Telephone Telemetry Systems
Remote Utility Meter Reading
Security Systems
Payphones
Cable-TV Set Top Boxes
Industrial Control Systems
Electronic Cash Terminals
Vending Machines
RT
RD
XTAL/CLK
XTAL
RXRX+
RXAMPOUT
TXINTX+
TXTX
RLYDRV
Passive
Hybrid
Network
2 or 4
Wire Line
The CMX624 Bell 202 and V.23 modem provides full duplex 1200bps data signaling suitable for telephone
based information and telemetry systems where low power operation is desired. Bell 202 and V.23 signaling
delivers fast call set up times and robust, error resistant, transmission in 2 or 4 wire line circuits. A rich set of
important additional functions enhances end product value while reducing size. These include: integrated
DTMF encoder for dial out functions, single tone encoder for ‘melody’ generation, answer tone
generator/detector, line reversal and ring detector for ‘waking’ up a sleeping µC, adjustable Tx and Rx gain,
and a low impedance pull down output for hook relay control. The addition of the answer tone
generator/detector and call progress tone detector makes the set-up of a telephone call much easier for the
host µC to accomplish.
Very low power telemetry and data collection applications are supported by the CMX624’s ‘Zero Power’
standby mode in which the device will detect telephone line ringing voltage or line voltage reversal events.
Pin compatible with the CMX644A Bell212A / V.22 modem, the CMX624 is available in the following
packages: 24-pin SSOP (CMX624D5), 24-pin SOIC (CMX624D2), and 24-pin PDIP (CMX624P4).
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Page 4
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem4CMX624 Preliminary Information
2 Signal List
Pin No.NameTypeDescription
1
XTAL
2XTAL/CLOCKinput
3
SERIAL
CLOCK
4COMMAND
DATA
5REPLY
DATA
6
7
CS
IRQ
8TXoutputThe Tx analog signal output.
9TX+outputThe output of the line driving amplifier.
10TXIN-inputThe inverting input to the line driver amplifier.
11TX-outputThe inverted output of the line driving amplifier.
12V
13V
SS
BIAS
14RLYDRVoutput
15RX+inputThe non-inverting input to the Rx input amplifier.
16RX-inputThe inverting input to the Rx input amplifier.
17RXAMPOUToutputThe output of the Rx input amplifier.
18RTbi-directional
19RDinputSchmitt trigger input to the Ring Signal Detector.
20NCNo connection should be made to this pin.
21NCNo connection should be made to this pin.
22NCNo connection should be made to this pin if the printed circuit
23inputNo connection should be made to this pin if the printed circuit
24V
DD
outputThe output of the on-chip Xtal oscillator inverter.
The input to the oscillator inverter from the Xtal circuit or
external clock source.
input
input
tri-state
The serial interface clock input from the µC. See Section 4.1
The serial interface data input from the µC.
A 3-state serial interface data output to the µC. This output is
high impedance when not sending data to the µC.
input
output
The serial interface transfer control input provided by the µC.
A ‘wire-ORable’ output for connection to a µC Interrupt Request
input. This output is pulled down to V
when active and is high
SS
impedance when inactive. An external pull-up resistor is
required.
PowerThe negative supply rail (ground).
output
Internally generated bias voltage of V
device is in ‘Zero Power’ mode when V
V
. Should be bypassed to VSS by a capacitor mounted close
SS
/2, except when the
DD
will discharge to
BIAS
to the device pins.
Relay drive open drain output. This output is pulled down to
V
when active and is high impedance when inactive.
SS
This pin is Bi-directional. An open drain output and Schmitt
trigger input forming part of the Ring Signal detector.
board is to be used for the CMX624 only. If the board is to be
used for the CMX644A, a capacitor should be connected as
shown in Figure 2.
board is to be used for the CMX624 only. If the board is to be
used for the CMX644A, a capacitor should be connected as
shown in Figure 2.
PowerThe positive supply rail. Levels and thresholds within the device
are proportional to this voltage. Should be bypassed to V
SS
by
a capacitor mounted close to the device pins.
Note:This device is capable of detecting and decoding small amplitude signals. To achieve this V
V
should be bypassed. It is very important to protect the receive path from extraneous in-band
BIAS
DD
and
signals. It is recommended that the printed circuit board be laid out with a ground plane in the
CMX624 area to provide a low impedance connection between the V
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Page 5
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem5CMX624 Preliminary Information
3 External Components
C1
V
DD
C5
RD
RT
RXAMPOUT
RX-
RX+
RLYDRV
V
BIAS
C4
C3
To/fro m Ring
Detector.
See 5.2
Rx Line
Interface.
See 5.1
Relay Drive.
See 5.1
V
DD
R1
C2
C-BUS
to/from
µC
Tx Line
Interface.
See 5.1
X1
XTAL/CLOCK
SERIAL CLOCK
COMMAND DATA
REPLY DATA
XTAL
CS
IRQ
TX
TX+
TXIN-
TX-
V
SS
1
2
3
4
5
6
CMX624
7
D5/D2/P4
8
9
10
11
12
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
Figure 2: Recommended External Components
R1
C1, C218pF
C3, C4
C5Note 1
X1Note 23.579545MHz
Tolerances for Resistors and Capacitors are as indicated unless otherwise stated.
Table 1: Recommended External Components
Notes:
1. This component is only required for compatibility with CMX644A, see CMX644A Data Bulletin for
additional details.
2. For best results, a crystal oscillator design should drive the clock inverter input with signal levels of at
least 40% of V
crystal oscillator design assistance, please consult you crystal manufacturer.
, peak to peak. Tuning fork crystals generally cannot meet this requirement. To obtain
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Page 6
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem6CMX624 Preliminary Information
4 General Description
The CMX624 contains a Bell 202 and V.23 compatible FSK modem. This device is capable of duplex
operation at 1200/75bps or 1200/150bps over a 2-wire line interface. It is also capable of 1200/1200bps over
a 4-wire line interface. This device also contains a flexible FSK data UART, a receive FSK or Call Progress
Tone energy detector, a 2100Hz detector, a DTMF generator, a Tx line driving buffer amplifier, a telephone
line Ringing Signal or Line Voltage Reversal detector and a 3.579545MHz Xtal oscillator. These functions are
controlled via a serial interface to the µC, which also carries the transmit and receive FSK modem data.
4.1 ‘C-BUS’ Serial Interface
This block provides for the transfer of data and control or status information between the CMX624’s internal
registers and the µC over the serial interface bus. Each ‘C-BUS’ transaction consists of a single Register
Address byte sent from the µC, as illustrated in Figure 3, which may be followed by either of:
1. A single data byte sent from the µC to be written into one of the CMX624’s Write Only Registers, as
illustrated in Figure 4.
2. A single byte of data read out from one of the CMX624’s Read Only Registers, as illustrated in Figure 5.
Data sent from the µC on the Command Data line is clocked into the CMX624 on the rising edge of the Serial
Clock input. Reply Data sent from the CMX624 to the µC is valid when the Serial Clock is high. The interface
is compatible with the most common µC serial interfaces such as SCI, SPI and Microwire, and may also be
easily implemented with general purpose µC I/O pins controlled by a simple software routine. See Figure 16
for detailed Serial Bus timing requirements.
CS
SERIAL CLOCK
COMMAND DATA
REPLY DATA
654
7
Address (01 Hex = Reset)
Hi-Z
321
0
Note:
The SERIAL CLOCK
line may be high or low at
the start and end of each
transaction.
= Level not important
Figure 3: Serial Bus Transaction (Single byte from µC)
CS
SERIAL CLOCK
COMMAND DATA
REPLY DATA
Hi-Z
654
7
Address
321
0
654
7
Data to CMX 6 2 4
321
0
Figure 4: Serial Bus Transactions (One Address and one Data byte from µC)
CS
SERIAL CLOCK
COMMAND DATA
REPLY DATA
Hi-Z
654
7
Address
321
0
654
7
Data from CMX624
321
0
Figure 5: Serial Bus Transactions (One Address byte from µC and one Reply byte from CMX624A)
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Page 7
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem7CMX624 Preliminary Information
4.2 Software Description
Command Data Byte Bits
AddrReg.76543210
$01RESET
$E0SETUP
$E1TX
TONES
$E3TX DATA
$E7FSK
MODE
$EE
IRQ
MASK
FSK mode:
0 = V.23
1 = Bell 202
Tx Mode:
0 = FSK.
1 = Tones.
D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0
0 = Rx Sync
1 = Async
Reserved,
Set to 0
TX- output:
0 = Off
1 = On
Tone or
FSK output:
0 = Off.
1 = On.
Rx Equal:
0 = Off
1 = On
Reserved,
Set to 0
Relay Drive:
0 = o/c
1 = Pull low
Reserved,
set to 0
0 = Rx Call
Progress
1 = Rx FSK
Ring Detect
Change
Table 2: Write Only Serial Bus Register
AddrReg.76543210
$EARX DATA
$EFFLAGS
** See note 2 and 3
D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0
Bad Rx
Parity
Ring Detect
Ring Detect
Change **
SINGLE BYTE COMMAND
0 = Zero
Power
1 = Normal
0 = DTMF
1 = Single
tone
0 = Rx 75 /
150bps
1 = RX1200
Reserved,
Set to 0
Stop bits:
0 = 1 bit
1 = 2 bits
Reserved,
set to 0
0 = Tx Sync
1 = Async
Rx Data
overflow
Reply Data Byte Bits
Rx Energy
or 2100Hz
detect.
Rx Data
overflow **
Parity:
0 = None
1 = Parity
Reserved,
set to 0
Tx output
level:
0 = Normal
1 = +3dB
Rx Data
ready
Rx Data
ready **
Parity:
0 = Odd
1 = Even
Reserved,
set to 0
FSK
Enable:
0 = Off
1 = On
(Tx & Rx)
Tx Data
underflow
Tx Data
underflow **
Data bits:
0 = 8 bits
1 = 7 bits
Set Detect:
0 = FSK/CP
1 = 2100Hz
0 = Tx 75 /
150bps
1 = 1200 or
DTMF
Tx Data
ready
Tx Data
ready **
Table 3: Read Only Serial Bus Registers
Notes:
1. Accessing the RESET Register over the Serial Bus clears all of the bits in the SETUP, TX TONES, TX
DATA, FSK MODE and IRQ MASK registers, and Bits 0-3 and Bit 5 of the FLAGS Register to ‘0’. This
will set the device into Zero Power mode.
a) This is a single-byte Serial Bus transaction consisting solely of the address byte value $01.
b) Placing the device in Zero Power mode by directly setting SETUP Bit 4 to ‘0’ does not clear the other
register bits. Care should be taken before re-enabling the device that the other bits are set so as to
prevent undesired transient operation. In particular, bit 6 of the TXTONES Register should be set to
‘0’ to prevent modulation of the transmitter output.
2. If any of Bits 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 of the FLAGS Register is ‘1’ and the corresponding bit of the IRQ MASK
Register is also ‘1’ then the
output of the CMX624 will be pulled low.
IRQ
3. Bit 5 (Ring Detect Change) of the FLAGS Register is set on every ‘0’ to ‘1’ or ‘1’ to ‘0’ change of Bit 6
(Ring Detect).
4. Clearing Bit 4 of the SETUP Register puts the CMX624 into the Zero Power mode by turning off all blocks
except for the Serial Bus interface and Ring Detector circuit.
5. Reading the FLAGS Register clears the
output and also clears Bits 0, 1, 2, 3 and 5 of the FLAGS
IRQ
Register.
6. FLAGS Register (bit 4) is ‘1’ whenever Rx Energy or 2100Hz are present and ‘0’ when both signals are
absent. IRQ Mask Register (bit 40 is normally set to ‘0’, but can be set to ‘1’ to enable interrupts on the
output. In the latter case,
IRQ
will be continuously pulled to ’0’ while Rx Energy or 2100Hz are
IRQ
present. This may be useful for device evaluation purposes.
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Page 8
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem8CMX624 Preliminary Information
4.3 Xtal Oscillator
The frequency and timing accuracy of the CMX624 is determined by a 3.579545MHz clock signal input to the
XTAL/CLOCK pin. This may be generated by the on-chip oscillator inverter using the external components
C1, C2 and X1 or may be supplied from an external source to the XTAL/CLOCK input. See Figure 2. If the
clock is supplied from an external source, components C1, C2, and X1 should not be fitted.
The on-chip oscillator is disabled in the 'Zero-Power' mode.
If the clock is provided by an external source, which may not always be running, then the 'Zero-Power' mode
must be enabled when the clock is not available. Failure to observe this rule may cause an increase in the
supply current consumption by the CMX624.
4.4 Rx Input Amplifier
The Rx Input Amplifier, with suitable external components, is used to adjust the received signal to the correct
amplitude for the FSK receiver and Energy Detect circuits and may also form part of a 2-wire or 4-wire hybrid
circuit. See Section 5.1.
4.5 Receive Filter
This block includes a bandpass filter whose characteristics are set by Bits 4 and 5 of the FSK MODE Register
according to the receive operating mode (Call Progress, 75/150bps FSK or 1200bps FSK). It is used to
attenuate out of band noise and interfering signals; especially the locally generated transmit FSK signal that
could otherwise interfere with the received FSK signal when the modem is operating in 2-wire duplex mode.
4.6 Equalizer
When receiving 1200bps FSK data an optional equalizer section can be enabled by setting Bit 6 of the FSK
MODE Register, compensates for one-half of the ETS Test Line 1 characteristics shown in Figure 6.
5
4
3
dB
ms
2
1
0
05001000150020002500300035004000
Hz
Figure 6: ETS 300 114 Test Line 1 Characteristics (Normalized)
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Page 9
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem9CMX624 Preliminary Information
4.7 FSK Demodulator
The FSK Demodulator block is enabled when Bit 1 and Bit 5 of the FSK MODE Register are set to ‘1’. It
converts the 75bps, 150bps or 1200bps FSK input signal to a binary received data signal which is sent to the
Rx UART block.
Note: In the absence of a valid FSK signal, the demodulator may falsely interpret speech or other
extraneous signals as data.
FSK mode Register $E7TX Tone Register $E1
Bit 5Bit 4Bit 0RX MODE
110RX FSK data at 1200 baud
100Rx FSK data at 75/150 baud
0X0RX Call progress Tones Detect
111RX 2100Hz tone detect
Note: Other states are not defined and may result in unpredictable behavior
Table 4: Receive Mode
0
dB
-10
1200bps
-20
75/150 bps
Call Progress
-30
-40
100100010000
Hz
Figure 7 Rx Frequency Responses with Line Interface
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Page 10
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem10CMX624 Preliminary Information
4.8 Rx Energy and 2100Hz Detector
The Rx Energy and 2100Hz Detector functional blocks are controlled by Bit 4 and Bit 5 of the FSK MODE
Register and Bit 0 of the TX TONES Register.
This block will measure the frequency and amplitude of the incoming signal when Bit 0 of the TX TONES
Register and Bit 4 and Bit 5 of the FSK MODE Register are set to ‘1’. When a signal of 2100Hz is present
and of sufficient amplitude and time, Bit 4 of the FLAGS Register is set high. See Section 6.1 for amplitude,
time and frequency limits.
When Bit 0 of the TX TONES Register is set to ‘0’, this block compares the signal level at the output of the
Receive Filter against an internal threshold. This may be used as a FSK level detector or a simple Call
Progress Signal detector, according to the settings of Bit 4 and Bit 5 of the FSK MODE Register, which affect
the Receive Filter pass band as described in Section 4.5.
The required register settings are summarized in Table 5.
Bit 4 of the FLAGS Register is set to ‘1’ by the output of this block when the received level has exceeded the
threshold for sufficient time. Amplitude and time hysteresis, are used to reduce chattering in marginal
conditions. See Section 6.1.
Received
Line Signal
B4 of FLAGS
Register
Te
FSK or Call Progress Signal
ON
Te
OFF
Figure 8: Rx Energy Detector Timing
4.9 FSK / DTMF Modulator
When Bit 7 of the TX TONES Register is set to ‘0’ then the FSK/DTMF Modulator generates FSK signals as
determined by Bit 0 and Bit 1 of the FSK MODE Register and the Tx data bits from the UART block as shown
in Table 6 and Table 7.
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Page 11
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem11CMX624 Preliminary Information
4.9.2 Bell 202 mode (Bit 7 of SETUP register = ‘1’):
FSK MODE
FSK / DTMF Modulator block outputFSK Signal Frequency
Reg
Bit 1Bit 0(Bit 7 of TX TONES = ‘0’)‘0’ (Space)‘1’ (Mark)
0xDisabled (output held at VDD/2)
10150bps FSK487Hz387Hz
111200bps FSK2200Hz1200Hz
Table 7: Bell 202 mode (Bit 7 of SETUP register = ‘1’)
When Bit 7 of the TX TONES Register is set to ‘1’, the block generates DTMF tone pairs or single tones from
the DTMF range as shown in Table 8. Bit 6 of the TX TONES Register is then used to enable or disable the
block’s output to the Tx filter.
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Page 12
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem12CMX624 Preliminary Information
4.10 Transmit Filter
This stage attenuates out of band signals present at the output of the FSK/DTMF modulator and also includes
a programmable 3dB level switch, selected by Bit 2 of the FSK MODE Register.
The nominal output levels at the TX pin when V
= 5.0V are as shown below.
DD
FSK MODE
Register Bit 2
FSK SignalDTMF Tone
(Low group)
DTMF Tone
(High group)
0 (low level)-6dB-5dB-3dB
1 (high level)-3dB-2dB0dB
0dB = 775mV
RMS
Table 9: Transmit Filter
These levels are proportional to V
, and the actual transmit signal levels present on the 2- or 4-wire line will
DD
depend on the external circuitry as described in Section 5.1. Using the external components recommended in
Section 5.1 for a nominal FSK transmit level of -9dBm, DTMF tone levels of -8dBm and -6dBm, then the out
of band energy sent to the line will be within the limits shown in Figure 9 for both FSK and DTMF signals.
0
-10
-20
-30
dBm
-40
-50
Bell 202
V23
-60
-70
10100100010000100000
Hz
Figure 9: Maximum Out of Band Tx Line Energy Limits
4.11 Transmit Output Buffer
This buffer amplifier, connected to the TXIN-, TX+ and TX- pins, is intended for use as a Tx line driver as
shown in
Section 5.1. Two symmetrical outputs are provided for use with a balanced load to give sufficient Tx line
signal levels even at low
. If this is not required the TX- output can be disabled.
V
DD
If the buffer is used as a balanced line driver, then Bit 6 of the SETUP Register should be set to ‘1’ (TXoutput enabled). Setting Bit 6 to ‘0’ disables the TX- output and the buffer draws less current from the supply.
When Bit 6 is set to '0' the TX- pin should be left open circuit. N.B. The TX+ output is unaffected by this Bit.
4.12 Ring Signal Detector
This block, which functions even in Zero Power mode, can be used to detect a telephone line Ring Signal or
Line Voltage Reversal and then generate a Interrupt Request signal to wake up the µC at the start of a call.
Suitable interface circuits are shown in Section 5.2.
The output of this block is the ‘Ring Detect’ line shown in Figure 1, which directly drives Bit 6 of the FLAGS
Register. Any ‘0’ to ‘1’ or ‘1’ to ‘0’ change on this line will also set the Ring Detect Change Bit (5) of the
FLAGS Register.
If this block is not used, then the RD and RT pins should be connected to V
Change Bit (5) of the IRQ MASK Register set to ‘0’.
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Page 13
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem13CMX624 Preliminary Information
4.13 Tx/Rx UART
This block connects the µC, via the Serial Bus interface, to the received data from the FSK Demodulator and
to the transmit data input to the FSK Modulator.
As part of this function, the block can be programmed to convert data to be transmitted from 7 or 8-Bit bytes
to asynchronous data characters, adding Start and Stop bits and - optionally - a parity bit to the data before
passing it to the FSK Modulator. Similarly, in the receive direction it can extract data bits from asynchronous
characters coming from the FSK Demodulator, stripping off the Start and Stop bits and performing an optional
Parity check on the received data before passing the result over the Serial Bus to the µC. Bits 0-3 of the
SETUP Register control the number of Stop and Data bits and the Parity options for both receive and transmit
directions.
Data to be transmitted should be loaded by the µC into the TX DATA Register when the Tx Data Ready bit
(Bit 0) of the FLAGS Register goes high. It will then be treated by the Tx UART block in one of two ways,
depending on the setting of Bit 3 of the FSK MODE Register:
1. If the bit is ‘0’ (‘Tx Sync’ mode) then the 8 bits from the TX DATA Register will be transmitted sequentially
at 75bps, 150bps, or 1200bps, LSB (D0) first.
2. If Bit 3 of the FSK MODE Register is ‘1’ (‘Tx Async’) then bits will be transmitted as asynchronous data
characters at 75bps, 150bps, or 1200bps according to the following format:
A. One Start bit (Space).
B. 7 or 8 Data bits from the TX DATA Register (D0-D6 or D0-D7) as determined by Bit 0 of the
SETUP Register. LSB (D0) transmitted first.
C. Optional Parity bit (even or odd parity) as determined by Bits 1 and 2 of the SETUP Register.
D. One or Two Stop bits (Mark) as determined by Bit 3 of the SETUP Register.
In both cases data will only be transmitted if Bit 1 of the FSK MODE Register is set to ‘1’.
Failure to load the TX DATA Register with a new value when required will result in Bit 1 (Tx Data Underflow)
of the FLAGS Register being set to ‘1’ and if the ‘Tx Async’ mode of operation had been selected then a
continuous Mark (‘1’) signal will then be transmitted until a new value is loaded into TX DATA, whereas in ‘Tx
Sync’ mode the byte already in the TX DATA Register will be re-transmitted.
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Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem14CMX624 Preliminary Information
Received data from the FSK Demodulator goes into the receive part of the UART block, where it is handled in
one of two ways depending on the setting of Bit 7 of the FSK MODE Register:
1. If the bit is ‘0’ (‘Rx Sync’ mode) then the receive part of the UART block will simply take 8 consecutive bits
from the Demodulator and transfer them to the RX DATA Register (the first bit going into the D0 position).
Note:This mode is intended for detection of simple data patterns such as ‘1010…’ or continuous Mark
or Space signals, the CMX624’s receive data clock extraction circuits are not adequate to support
a true synchronous receive data mode of operation.
2. If Bit 7 of the FSK MODE Register is ‘1’ (‘ Rx Async’) then the received data output of the FSK
Demodulator is treated as 75, 150 or 1200bps asynchronous characters each comprising:
A. A Start bit (Space).
B. 7 or 8 Data bits as determined by Bit 0 of the SETUP Register. These bits will be placed into the
RX DATA Register with the first bit received going into the D0 position.
C. An optional Parity bit as determined by Bits 1 and 2 of the SETUP Register. If Parity is enabled
(Bit 2 of the SETUP Register = ‘1’) then Bit 7 of the FLAGS Register will be set to ‘1’ if the
received parity is incorrect.
D. At least one Stop bit (Mark).
Bit 2 (Rx Data Ready) of the FLAGS Register will be set to ‘1’ every time a new received value is loaded into
the RX DATA Register. If the previous contents of the RX DATA Register had not been read out over the
Serial Bus before the new value is loaded from the UART then Bit 3 (Rx Data Overflow) of the FLAGS
Register will also be set to ‘1’.
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Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem15CMX624 Preliminary Information
5 Application Notes
5.1 Line Interface
A line interface circuit is needed to provide DC isolation between the modem and the line, to perform line
impedance termination, and to set the correct transmit and receive signal levels.
5.1.1 4-Wire Line Interface
Figure 12 shows an interface circuit for use with a 600Ω 4-wire line. The line terminations are provided by
R10 and R15, while R11 and R13 should be selected to give the desired transmit and receive levels.
5.1.1.1 Receive Gain
The gain of the receive input amplifier (R12 / R11) should be set to compensate for the loss of the input
transformer and the supply voltage.
Assuming a transformer loss of about 1dB, R11 should be 91kΩ at V
RXAMPOUT
= 5.0V, or 130kΩ at 3.3V.
DD
4-Wire
Line
Rx
Tx
1:1
1:1
A
C10
R10
R12
R11
V
R13
R14
R15
BIAS
C13
C11
RX-
RX+
TX
TXIN-
C12
TX+
TX-
-
+
CMX624
-
+
V
BIAS
-
+
V
BIAS
Figure 12: 4-Wire Line Interface Circuit
R10
Ω±
600
R11See text
R12
100k
Ω±
R13See text
R14
100k
Ω±
±
±
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
R15
Ω±
600
C10100nF
C11220pF
C12330pF
C13100nF
±
20%
±
20%
±
20%
±
20%
1%
Tolerances for Resistors and Capacitors are as indicated unless otherwise stated.
Table 10: 4-Wire Line Interface Circuit components
Note: The relay circuit, AC and DC loads and line protection are not shown for clarity.
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Page 16
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem16CMX624 Preliminary Information
g
g
5.1.1.2 Transmit Gain
In the transmit direction, the level on the 4-wire line is determined by the level at the TX pin, the gain of the
Output Buffer Amplifier, a loss of nominally 6dB due to the line termination resistor R15, and the loss in the
transformer.
The TX pin signal level is proportional to V
and is also affected by the setting of the Tx output level control
DD
Bit (Bit 2) of the FSK Mode Register.
Assuming that the Tx output level control bit is set to ‘1’ (giving a FSK signal level of -3dB with respect to
775mV
at the TX pin when VDD = 5.0V) and that there is 1dB loss in the transformer, then:
RMS
14R2
()
20163 level line rewi fourFSK Tx
lo
×+−−−=
×
13R
20
lo
×+
1010
V
DD
dBm
0.5
For example, to generate a nominal Tx FSK line level of -9dBm, R13 should be 180kΩ when V
= 5.0V,
DD
falling to 120kΩ at 3.3V.
5.1.2 2-Wire Line Interface
Figure 13 shows an interface circuit suitable for connection to a 600Ω 2-wire line. The circuit also shows how
a relay may be driven from the RLYDRV pin.
Note: When the CMX624 is powered from less than 5.0V, buffer circuitry may be required to drive a 5V
relay.
RXAMPOUT
C11
RXRX+
RLYDRV
C14
TX
R13
TXIN-
C12
TX+
TX-
-
+
CMX624
-
+
V
BIAS
-
+
V
BIAS
2-Wire
Line
To Ring
Detect
Circuit
See 5.2
+ve
1:1
R16
R15
R12
R11
R17
C13
R14
Figure 13: 2-Wire Line Interface Circuit
R11See text
R12
Ω±
100k
R13See text
R14
R15
R16
Ω±
100k
Ω±
600
Ω±
120k
±
±
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
R17
100k
C11220pF
C12330pF
C1310nF
C14100nF
Ω±
±
20%
±
20%
±
20%
±
20%
1%
Tolerances for Resistors and Capacitors are as indicated unless otherwise stated.
Table 11: 2-Wire Line Interface Circuit components
Note: The relay circuit, AC and DC loads and line protection are not shown for clarity.
This circuit includes a 2-wire to 4-wire hybrid circuit, formed by R11, R15, R16, R17, C13 and the impedance
of the line itself, which ensures that the modem receive input and transmit output paths are both coupled
efficiently to the line, while minimizing coupling from the modem’s transmit signal into the receive input.
The values of R11 and R13 should be calculated in the same way as for the 4-wire interface circuit of
Figure 12.
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Page 17
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem17CMX624 Preliminary Information
5.2 Ring Detector Interface
Figure 14 shows how the CMX624 may be used to detect large amplitude Ringing signals received at the
start of an incoming telephone call.
The ring signal is applied at the subscriber's exchange as an AC voltage inserted in series with one of the
telephone wires and will pass through either C20 and R20 or C21 and R21 to appear at the top end of R22 in
a rectified and attenuated form. See point X in Figure 14.
The signal at point X is further attenuated by the R22 and R23 divider before being applied to the RD input. If
the amplitude of the signal appearing at RD is greater than the input threshold (Vt
the transistor (Q1) connected to RT will be turned on, pulling the voltage at RT to V
external capacitor C22. The output of the Schmitt trigger 'B' will then go high, setting bit 6 (Ring Detect) of the
FLAGS register.
The minimum amplitude ringing signal that is certain to be detected is found by the following calculation:
) of Schmitt trigger 'A' then
HI
by discharging the
SS
where Vt
[]
HI
+
7.0
is the high-going threshold voltage of the Schmitt trigger A. See Figure 15 and Section 6.1.3.
HI
++×
23R22R20RVt
23R
=×
VSignal Ring .MinV707.0
RMSRMS
With R20-22 at 470kΩ as shown Figure 14, then setting R23 to 68kΩ will guarantee detection of ringing
signals of 40V
2-Wire
Telephone
and above for VDD over the range 3.0 to 5.5V.
RMS
C20
R20
X
R22
D1 - 4
RD
CMX624
A
Q1
B
To FLAGS
register
Line
R23
R21
C22
RT
R24C21
V
DD
Ring signal
Bridge rectifier output (X)
RT
Vt
HI
V
SS
Vt
HI
V
SS
FLAGS register bit 6
(RING DETECT)
FLAGS register bit 5
(RING DETECT Change)
Figure 14: Ring Signal Detector Interface Circuit
R20,21,22
R23See text
R24Note 1
Ω±
470k
Ω±
470k
±
1%
1%
1%
Tolerances for Resistors and Capacitors are as indicated unless otherwise stated.
Table 12: Ring Signal Detector Interface Circuit components
4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USAAll trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies.
C20,21
C22Note 1
0.1µF
0.33µF
D1-41N4004
±
20%
±
20%
±
20%
Page 18
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem18CMX624 Preliminary Information
Note:
1. If the time constant of R24 and C22 is large enough then the voltage on RT will remain below the
threshold of the 'B' Schmitt trigger for the duration of a ring cycle.
The time for the voltage on RT to charge from V
=
towards VDD can be derived from the formula:
SS
t
−
DDRT
22xC24R
e-1VV
As the Schmitt trigger high-going input threshold voltage (VtHI) has a minimum value of 0.56 x VDD, then
the Schmitt trigger B output will remain high for a time of at least 0.821 x R24 x C22 following a pulse at
RD.
The values of R24 and C22 given in Figure 14 (470kΩ and 0.33µF) give a minimum RT charge time of
100ms, which is adequate for ring frequencies of 10Hz or above.
Note: The circuit will also respond to a telephone line voltage reversal. If necessary the µC can distinguish
between a Ring signal and a line voltage reversal by measuring the time that bit 6 of the FLAGS
register (Ring Detect) is high.
1. At 25°C, not including any current drawn from the CMX624 pins by external circuitry other than X1, C1,
and C2.
2. All logic inputs at V
except for RT and CS inputs, which are at VDD.
SS
3. Excluding RD, RT and XTAL/CLOCK pins.
4. At V
5. For each of the TX- (if enabled) and TX+ pins, load between pin and V
6. Measured at the Rx Input Amplifier output (pin RXAMPOUT) for V
= 5.0V, Tx output level control bit set to ‘1’; load resistance greater than 40kΩ.
DD
/2.
DD
= 5.0V.
DD
The internal threshold levels are proportional to VDD. To cater for other supply voltages or different signal
level ranges the voltage gain of the Rx Input Amplifier should be adjusted by selecting the appropriate
external components as described in Section 5.1.
7. Flat noise in 300-3400 Hz band for V.23, 200-3400 Hz for Bell 202.
8. Set by Rx UART and Xtal frequency.
9. 2100Hz detection requires a signal within the amplitude range given in Section 4.5.
10. Measured with 1300Hz signal in 1200bps mode, 390Hz for 75bps or 150bps and Call Progress mode,
signal level -33dBm for time delay measurements.
11. Timing for an external input to the XTAL/CLOCK pin.
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Page 24
Bell 202 and V.23 Compatible Modem24CMX624 Preliminary Information
6.1.4 Timing
Serial Bus TimingsDescriptionNotesMin.Typ.Max.Unit
t
CSE
t
CSH
t
LOZ
t
HIZ
t
CSOFF
t
NXT
t
CK
t
CH
t
CL
t
CDS
t
CDH
t
RDS
t
RDH
-Enable to Clock-High time
CS
Last Clock-High to CS-High time
Clock-Low to Reply Output enable time0.0ns
-High to Reply Output 3-state time
CS
-High Time between transactions
CS
Inter-Byte Time200ns
Clock-Cycle time200ns
Serial Clock-High time100ns
Serial Clock-Low time100ns
Command Data Set-Up time75ns
Command Data Hold time25ns
Reply Data Set-Up time75ns
Reply Data Hold time0ns
100ns
100ns
1.0µs
1.0µs
Note: These timings are for the latest version of the Serial Bus as embodied in the CMX624, and allow