Datasheet CS453GTVA5, CS453GTHA5, CS453GT5, CS452GTVA5, CS452GTHA5 Datasheet (Cherry Semiconductor)

1

Features

■

Microprocessor
Compatible Inputs

■ On-Chip Power Device

2.4A Peak, Typical CS-452

4.4A Peak, Typical CS453

■ Low Thermal Resistance

To Grounded Tab

■ 60V Peak Transient

Voltage

■ Low Saturation Voltage

■ Operates Over a 4.5V to

24V Battery Range

Package Options

5 Lead TO-220

Tab (Gnd)

1

CS452/453

2.4A/4.4A Injector Solenoid Driver

CS452/453

Description

The CS452/453 is a monolithic inte­grated circuit designed for medium
current solenoid driver applica­tions. Its typical function is to sup­ply full battery voltage to fuel injec­tor(s) for rapid current rise, in order
to produce positive injector open­ing.

When load current reaches a preset
level (2.4A for CS452, or 4.4A for
CS453), the injector driver reduces

the load current by a 4:1 ratio and
operates as a constant current
source. This condition holds the
injector open and reduces system
power dissipation.

Other solenoid or relay applications
can be equally well served by the
CS452/453. Two high impedance
inputs are provided which permit a
variety of control options and can
be driven by TTL or CMOS logic.

Typical Application Diagram

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Power Supply Voltage (VCC) .........................................................................24V

VIN..........................................................................................................-6.0 to 24V

Control ..................................................................................................-6.0 to 24V

Peak Transient Voltage (46V Load Dump)..................................................60V

Internal Regulator Current.........................................................................50mA

Junction Temperature Range....................................................-40¡C to +150¡C

Operating Temperature Range (Tab Temperature) ..............-40¡C to +125¡C

Storage Temperature Range .....................................................-65¡C to +150¡C

Lead Temperature Soldering

Wave Solder (through hole styles only)...10 sec. max, 260¡C peak

1V

IN

2 CONTROL
3 Gnd
4 OUT
5V

CC

Cherry Semiconductor Corporation

2000 South County Trail, East Greenwich, RI 02818

Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Email: [e-mail]

Web Site: www.cherry-semi.com

A Company

¨

Rev. 12/18/97

19kW

V

IN

V

IN

CONTROL

300W

V

CC

CS452/453

I

OUT

OUT

Injector

40VZ (max)

V

BAT

4.5V to 24V
(60V Transient)

1kW

Gnd

2

PACKAGE LEAD # LEAD SYMBOL FUNCTION

Electrical Characteristics:

V

BAT

= 12 VDC, TA= 25ûC, test circuit of Test Circuit diagram, unless noted

CHARACTERISTIC MIN TYP MAX UNIT

CS452/453

Test Circuit

Package Lead Description

Output Peak Current (Ipk) CS452 1.7 2.4 2.9 A

CS453 3.6 4.4 5.2 A

Output Sustaining Current (I

sus

) CS452 0.50 0.60 0.70 A

CS453 0.95 1.12 1.25 A

V

(BR)CEO(sus)

@ 1mA 42 50 V

Output Voltage in Saturated Mode

CS452 @ 1.5A 1.2 V
CS453 @ 3.0A 1.6 V

Internal Regulated Voltage (@V

CC

, Test Circuit diagram) 6.9 V

Input ÒonÓ Threshold Voltage 1.4 2.0 V
Input ÒoffÓ Threshold Voltage 0.7 1.3 V
Input ÒonÓ Current

@ V

IN

= 1.4V

DC

35 µA

@ V

IN

= 5.0V

DC

220 µA

CONTROL ÒonÓ Threshold Voltage 1.2 1.5 1.8 V
CONTROL Current

CONTROL = 0.8V

DC

-5 -50 µA

CONTROL = 5.0V

DC

1.0 µA

Input Turn On Delay (t

l

) 0.5 1.0 µs

I

pk

sense to I

sus

delay (tp)60µs

CONTROL Signal Delay (t

t

)15µs

Input Turn Off from Saturated Mode Delay (t

s

) 1.0 µs

Input Turn Off from Sustain Mode Delay (t

d

) 0.2 µs

Output Voltage Rise Time (t

v

) 0.4 µs

Output Current Fall Time (t

f

) 4.0A 0.6 1.0 µs

TO-220

1V

IN

Switches the injector driver on and off.

2 CONTROL Acts to disable OUT when high.

3 Gnd Ground connection.

4 OUT Output Drive current.

5V

CC

Supply voltage to IC. VCCis connected to V

BAT

through a series

resistor (300½ typ.)

300 W/2W

1.2

2.0
mH

5 V

p-p

250Hz
Square
Wave

High

Low

S2

S1

0-5.0 V

DC

CONTROL

CS452/453

V

IN

V

CC

Gnd

OUT

R

L

40 V/10 W

Zener

V

BAT

Injector

Load

I

3

CS452/453

Inductive actuators such as automotive electronic fuel
injectors, relays, solenoids and hammer drivers can be
powered more efficiently by providing a high current
drive until actuation (pull-in) occurs and then decreasing
the drive current to a level which will sustain actuation.
Pull-in and especially dropout times of the actuators are
also improved.

The fundamental output characteristic of the CS452/453
provides a low impedance saturated power switch until
the load current reaches a predetermined high-current
level and then changes to a current source of lower magni­tude until the device is turned off. This output characteris­tic allows the inductive load to control its actuation time
during turn-on while minimizing power and stored energy
during the sustain period, thereby promoting a fast turn­off time.

Automotive injectors at present time come in two types.
The large throttle body injectors have an inductance of
about 2.0mH and an impedance of 1.2½ and require the
CS453 driver. The smaller type, popular worldwide, have
an inductance of 4.0mH and an impedance of 2.4½ and
needs about a 2.0A pulse for good results, which can be
met with the CS452. Some designs are planned which
employ two of the smaller types in parallel. The induc­tance of the injectors are much larger at low current,
decreasing due to armature movement and core saturation
to the values above at rated current.

Operating frequencies range from 5.0Hz to 250Hz depend­ing on the injector location and engine type. Duty cycle in
some designs reaches 80%.

Figure 1. Operating Waveforms (Max. Frequency 250Hz, CONTROL

Grounded)

Circuit Description

Timing Diagrams

Input Voltage and Output Current vs. Time

4

V

IN

(Volts)

5

0

I

OUT

3

1

0

I

OUT

(Amps)

10

109876543210

CS453

2

2.4

V

IN

(Volts)

5

0

I

OUT

1.8

0.6

0

I

OUT

(Amps)

10

109876543210

CS452

1.2

Input Signal
V

IN

Load
Current

Output
Current

Output
Voltage

V

BAT

Power
Dissipation

(V

BAT

- (I

- I
V

I

pk (SENSE)

V

BAT

sus RL

V

SAT

sus RL

SAT Ipk

>1.4V

)

V

Z Ipk

VZ I

) I

0 2.0 4.0ms

I

pk

I

pk

I

sus

V

sus

sus

t

i

Z

t

t

p

d

4

CS452/453

The CS452/453 is provided with an input lead (VIN) which
turns the injector driver ÓonÒ and ÓoffÒ. This lead has a
nominal trip level of 1.4V and an input impedance of
20k½. It is internally protected against negative voltages
and is compatible with TTL and most other logic.

There is also a control lead (CONTROL) which if held low
or grounded, permits the device to operate in saturation to
I

pk(sense)

, where it will switch to I

sus

automatically. If CON­TROL is brought high (>1.5V), the output drive stage is
turned off, regardless of what state the input (VIN) is at,
and the output current goes to zero.

Figure 1 shows the operating waveforms for the simplest
mode; i.e., with CONTROL grounded. When the driver is
turned on, the current ramps up to the peak current sense
level, where some overshoot occurs because of internal
delay. The CS452/453 then reduces its output to I

sus

. The
fall time of the device is very rapid (²1.0µs), but the decay
of the load current takes 150 to 220 µs, while dumping the
load energy into the protection Zener clamp.

It is essential that the Zener voltage be lower than the
V

(BR)CEO(sus)

, but not so low as to greatly stretch the load
current decay time. Without the zener, the discharge of the
load energy would be totally into the CS452/453, which, for
the high current applications, could cause the device to fail.

Also in figure 1 is the graphically derived instantaneous
power dissipation of the CS452/453. It shows that, for
practical purposes, the worst case dissipation is less than
(I

sus

) (V

BAT

) (duty cycle).

Figure 2. Switching Waveforms (Expanded Time Scale)

Figure3. Switching Speed vs. Temperature

Figure 4. Application of CONTROL

Provided in Figures 2,3, and 4 are definitions of the
switching intervals specified in the Electrical
Characteristics. Figure 3 shows that the critical switching
parameters stay under control at elevated temperatures.

In those applications where high voltage transients may
occur while the output lead (OUT) is in the I

sus

mode,
excessive instantaneous power dissipation may occur,
causing device failure. When this condition occurs, the
control lead (CONTROL) can be used to shut off the out­put stage in order to protect the CS452/453. As long as
CONTROL is in the high state (>1.5 volts, typ.), the output
will remain off. One method of sensing the supply voltage
and controlling CONTROL is to use a resistor divider
between the supply voltage and ground with CONTROL
connected to the resistor divider (see Typical Application
diagram).

Another application option of the control lead is to use it
to accomplish an enable/disable function. Since CON­TROL is compatible with TTL and CMOS logic levels, a
logic low will enable the output, and allow it to follow the
input signal at VIN. If CONTROL is held at a logic high,
the output will be disabled regardless of the state of the
input signal.

If the control function is not being used in the application,
it must be grounded or otherwise placed in a logic low
state. If CONTROL is left open, the output stage will
remain off.

The output current in the I

sus

mode should be oscillation
free. There is a possibility that in a given application, the
output current could oscillate for a small fraction of parts.
If this was to occur, the remedy is place a capacitor from
OUT to Ground. The value of the capacitor should not
exceed 0.01µF.

Application Information

I

90%

10%

pk

0

Switching Speed (ms)

Turn

Output

Voltage

0

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

V

l

Off

Output

Current

t

s

tvt

f

1.0 2.0 3.0 ms

t

s

t

f

t

v

Input
Signal
V

IN

Control
Signal
CONTROL

Output
Current

>1.4V

>1.5V

I

I

sus

pk

t

l

0

Case Temperature (ûC)

140120100806040200-20-40

Thermal Data 5 Lead TO-220

R

QJC

typ 2.6 ¡C/W

R

QJA

typ 50 ¡C/W

CS452/453

Package Specification

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS IN mm (INCHES)

PACKAGE THERMAL DATA

5

Part Number Description

CS452GT5 5 Lead TO-220 Straight
CS452GTVA5 5 Lead TO-220 Vertical
CS452GTHA5 5 Lead TO-220 Horizontal
CS453GT5 5 Lead TO-220 Straight
CS453GTVA5 5 Lead TO-220 Vertical
CS453GTHA5 5 Lead TO-220 Horizontal

5 Lead TO-220 (Straight)

2.87 (.113)

2.62 (.103)

6.93(.273)

6.68(.263)

9.78 (.385)

10.54 (.415)

1.02(.040)

0.63(.025)

1.83(.072)

1.57(.062)

0.56 (.022)

0.36 (.014)

2.92 (.115)

2.29 (.090)

1.40 (.055)

1.14 (.045)

4.83 (.190)

4.06 (.160)

6.55 (.258)

5.94 (.234)

14.22 (.560)

13.72 (.540)

1.02 (.040)

0.76 (.030)

3.71 (.146)

3.96 (.156)

14.99 (.590)

14.22 (.560)

Ordering Information

Rev. 12/18/97

© 1999 Cherry Semiconductor Corporation

Cherry Semiconductor Corporation reserves the
right to make changes to the specifications without
notice. Please contact Cherry Semiconductor
Corporation for the latest available information.

5 Lead TO-220 (Horizontal)

0.81(.032)

1.70 (.067)

6.81(.268)

1.40 (.055)

1.14 (.045)

5.84 (.230)

6.60 (.260)

6.83 (.269)

0.56 (.022)

0.36 (.014)

10.54 (.415)

9.78 (.385)

6.55 (.258)

5.94 (.234)

3.96 (.156)

3.71 (.146)

1.68

(.066)

TYP

14.99 (.590)

14.22 (.560)

2.77 (.109)

2.29 (.090)

2.92 (.115)

4.83 (.190)

4.06 (.160)

2.87 (.113)

2.62 (.103)

5 Lead TO-220 (Vertical)

1.68
(.066) typ

1.70 (.067)

7.51 (.296)

1.78 (.070)

4.34 (.171)

0.56 (.022)

0.36 (.014)

1.40 (.055)

1.14 (.045)

4.83 (.190)

4.06 (.160)

14.99 (.590)

14.22 (.560)

2.92 (.115)

2.29 (.090)

.94 (.037)
.69 (.027)

8.64 (.340)

7.87 (.310)

6.80 (.268)

10.54 (.415)

9.78 (.385)

2.87 (.113)

2.62 (.103)

6.55 (.258)

5.94 (.234)

3.96 (.156)

3.71 (.146)