15.6 dB @ 1900 MHz
Voltage conversion gain: ~4 dB
Quadrature demodulation accuracy
Phase accuracy: ~0.2°
Amplitude balance: ~0.05 dB
Demodulation bandwidth: ~370 MHz
Baseband I/Q drive: 2 V p-p into 200 Ω
Single 5 V supply
700 MHz to 2.7 GHz
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 1.
APPLICATIONS
Cellular W-CDMA/CDMA/CDMA2000/GSM
Microwave point-to-(multi)point radios
Broadband wireless and WiMAX
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADL5382 is a broadband quadrature I-Q demodulator that
covers an RF input frequency range from 700 MHz to 2.7 GHz.
With a NF = 14 dB, IP1dB = 14.7 dBm, and IIP3 = 33.5 dBm at
900 MHz, the ADL5382 demodulator offers outstanding dynamic
range suitable for the demanding infrastructure direct-conversion
requirements. The differential RF inputs provide a well-behaved
broadband input impedance of 50 Ω and are best driven from a
1:1 balun for optimum performance.
Excellent demodulation accuracy is achieved with amplitude and
phase balances ~0.05 dB and ~0.2°, respectively. The demodulated
in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) differential outputs are fully
buffered and provide a voltage conversion gain of ~4 dB. The
buffered baseband outputs are capable of driving a 2 V p-p
differential signal into 200 Ω.
The fully balanced design minimizes effects from second-order
distortion. The leakage from the LO port to the RF port is
<−65 dBc. Differential dc offsets at the I and Q outputs are typically
<10 mV. Both of these factors contribute to the excellent IIP2
specifications which is >60 dBm.
The ADL5382 operates off a single 4.75 V to 5.25 V supply. The
supply current is adjustable with an external resistor from the
BIAS pin to ground.
The ADL5382 is fabricated using the Analog Devices, Inc.,
advanced Silicon-Germanium bipolar process and is available
in a 24-lead exposed paddle LFCSP.
responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other
rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781.329.4700
www.analog.com
Page 2
ADL5382 Data Sheet
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1
= 3°C/W to Table 2......................................................... 5
JC
Rev. A | Page 2 of 28
Page 3
Data Sheet ADL5382
OPERATING CONDITIONS
Quadrature Phase Error
At 900 MHz
0.2 Degrees
Output Swing
Differential 200 Ω load
2
V p-p
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE at RF = 900 MHz
Input P1dB
14.4 dBm
SPECIFICATIONS
VS = 5 V, TA = 25°C, fLO = 900 MHz, fIF = 4.5 MHz, PLO = 0 dBm, BIAS pin open, ZO = 50 Ω, unless otherwise noted. Baseband outputs
differentially loaded with 450 Ω. Loss of the balun used to drive the RF port was de-embedded from these measurements.
Table 1.
Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Unit
LO and RF Frequency Range 0.7 2.7 GHz
LO INPUT LOIP, LOIN
Input Return Loss LO driven differentially through a balun at 900 MHz −11 dB
LO Input Level −6 0 +6 dBm
I/Q BASEBAND OUTPUTS QHI, QLO, IHI, ILO
Voltage Conversion Gain 450 Ω differential load on I and Q outputs at 900 MHz 3.9 dB
200 Ω differential load on I and Q outputs at 900 MHz 3.0 dB
Demodulation Bandwidth 1 V p-p signal, 3 dB bandwidth 370 MHz
I/Q Amplitude Imbalance 0.05 dB
Output DC Offset (Differential) 0 dBm LO input at 900 MHz ±5 mV
Output Common Mode VPOS − 2.8 V
0.1 dB Gain Flatness 50 MHz
Peak Output Current Each pin 12 mA
POWER SUPPLIES VPA, VPL, VPB, VPX
Voltage 4.75 5.25 V
Current BIAS pin open 220 mA
R
Conversion Gain 3.9 dB
Input P1dB 14.7 dBm
Second-Order Input Intercept (IIP2) −5 dBm each input tone 73 dBm
Third-Order Input Intercept (IIP3) −5 dBm each input tone 33.5 dBm
LO to RF RFIN, RFIP terminated in 50 Ω −92 dBm
RF to LO LOIN, LOIP terminated in 50 Ω −89 dBc
IQ Magnitude Imbalance 0.05 dB
IQ Phase Imbalance 0.2 Degrees
LO to IQ RFIN, RFIP terminated in 50 Ω −43 dBm
Noise Figure 14.0 dB
Noise Figure under Blocking Conditions With a −5 dBm interferer 5 MHz away 19.9 dB
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE at RF = 1900 MHz
Conversion Gain 3.9 dB
Second-Order Input Intercept (IIP2) −5 dBm each input tone 65 dBm
Third-Order Input Intercept (IIP3) −5 dBm each input tone 30.5 dBm
LO to RF RFIN, RFIP terminated in 50 Ω −71 dBm
RF to LO LOIN, LOIP terminated in 50 Ω −78 dBc
IQ Magnitude Imbalance 0.05 dB
IQ Phase Imbalance 0.2 Degrees
LO to IQ RFIN, RFIP terminated in 50 Ω −41 dBm
Noise Figure 15.6 dB
Noise Figure under Blocking Conditions With a −5 dBm interferer 5 MHz away 20.5 dB
= 4 kΩ 196 mA
BIAS
Rev. A | Page 3 of 28
Page 4
ADL5382 Data Sheet
Third-Order Input Intercept (IIP3)
−5 dBm each input tone
28.3 dBm
Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Unit
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE at RF = 2700 MHz RFIP, RFIN
Conversion Gain 3.3 dB
Input P1dB 14.5 dBm
Second-Order Input Intercept (IIP2) −5 dBm each input tone 52 dBm
LO to RF RFIN, RFIP terminated in 50 Ω, 1xLO appearing at RF port −70 dBm
RF to LO LOIN, LOIP terminated in 50 Ω −55 dBc
IQ Magnitude Imbalance 0.16 dB
IQ Phase Imbalance 0.1 Degrees
LO to IQ RFIN, RFIP terminated in 50 Ω, 1xLO appearing at BB port −42 dBm
Noise Figure 17.6 dB
Rev. A | Page 4 of 28
Page 5
Data Sheet ADL5382
Operating Temperature Range
−40°C to +85°C
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2.
Parameter Rating
Supply Voltage (VPA, VPL, VPB, VPX) 5.5 V
LO Input Power 13 dBm (re: 50 Ω)
RF Input Power 15 dBm (re: 50 Ω)
Internal Maximum Power Dissipation 1230 mW
θJA 54°C/W
θJC 3°C/W
Maximum Junction Temperature 150°C
Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +125°C
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
ESD CAUTION
Rev. A | Page 5 of 28
Page 6
ADL5382 Data Sheet
1
24
CMRF CMRF RFIP
ADL5382
TOP VIEW
(Not to S cale)
RFIN CMRF VPX
CML
VPA
COM
BIAS
VPL
VPL
VPL
VPB
VPB
QHI
QLO
IHI
ILO
LOIP LOIN CML CML COM
2322212019
789101112
2
3
4
5
6
18
17
16
15
14
13
07208-002
NOTES
1. CONNECT THE E X P OSED PAD TO A LOW IMP E DANCE
THERMAL AND ELECTRICAL GROUND PLANE.
1, 4 to 6,
VPA, VPL, VPB, VPX
Supply. Positive supply for LO, IF, biasing, and baseband sections. These pins should be decoupled
PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Figure 2. Pin Configuration
Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin No. Mnemonic Description
17 to 19
2, 7, 10 to 12,
COM, CML, CMRF Ground. Connect to a low impedance ground plane.
to the board ground using appropriate-sized capacitors.
20, 23, 24
3 BIAS Bias Control. A resistor (R
) can be connected between BIAS and COM to reduce the mixer core
BIAS
current. The default setting for this pin is open.
8, 9 LOIP, LOIN Local Oscillator Input. Pins must be ac-coupled. A differential drive through a balun (recommended
balun is the M/A-COM ETC1-1-13) is necessary to achieve optimal performance.
13 to 16 ILO, IHI, QLO, QHI I Channel and Q Channel Mixer Baseband Outputs. These outputs have a 50 Ω differential output
impedance (25 Ω per pin). The bias level on these pins is equal to VPOS − 2.8 V. Each output pair can
swing 2 V p-p (differential) into a load of 200 Ω. Output 3 dB bandwidth is 370 MHz.
21, 22 RFIN, RFIP RF Input. A single-ended 50 Ω signal can be applied to the RF inputs through a 1:1 balun (recommended
balun is the M/A-COM ETC1-1-13). Ground-referenced inductors must also be connected to RFIP and
RFIN (recommended values = 33 nH).
EP Exposed Paddle. Connect to a low impedance thermal and electrical ground plane.
= open, RF input balun loss is de-embedded, unless otherwise noted.
BIAS
Figure 3. Conversion Gain and Input IP1 dB Compression Point (IP1dB) vs.
RF Frequency
Figure 4. Input Third-Order Intercept (IIP3) and
Input Second-Order Intercept Point (IIP2) vs. RF Frequency
Figure 6. Normalized IQ Baseband Frequency Response
Figure 7. Noise Figure vs. RF Frequency
Figure 5. IQ Gain Mismatch vs. RF Frequency
Figure 8. IQ Quadrature Phase Error vs. RF Frequency
Rev. A | Page 7 of 28
Page 8
ADL5382 Data Sheet
0
5
10
15
20
–6 –5 –4
–3 –2 –1 0123456
20
35
50
65
80
IIP3, IIP2 (dBm)
GAIN
IIP3
NOISE FIGURE
IP1dB
IIP2, I CHANNEL
IIP2, Q CHANNEL
07208-009
LO LEVEL (dBm)
GAIN (dB), IP1dB (dBm), NOISE FIGURE (dB)
INPUT IP3
NOISE FIGURE
SUPPLY CURRENT
10
14
18
22
26
30
34
110100
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
07208-010
R
BIAS
(kΩ)
IIP3 (d Bm) AND NOISE FI GURE (dB)
T
A
= –40°C
T
A
= +25°C
T
A
= +85°C
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
–30–25–20–15–10–505
07208-011
RF BLOCKER INPUT POW E R ( dBm)
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
900MHz
1900MHz
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
15
25
35
45
55
65
75
0
20
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –10123456
IIP3, IIP2 (dBm)
GAIN
IIP3
NOISE FIGURE
IIP2, I CHANNEL
IIP2, Q CHANNEL
07208-012
LO LEVEL (dBm)
GAIN (dB), IP1dB (dBm), NOISE FIGURE (dB)
IP1dB
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
INPUT IP3
NOISE FIGURE
110100
07208-013
R
BIAS
(kΩ)
IIP3 (d Bm) AND NOISE FI GURE (dB)
TA = –40°C
T
A
= +25°C
T
A
= +85°C
110100
07208-014
R
BIAS
(kΩ)
GAIN (dB) , IP1dB (d Bm) ,
IIP2 I AND Q CHANNEL (dBm)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
900MHz: GAIN
900MHz: IP1d B
900MHz: IIP 2, I CHANNEL
900MHz: IIP 2, Q CHANNEL
1900MHz: GAIN
1900MHz: IP1d B
1900MHz: IIP 2, I CHANNEL
1900MHz: IIP 2, Q CHANNEL
Figure 9. Conversion Gain, IP1dB, Noise Figure, IIP3, and IIP2 vs.
LO Level, f
Figure 10. IIP3, Noise Figure, and Supply Current vs. R
= 900 MHz
RF
, fRF = 900 MHz
BIAS
Figure 12. Conversion Gain, IP1dB, Noise Figure, IIP3, and IIP2 vs.
LO Level, f
Figure 13. IIP3 and Noise Figure vs. R
= 1900 MHz
RF
, fRF = 1900 MHz
BIAS
Figure 11. Noise Figure vs. Input Blocker Level, f
(RF Blocker 5 MHz Offset)
= 900 MHz, 1900 MHz
RF
Rev. A | Page 8 of 28
Figure 14. Conversion Gain, IP1dB, IIP2_I, and IIP2_Q vs.
The ADL5382 can be divided into five sections: the local
oscillator (LO) interface, the RF voltage-to-current (V-to-I)
converter, the mixers, the differential emitter follower outputs,
and the bias circuit. A detailed block diagram of the device is
shown in Figure 39.
Figure 39. Block Diagram
The LO interface generates two LO signals at 90° of phase
difference to drive two mixers in quadrature. RF signals are
converted into currents by the V-to-I converters that feed into
the two mixers. The differential I and Q outputs of the mixers
are buffered via emitter followers. Reference currents to each
section are generated by the bias circuit. A detailed description
of each section follows.
LO INTERFACE
The LO interface consists of a polyphase quadrature splitter
followed by a limiting amplifier. The LO input impedance is set
by the polyphase, which splits the LO signal into two differential
signals in quadrature. Each quadrature LO signal then passes
through a limiting amplifier that provides the mixer with a
limited drive signal. For optimal performance, the LO inputs
must be driven differentially.
V-TO-I CONVERTER
The differential RF input signal is applied to a resistively
degenerated common base stage, which converts the differential
input voltage to output currents. The output currents then
modulate the two half frequency LO carriers in the mixer stage.
MIXERS
The ADL5382 has two double-balanced mixers: one for the
in-phase channel (I channel) and one for the quadrature channel
(Q channel). These mixers are based on the Gilbert cell design
of four cross-connected transistors. The output currents from
the two mixers are summed together in the resistive loads that
then feed into the subsequent emitter follower buffers.
EMITTER FOLLOWER BUFFERS
The output emitter followers drive the differential I and Q
signals off-chip. The output impedance is set by on-chip 25 Ω
series resistors that yield a 50 Ω differential output impedance
for each baseband port. The fixed output impedance forms a
voltage divider with the load impedance that reduces the effective
gain. For example, a 500 Ω differential load has 1 dB lower
effective gain than a high (10 kΩ) differential load impedance.
BIAS CIRCUIT
A band gap reference circuit generates the proportional-toabsolute temperature (PTAT) as well as temperature-independent
reference currents used by different sections. The mixer current
can be reduced via an external resistor between the BIAS pin
and ground. When the BIAS pin is open, the mixer runs at
maximum current and therefore the greatest dynamic range.
The mixer current can be reduced by placing a resistance to
ground; therefore, reducing overall power consumption, noise
figure, and IIP3. The effect on each of these parameters is
shown in Figure 10, Figure 13, and Figure 14.
Rev. A | Page 13 of 28
Page 14
ADL5382 Data Sheet
LO INPUT
ETC1-1-13
LOIP
LOIN
1000pF
8
1000pF
07208-040
9
33nH33nH
100pF100pF0.1µF
100pF
1000pF
0.1µF
0.1µF
V
POS
V
POS
LO
V
POS
1
ADL5382
CMRF
CMRF
RFIP
RFIN
CMRF
VPX
CML
LOIP
LOIN
CML
CML
COM
2423 22212019
789101112
2
3
4
5
6
VPA
COM
BIAS
VPL
VPL
VPL
18
17
16
15
14
13
VPB
QHI
QLO
IHI
ILO
VPB
QHI
QLO
IHI
ILO
1000pF
RFC
07208-041
ETC1-1-13
1000pF
1000pF
ETC1-1-13
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
BASIC CONNECTIONS
Figure 41 shows the basic connections schematic for the ADL5382.
POWER SUPPLY
The nominal voltage supply for the ADL5382 is 5 V and is
applied to the VPA, VPB, VPL, and VPX pins. Ground should
be connected to the COM, CML, and CMRF pins. The exposed
paddle on the underside of the package should also be soldered
to a low thermal and electrical impedance ground plane. If the
ground plane spans multiple layers on the circuit board, these
layers should be stitched together with nine vias under the
exposed paddle. The Application Note AN-772 discusses the
thermal and electrical grounding of the LFCSP in detail. Each
of the supply pins should be decoupled using two capacitors;
recommended capacitor values are 100 pF and 0.1 µF.
LOCAL OSCILLATOR (LO) INPUT
For optimum performance, the LO port should be driven
differentially through a balun. The recommended balun is
the M/A-COM ETC1-1-13. The LO inputs to the device should
be ac-coupled with 1000 pF capacitors. The LO port is designed
for a broadband 50 Ω match from 700 MHz to 2.7 GHz. The
LO return loss can be seen in Figure 20. Figure 40 shows the LO
input configuration.
Figure 40. Differential LO Drive
The recommended LO drive level is between −6 dBm and +6 dBm.
The applied LO frequency range is between 700 MHz and 2.7 GHz.
Figure 41. Basic Connections Schematic
Rev. A | Page 14 of 28
Page 15
Data Sheet ADL5382
RF INPUT
RFIN
ETC1-1-13
33nH
33nH
RFIP
1000pF
1000pF
21
22
07208-042
–10
–12
–14
–16
–18
–20
–22
–24
0.7 0.9 1.11.5 1.71.31.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9
S11 (dB)
FREQUENCY ( GHz)
07208-043
QHI
QLO
IHI
ILO
QHI
QLO
IHI
ILO
16
15
14
13
07208-044
RF INPUT
The RF inputs have a differential input impedance of
approximately 50 Ω. For optimum performance, the RF port
should be driven differentially through a balun. The recommended
balun is the M/A-COM ETC1-1-13. The RF inputs to the device
should be ac-coupled with 1000 pF capacitors. Ground-referenced
choke inductors must also be connected to RFIP and RFIN (the
recommended value is 33 nH, Coilcraft 0603CS-33NX) for
appropriate biasing. Several important aspects must be taken
into account when selecting an appropriate choke inductor for
this application. First, the inductor must be able to handle the
approximately 40 mA of standing dc current being delivered
from each of the RF input pins (RFIP, RFIN). The suggested
0603 inductor has a 600 mA current rating. The purpose of the
choke inductors is to provide a very low resistance dc path to
ground and high ac impedance at the RF frequency so as not to
affect the RF input impedance. A choke inductor that has a selfresonant frequency greater than the RF input frequency ensures
that the choke is still looking inductive and therefore has a more
predictable ac impedance (jωL) at the RF frequency. Figure 42
shows the RF input configuration.
The differential RF port return loss is characterized as shown in
Figure 43.
Figure 43. Differential RF Port Return Loss
BASEBAND OUTPUTS
The baseband outputs QHI, QLO, IHI, and ILO are fixed
impedance ports. Each baseband pair has a 50 Ω differential
output impedance. The outputs can be presented with differential
loads as low as 200 Ω (with some degradation in gain) or high
impedance differential loads (500 Ω or greater impedance yields
the same excellent linearity) that is typical of an ADC. The
TCM9-1 9:1 balun converts the differential IF output to singleended. When loaded with 50 Ω, this balun presents a 450 Ω
load to the device. The typical maximum linear voltage swing
for these outputs is 2 V p-p differential. The bias level on these
pins is equal to VPOS − 2.8 V. The output 3 dB bandwidth is
370 MHz. Figure 44 shows the baseband output configuration.
Figure 42. RF Input
Figure 44. Baseband Output Configuration
Rev. A | Page 15 of 28
Page 16
ADL5382 Data Sheet
–50
–45
–40
–35
–30
–25
–20
–15
–10
–5
0
–65–85–75–55–45–35
–25–15–5
07208-045
RF INPUT P OWER (dBm)
EVM (dB)
–50
–45
–40
–35
–30
–25
–20
–15
–10
–5
0
–65 –60 –55 –50 –45 –40
–35 –30 –25 –20 –15 –10 –5 0 5 10
07208-046
RF INPUT P OWER (dBm)
EVM (dB)
–50
–45
–40
–35
–30
–25
–20
–15
–10
–5
0
–75 –70 –65 –60 –55 –50 –45 –40 –35 –30
–25 –20 –15 –10 –5
0Hz
7.5MHz
5MHz
07208-047
RF INPUT P OWER (dBm)
EVM (dB)
2.5MHz
ERROR VECTOR MAGNITUDE (EVM) PERFORMANCE
EVM is a measure used to quantify the performance of a digital
radio transmitter or receiver. A signal received by a receiver
would have all constellation points at the ideal locations; however,
various imperfections in the implementation (such as magnitude
imbalance, noise floor, and phase imbalance) cause the actual
constellation points to deviate from the ideal locations.
The ADL5382 shows excellent EVM performance for various
modulation schemes. Figure 45 shows the EVM performance of
the ADL5382 with a 16 QAM, 200 kHz low IF.
Figure 45. EVM, RF = 900 MHz, IF = 200 kHz vs.
RF Input Power for a 16 QAM 160 ksym/s Signal
Figure 46 shows the zero-IF EVM performance of a 10 MHz
IEEE 802.16e WiMAX signal through the ADL5382. The
differential dc offsets on the ADL5382 are in the order of a few
millivolts. However, ac coupling the baseband outputs with
10 µF capacitors eliminates dc offsets and enhances EVM
performance. With a 10 MHz BW signal, 10 µF ac coupling
capacitors with the 500 Ω differential load results in a high-pass
corner frequency of ~64 Hz, which absorbs an insignificant
amount of modulated signal energy from the baseband signal.
By using ac-coupling capacitors at the baseband outputs, the dc
offset effects, which can limit dynamic range at low input power
levels, can be eliminated.
Figure 46. EVM, RF = 2.6 GHz, IF = 0 Hz vs. RF Input Power for a 16 QAM
10 MHz Bandwidth Mobile WiMAX Signal (AC-Coupled Baseband Outputs)
Figure 47 exhibits multiple W-CDMA low-IF EVM
performance curves over a wide RF input power range into the
ADL5382. In the case of zero-I F, t he noise contribution by the
vector signal analyzer becomes predominant at lower power
levels, making it difficult to measure SNR accurately.
Figure 47. EVM, RF = 1900 MHz, IF = 0 Hz, 2.5 MHz, 5 MHz, and 7.5 MHz vs. RF
Input Power for a W-CDMA Signal (AC-Coupled Baseband Outputs)
Rev. A | Page 16 of 28
Page 17
Data Sheet ADL5382
0°
0°
SIN
ω
LO
t
COS
ω
LO
t
ω
IF
ω
IF
ω
LSB
ω
USB
–
ω
IF
0+
ω
IF
0+
ω
IF
0+
ω
IF
–
ω
IF
0+
ω
IF
ω
LO
–90°
+90°
07208-048
700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300
2500 2700
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
07208-049
RF FREQUE NCY ( M Hz )
IMAGE REJE CTION (dB)
2.5MHz LOW IF
5MHz LOW IF
7.5MHz LOW IF
Figure 48. Illustration of the Image Problem
LOW IF IMAGE REJECTION
The image rejection ratio is the ratio of the intermediate frequency
(IF) signal level produced by the desired input frequency to that
produced by the image frequency. The image rejection ratio is
expressed in decibels. Appropriate image rejection is critical
because the image power can be much higher than that of the
desired signal, thereby plaguing the down conversion process.
Figure 48 illustrates the image problem. If the upper sideband
(lower sideband) is the desired band, a 90° shift to the Q channel
(I channel) cancels the image at the lower sideband (upper
sideband). Phase and gain balance between I and Q channels
are critical for high levels of image rejection.
Figure 49 shows the excellent image rejection capabilities of
the ADL5382 for low IF applications, such as W-CDMA. The
ADL5382 exhibits image rejection greater than 45 dB over a
broad frequency range.
Figure 49. Image Rejection vs. RF Frequency for a W-CDMA Signal,
IF = 2.5 MHz, 5 MHz, and 7.5 MHz
EXAMPLE BASEBAND INTERFACE
In most direct conversion receiver designs, it is desirable to
select a wanted carrier within a specified band. The desired
channel can be demodulated by tuning the LO to the appropriate
carrier frequency. If the desired RF band contains multiple
carriers of interest, the adjacent carriers would also be down
converted to a lower IF frequency. These adjacent carriers can
be problematic if they are large relative to the wanted carrier as
they can overdrive the baseband signal detection circuitry. As a
result, it is often necessary to insert a filter to provide sufficient
rejection of the adjacent carriers.
It is necessary to consider the overall source and load impedance
presented by the ADL5382 and ADC input to design the filter
network. The differential baseband output impedance of the
ADL5382 is 50 Ω. The ADL5382 is designed to drive a high
impedance ADC input. It may be desirable to terminate the
ADC input down to lower impedance by using a terminating
resistor, such as 500 Ω. The terminating resistor helps to better
define the input impedance at the ADC input at the cost of a
slightly reduced gain (see the Circuit Description section for
details on the emitter-follower output loading effects). The order
and type of filter network depends on the desired high frequency
rejection required, pass-band ripple, and group delay. Filter
design tables provide outlines for various filter types and orders,
illustrating the normalized inductor and capacitor values for a
1 Hz cutoff frequency and 1 Ω load. After scaling the normalized
prototype element values by the actual desired cut-off frequency
and load impedance, the series reactance elements are halved to
realize the final balanced filter network component values.
Rev. A | Page 17 of 28
Page 18
ADL5382 Data Sheet
V
S
R
S
2
R
S
R
L
R
S
2
R
L
2
R
L
2
433pF
V
S
RS = 50Ω
R
L
= 500Ω
0.54µH
0.27µH
0.27µH
433pF
BALANCED
CONFIGURATION
DENORMALIZED
SINGLE-ENDED
EQUIVALENT
V
S
RS = 50Ω
= 0.1
R
L
= 500Ω
L
N
= 0.074H
C
N
14.814F
NORMALIZED
SINGLE-ENDED
CONFIGURATION
= 25Ω
= 25Ω
= 250Ω
= 250Ω
f
C
= 10.9MHz
f
C
= 1Hz
07208-050
10
5
–20
–15
–10
–5
0
03.53.02.52.01.51.00.5
MAGNITUDE RESPONSE (dB)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
07208-051
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
00.20.40.60.8 1.01.21.41.61.8
DELAY (ns)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
07208-052
As an example, a second-order Butterworth, low-pass filter
design is shown in Figure 50 where the differential load impedance
is 500 Ω and the source impedance of the ADL5382 is 50 Ω. The
normalized series inductor value for the 10-to-1, load-to-source
impedance ratio is 0.074 H, and the normalized shunt capacitor
is 14.814 F. For a 10.9 MHz cutoff frequency, the single-ended
equivalent circuit consists of a 0.54 µH series inductor followed
by a 433 pF shunt capacitor.
The balanced configuration is realized as the 0.54 µH inductor
is split in half to realize the network shown in Figure 50.
Figure 51 and Figure 52 show the measured frequency response
and group delay of the filter.
Figure 50. Second-Order Butterworth, Low-Pass Filter Design Example
A complete design example is shown in Figure 53. A sixth-order
Butterworth differential filter having a 1.9 MHz corner frequency
interfaces the output of the ADL5382 to that of an ADC input.
The 500 Ω load resistor defines the input impedance of the
ADC. The filter adheres to typical direct conversion W-CDMA
applications, where 1.92 MHz away from the carrier IF frequency,
1 dB of rejection is desired and 2.7 MHz away 10 dB of rejection
is desired.
Figure 51. Sixth-Order Baseband Filter Response
Figure 52. Sixth-Order Baseband Filter Group Delay
As the load impedance of the filter increases, the filter design
becomes more challenging in terms of meeting the required
rejection and pass band specifications. In the previous WCDMA example, the 500 Ω load impedance resulted in the
design of a sixth-order filter that has relatively large inductor
values and small capacitor values. If the load impedance is 200 Ω,
the filter design becomes much more manageable. As shown in
Figure 54, the resultant inductor and capacitor values become
much more practical.
Figure 56. Fourth-Order Low-Pass W-CDMA Filter Group Delay Response
Rev. A | Page 20 of 28
Page 21
Data Sheet ADL5382
CHARACTERIZATION SETUPS
Figure 57 to Figure 59 show the general characterization bench
setups used extensively for the ADL5382. The setup shown in
Figure 59 was used to do the bulk of the testing and used
sinusoidal signals on both the LO and RF inputs. An automated
Agilent VEE program was used to control the equipment over
the IEEE bus. This setup was used to measure gain, IP1dB, IIP2,
IIP3, I/Q gain match, and quadrature error. The ADL5382
characterization board had a 9-to-1 impedance transformer on
each of the differential baseband ports to do the differential-tosingle-ended conversion, which presented a 450 Ω differential load
to each baseband port, when interfaced with 50 Ω test equipment.
For all measurements of the ADL5382, the loss of the RF input
balun (the M/A-COM ETC1-1-13 was used on RF input during
characterization) was de-embedded.
SNS
CONTROL
OUTPUT
The two setups shown in Figure 57 and Figure 58 were used for
making NF measurements. Figure 57 shows the setup for
measuring NF with no blocker signal applied while Figure 58
was used to measure NF in the presence of a blocker. For both
setups, the noise was measured at a baseband frequency of
10 MHz. For the case where a blocker was applied, the output
blocker was at a 15 MHz baseband frequency. Note that great
care must be taken when measuring NF in the presence of a
blocker. The RF blocker generator must be filtered to prevent its
noise (which increases with increasing generator output power)
from swamping the noise contribution of the ADL5382. At least
30 dB of attention at the RF and image frequencies is desired.
For example, assume a 915 MHz signal applied to the LO inputs of
the ADL5382. To obtain a 15 MHz output blocker signal, the RF
blocker generator is set to 930 MHz and the filters tuned such
that there is at least 30 dB of attenuation from the generator at
both the desired RF frequency (925 MHz) and the image RF
frequency (905 MHz). Finally, the blocker must be removed
from the output (by the 10 MHz low-pass filter) to prevent the
blocker from swamping the analyzer.
AGILENT N8974A
NOISE FI GURE ANALYZE R
Q
I
IEEE
R1
50Ω
FROM SNS PORT
LOW-PASS
FILTER
INPUT
PC CONTR OLLE R
IEEE
07208-057
HP 6235A
POWER SUPPLY
AGILENT 8665B
SIGNAL GE NERATOR
RF
GND
ADL5382
CHAR BOARD
V
POS
LO
6dB PAD
Figure 57. General Noise Figure Measurement Setup
Rev. A | Page 21 of 28
Page 22
ADL5382 Data Sheet
R&S FSEA30
SPECTRUM ANAL Y ZER
HP 6235A
POWER SUPPLY
AGILENT 8665B
SIGNAL GENERATOR
LOW-PASS
FILTER
R&S SMT03
SIGNAL GENERATOR
ADL5382
CHAR BOARD
RF
LO
Q
I
GND
V
POS
6dB PAD
6dB PAD
6dB PAD
R1
50Ω
BAND-PASS
CAVITY FILTER
BAND-PASS
TUNABLE FILTER
BAND-REJECT
TUNABLE FILTER
HP87405
LOW NOISE
PREAMP
07208-058
R&S FSEA30
SPECTRUM ANAL Y ZER
HP 8508A
VECTOR VOLTMETER
R&S SMT06
AGILENT E3631
PWER SUPPLY
AGILENT E8257D
SIGNAL GENERATOR
PC CONTROLLER
R&S SMT06
IEEEIEEEIEEEIEEE
IEEE
IEEE
ADL5382
CHAR BOARD
RF
LO
Q
I
GND
V
POS
6dB PAD
6dB PAD
6dB PAD
6dB PAD
SWITCH
MATRIX
RF
AMPLIFIER
VP GND
OUTIN
3dB PAD
3dB PAD
3dB PAD
3dB PAD
RF
RF
AGILENT
11636A
INPUT CHANNEL S
A AND B
RF
INPUT
IEEE
07208-059
Figure 58. Measurement Setup for Noise Figure in the Presence of a Blocker
Figure 59. General Characterization Setup
Rev. A | Page 22 of 28
Page 23
Data Sheet ADL5382
RFC
C11
C8
R14
R16
R10
C12
R15
T2
T3
R9
R11
C9
C10
C2C1
C3C4
R1
R2
VPOS
VPOS
LO
C7C6
V
POS
T1
T4
1
ADL5382
CMRF
CMRF
RFIP
RFIN
CMRF
VPX
CML
LOIP
LOIN
CML
CML
COM
2423 22212019
789101112
2
3
4
5
6
VPA
COM
BIAS
VPL
VPL
VPL
18
17
16
15
14
13
VPB
Q OUTPUT OR QHI
QLO
I OUTPUT OR IHI
ILO
VPB
QHI
QLO
IHI
ILO
R8R7
L2L1
R6
R3
R4
R13
C13
R5
R12
07208-060
EVALUATION BOARD
The ADL5382 evaluation board is available. The board can be
used for single-ended or differential baseband analysis. The default
configuration of the board is for single-ended baseband analysis.
Figure 60. Evaluation Board Schematic
Rev. A | Page 23 of 28
Page 24
ADL5382 Data Sheet
Table 4. Evaluation Board Configuration Options
Component Function Default Condition
VPOS, GND Power Supply and Ground Vector Pins. Not applicable
R1, R3, R6 Power Supply Decoupling. Shorts or power supply decoupling resistors. R1, R3, R6 = 0 Ω (0603)
C1, C2, C3,
C4, C8, C9
C6, C7,
C10, C11
R4, R5,
R9 to R16
The user can reconfigure the board to use full differential baseband outputs. R9 to R12
L1, L2,
R7, R8
T2, T3 IF Output Interface. TCM9-1 converts a differential high impedance IF output to a single-
C12, C13 Decoupling Capacitors. C12 and C13 are the decoupling capacitors used to reject noise
T4 LO Input Interface. The LO is driven differentially. ETC1-1-13 is a 1:1 RF balun that
T1 RF Input Interface. ETC1-1-13 is a 1:1 RF balun that converts the single-ended RF input
R2 R
These capacitors provide the required decoupling up to 2.7 GHz. C2, C4, C8 = 100 pF (0402)
C1, C3, C9 = 0.1 µF (0603)
AC Coupling Capacitors. These capacitors provide the required ac coupling from
700 MHz to 2.7 GHz.
Single-Ended Baseband Output Path. This is the default configuration of the evaluation
board. R14 to R16 and R4, R5, and R13 are populated for appropriate balun interface.
C6, C10, C11 = 1000 pF (0402)
C7 = open
R4, R5, R13 to R16 = 0 Ω (0402)
R9 to R12 = open
R9, R10 and R11, R12 are not populated. Baseband outputs are taken from QHI and IHI.
provide a means to bypass the 9:1 TCM9-1 transformer to allow for differential baseband
outputs. Access the differential baseband signals by populating R9 to R12 with 0 Ω and
not populating R4, R5, R13 to R16. This way the transformer does not need to be
removed. The baseband outputs are taken from the SMAs of Q_HI, Q_LO, I_HI, and I_LO.
Input Biasing. Inductance and resistance sets the input biasing of the common
base input stage. The default value is 33 nH.