Datasheet ADXRS646 Datasheet (ANALOG DEVICES)

Page 1
Vibration Rejecting Yaw Rate Gyroscope
ADXRS646
V
DD
AGND
PGND
AV
CC
ST2 ST1 TEMP V
RATIO
R
OUT
CP1 CP2 CP3 CP4 CP5 SUMJ RATEOUT
DEMOD
180kΩ ±1%
22nF
100nF
22nF
100nF
100nF
100nF
DRIVE
AMP
MECHANICAL
SENSOR
CHARGE PUMP AND VOLTAG E
REGULATOR
C
OUT
6V
6V
3V TO 6V
(ADC REF)
AC
AMP
VGA
25kΩ
@ 25°C
ADXRS646
25kΩ
SELF-TEST
09771-001
Data Sheet

FEATURES

12°/hr bias stability Z-axis (yaw rate) response
0.01°/√sec angle random walk High vibration rejection over wide frequency Measurement range extendable to a maximum of ±450°/sec 10,000 g powered shock survivability Ratiometric to referenced supply 6 V single-supply operation
−40°C to +105°C operation Self-test on digital command Ultrasmall and light (<0.15 cc, <0.5 gram) Temperature sensor output Complete rate gyroscope on a single chip RoHS compliant

APPLICATIONS

Industrial applications Severe mechanical environments Platform stabilization
High Stability, Low Noise

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ADXRS646 is a high performance angular rate sensor (gyroscope) that offers excellent vibration immunity. Bias stability is a widely-recognized figure of merit for high performance gyroscopes, but in real-world applications, vibration sensitivity is often a more significant performance limitation and should be considered in gyroscope selection. The
ADXRS646 offers superior vibration immunity and acceleration
rejection as well as a low bias drift of 12°/hr (typical), enabling it to offer rate sensing in harsh environments where shock and vibration are present.
The ADXRS646 is manufactured using the Analog Devices, Inc., patented high volume BiMOS surface-micromachining process. An advanced, differential, quad sensor design provides the improved acceleration and vibration rejection. The output signal, RATEOUT, is a voltage proportional to angular rate about the axis normal to the top surface of the package. The measurement range is a minimum of ±250°/sec. The output is ratiometric with respect to a provided reference supply. Other external capacitors are required for operation.
A temperature output is provided for compensation techniques. Two digital self-test inputs electromechanically excite the sensor to test proper operation of both the sensor and the signal condi­tioning circuits.
The ADXRS646 is available in a 7 mm × 7 mm × 3 mm CBGA chip-scale package.

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Figure 1.
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com
Page 2
ADXRS646 Data Sheet
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1
Applications ....................................................................................... 1
General Description ......................................................................... 1
Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1
Revision History ............................................................................... 2
Specifications ..................................................................................... 3
Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................ 4
Rate Sensitive Axis ....................................................................... 4
ESD Caution .................................................................................. 4
Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ............................. 5
Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 6

REVISION HISTORY

9/11—Revision 0: Initial Version
Theory of Operation .........................................................................9
Setting Bandwidth .........................................................................9
Temperature Output and Calibration .........................................9
Supply Ratiometricity ................................................................ 10
Null Adjustment ......................................................................... 10
Self-Test Function ...................................................................... 10
Continuous Self-Tes t .................................................................. 10
Modifying the Measurement Range ........................................ 10
Immunity to Vibration .............................................................. 11
Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 12
Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 12
Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 12
Page 3
Data Sheet ADXRS646
Bandwidth
±3 dB user adjustable up to specification
1000
Hz
Input Impedance
ST1 pin or ST2 pin to common
40
50
100
kΩ
Scale Factor4
25°C, V
= 6 V
10 mV/°C
Specified Performance
−40 +105
°C

SPECIFICATIONS

All minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed. Typical specifications are not guaranteed.
= 25°C, VS = AVCC = VDD = 6 V, V
T
A
otherwise noted.
Table 1.
Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit
SENSITIVITY1 Clockwise rotation is positive output
Measurement Range2 Full-scale range over specifications range ±250 ±300 °/sec Initial Temperature Drift3 ±3 % Nonlinearity Best fit straight line 0.01 % of FS
NULL1
Null −40°C to +105°C 2.7 3.0 3.3 V Calibrated Null4 −40°C to +105°C ±0.1 °/sec Temperature Drift3 ±3 °/sec Linear Acceleration Effect Any axis 0.015 °/sec/g Vibration Rectification 25 g rms, 50 Hz to 5 kHz 0.0001 °/sec/g2
NOISE PERFORMANCE
Rate Noise Density TA ≤ 25°C 0.01 °/sec/√Hz Rate Noise Density TA ≤ 105°C 0.015 °/sec/√Hz Resolution Floor
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
5
Sensor Resonant Frequency 15.5 17.5 20 kHz
SELF-TEST1
ST1 RATEOUT Response ST2 RATEOUT Response ST2 pin from Logic 0 to Logic 1 50 °/sec ST1 to ST2 Mismatch6 −5 Logic 1 Input Voltage ST1 pin or ST2 pin 4 V Logic 0 Input Voltage 2 V
= AVCC, angular rate = 0°/sec, bandwidth = 80 Hz (C
RAT IO
= 0.01 µF), I
OUT
= 100 µA, ±1 g, unless
OUT
8.5 9 9.5 mV/°/sec
TA = 25°C, 1 minute to 1 hour in-run
12 °/hr
ST1 pin from Logic 0 to Logic 1 −50 °/sec
±0.5 +5
%
TEMPERATURE SENSOR1
V
at 25°C Load = 10 MΩ 2.8 2.9 3.0 V
OUT
RAT IO
Load to V
S
25 kΩ
Load to Common 25 kΩ TURN-ON TIME4 Power on to ±0.5°/sec of final with CP5 = 100 nF 50 ms OUTPUT DRIVE CAPABILITY
Current Drive For rated specifications 200 µA
Capacitive Load Drive 1000 pF POWER SUPPLY
Operating Voltage (VS) 5.75 6.00 6.25 V
Quiescent Supply Current 4 mA TEMPERATURE RANGE
1
Parameter is linearly ratiometric with V
2
Measurement range is the maximum range possible, including output swing range, initial offset, sensitivity, offset drift, and sensitivity drift at 5 V supplies.
3
From +25°C to −40°C or +25°C to +105°C.
4
Based on characterization.
5
Adjusted by external capacitor, C
6
Self-test mismatch is described as (ST2 + ST1)/((ST2 − ST1)/2).
.
RATIO
. Reducing bandwidth below 0.01 Hz does not result in further noise improvement.
OUT
Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 12
Page 4
ADXRS646 Data Sheet

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Table 2.
Parameter Rating
Acceleration (Any Axis, 0.5 ms)
Unpowered 10,000 g Powered 10,000 g
VDD, AV
CC
V
AVCC
RATIO
−0.3 V to +6.6 V
ST1, ST2 AVCC Output Short-Circuit Duration
Indefinite
(Any Pin to Common) Operating Temperature Range −55°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C
Stresses above those listed under the Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Drops onto hard surfaces can cause shocks of greater than 10,000 g and can exceed the absolute maximum rating of the device. Care should be exercised in handling to avoid damage.

RATE SENSITIVE AXIS

This is a Z-axis rate-sensing device (also called a yaw rate­sensing device). It produces a positive going output voltage for clockwise rotation about the axis normal to the package top, that is, clockwise when looking down at the package lid.
RATE
AXIS
LONGITUDINAL
AXIS
ABCD G
A1
EF
LATERAL AXIS
Figure 2. RATEOUT Signal Increases with Clockwise Rotation
AVCC = 5V
+
7
1
GND
V
RATIO
RATE OUT
4.75V
/2
RATE IN
0.25V

ESD CAUTION

09771-002
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 12
Page 5
Data Sheet ADXRS646
6C, 7C
CP3
Charge Pump Capacitor, 22 nF (±5%).
5F, 5G
ST1
Self-Test for Sensor 1.
09771-003
PGND
ST1
ST2
TEMP
AGND
V
RATIO
DNC SUMJ
RATEOUT
AV
CC
CP2
CP1
CP4
CP3CP5V
DD
G F E D C B A
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
NOTES
1. DNC = DO NOT CONNECT T O THIS PIN.
BOTTOM VIEW

PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS

Figure 3. Pin Configuration
Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin No. Mnemonic Description
6D, 7D CP5 HV Filter Capacitor, 100nF (±5%). 6A, 7B CP4 Charge Pump Capacitor, 22 nF (±5%).
5A, 5B CP1 Charge Pump Capacitor, 22 nF (±5%). 4A, 4B CP2 Charge Pump Capacitor, 22 nF (±5%). 3A, 3B AVCC Positive Analog Supply. 1B, 2A RATEOUT Rate Signal Output. 1C, 2C SUMJ Output Amp Summing Junction. 1D, 2D DNC Do Not Connect to this Pin. 1E, 2E V
Reference Supply for Ratiometric Output.
RAT IO
1F, 2G AGND Analog Supply Return. 3F, 3G TEMP Temperature Voltage Output. 4F, 4G ST2 Self-Test for Sensor 2.
6G, 7F PGND Charge Pump Supply Return. 6E, 7E VDD Positive Charge Pump Supply.
Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 12
Page 6
ADXRS646 Data Sheet
30
0
5
10
15
20
25
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
RATEOUT ( V )
2.75
2.80
2.85
2.90
2.95
3.00
3.05
3.10
3.15
3.20
3.25
09771-004
30
0
5
10
15
20
25
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
DRIFT (°/sec/°C)
–0.30
–0.25
–0.20
–0.15
–0.10
–0.05
0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
09771-005
3.5
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
NULL (V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–60 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
09771-100
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
SENSITIVITY (mV/°/sec)
8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5
09771-010
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
PERCENT DRIFT (%)
–10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
09771-011
1k
100
10
ROOTALLAN DEVIATION (°/Hour rms)
AVERAGING TIME (Seconds)
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1k 100k10k
09771-012

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

N > 1000 for all typical performance plots, unless otherwise noted.
Figure 4. Null Bias at 25°C
Figure 7. Sensitivity at 25°C
Figure 5. Null Drift over Temperature (V
Figure 6. Null Output over Temperature, 16 Parts in Sockets (V
= 5 V)
RATIO
RATIO
= 5 V)
Figure 9. Typical Root Allan Deviation at 25°C vs. Averaging Time
Figure 8. Sensitivity Drift over Temperature
Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 12
Page 7
Data Sheet ADXRS646
25
0
5
10
15
20
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
ST1Δ (mV)
–650
–630
–610
–590
–570
–550
–530
–510
–490
–470
–450
–430
–410
–390
–370
–350
09771-006
–0.30
–0.35
–0.40
–0.45
–0.50
–0.55
–0.60
–0.65
–0.70
–0.75
ST1Δ (V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–60 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
09771-104
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
MISMATCH ( %)
–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4
09771-008
25
0
5
10
15
20
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
ST2Δ (mV)
350
370
390
410
430
450
470
490
510
530
550
570
590
610
630
650
09771-007
0.75
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
ST2Δ (V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–60 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
09771-103
9
–18
–15
–12
–9
–6
–3
0
3
6
0
–90
–80
–70
–60
–50
–40
–30
–20
–10
MAGNITUDE RESPONSE (dB)
PHASE RESPO NS E ( Degrees)
FREQUENCY ( kHz )
0.1 1 10
09771-101
C
OUT
= 470pF
MAGNITUDE
PHASE
Figure 10. ST1 Output Change at 25°C (V
RATIO
= 5 V)
Figure 11. ST1 Output Change vs. Temperature, 16 Parts in Sockets
Figure 13. ST2 Output Change at 25°C (V
RATIO
= 5 V)
Figure 14. ST2 Output Change vs. Temperature, 16 Parts in Sockets
Figure 12. Self-Test Mismatch at 25°C (V
RATIO
= 5 V)
Figure 15. ADXRS646 Frequency Response with a 2.2 kHz Output Filter
Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 12
Page 8
ADXRS646 Data Sheet
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
V
TEMP
OUTPUT (V)
2.70
2.75
2.80
2.85
2.90
2.95
3.00
3.05
3.10
3.15
3.20
3.25
3.30
09771-009
4.5
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
V
TEMP
(V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–100 –50 0 50 100 150
09771-102
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
PERCENT OF POPULATION (%)
CURRENT CONSUMP TION (mA)
2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
09771-013
Figure 16. V
Figure 17. V
Output at 25°C (V
TEMP
Output vs. Temperature
TEMP
RATIO
= 5 V)
Figure 18. Current Consumption at 25°C (V
RATIO
= 5 V)
Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 12
Page 9
Data Sheet ADXRS646
X
Y
Z
09771-015
V
RATIO
V
TEMP
R
FIXEDRTEMP
09771-016

THEORY OF OPERATION

The ADXRS646 operates on the principle of a resonator gyroscope. Figure 19 shows a simplified version of one of four polysilicon sensing structures. Each sensing structure contains a dither frame that is electrostatically driven to resonance. This produces the necessary velocity element to produce a Coriolis force when experiencing angular rate. The
ADXRS646 is designed to sense a Z-axis (yaw) angular rate.
When the sensing structure is exposed to angular rate, the resulting Coriolis force couples into an outer sense frame, which contains movable fingers that are placed between fixed pickoff fingers. This forms a capacitive pickoff structure that senses Coriolis motion. The resulting signal is fed to a series of gain and demodulation stages that produce the electrical rate signal output. The quad sensor design rejects linear and angular acceleration, including external g-forces, shock, and vibration. The rejection is achieved by mechanically coupling the four sensing structures such that external g-forces appear as common-mode signals that can be removed by the fully differential architecture implemented in the ADXRS646.

SETTING BANDWIDTH

The combination of an external capacitor (C on-chip resistor (R
) creates a low-pass filter that limits the
OUT
bandwidth of the ADXRS646 rate response. The −3 dB frequency set by R
= 1/(2 × π × R
f
OUT
and can be well controlled because R
OUT
and C
OUT
OUT
× C
is
OUT
)
OUT
manufacturing to 180 kΩ ± 1%. Any external resistor applied between the RATEOUT pin (1B, 2A) and SUMJ pin (1C, 2C) results in
R
= (180 kΩ × R
OUT
)/(180 kΩ + R
EXT
An additional external filter is often added (in either hardware or software) to attenuate high frequency noise arising from demodulation spikes at the 18 kHz resonant frequency of the gyroscope. An RC output filter consisting of a 3.3 kΩ series resistor and 22 nF shunt capacitor (2.2 kHz pole) is recommended.
) and the
OUT
is trimmed during
)
EXT

TEMPERATURE OUTPUT AND CALIBRATION

It is common practice to temperature-calibrate gyroscopes to improve their overall accuracy. The ADXRS646 has a temperature-dependent voltage output that provides input to such a calibration method. The temperature sensor structure is shown in Figure 20. The temperature output is characteristi­cally nonlinear, and any load resistance connected to the TEMP output results in decreasing the TEMP output and its temperature coefficient. Therefore, buffering the output is recommended.
The voltage at TEMP (3F, 3G) is nominally 2.9 V at 25°C, and V
= 6 V. T he temperature coefficient is 10 mV/°C (typical)
RAT IO
at 25°C; the output response over the full temperature range is shown in Figure 17. Although the TEMP output is highly repeatable, it has only modest absolute accuracy.
Figure 19. Simplified Gyroscope Sensing Structure—One Corner
The electrostatic resonator requires 21 V for operation. Because only 6 V are typically available in most applications, a charge pump is included on chip. If an external 21 V supply is available, the two capacitors on CP1 to CP4 can be omitted, and this supply can be connected to CP5 (Pin 6D, Pin 7D). CP5 should not be grounded when power is applied to the
ADXRS646. No damage occurs, but under certain conditions,
the charge pump may fail to start up after the ground is removed without first removing power from the ADXRS646.
Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 12
Figure 20. Temperature Sensor Structure
Page 10
ADXRS646 Data Sheet

SUPPLY RATIOMETRICITY

The null output voltage (RATEOUT), sensitivity, self-test responses (ST1 and ST2), and temperature output (TEMP) of the ADXRS646 are ratiometric to V
. Therefore, using
RAT IO
the ADXRS646 with a supply-ratiometric ADC results in self­cancellation of errors resulting from minor supply variations. There remains a small, usually negligible, error due to non­ratiometric behavior. Note that, to guarantee full measurement range, V
should not be greater than AVCC.
RAT IO

NULL ADJUSTMENT

The nominal 3.0 V null output voltage is true for a symmetrical swing range at RATEOUT (1B, 2A). However, an asymmetric output swing may be suitable in some applications. Null adjust­ment is possible by injecting a suitable current to SUMJ (1C, 2C). Note that supply disturbances may cause some null instability. Digital supply noise should be avoided, particularly in this case.

SELF-TEST FUNCTION

The ADXRS646 includes a self-test feature that actuates each of the sensing structures and associated electronics in the same manner as if the gyroscope were subjected to angular rate.
Self-test is activated by applying the standard logic high level ST1 pin (5F, 5G), the ST2 pin (4F, 4G), or both. Applying a logic high to Pin ST1 causes the voltage at RATEOUT to change by −450 mV (typical), and applying a logic high to Pin ST2 causes an opposite change of +450 mV (typical). The voltage applied to the ST1 and ST2 pins must never be greater than AV follows the temperature dependence of the viscosity of the package atmosphere, approximately 0.25%/°C.
Activating both ST1 and ST2 simultaneously is not damaging. The output responses generated by ST1 and ST2 are closely matched (±2%), but actuating both simultaneously may result in a small apparent null bias shift proportional to the degree of self-test mismatch.
. The self-test response
CC

CONTINUOUS SELF-TEST

The on-chip integration of the ADXRS646, as well as the mature process with which it is manufactured, have provided the gyroscope with field-proven reliability.
As an additional failure detection measure, self-test can be performed at power-up or occasionally during operation. However, some applications may require continuous self-test while sensing rotation rate. Details outlining continuous self-test techniques are available in the AN-768 Application Note, Using the ADXRS150/ADXRS300 in Continuous Self-Te st Mo d e. Although the title of this application note refers to other Analog Devices gyroscopes, the techniques apply equally to the ADXRS646.

MODIFYING THE MEASUREMENT RANGE

The ADXRS646 scale factor can be reduced to extend the measurement range to as much as ±450°/sec by adding a single 225 kΩ resistor between RATEOUT and SUMJ. If an external resistor is added between RATEOUT and SUMJ, C
must be proportionally increased to maintain correct
OUT
bandwidth.
Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 12
Page 11
Data Sheet ADXRS646
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
0.00001
(°/sec)
2
/ Hz
FREQUENCY ( Hz )
10 100 1k 10k
09771-017
WITH VIBRATION
NO VIBRATION
0.12
–0.04
–0.02
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
(°/sec)
FREQUENCY ( Hz )
10 100 1k 10k
09771-018

IMMUNITY TO VIBRATION

Gyroscopes are designed to respond only to rotation. However, all gyroscopes respond to linear motion as well, to varying degrees. While bias stability is often used as the primary figure of merit for evaluating high performance gyroscopes, many additional error sources are present in real-world applications. Especially in applications that require motion sensors, vibration and acceleration are present, and the resulting errors often overwhelm bias drift.
Its differential, quad-sensor design makes the ADXRS646 inherently resistant to vibration, without the need for compensation. The excellent vibration immunity of the
ADXRS646 is demonstrated in Figure 21 and Figure 22.
Figure 21 shows the ADXRS646 output response with and without random 15 g rms vibration applied at 20 Hz to 2 kHz. Performance is similar regardless of the direction of input vibration.
To further improve immunity to vibration and acceleration, some g-sensitivity compensation can be performed using an accelerometer. This technique is most successful when the response to vibration is constant regardless of vibration frequency. Figure 22 demonstrates the ADXRS646 dc bias response to a 5 g sinusoidal vibration over the 20 Hz to 5 kHz range. This figure shows that there are no sensitive frequencies present and that vibration rectification is vanishingly small. Accordingly, g-sensitivity compensation using an accelerometer is possible where needed, but the inherent device performance is sufficient for many applications.
Figure 22. ADXRS646 Sine Vibration Output Response (5 g, 20 Hz to 5 kHz);
Gyroscope Bandwidth Set to 1600 Hz
Figure 21. ADXRS646 Output Response With and Without Random Vibration
(15 g RMS, 20 Hz to 2 kHz); Gyroscope Bandwidth Set to 1600 Hz
Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 12
Page 12
ADXRS646 Data Sheet
3

OUTLINE DIMENSIONS

A1 BALL CORNER
7.05
6.85 SQ
6.70
4.80
BSC SQ
0.80
BSC
76543
21
*
A B C D E F
G
A1 CORNER INDEX AREA
.80 MAX
TOP VIEW
DETAIL A
0.60 MAX
0.25 MIN
SEATING
PLANE
*
BALL A1 IDENTIFIER IS GOLD PLATED AND CONNECTED
TO THE D/A PAD INTERNALLY VIA HOLES.
BOTTOM VIEW
DETAIL A
0.60
0.55
0.50
BALL DIAMETER
3.20 MAX
2.50 MIN
COPLANARITY
0.15
10-26-2009-B
Figure 23. 32-Lead Ceramic Ball Grid Array [CBGA]
(BG-32-3)
Dimensions shown in millimeters

ORDERING GUIDE

Model1 Temperature Range Package Description Package Option
ADXRS646BBGZ –40°C to +105°C 32-Lead Ceramic Ball Grid Array [CBGA] BG-32-3 ADXRS646BBGZ-RL –40°C to +105°C 32-Lead Ceramic Ball Grid Array [CBGA] BG-32-3 EVAL-ADXRS646Z Evaluation Board
1
Z = RoHS Compliant Part.
©2011 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
D09771-0-9/11(0)
Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 12
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