22.5792 MHz, 24.576 MHz, 33.8688 MHz, or
36.864 MHz
SCLK2: 16.9344 MHz
Flexible Serial Data Port with Right-Justified, Left-
Justified, I
2
S-Compatible, and DSP Serial Port Modes
28-Lead SSOP Plastic Package
APPLICATIONS
DVD, CD, Home Theater Systems, Automotive Audio
Systems, Sampling Musical Keyboards, Digital Mixing
Consoles, Digital Audio Effects Processors
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The AD1958 is a complete high-performance single-chip stereo
digital audio playback system. It is comprised of a multibit sigmadelta modulator, digital interpolation filters, and analog output
drive circuitry with an on-board dual PLL clock generator.
Other features include an on-chip stereo attenuator and mute,
programmed through an SPI-compatible serial control port.
The AD1958 is fully compatible with all known DVD formats
including 96 kHz and 192 kHz sample frequencies and 24 bits.
It also is backwards-compatible by supporting 50 µs/15 µs
digital de-emphasis for “redbook” compact discs, as well as
de-emphasis at 32 kHz and 48 kHz sample rates.
The AD1958 has a simple but flexible serial data input port that
allows for glueless interconnection to a variety of ADCs, DSP
chips, AES/EBU receivers, and sample rate converters. The
AD1958 can be configured in left-justified, I
2
S, right-justified,
or DSP serial-port-compatible modes. It can support 16, 20,
and 24 bits in all modes. The AD1958 accepts serial audio data
in MSB first, two’s-complement format, and operates from a
single 5 V power supply. It is fabricated on a single monolithic
integrated circuit and housed in a 28-lead SSOP package for
operation over the temperature range –40°C to +105°C.
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise
under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Supply Voltages
(AVDD, DVDD, PVDD)5.0 V
Ambient Temperature25°C
Input Clock12.288 MHz (256 × f
Input Signal996.0938 Hz,
0 dB Full Scale
Input Sample Rate48 kHz
Measurement Bandwidth20 Hz to 20 kHz
Word Width24 Bits
Load Capacitance100 pF
Load Impedance47 kΩ
Input Voltage HI2.0 V
Input Voltage LO0.8 V
ANALOG PERFORMANCE
Resolution24Bits
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (20 Hz to 20 kHz)
No Filter (Stereo)105dB
With A-Weighted Filter (Stereo)108dB
Dynamic Range (20 Hz to 20 kHz, –60 dB Input)
No Filter (Stereo)105dB
With A-Weighted Filter (Stereo)102109dB
Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (Stereo)–90–96dB
PLL Performance
DIGITAL TIMING (Guaranteed over –40°C to +105C, AVDD = DVDD = PVDD = 5.0 V 10%)
MinUnit
t
DMP
t
DML
t
DMH
t
DBH
t
DBL
t
DBP
t
DLS
t
DLH
t
DDS
t
DDH
t
RSTL
Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. 0
MCLK Period (FMCLK = 256 × FLRCLK)54ns
MCLK LO Pulsewidth (All Modes)15ns
MCLK HI Pulsewidth (All Modes)10ns
BCLK HI Pulsewidth20ns
BCLK LO Pulsewidth20ns
BCLK Period60ns
LRCLK Setup20ns
LRCLK Hold (DSP Serial Port Mode Only)20ns
SDATA Setup15ns
SDATA Hold15ns
RST LO Pulsewidth15ns
–3–
Page 4
AD1958
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
DVDD to DGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +6 V
AVDD to DGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +6 V
Digital Inputs . . . . . . . . . . DGND – 0.3 V to DVDD + 0.3 V
Analog Inputs . . . . . . . . . . AGND – 0.3 V to AVDD + 0.3 V
AGND to DGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to + 0.3 V
*Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause perma-
nent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational
sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Only one absolute
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although
the AD1958 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on
devices subjected to high-energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are
recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
ORDERING GUIDE
ModelTemperaturePackage DescriptionPackage Option
AD1958YRS–40°C to +105
AD1958YRSRL–40°C to +105
°C28-Lead Small Outline PackageRS-28
°C28-Lead Small Outline PackageRS-28 on 13" Reels
EVAL-AD1958EBEvaluation Board
PIN CONFIGURATION
1
CCLK
CLATCH
RESET
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
DVDD
DGND
SCLK0
SCLK1
SCLK2
MCLK
XOUT
XIN
2
3
4
5
6
AD1958
7
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
CDATA
MUTE
ZERO
FILTB
AVDD
OUTL
AGND1
FLTR
OUTR
AGND0
LF1
LF0
PGND
PVDD
–4–
REV. 0
Page 5
AD1958
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
PinInput/OutputMnemonicDescription
1ICCLKControl Clock Input for Control Data. Control input data must be valid on
the rising edge of CCLK. CCLK may be continuous or gated.
2ICLATCHLatch Input for Control Data
3IRESETReset. The AD1958 is placed in a reset mode when this pin is held LO.
The serial control port registers are reset to their default values. Set HI for
normal operation.
4ILRCLKLeft/Right Clock Input for Input Data. Must run continuously.
5IBCLKBit Clock Input for Input Data. Need not run continuously; may be gated
or used in a burst fashion.
6ISDATASerial input, MSB first, containing two channels of 16/20/24 bits of two’s-
complement data per channel.
7IDVDDDigital Power Supply Connect to Digital 5 V Supply
8IDGNDDigital Ground
9OSCLK033.8688 MHz Clock Output
10OSCLK1256/384/512/768 f
11OSCLK216.9344 MHz/22.5792 MHz/512 f
12I/OMCLK27 MHz Master Clock Output/256 f
13OXOUT27 MHz Crystal Oscillator Output
14IXIN27 MHz Crystal Oscillator/External Clock Input
15PVDDPLL Power Supply. Connect to PLL 5 V Supply.
16PGNDPLL Ground
17LF0PLL0 Loop Filter
18LF1PLL1 Loop Filter
19AGND0Analog Ground
20OOUTRRight Channel Positive Line Level Analog Output
21OFILTRVoltage Reference Filter Capacitor Connection. Bypass and decouple the
voltage reference with parallel 10 µF and 0.1 µF capacitors to AGND.
22IAGND1Analog Ground
23OOUTLLeft Channel Line Level Analog Output
24AVDDAnalog Power Supply. Connect to Analog 5 V Supply.
25FILTBFilter Capacitor Connection. Connect 10 µF Capacitor to AGND.
26OZEROZero Flag Output. This pin goes HI when both channels have zero signal
input for more than 1024 L/R Clock Cycles.
27IMUTEMute. Assert HI to Mute Both Stereo Analog Outputs. Deassert LO for
normal operation.
28ICDATASerial Control Input, MSB first, containing 16 bits of unsigned data
per channel. Used for specifying channel-specific attenuation and mute.
Output
S
Output
S
DAC Clock Input
S
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
DAC
The AD1958 has two DAC channels arranged as a stereo pair
with single-ended analog outputs. Each channel has its own
independently programmable attenuator, adjustable in 16384
linear steps. Digital inputs are supplied through a serial data
input pin, SDATA, a frame clock, LRCLK, and a bit clock, BLCK.
Each analog output pin sits at a dc level of V
(present at
REF
FILTR), and swings ± 1.585 V for a 0 dB digital input signal.
A single op amp third-order external low-pass filter is recommended to remove high-frequency noise present on the output
pins. The output phase can be changed in an SPI control
register to accommodate inverting and noninverting filters.
Note that the use of op amps with low slew rate or low bandwidth may cause high frequency noise and tones to fold down
REV. 0
into the audio band; care should be exercised in selecting
these components.
The FILTB and FILTR pins should be bypassed by external
capacitors to ground. The FILTB pin is used to reduce the noise
of the internal DAC bias circuitry, thereby reducing the DAC
output noise. The voltage at the V
can be used to bias external op amps used to filter the output signals.
The DAC master clock frequency is 256 fS for the 32 kHz–48 kHz
range (8⫻ interpolation, see Table I). For the 96 kHz range (4⫻
interpolation) this is 128 f
is 64 fS. It is supplied internally from the PLL clock system when
MCLK mode is set to Output in the PLL Control Register.
When the MCLK mode is changed to Input, it must be supplied
from an external source connected to MCLK. The output from
the 27 MHz PLL clock is disabled in this case.
The PLL clock system is expected to be run from a 27 MHz
master clock supplied by the on-board crystal oscillator or an
external source connected to XIN. With the MCLK mode set
to Output, the 27 MHz clock is buffered out to the MCLK
pin. When set to Input, this pin is the 256 f
master clock input
S
for the DAC. SCLK0 is always set to 33.8688 MHz. SCLK1 is
intended to be used as a master audio clock and will be a multiple
of the sample rate set in the PLL control register (see Table III).
In Mode 0 (Bit 8), it can be set to 512 or 768 times either
44.1 kHz or 48 kHz. SCLK2 will be 16.3944 MHz (384 ⫻
44.1 kHz). In Mode 1, SCLK1 can be set to 256, 384, 512,
RESET/POWER-DOWN
RESET will set the control registers to their default settings. The
chip should be reset on power-up. After reset is deasserted, the
part will come out of reset on the next rising LRCLK.
Table II. DAC Volume Registers
Bit 15:2Bit 1:0
VolumeSPI Register Address
14 Bits, Unsigned00 = Left Volume
14 Bits, Unsigned10 = Right Volume
Default is full volume
or 768 times 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, or 48 kHz. SCLK2 can be
SERIAL CONTROL PORT
set to a constant 22.5792 MHz (512 ⫻ 44.1 kHz) or 512 f
There are two loop filter pins, LF0 and LF1. They should each
be bypassed to PVDD by a network consisting of a 33 nF capacitor
in series with a 750 Ω resistor, paralleled with a 1.8 nF capacitor.
The 27 MHz Master Clock oscillator should have a crystal cut for
.
S
The AD1958 has an SPI-compatible control port to permit
programming the internal control registers for the PLL and DAC.
The DAC output levels may be independently programmed
by means of an internal digital attenuator adjustable in 16384
linear steps.
an 18 pF load connected between XIN and XOUT, with 22 pF
capacitors connected from XIN and XOUT to PGND.
In Mode 1, Frequency Double affects SCLK1 always and SCLK2 in 512 ⫻ fS mode.
–6–
0 = 256 fS0 = Normal
fS1 =1 = 512 ⫻ f
NOMINAL
⫻ 2
0 = 22.5792 MHz
2
S
REV. 0
Page 7
AD1958
The SPI control port is a 3-wire serial control port. The format
is similar to the Motorola SPI format except the input data word
is 16 bits wide. Max serial bit clock frequency is 8 MHz and
may be completely asynchronous to the PLL system or the
DAC. Figure 1 shows the format of the SPI signal. Note that
the CCLK can be gated or continuous, CLATCH should be
low during the 16 active clocks.
POWER SUPPLY AND VOLTAGE REFERENCE
The AD1958 is designed for five-volt supplies. Separate power
supply pins are provided for the analog, digital, and PLL sec-
These pins should be bypassed with 100 nF ceramic
tions.
chip capacitors, as close to the pins as possible, to minimize
noise. A bulk aluminum electrolytic capacitor of at least 22 µF
should also be provided on the same PC board. For best performance it is recommended that the analog supply be separate
from the digital and PLL supply. It is recommended that all
supplies be isolated by ferrite beads in series with each supply. It
CLATCH
CCLK
CDATA
D15D14
Figure 1. Format of SPI Signal
is expected that the digital and PLL sections will be run from a
common supply but isolated from one another. It is important
that the analog supply be as clean as possible.
The internal voltage reference is brought out on Pin 21 (FILTR)
and should be bypassed as close as possible to the chip with a
parallel combination of 10 µF and 100 nF. The reference volt-
age may be used to bias external op amps to the common-mode
voltage of the analog output signal pins. The current drawn
from the FILTR pin should be limited to less than 50 µA.
SERIAL DATA PORTS—DATA FORMAT
The DAC serial data input mode defaults to I2S. By changing
Bits 4 and 5 in the DAC control register, the mode can be
changed to RJ, DSP, or LJ. The word width defaults to 24 bits
but can be changed by programming Bits 8 and 9 in the DAC
Control Register.
Figure 2 shows the serial mode formats.
D0
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
LRCLK
BCLK
SDATA
LEFT CHANNEL
MSB
LEFT CHANNEL
MSB
MSB
RIGHT-JUSTIFIED MODE—SELECT NUMBER OF BITS PER CHANNEL
MSB
NOTES
1. DSP MODE DOES NOT IDENTIFY CHANNEL.
2. LRCLK NORMALLY OPERATES AT f
3. BCLK FREQUENCY IS NORMALLY 64 LRCLK BUT MAY BE OPERATED IN BURST MODE.
LSB
LEFT-JUSTIFIED MODE—16 TO 24 BITS PER CHANNEL
2
S MODE—16 TO 24 BITS PER CHANNEL
1
LEFT CHANNEL
LSB
DSP MODE—16 TO 24 BITS PER CHANNEL
EXCEPT FOR DSP MODE WHICH IS 2 fS.
S
LSB
MSB
MSB
MSB
1/f
S
RIGHT CHANNEL
LSB
RIGHT CHANNEL
RIGHT CHANNEL
MSB
Figure 2. Stereo Serial Modes
LSBLSB
LSB
LSB
REV. 0
–7–
Page 8
AD1958
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
28-Lead Small Outline Package (SSOP)
(RS-28)
0.407 (10.34)
0.397 (10.08)
2815
PIN 1
1
0.078 (1.98)
0.068 (1.73)
0.015 (0.38)
0.008 (0.203)
0.002 (0.050)
CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS
ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE
ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN
0.0256
(0.65)
BSC
0.010 (0.25)
14
0.07 (1.79)
0.066 (1.67)
SEATING
PLANE
0.212 (5.38)
0.205 (5.21)
0.311 (7.9)
0.301 (7.64)
0.009 (0.229)
0.005 (0.127)
8ⴗ
0ⴗ
0.03 (0.762)
0.022 (0.558)
C02708–0–10/01(0)
–8–
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
REV. 0
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