– 133 Powerfu l Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
– 32 x 8 General Purpose Workin g Registers + Peripheral Control Registers
– Fully Static Operation
– Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz
– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
• High Endurance Non-volatile Memory segmen ts
– 128K Bytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory
– 4K Bytes EEPROM
– 4K Bytes Internal SRAM
– Write/Erase cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM
– Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C
– Optional Boot Code Section with Ind ependent Lock Bits
In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program
True Read-Whi le-W rite Operati on
– Up to 64K Bytes Optional External Memory Space
– Programming Lock for Software Security
– SPI Interface for In-System Programming
• JTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 Compliant) Interface
– Boundary-scan Capabilities According to the JTAG Standard
– Extensive On-chip Debug Support
– Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses and Lock Bits through the JTAG Interface
• Peripheral Features
– Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalers and Compare Modes
– Two Expanded 16-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, Comp are Mode and
Capture Mode
– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
– Two 8-bit PWM Channels
– 6 PWM Channels with Programmable Resolution from 2 to 16 Bits
– Output Compare Modulator
– 8-channel, 10-bit ADC
8 Single-ended Channels
7 Differential Channels
2 Differential Channels with Programmable Gain at 1x, 10x, or 200x
– Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface
– Dual Programmable Serial USARTs
– Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with On-chip Oscillator
– On-chip Analog Comparator
• Special Microcontrolle r Features
– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
– Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator
– External and Internal Interrupt Sources
– Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby, and
Extended Standby
– Software Selectable Clock Frequency
– ATmega103 Compatibility Mode Selected by a Fuse
– Global Pull-up Disable
Note:The Pinout figure applies to both TQFP and MLF packages. The bottom pad under the QFN/MLF
package should be soldered to ground.
XTAL1
(SCL/INT0) PD0
(SDA/INT1) PD1
(RXD1/INT2) PD2
(T1) PD6
(ICP1) PD4
(TXD1/INT3) PD3
(T2) PD7
(XCK1) PD5
OverviewThe ATmega128 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC
architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmeg a128
achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize
power consumption versus processing speed.
2
ATmega128
2467RS–AVR–06/08
Page 3
Block Diagram
Figure 2. Block Diagram
ATmega128
VCC
GND
AVCC
AGND
AREF
PEN
DATA REGISTER
JTAG TAP
ON-CHIP DEBUG
BOUNDARY-
SCAN
PROGRAMMING
LOGIC
PORTF DRIVERS
PORTF
DATA DIR.
REG. PORTF
ADC
PROGRAM
COUNTER
PROGRAM
FLASH
INSTRUCTION
REGISTER
INSTRUCTION
DECODER
DATA REGISTER
PORTA
STACK
POINTER
SRAM
GENERAL
PURPOSE
REGISTERS
X
Y
Z
PA0 - PA7PF0 - PF7
PORTA DRIVERS
DATA DIR.
REG. PORTA
8-BIT DATA BUS
INTERNAL
OSCILLATOR
WATCHDOG
TIMER
MCU CONTROL
REGISTER
TIMER/
COUNTERS
INTERRUPT
UNIT
PORTC DRIVERS
DATA REGISTER
PORTC
CALIB. OSC
OSCILLATOR
OSCILLATOR
TIMING AND
CONTROL
PC0 - PC7
DATA DIR.
REG. PORTC
XTAL1
XTAL2
RESET
ANALOG
COMPARATOR
DATA REGISTER
+
-
USART0
PORTE
CONTROL
LINES
DATA DIR.
REG. PORTE
PORTE DRIVERS
ALU
STATUS
REGISTER
DATA REGISTER
PORTB
PORTB DRIVERS
PB0 - PB7PE0 - PE7
DATA DIR.
REG. PORTB
EEPROM
SPI
DATA REGISTER
PORTD
PORTD DRIVERS
PD0 - PD7
USART1
DATA DIR.
REG. PORTD
TWO-WIRE SERIAL
INTERFACE
DATA REG.
PORTG
DATA DIR.
REG. PORTG
PORTG DRIVERS
PG0 - PG4
2467RS–AVR–06/08
3
Page 4
The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the
32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent
registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting
architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers.
The ATmega128 provides the following features: 128K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash
with Read-While-Write capabilities, 4K bytes EEPROM, 4K bytes SRAM, 53 general purpose I/O
lines, 32 general purpose working registers, Real Time Counter ( RTC), four flexible
Timer/Counters with compare modes and PWM, 2 USARTs, a byte oriented Two-wire Serial
Interface, an 8-channel, 10-bit ADC with optional differential input stage with programmable
gain, programmable Watchdog Timer with Internal Oscillator, an SPI serial port, IEEE std.
1149.1 compliant JTAG test interface, also used for accessing the On-chip Deb ug system and
programming and six software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU
while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the register contents but freezes the Oscillator, disabling all
other chip functions until the next interrupt or Hardware Reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous timer continues to run, allowing the user to maintain a timer base while the rest of the
device is sleeping. The ADC Noise Reduction mode stops the CPU and all I/O modules except
Asynchronous Timer and ADC, to minimize switchin g noise during ADC co nversions. In St andby
mode, the Crystal/Resonator Oscillator is running while the rest of the device is sleeping. This
allows very fast start-up combined with low power consumption. In Extended Standby mode,
both the main Oscillator and the Asynchronous Timer continue to run.
The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology. The Onchip ISP Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system through an SPI serial
interface, by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer, or by an On-chip Boot program
running on the AVR core. The boot program can use any interface to download the application
program in the application Flash memory. Software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run
while the Application Flash section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By
combining an 8-bit RISC CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip,
the Atmel ATmega128 is a powerful microcontroller that pro vides a highly flexible and co st effective solution to many embedded control applications.
ATmega103 and
ATmega128
Compatibility
4
ATmega128
The ATmega128 AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools
including: C compilers, macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, in-circuit emulators,
and evaluation kits.
The ATmega128 is a highly complex microcontroller where the number of I/O locations supersedes the 64 I/O locations reserved in the AVR instruction set. To ensure backward compatibility
with the ATmega103, all I/O locations present in ATmega103 have the sam e location in
ATmega128. Most additional I/O locati ons are a dded in a n Extended I/O space st arting fr om $60
to $FF, (i.e., in the ATmega103 internal RAM space). These locations can be reached by using
LD/LDS/LDD and ST/STS/STD instructions only, not by using I N and OUT instruct ions. The relocation of the internal RAM space may still be a problem for ATmega103 users. Also, the
increased number of interrupt vectors might be a problem if the code uses absolute addresses.
To solve these problems, an ATmega103 compatibility mode can be selected by programming
the fuse M103C. In this mode, none of the functi ons in the Ext ended I /O sp ace ar e in u se, so the
internal RAM is located as in ATmega103. Also, the Extended Interrupt vectors are removed.
The ATmega128 is 100% pin compatible with ATmega103, and can replace the ATmega103 on
current Printed Circuit Boards. The application note “Replacing ATmega103 by ATmega128”
describes what the user should be aware of replacing the ATmega103 by an ATmega128.
2467RS–AVR–06/08
Page 5
ATmega128
ATmega103
Compatibility Mode
By programming the M103C fuse, the ATmega128 will be compatible with the ATmega103
regards to RAM, I/O pins and interrupt vectors as describe d above. However, some new fea tures in ATmega128 are not available in this compatibility mode, these features are listed below:
•One USART instead of tw o, Asynchronous mode only. Only the eight least significant bits of
the Baud Rate Register is available.
•One 16 bits Timer/Counter with two compare registers instead of two 16-bit Timer/Counters
with three compare registers.
•Two-wire serial interface is not supported.
•Port C is output only.
•Port G serves alternate functions only (not a general I/O port).
•Port F serves as digital input only in addition to analog input to the ADC.
•Boot Loader capabilities is not supported.
•It is not possible to adjust the frequency of the internal calibrated RC Oscillator.
•The External Memory Interface can not release any Address pins for general I/O, neither
configure different wait-states to different External Memory Address sections.
In addition, there are some other minor differences to make it more compatible to ATmega103:
•Only EXTRF and PORF exists in MCUCSR.
•Timed sequence not required for Watchdog Time-out change.
•USART has no FIFO buffer, so data overrun comes earlier.
Unused I/O bits in ATmega103 should be written to 0 to ensure sa me operation in ATmega128.
Pin Descriptions
VCCDigital supply voltage.
GNDGround.
Port A (PA7..PA0)Port A is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
Port A output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source
capability. As inputs, Port A pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up
resistors are activated. The Port A pins are tri-stated when a reset co ndition becomes active,
even if the clock is not running.
Port A also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega128 as listed on page
73.
Port B (PB7..PB0)Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
Port B output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source
capability. As inputs, Port B pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up
resistors are activated. The Port B pins are tri-stated when a reset co ndition becomes active,
even if the clock is not running.
Port B also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega128 as listed on page
74.
Port C (PC7..PC0)Port C is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
Port C output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source
capability. As inputs, Port C pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up
2467RS–AVR–06/08
5
Page 6
resistors are activated. The Port C pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active,
even if the clock is not running.
Port C also serves the functions of special features of the ATmega128 as listed on page 77. In
ATmega103 compatibility mode, Port C is output only, and the port C pins are not tri-stated
when a reset condition becomes active.
Note:The ATmega128 is by default shipped in ATmega103 compatibility mode. Thus, if the parts are not
programmed before they are put on the PCB, POR TC will be output during first power up, and until
the ATmega103 compatibility mode is disabled.
Port D (PD7..PD0)Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
Port D output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source
capability. As inputs, Port D pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up
resistors are activated. The Port D pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active,
even if the clock is not running.
Port D also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega128 as listed on page
78.
Port E (PE7..PE0)Port E is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
Port E output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source
capability. As inputs, Port E pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up
resistors are activated. The Port E pins are tri-stated when a reset co ndition becomes active,
even if the clock is not running.
Port E also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega128 as listed on page
81.
Port F (PF7..PF0)Port F serves as the analog inputs to the A/D Converter.
Port F also serves as an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port, if the A/D Converter is not used. Port pins
can provide internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit) . The Por t F outpu t buffers ha ve symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port F pins
that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port F
pins are tri-stated when a res et cond ition beco mes a ctive, ev en if th e clock is not ru nning. If the
JTAG interface is enabled, the pull-up resistors on pins PF7(TDI), PF5(TMS), and PF4(TCK) will
be activated even if a Reset occurs.
The TDO pin is tri-stated unless TAP states that shift out data are entered.
Port F also serves the functions of the JTAG interface.
In ATmega103 compatibility mode, Port F is an input Port only.
Port G (PG4..PG0)Port G is a 5-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
Port G output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source
capability. As inputs, Port G pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up
resistors are activated. The Port G pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active,
even if the clock is not running.
Port G also serves the functions of various special features.
The port G pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not
running.
In ATmega103 compatibility mode, these pins only serve s as strobes signals to the external
memory as well as input to the 32 kHz Oscillator, and the pins are initialized to PG0 = 1, PG1 =
1, and PG2 = 0 asynchronously when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not
running. PG3 and PG4 are oscillator pins.
6
ATmega128
2467RS–AVR–06/08
Page 7
ATmega128
RESETReset input. A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse length will generate a
reset, even if the clock is not running. The minimum pulse length is given in Table 19 on page
51. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to gener ate a reset.
XTAL1Input to the inverting Oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.
XTAL2Output from the inverting Oscillator amplifier.
AVCCAVCC is the supply voltage pin for Port F and the A/D Converter. It should be externally con-
nected to V
through a low-pass filter.
AREFAREF is the analog reference pin for the A/D Converter.
PENPEN is a programming enable pin for the SPI Serial Programming mode, and is internally pulled
high . By holding this pin low during a Power-on Reset, the device will enter the SPI Serial Programming mode. PEN
, even if the ADC is not used. If the ADC is used, it should be connected to V
CC
has no function during normal operation.
CC
2467RS–AVR–06/08
7
Page 8
ResourcesA comprehensive set of development tools, application notes, and datasheets are available for
download on http://www.atmel.com/avr.
ATmega128/L rev. A - M characterization is found in the ATmega128 Appendix A.
Note:1.
Data RetentionReliability Qualification results show that the projected data retention failure rate is much less
than 1 PPM over 20 years at 85°C or 100 years at 25°C.
Notes:1. For compatibility with future devices, reserved bits should be written to zero if accessed. Reserved I/O memor y addresses
should never be written.
2. Some of the status flags are cleared by writing a logical one to them. Note that the CBI and SBI instruction s will operate on
all bits in the I/O register, writing a one back into any flag read as set, thus clearing the flag. The CBI and SBI instruction s
work with registers $00 to $1F only.
2467RS–AVR–06/08
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Page 12
Instruction Set Summary
MnemonicsOperandsDescriptionOperationFlags#Clocks
ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC INSTRUCTIONS
ADDRd, RrAdd two RegistersRd ← Rd + RrZ,C,N,V,H1
ADCRd, RrAdd with Carry two RegistersRd ← Rd + Rr + CZ,C,N,V,H1
ADIWRdl,KAdd Immediate to WordRdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl + KZ,C,N,V,S2
SUBRd, RrSubtract two RegistersRd ← Rd - RrZ,C,N,V,H1
SUBIRd, KSubtract Constant from Register Rd ← Rd - KZ,C,N,V,H1
SBCRd, RrSubtract with Carry two RegistersRd ← Rd - Rr - CZ,C,N,V,H1
SBCIRd, KSubtract with Carry Constant from Reg.Rd ← Rd - K - CZ,C,N,V,H1
SBIWRdl,KSubtract Immediate from WordRdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl - KZ,C,N,V,S2
ANDRd, RrLogical AND RegistersRd ← Rd • RrZ,N,V1
ANDIRd, KLogical AND Register and ConstantRd ← Rd • KZ,N,V1
ORRd, RrLogical OR RegistersRd ← Rd v RrZ,N,V1
ORIRd, KLogical OR Register and ConstantRd ← Rd v KZ,N,V1
EORRd, RrExclusive OR RegistersRd ← Rd ⊕ RrZ,N,V1
COMRdOne’s ComplementRd ← $FF − RdZ,C,N,V1
NEGRdTwo’s Comple mentRd ← $00 − RdZ,C,N,V,H1
SBRRd,KSet Bit(s) in RegisterRd ← Rd v KZ,N,V1
CBRRd,KClear Bit(s) in RegisterRd ← Rd • ($FF - K)Z,N,V1
INCRdIncrementRd ← Rd + 1Z,N,V1
DECRdDecrementRd ← Rd − 1 Z,N,V1
TSTRdTest for Zero or MinusRd ← Rd • Rd Z,N,V1
CLRRdClear RegisterRd ← Rd ⊕ RdZ,N,V1
SERRdSet RegisterRd ← $FFNone1
MULRd, RrMultiply UnsignedR1:R0 ← Rd x RrZ,C2
MULSRd, RrMultiply SignedR1:R0 ← Rd x RrZ,C2
MULSURd, RrMultiply Signed with UnsignedR1:R0 ← Rd x RrZ,C2
FMULRd, RrFractional Multiply UnsignedR1:R0 ← (Rd x Rr) << 1Z,C2
FMULSRd, RrFractional Multiply SignedR1:R0 ← (Rd x Rr) << 1Z,C2
FMULSURd, RrFrac tional Multiply Signed with UnsignedR1:R0 ← (Rd x Rr) << 1Z,C2
BRANCH INSTRUCTIONS
RJMPkRelative JumpPC ← PC + k + 1None2
IJMPIndirect Jump to (Z)PC ← Z None2
JMPkDirect JumpPC ← kNone3
RCALLkRelative Subroutine Call PC ← PC + k + 1None3
ICALLIndirect Call to (Z)PC ← ZNone3
CALLkDirect Subroutine Call PC ← kNone4
RETSubroutine ReturnPC ← STACKNone4
RETIInterrupt ReturnPC ← STACKI4
CPSERd,RrCompare, Skip if Equalif (Rd = Rr) PC ← PC + 2 or 3None1 / 2 / 3
CPRd,RrCompareRd − RrZ, N,V,C,H1
CPCRd,RrCompare with CarryRd − Rr − CZ, N,V,C,H1
CPIRd,KCompare Register with ImmediateRd − KZ, N,V,C,H1
SBRCRr, bSkip if Bit in Register Clearedif (Rr(b)=0) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None1 / 2 / 3
SBRSRr, bSkip if Bit in Register is Setif (Rr(b)=1) PC ← PC + 2 or 3None1 / 2 / 3
SBICP, bSkip if Bit in I/O Register Clearedif (P(b)=0) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None1 / 2 / 3
SBISP, bSkip if Bit in I/O Register is Setif (P(b)=1) PC ← PC + 2 or 3None1 / 2 / 3
BRBSs, kBranch if Status Flag Setif (SREG(s) = 1) then PC←PC+k + 1None1 / 2
BRBCs, kBranch if Status Flag Clearedif (SREG(s) = 0) then PC←PC+k + 1None1 / 2
BREQ kBranch if Equal if (Z = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRNE kBranch if Not Equalif (Z = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRCS kBranch if Carry Setif (C = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRCC kBranch if Carry Clearedif (C = 0) the n PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRSH kBranch if Same or Higher if (C = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRLO kBranch if Lowerif (C = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRMI kBranch if Minusif (N = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRPL kBranch if Plus if (N = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRGE kBranch if Greater or Equal, Signedif (N ⊕ V= 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRLT kBranch if Less Than Zero, Signedif (N ⊕ V= 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRHS kBranch if Half Carry Flag Setif (H = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRHC kBranch if Half Carry Flag Clearedif (H = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRTS kBranch if T Flag Setif (T = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRTC kBranch if T Flag Clearedif (T = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRVS kBranch if Overflow Flag is Setif (V = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRVC kBranch if Overflow Flag is Clearedif (V = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
12
ATmega128
2467RS–AVR–06/08
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ATmega128
Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
MnemonicsOperandsDescriptionOperationFlags#Clocks
BRIE kBranch if Interrupt Enabledif ( I = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
BRID kBranch if Interrupt Disabledif ( I = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1 / 2
DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS
MOVRd, RrMove Between RegistersRd ← RrNone1
MOVWRd, RrCopy Register Word
LDIRd, KLoad ImmediateRd ← KNone1
LDRd, XLoad IndirectRd ← (X)None2
LDRd, X+Load Indirect and Post-Inc.Rd ← (X), X ← X + 1None2
LDRd, - XLoad Indirect and Pre-Dec.X ← X - 1, Rd ← (X)None2
LDRd, YLoad IndirectRd ← (Y)None2
LDRd, Y+Load Indirect and Post-Inc.Rd ← (Y), Y ← Y + 1None2
LDRd, - YLoad Indirect and Pre-Dec.Y ← Y - 1, Rd ← (Y)None2
LDDRd,Y+qLoad Indirect with DisplacementRd ← (Y + q)None2
LDRd, ZLoad Indirect Rd ← (Z)None2
LDRd, Z+Load Indirect and Post-Inc.Rd ← (Z), Z ← Z+1None2
LDRd, -ZLoad Indirect and Pre-Dec.Z ← Z - 1, Rd ← (Z)None2
LDDRd, Z+qLoad Indirect with DisplacementRd ← (Z + q)None2
LDSRd, kLoad Direct from SRAMRd ← (k)None2
STX, RrStore Indirect(X) ← RrNone2
STX+, RrStore Indirect and Post-Inc.(X) ← Rr, X ← X + 1None2
ST- X, RrStore Indirect and Pre-Dec.X ← X - 1, (X) ← RrNone2
STY, RrStore Indirect(Y) ← RrNone2
STY+, RrStore Indirect and Post-Inc.(Y) ← Rr, Y ← Y + 1None2
ST- Y, RrStore Indirect and Pre-Dec.Y ← Y - 1, (Y) ← RrNone2
STDY+q,RrStore Indirect with Displacement(Y + q) ← RrNone2
STZ, RrStore Indirect(Z) ← RrNone2
STZ+, RrStore Indirect and Post-Inc.(Z) ← Rr, Z ← Z + 1None2
ST-Z, RrStore Indirect and Pre-Dec.Z ← Z - 1, (Z) ← RrNone2
STDZ+q,RrStore Indirect with Displacement(Z + q) ← RrNone2
STSk, RrStore Direct to SRAM(k) ← RrNone2
LPMLoad Program MemoryR0 ← (Z)None3
LPMRd, ZLoad Program MemoryRd ← (Z)None3
LPMRd, Z+Load Program Memory and Post-IncRd ← (Z), Z ← Z+1None3
ELPMExtended Load Program MemoryR0 ← (RAMPZ:Z)None3
ELPMRd, ZExtended Load Program MemoryRd ← (RAMPZ:Z)None3
ELPMRd, Z+Extended Loa d P rogram Memory and Post-IncRd ← (RAMPZ:Z), RAMPZ:Z ← RAMPZ:Z+1None3
SPMStore Program Memory(Z) ← R1:R0NoneINRd, PIn PortRd ← PNone1
OUTP, RrOut PortP ← RrNone1
PUSHRrPush Register on StackSTACK ← RrNone2
POPRdPop Register from StackRd ← STACKNone2
BIT AND BIT-TEST INSTRUCTIONS
SBIP,bSet Bit in I/O RegisterI/O(P,b) ← 1None2
CBIP,bClear Bit in I/O RegisterI/O(P,b) ← 0None2
LSLRdLogical Shift LeftRd(n+1) ← Rd(n), Rd(0) ← 0Z,C,N,V1
LSRRdLogical Shift RightRd(n) ← Rd(n+1), Rd(7) ← 0Z,C,N,V1
ROLRdRotate Left Through CarryRd(0)←C,Rd(n+1)← Rd(n),C←Rd(7)Z,C,N,V1
RORRdRotate Right Through CarryRd(7)←C,Rd(n)← Rd(n+1),C←Rd(0)Z,C,N,V1
ASRRdArithmetic Shift RightRd(n) ← Rd(n+1), n=0..6Z,C,N,V1
SWAPRdSwap NibblesRd(3..0)←Rd(7..4),Rd(7..4)←Rd(3..0)None1
BSETsFlag SetSREG(s) ← 1SREG(s)1
BCLRsFlag ClearSREG(s) ← 0 SREG(s)1
BSTRr, bBit Store from Register to TT ← Rr(b)T1
BLDRd, bBit load from T to RegisterRd(b) ← TNone1
SECSet CarryC
CLCClear CarryC ← 0 C1
SENSet Negative FlagN ← 1N1
CLNClear Negative FlagN ← 0 N1
SEZSet Zero FlagZ ← 1Z1
CLZClear Zero FlagZ ← 0 Z1
SEIGlobal Interrupt EnableI ← 1I1
CLIGlobal Interrupt DisableI ← 0 I1
SESSet Signed Test FlagS ← 1S1
CLSClear Signed Test FlagS ← 0 S1
Rd+1:Rd ← Rr+1:Rr
← 1C1
None1
2467RS–AVR–06/08
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Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
MnemonicsOperandsDescriptionOperationFlags#Clocks
SEVSet Twos Complement Overflow.V ← 1V1
CLVClear Twos Complement OverflowV ← 0 V1
SETSet T in SREGT ← 1T1
CLTClear T in SREGT ← 0 T1
SEHSet Half Carry Flag in SREGH ← 1H1
CLHClear Half Carry Flag in SREGH ← 0 H1
MCU CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS
NOPNo OperationNone1
SLEEPSleep(see specific descr. for Sleep function)N one1
WDRWatchdog Reset(see specific descr. for WDR/timer)None1
BREAKBreakFor On-chip Debug OnlyNoneN/A
14
ATmega128
2467RS–AVR–06/08
Page 15
Ordering Information
ATmega128
Speed (MHz)Power SupplyOrdering Code
82.7 - 5.5V
164.5 - 5.5V
Notes:1. Pb-free packaging complies to the European Directive for Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS directive). Also
Halide free and fully Green.
2. The device can also be supplied in wafer form. Please contact your local Atmel sales office for detailed ordering information
and minimum quantities.
ATmega128L-8AU
ATmega128L-8MU
ATmega128-16AU
ATmega128-16MU
(1)
Package
64A
64M1
64A
64M1
(2)
Operation Range
Industrial
o
C to 85oC)
(-40
Industrial
o
C to 85oC)
(-40
Package Type
64A64-lead, 14 x 14 x 1.0 mm, Thin Profile Plastic Quad Flat Package (TQFP)
64M164-pad, 9 x 9 x 1.0 mm, Quad Flat No-Lead/Micro Lead Frame Package (QFN/MLF)
2467RS–AVR–06/08
15
Page 16
Packaging Information
64A
PIN 1
B
PIN 1 IDENTIFIER
e
E1E
D1
D
C
0°~7°
A1
L
Notes:
1.This package conforms to JEDEC reference MS-026, Variation AEB.
2. Dimensions D1 and E1 do not include mold protrusion. Allowable
protrusion is 0.25 mm per side. Dimensions D1 and E1 are maximum
plastic body size dimensions including mold mismatch.
3. Lead coplanarity is 0.10 mm maximum.
A2A
SYMBOL
COMMON DIMENSIONS
(Unit of Measure = mm)
MIN
A – – 1.20
A1 0.05 – 0.15
A2 0.95 1.00 1.05
D 15.75 16.00 16.25
D1 13.90 14.00 14.10 Note 2
E 15.75 16.00 16.25
E1 13.90 14.00 14.10 Note 2
B 0.30 – 0.45
C 0.09 – 0.20
L 0.45 – 0.75
e 0.80 TYP
NOM
MAX
NOTE
16
2325 Orchard Parkway
R
San Jose, CA 95131
ATmega128
TITLE
64A, 64-lead, 14 x 14 mm Body Size, 1.0 mm Body Thickness,
0.8 mm Lead Pitch, Thin Profile Plastic Quad Flat Package (TQFP)
10/5/2001
DRAWING NO.
64A
2467RS–AVR–06/08
REV.
B
Page 17
64M1
D
Marked Pin# 1 ID
ATmega128
E
SEATING PLANE
C
TOP VIEW
A1
A
K
L
D2
E2
K
b
e
BOTTOM VIEW
1. JEDEC Standard MO-220, (SAW Singulation) Fig. 1, VMMD.
Note:
2. Dimension and tolerance conform to ASMEY14.5M-1994.
Pin #1 Corner
1
2
3
Option A
Option B
Option C
Pin #1
Triangle
Pin #1
Chamfer
(C 0.30)
Pin #1
Notch
(0.20 R)
SIDE VIEW
SYMBOL
A 0.80 0.90 1.00
A1 – 0.02 0.05
b 0.180.250.30
D
D2 5.205.405.60
E
E2 5.205.405.60
e 0.50 BSC
L0.35 0.40 0.45
K1.251.401.55
0.08
C
COMMON DIMENSIONS
(Unit of Measure = mm)
MIN
8.909.009.10
8.909.009.10
NOM
MAX
NOTE
R
2467RS–AVR–06/08
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131
TITLE
64M1, 64-pad, 9 x 9 x 1.0 mm Body, Lead Pitch 0.50 mm,
5.40 mm Exposed Pad, Micro Lead Frame Package (MLF)
DRAWING NO.
64M1
5/25/06
REV.
G
17
Page 18
ErrataThe revision letter in this section refers to the revision of the ATmega128 device.
ATmega128 Rev. F to M
• First Analog Comparator conversion may be delayed
• Interrupts may be lost when writing the timer registers in the asynchronous timer
• Stabilizing time needed when changing XDIV Register
• Stabilizing time needed when changing OSCCAL Register
• IDCODE masks data from TDI input
• Reading EEPROM by using ST or STS to set EERE bit triggers unexpected interrupt request
1.First Analog Comparator conversion may be delayed
If the device is powered by a slow rising V
take longer than expected on some devices.
Problem Fix/Workaround
When the device has been powered or reset, disable then enable theAnalog Comparator
before the first conversion.
2.Interrupts may be lost when writing the timer registers in the asynchronous timer
If one of the timer registers which is synchronized to the asynchronous timer2 clock is written in the cycle before a overflow interrupt occurs, the interrupt may be lost.
Problem Fix/Workaround
Always check that the Timer2 Timer/Counter register, TCNT2, does not have the value 0xFF
before writing the Timer2 Control Register, TCCR2, or Output Compare Register, OCR2
, the first Analog Comparator conversion will
CC
3.Stabilizing time needed when changing XDIV Register
After increasing the source clock frequency more t han 2% with se tting s in the XDI V reg ist er,
the device may execute some of the subsequent instructions incorrectly.
Problem Fix / Workaround
The NOP instruction will always be executed correctly also right after a frequency change.
Thus, the next 8 instructions after the change should be NOP instructions. To ensure this,
follow this procedure:
1.Clear the I bit in the SREG Register.
2.Set the new pre-scaling factor in XDIV register.
3.Execute 8 NOP instructions
4.Set the I bit in SREG
This will ensure that all subsequent instructions will execute correctly.
Assembly Code Example:
CLI ; clear global interrupt enable
OUT XDIV, temp ; set new prescale value
NOP ; no operation
NOP ; no operation
NOP ; no operation
NOP ; no operation
NOP ; no operation
NOP ; no operation
NOP ; no operation
NOP ; no operation
SEI ; set global interrupt enable
18
ATmega128
2467RS–AVR–06/08
Page 19
ATmega128
4.Stabilizing time needed when changing OSCCAL Register
After increasing the source clock frequency more than 2% with settings in the OSCCAL register, the device may execute some of the subsequent instructions incorrectly.
Problem Fix / Workaround
The behavior follows errata number 3., and the same Fix / Workaround is applicable on this
errata.
5.IDCODE masks data from TDI input
The JTAG instruction IDCODE is not working correctly. Data to succeeding devices are
replaced by all-ones during Update-DR.
Problem Fix / Workaround
–If ATmega128 is the only device in the scan chain, the problem is not visible.
–Select the Device ID Register of the ATmega128 by issuing the IDCODE instr uction
or by entering the Test-Logic-Reset state of the TAP controller to read out the
contents of its Device ID Register and possibly data from succeeding devices of the
scan chain. Issue the BYPASS instruction to the ATmega128 while reading the
Device ID Registers of preceding devices of the boundary scan chain.
–If the Device IDs of all devices in the boundary scan chain must be captured
simultaneously, the ATmega128 must be the fist device in the chain.
6.Reading EEPROM by using ST or STS to set EERE bit triggers unexpected inte rrupt
request.
Reading EEPROM by using the ST or STS command to set the EERE bit in the EECR register triggers an unexpected EEPROM interrupt request.
Problem Fix / Workaround
Always use OUT or SBI to set EERE in EECR.
2467RS–AVR–06/08
19
Page 20
Datasheet
Revision
Please note that the referring page numbers in this section are referred to this document. The
referring revision in this section are referring to the document revision.
History
Rev. 2467R-06/081.Removed “Not recommended from new designs“ from the front page.
Rev. 2467Q-05/081.Updated “Preventing EEPROM Corruption” on page 25.
Removed sentence “If the detection level of the internal BOD does not match the needed
detection level, and external low V
2.Updated Table 85 on page 197 in “Examples of Baud Rate Setting” on page 194.
Remomved examples of frequencies above 16 MHz.
3.Updated Figure 114 on page 238.
Inductor value corrected from 10 mH to 10 µH.
4.Updated description of “Version” on page 253.
5.ATmega128L removed from “DC Characteristics” on page 318.
6.Added “Speed Grades” on page 320.
Reset Protection circuit can be used.“
CC
7.Updated “Ordering Information” on page 15.
Pb-Plated packages are no longer offered, and the ordering information for these packages
are removed.
There will no longer exist separate ordering codes for commercial operation range, only
industrial operation range.
8.Updated “Errata” on page 18:
Merged errata description for rev.F to rev.M in “ATmega128 Rev. F to M”.
Rev. 2467P-08/071.Updated “Features” on page 1.
2.Added “Data Retention” on page 8.
3.Updated Table 60 on page 134 and Table 95 on page 235.
4.Updated “C Code Example
5.Updated Figure 114 on page 238.
6.Updated “XTAL Divide Co ntrol Register – XDIV” on page 37.
7.Updated “Errata” on page 18.
8.Updated Table 34 on page 77.
(1)
” on page 177.
9.Updated “Slave Mode” on page 167.
Rev. 2467O-10/061.Added note to “Timer/Co unter Oscillator” on page 44.
20
ATmega128
2467RS–AVR–06/08
Page 21
2.Updated “Fast PWM Mode” on page 125.
3.Updated Table 52 on page 105, Table 54 on page 105, Table 59 on page 134, Table 61
on page 135, Table 64 on page 157, and Table 66 on page 158.
4.Updated “Errata” on page 18.
Rev. 2467N-03/061.Updated note for Figure 1 on page 2.
2.Updated “Alternate Functions of Port D” on page 78.
3.Updated “Alternate Functions of Port G” on page 85.
4.Updated “Phase Correct PWM Mode” on page 101.
5.Updated Table 59 on page 134, Table 60 on page 134.
7.Updated “Serial Peripheral Interface – SPI” on page 163.
ATmega128
8.Updated Features in “Analog to Digital Converter” on page 230
9.Added note in “Input Channel and Gain Selections” on page 243.
10. Updated “Errata” on page 18.
Rev. 2467M-11/041.Removed “analog ground”, replaced by “ground”.
2.Updated Table 11 on page 41, Table 114 on page 285, Table 128 on page 303, and
Table 132 on page 321. Updated Figure 114 on page 238.
3.Added note to “Port C (PC7..PC0)” on page 5.
4.Updated “Ordering Information” on page 15.
Rev. 2467L-05/041.Removed “Preliminary” and “TBD” from the datasheet, replaced occurrences of ICx
with ICPx.
2.Updated Table 8 on page 39, Table 19 on page 51, Table 22 on page 57, Table 96 on
page 242, Table 126 on page 299, Table 128 on page 303, Table 132 on page 321, and
Table 134 on page 323.
3.Updated “External Memory Interface” on page 26.
2467RS–AVR–06/08
4.Updated “Device Identification Register” on page 253.
5.Updated “Electrical Characteristics” on page 318.
6.Updated “ADC Characteristics” on page 325.
7.Updated “ATmega128 Typical Characteristics” on page 332.
21
Page 22
8.Updated “Ordering Information” on page 15.
Rev. 2467K-03/041.Updated “Errata” on page 18.
Rev. 2467J-12/031.Updated “Calibrated Internal RC Oscillator” on page 42.
Rev. 2467I-09/031.Updated note in “XTAL Divide Control Register – XDIV” on page 37.
2.Updated “JTAG Interface and On-chip Debug System” on page 49.
3.Updated values for V
4.Updated “Test Access Port – TAP” on page 246 regarding JTAGEN.
5.Updated description for the JTD bit on page 255.
6.Added a note regarding JTAGEN fuse to Table 118 on page 288.
7.Updated R
8.Added a proposal for solving problems regarding the JTAG instruction IDCODE in
“Errata” on page 18.
values in “DC Characteristics” on page 318 .
PU
(BODLEVEL = 1) in Table 19 on page 51.
BOT
Rev. 2467H-02/031.Corrected the names of the two Prescaler bits in the SFIOR Register.
2.Added Chip Erase as a first step under “Programming the Flash” on page 315 and
“Programming the EEPROM” on page 316.
3.Removed reference to the “Multipurpose Oscillator” application note and the “32 kHz
Crystal Oscillator” application note, which do not exist.
4.Corrected OCn waveforms in Figure 52 on page 126.
5.Various minor Timer1 corrections.
6.Added information about PWM symmetry for Timer0 and Timer2.
7.Various minor TWI corrections.
8.Added reference to Ta ble 124 on page 292 from bo th SPI Serial Programming and Self
Programming to inform about the Flash Page size.
9.Added note under “Filling the Temporary Buffer (Page Loading)” on page 280 about
writing to the EEPROM during an SPM Page load.
10. Removed ADHSM completely.
11. Added section “EEPROM Write During Power-down Sleep Mode” on page 25.
12. Up d a t e d dr a w i n gs in “Packaging Information” on page 16.
Rev. 2467G-09/021.Changed the Endurance on the Flash to 10,00 0 Write/Erase Cycles.
22
ATmega128
2467RS–AVR–06/08
Page 23
ATmega128
Rev. 2467F-09/021. Added 64-pad QFN/MLF Package and updated “Ordering Information” on page 15.
2.Added the section “Using all Locations of External Memory Smaller than 64 KB” on
page 33.
3.Added the section “Default Clock Source” on page 38.
4.Renamed SPMCR to SPMCSR in entire document.
5.When using ex ternal cl ock there a re some l imitations regards to change of frequ ency.
This is descried in “External Clock” on page 43 and Table 131, “External Clock
Drive,” on page 320.
6.Added a sub section regarding OCD-system and power consumption in the section
“Minimizing Power Consumption” on page 48.
7.Corrected typo (WGM-bit setting) for:
“Fast PWM Mode” on page 99 (Timer/Counter0).
“Phase Correct PWM Mode” on page 101 (Timer/Counter0).
“Fast PWM Mode” on page 152 (Timer/Counter2).
“Phase Correct PWM Mode” on page 153 (Timer/Counter2).
8.Corrected Table 81 on page 192 (USART).
9.Corrected Table 102 on page 259 (Boundary-Scan)
10. Upd at e d Vil pa r ameter in “DC Characteristics” on page 318.
Rev. 2467E-04/021. Updated the Characterization Data in Section “ATmega128 Typical Characteristics”
on page 332.
2.Updated the following tables:
Table 19 on page 51, Table 20 on page 55, Table 68 on page 158, Table 102 on page 259,
and Table 136 on page 328.
3.Updated Description of OSCCAL Calibration Byte.
In the data sheet, it was not explained how to take advantage of the calibration bytes for 2,
4, and 8 MHz Oscillator selections. This is now added in the following sections:
Improved description of “Oscillator Calibration Register – OSCCAL” on page 42 and “Cali-
bration Byte” on page 289.
Rev. 2467D-03/021.Added more information about “ATmega103 Compatibility Mode” on page 5.
2.Updated Table 2, “EEPROM Programming Time,” on page 23.
2467RS–AVR–06/08
3.Updated typical St art-u p Ti me in Tab le 7 o n pa ge 38, Table 9 and Table 10 on page 40,
Table 12 on page 41, Table 14 on page 42, and Table 16 on page 43.
4.Updated Table 22 on page 57 with typical WDT Time-out.
23
Page 24
5.Corrected descri ption of ADSC bit in “ADC Control and Status Register A – ADCSRA”
on page 244.
6.Improved description on how to do a polarity check of the ADC differential results in
“ADC Conversion Result” on page 241.
7.Corrected JTAG version numbers in “JTAG Version Numbers” on page 256.
8.Improved description of addressing during SPM (usage of RAMPZ) on “Addressing
the Flash During Self-Programming” on page 278, “Performing Page Erase by SPM”
on page 280, and “Performing a Page Write” on page 280.
9.Added not regarding OCDEN Fuse below Table 118 on page 288.
10. Updated Programming Figures:
Figure 135 on page 290 and Figure 144 on page 301 are updated to also reflect that AVCC
must be connected during Programming mode. Figure 139 on page 297 added to illustrate
how to program the fuses.
11. Added a note regarding usage of the PROG_PAGELOAD and PROG_PAGEREAD
instructions on page 307.
More details regarding use of the TWI Power-down operation and using the TWI as master
with low TWBRR values are added into the data sheet. Added the note at the end of the “Bit
Rate Generator Unit” on page 204. Added the description at the end of “Addre ss Match Unit”
on page 205.
14. Added a note regarding usage of Timer/Counter0 combined with the clock. See
“XTAL Divide Control Register – XDIV” on page 37.
Rev. 2467C-02/021.Corrected Description of Alternate Functions of Port G
Corrected description of TOSC1 and TOSC2 in “Alternate Functions of Port G” on page 85.
2. Added JTAG Version Numbers for rev. F and rev. G
Updated Table 100 on page 256.
3 Added Some Preliminary Test Limits a nd Characterization Data
Removed some of the TBD's in the following tables and pages:
Table 19 on page 51, Table 20 on page 55, “DC Characteristics” on page 318, Table 131 on
page 320, Table 134 on page 323, and Tabl e 136 on page 328.
4. Corrected “Ordering Information” on page 15.
5. Added some Characterization Data in Section “ATmega128 Typical Characteristics”
on page 332.
24
6. Removed Alternative Algortihm for Leaving JTAG Programming Mode.
See “Leaving Programming Mode” on page 315.
ATmega128
2467RS–AVR–06/08
Page 25
ATmega128
7. Added Description on How to Access the Extended Fuse Byte Through JTAG Programming Mode.
See “Programming the Fuses” on page 317 and “Reading t he F uses a nd Lo ck Bit s ” on p age
317.
2467RS–AVR–06/08
25
Page 26
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