Datasheet AP1601 Datasheet (AnaChip)

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Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Features

-A Guaranteed Start-Up from less than 0.9 V.

-High Efficiency.

-Low Quiescent Current.

-Less Number of External Components needed.

-Low Ripple and Low Noise.

-Space Saving Packages: MSOP-8L and
MSOP-10L.

 Applications

-Pagers.

-Cameras.

-Wireless Microphones.

-Pocket Organizers.

-Battery Backup Suppliers.

-Portable Instruments.

 Pin Assignments

1

FB

LBI

LBO
REF

LBI

LBO

CLSEL

REF

2
3
4

MSOP-8L

1

FB

2
3
47
56

MSOP-10L

8

OUT
LX

7
6

GND

5

SHDN

10

OUT

LX

9
8

GND
BATT

SHDN

AP1601

 General Description

The AP1601 is a high efficiency step-up DC/DC
converter for applications using 1 to 4 NiMH battery
cells. Only three external components are required
to deliver a fixed output voltage of 3.3V or 5V. The
AP1601 starts up from less than 0.9V input with
1mA load. Pulse Frequency Modulation scheme
brings optimized performance for applications with
light output loading and low input voltages. The
output ripple and noise are lower compared with the
circuits operating in PSM mode.
The PFM control circuit operating in 100KHz (max.)
switching rate results in smaller passive
components. The space saving MSOP packages
make the AP1601 an ideal choice of DC/DC
converter for space conscious applications, like
pagers, electronic cameras, and wireless
microphones.

 Pin Descriptions

Name Description

Use a resistor network to set the output
voltage from +2.0V to +5.5V.

FB

If FB=Vout, Vout=3.3V fix voltage

FB=GND, Vout=5V fix voltage

Low-Battery Comparator Input. Internally set

LBI

to trip at +1.30V.
Open-Drain Low-Battery Comparator Output.

LBO

Connect

LBO

resistor. Output is low when V

LBO is high impedance during shutdown.

1.2V Reference Voltage. Bypass with a 0.1µF

REF

capacitor.
Power Output. OUT provides bootstrap power

OUT

to the IC.
N-Channel and P-Channel Power MOSFET

LX

Drain

GND Ground

Shutdown Input. Drive high (>80% of V

SHDN

operating mode. Drive low (<20% of V
shutdown mode. Connect to OUT for normal
operation.
Current-Limit Select Input. CLSEL = OUT sets

CLSEL

the current limit to 0.8A. CLSEL = GND sets
the current limit to 0.4A.
Battery Input and Damping Switch

BATT

Connection. If damping switch is unused,
leave BATT unconnected.

to OUT through a 100kΩ

is <1.2V.

LBI

) for

OUT

) for

OUT

This datasheet contains new product information. Anachip Corp. reserves the rights to modify the product specification without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of the use of
this product. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of the product.

1/9

Rev. 1.1 Apr. 14, 2005

Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Ordering Information

AP1601

AP1601 X X X

M8: MSOP-8L
M10: MSOP-10L

 Block Diagram

Minimum

OUT

Off-Time
One-Shot

Maximum
On-Time
One-Shot

One-Shot

LBO

LBI

R3

R4

CLSEL

V

IN

100k

SHDN

V

R2

Package

Q

TRIG

One-Shot

F/F

S

R

QTRIG

Q

-

+

Lead Free

Blank : Normal
L : Lead Free Package

+

Current-Limit
Amplifier

-

Error
Amplifier

+

Low-Battery
Comparator

-

Packing

Blank : Tube
A : Taping

-

Zero
Crossing

EN

+

Amplifier

Reference

-

+

Damping
Switch

0.1uF

P

N

BATT

OUT

LX

GND

FB

REF

47uF

22uH

R1
200

R5

R6

0.1uF

+

V

IN

+

Ω

+

47uF

Anachip Corp.
www.anachip.com.tw

Rev. 1.1 Apr. 14, 2005

2/9

AP1601

Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Symbol Parameter Rating Unit

VCC Supply Voltage (OUT to GND) -0.3 to 8.0 V

V

Battery Voltage (Batt to GND) -0.3 to 6.0 V

BATT

LBI, REF, FB, CLSEL to GND -0.3 to V

VSW Switch Voltage (LX to GND) -0.3 to V

I

Output Current (OUT) -1.5 to +1.5 A

OUT

V

LBO to GND 6.0 V

LBO

+0.3 V

OUT

+0.3 V

OUT

ISW Switch Current (LX) -1.5 to +1.5 A

TST Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150

TOT Operation Temperature Range -40 to +80

o

C

o

C

 Electrical Characteristics

= 2V, FB = OUT (V

(V

BATT

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

Minimum Input Voltage - 0.9 - V

VIN Operating Voltage TA = +25°C 1.1 - 5.5 V

Start-Up Voltage

Start-Up Voltage Tempco - -2 - mV/°C
Output Voltage Range 2 - 5.5 V

I

V

OUT

REF

Steady-State Output
Current (Note2)

Reference Voltage I

TEMPCO Reference Voltage Tempco - 0.024 - mV/°C

V

REF_LOAD

V

REF_LINE

Reference Voltage Load
Regulation
Reference Voltage Line
Regulation

FB, LB1 Input Threshold 1.176 1.2 1.224 V

R

I

DS(ON)

I

LIM

LEAK

Internal NFET, PFET
On-Resistance

LX Switch Current Limit
(NFET)

LX Leakage Current ILX=0, 5.5V; V

Anachip Corp.
www.anachip.com.tw Rev. 1.1 Apr. 14, 2005

= 3.3V), RL = ∞, TA = 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)

OUT

T

= +25°C,

A

RL = 3k

Ω (Note 1)

AP1601

(V

= 3.3V)

OUT

(CLSEL=OUT)

AP1601
(CLSEL=GND)

AP1601

(V

OUT

= 5V)

(CLSEL=OUT)

AP1601
(CLSEL=GND)

=0 1.176 1.2 1.224 V

REF

I

=0 to 20µA - 30 80 mV

REF

V

=2V to 5.5V - 0.08 2.5 mV/V

OUT

- 0.9 1.1 V

300 420 -

150 220 -

180 285 -

90 130 -

ILX=100mA - 0.3 0.6 Ω

AP1601 (CLSEL=OUT) 0.80 1 1.20
AP1601 (CLSEL=GND) 0.4 0.5 0.65

=5.5V - 0.05 1

OUT

3/9

mA

A

μA

×

AP1601

Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

= 2V, RL =∞, TA = 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C .)

(V

BATT

Symb

Operating Current into OUT

Shutdown Current into OUT

Efficiency

tON

t

I

I

CLSEL

I

SHDN

I

LBO

LX Switch On-Time
LX Switch Off-Time

OFF

IFB

FB Input Current
LBI Input Current

LBI

CLSEL Input Current

SHDN

LBO Low Output Voltage

LBO Off Leakage Current

Damping Switch Resistance

VIL

VIH

VIL

VIH

Note 1: Start-up voltage operation is guaranteed with the addition of a Schottky MBR0520 external diode between the input and output.
Note 2: Steady-state output current indicates that the device maintains output voltage regulation under load.

SHDN

CLSEL Input Voltage

Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

Input Current

Input Voltage

VFB=1.4V, V

SHDN =GND

V

=3.3V, I

OUT

=2V, I

V

OUT

VFB=1V, V
VFB=1V, V
VFB=1.4V
L

=1.4V

LBI

AP1601, CLSEL=OUT

=0 or V

V

SHDN

=0, I

L

LBI

=5.5V, L

V

LBO

AP1601, V

OUT

=3.3V

- 16 35 µA

- 0.1 1 µA

LOAD

OUT

OUT

LOAD

=1mA
=3.3V
=3.3V

=200mA

- 90 -

- 85 -

3 4 7 µs

0.8 1 1.2 µs

- 0.03 50 nA

- 1 50 nA

- 1.4 3 µA

OUT

=1mA - 0.2 0.4 V

SINK

=5.5V

LBI

=2V

BATT

- 0.07 50 nA

- 0.07 1 µA

- 88 150 Ω

- - 0.2 V

0.8 V

OUT

- -

- - 0.2 V

0.8 V

OUT

- -

OUT

OUT

%

 Typical Application Circuit

V

IN

+

100uF

22uH

V

V

ON

OFF

Low- Battery
Detect In

SHDN

LBI

0.1uF

GND

LX

OUT

LBO

FBREF

Adj Output (1.8V to 4.0V)
up to 300 mA

+

R5

R6

220uF

Low- Battery
Detect OUT

Vout=1.2 (1+ )

R6 Suggest 100K~200K
FB=Vout, Vout=3.3V

FB=GND, Vout=5V

R5
R6

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4/9

Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Typical Performance Characteristics

AP1601

REFERENCE OUTPUT VOLTAGE

1.21

1.2

1.19

1.18

1.17

1.16

VOLTAGE (V)

1.15

REFERENCE OUTPUT

1.14

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100

START-UP VOLTAGE

v.s. LOAD CURRENT

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

0.8

0.6

START-UP

VOLTAGE (V)

0.4

0.2

0

0.01 0.1 1 10 100

v.s. TEMPERATURE

TEMPERATURE (°C)

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

Without Diode

With Diode

MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT

v.s. INPUT VOLTAGE (V

600

500

400

300

200

CURRENT (mA)

100

MAXIMUM OUTPUT

0

1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

NO-LOAD BATTERY CURRENT

v.s.

INPUT BATTERY VOLTAGE

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

CURRENT (uA)

INPUT BATTERY

20

0

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

INPUT BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)

OUT

=3.3V)

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5/9

Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

AP1601

EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT

100

90
80
70
60
50
40
30

EFFICIENCY (%)

20
10

0

0.1 1 10 100 1000

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

SHUTDOWN THRESHOLD VOLTAGE

v.s. SUPPLY VOLTAGE

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

(V)

0.8

0.6

SHUTDOWN

0.4

THRESHOLD VOLTAGE

0.2

0

11.522.533.54

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

VIN=1.2V

VIN=2.4V

SHUTDOWN CURRENT
v.s. SUPPLY VOLTAGE

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

(uA)

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

SHUTDOWN CURRENT

-0.8

-1
1234

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

 Marking Information

(Top View)

Logo

Part number

Anachip Corp.
www.anachip.com.tw Rev. 1.1 Apr. 14, 2005

1601 X

YM X

6/9

ID code: internal

Date code:

Y: Year : 0~9
M: Month (A~L)

Blank : normal
L : Lead Free Package

Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Function Descriptions

General Description

AP1601 PFM (pulse frequency modulation)
converter IC series combine a switch mode
converter, N-channel power MOSFET, precision
voltage reference, and voltage detector in a single
monolithic device. They offer both extreme low
quiescent current, high efficiency, and very low
gate threshold voltage to ensure start-up with low
battery voltage (0.9V typ.). Designed to maximize
battery life in portable products, and minimize
switching losses by only switching as needed
service the load. PFM converters transfer a
discrete amount of energy per cycle and regulate
the output voltage by modulating switching
frequency with the constant turn-on time. Switching
frequency depends on load, input voltage, and
inductor value, and it can range up to 100KHz. The
SW on resistance is typically 1 to 1.5 W to
minimize switch losses. When the output voltage
drops, the error comparator enables 100KHz
oscillator that turns on the MOSFET around 7.5us
and 2.5ms off time. Turning on the MOSFET
allows inductor current to ramp up, storing energy
in a magnetic field and when MOSFET turns off
that force inductor current through diode to the
output capacitor and load. As the stored energy is
depleted, the current ramp down until the diode
turns off. At this point, inductor may ring due to
residual energy and stray capacitance. The output
capacitor stores charge when current flowing
through the diode is high, and release it when
current is low, thereby maintaining a steady
voltage across the load. As the load increases, the
output capacitor discharges faster and the error
comparator initiates cycles sooner, increasing the
switching frequency. The maximum duty cycle
ensure adequate time for energy transfer to output
during the second half each cycle. Depending on
circuit, PFM converter can operate in either
discontinuous mode or continuous conduction
mode. Continuous conduction mode means that
the inductor current does not ramp to zero during
each cycle.

AP1601

Diode Selection

Speed, forward drop, and leakage current are the
three main considerations in selecting a rectifier diode.
Best performance is obtained with Schottky rectifier
diode, such as 1N5819. Motorola makes MBR0530 in
surface mount. For lower output power a 1N4148 can
be used although efficiency and start up voltage will
suffer substantially.

Inductor Selection

To operate as an efficient energy transfer element,
the inductor must fulfill three requirements. First, the
inductance must be low enough for the inductor to
store adequate energy under the worst case condition
of minimum input voltage and switch ON time. Second,
the inductance must also be high enough so
maximum current rating of AP1601 and inductor are
not exceed at the other worst case condition of
maximum input voltage and ON time. Lastly, the
inductor must have sufficiently low DC resistance so
excessive power is not lost as heat in the windings.
But unfortunately this is inversely related to physical
size. Minimum and Maximum input voltage, output
voltage and output current must be established before
and inductor can be selected.

Capacitor Selection

A poor choice for a output capacitor can result in poor
efficiency and high output ripple. Ordinary aluminum
electrolyzers, while inexpensive may have
unacceptably poor ESR and ESL. There are low ESR
aluminum capacitors for switch mode DC-DC
converters which work much better than general
propose unit. Tantalum capacitors provide still better
performance at more expensive. OS-CON capacitors
have extremely low ESR in a small size. If
capacitance is reduced, output ripple will increase.
Most of the input supply is supplied by the input
bypass capacitor. The capacitor voltage rating should
be at least 1.25 times greater than a maximum input
voltage.

Anachip Corp.
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7/9

A

Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Package Information

(1)Package Type: MSOP-8L

D

AP1601

GAGE PLANE

0.25

DETAIL

θ

PIN 1 INDICATOR o0.45

×0.038DP SURFACE POLISHED

A2

A1

e

b

12 (4x)

E1

E

L

DETAIL A

A

C

y

Symbol

A 0.81 1.02 1.22 0.032 0.040 0.048

A1 0.05 - 0.15 0.002 - 0.006

A2 0.76 0.86 0.97 0.030 0.034 0.038

b 0.28 0.30 0.38 0.011 0.012 0.015

C 0.13 0.15 0.23 0.005 0.006 0.009

D 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122

E 4.80 4.90 5.00 0.189 0.193 0.197

E1 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122

e - 0.65 - - 0.0256 -

L 0.40 0.53 0.66 0.016 0.021 0.026

y - - 0.076 - - 0.003

θ

Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches

Min. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.

0º 3º 6º 0º 3º 6º

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Rev. 1.0 Feb. 22, 2005

8/9

Step-Up DC/DC Converter

 Package Information (Continued)

(2)Package Type: MSOP-10L

PIN 1 INDICATOR 0.70
SURFACE POLISHED

E1

D

12 TYP

e

AP1601

E1

GAGE PLANE

L

θ

0.254

DETAIL A

E

R0.1~0.15

DETAIL A

A2

A1

b

A

C

y

Symbol

Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches

Min. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.

A 0.81 1.02 1.22 0.032 0.040 0.048

A1 0.05 - 0.15 0.002 - 0.006

A2 0.76 0.86 0.97 0.030 0.034 0.038

b 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.0059 0.0078 0.0098

C 0.13 0.15 0.23 0.005 0.006 0.009

D 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122

E 4.80 4.90 5.00 0.189 0.193 0.197

E1 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122

e - 0.50 - - 0.0196 -

L 0.40 0.53 0.66 0.016 0.021 0.026

y - - 0.076 - - 0.003

θ

0º 3º 6º 0º 3º 6º

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9/9