RF frequency range of 2200 MHz to 2700 MHz
IF frequency range of 30 MHz to 450 MHz
Power conversion gain: 8.6 dB
SSB noise figure of 10.6 dB
Input IP3 of 26.1 dBm
Input P1dB of 10.6 dBm
Typical LO power of 0 dBm
Single-ended, 50 Ω RF and LO input ports
High isolation SPDT LO input switch
Single-supply operation: 3.3 V to 5 V
Exposed paddle, 6 mm × 6 mm, 36-lead LFCSP
1500 V HBM/500 V FICDM ESD performance
APPLICATIONS
Cellular base station receivers
Transmit observation receivers
Radio link downconverters
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADL5354 uses a highly linear, doubly balanced, passive mixer
core along with integrated RF and local oscillator (LO) balancing
circuitry to allow single-ended operation. The ADL5354 incorporates the RF baluns, allowing for optimal performance over a
2200 MHz to 2700 MHz RF input frequency range. The balanced
passive mixer arrangement provides good LO-to-RF leakage,
typically better than −37 dBm, and excellent intermodulation
performance. The balanced mixer core also provides extremely
high input linearity, allowing the device to be used in demanding
cellular applications where in-band blocking signals may otherwise result in the degradation of dynamic performance. A high
linearity IF buffer amplifier follows the passive mixer core to yield
a typical power conversion gain of 8 dB and can be used with a
wide range of output impedances.
The ADL5354 provides two switched LO paths that can be used
in time division duplex (TDD) applications where it is desirable
to ping-pong between two local oscillators. LO current can be
externally set using a resistor to minimize dc current
ADL5354
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
N
M
M
S
G
M
N
O
C
M
35
34
11
12
M
M
G
M
V
O
D
C
MNIN
MNCT
COMM
VPOS
COMM
VPOS
COMM
DVCT
DVIN
O
P
V
36
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
S
O
P
V
commensurate with the desired level of performance. For low
voltage applications, the ADL5354 is capable of operation at
voltages as low as 3.3 V with substantially reduced current. For
low voltage operation, an additional logic pin is provided to
power down (~300 µA) the circuit when desired.
The ADL5354 is fabricated using a BiCMOS high performance
IC process. The device is available in a 6 mm × 6 mm, 36-lead
LFCSP and operates over a −40°C to +85°C temperature range.
An evaluation board is also available.
Table 1. Passive Mixers
RF Frequency
(MHz)
Single
Mixer
500 to 1700 ADL5367 ADL5357 ADL5358
1200 to 2500 ADL5365 ADL5355 ADL5356
2200 to 2700 ADL5353 ADL5354
P
O
O
N
N
M
M
33
32
13
14
P
N
O
O
V
V
D
D
Figure 1.
Single Mixer
and IF Amp
E
L
N
M
31
ADL5354
15
E
L
V
D
S
O
P
V
30
16
S
O
P
V
G
L
N
C
M
N
29
28
17
18
C
G
L
N
V
D
Dual Mixer
and IF Amp
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
LOI2
VGS2
VGS1
VGS0
LOSW
PWDN
VPOS
COMM
LOI1
09118-001
Rev. 0
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by Anal og Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or ot her
rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
VS = 5 V, IS = 350 mA, TA = 25°C, fRF = 2535 MHz, fLO = 2332 MHz, LO power = 0 dBm, RF power = −10 dBm, R1 = R4 = 1.3 k, R2 =
R5 = 1 k, Z
Table 2.
Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit
RF INPUT INTERFACE
Return Loss Tunable to >20 dB over a limited bandwidth 20 dB
Input Impedance 50 Ω
RF Frequency Range 2200 2700 MHz
OUTPUT INTERFACE
Output Impedance Differential impedance, f = 200 MHz 230||0.75 Ω||pF
IF Frequency Range 30 450 MHz
DC Bias Voltage1 Externally generated 3.3 5.0 5.5 V
LO INTERFACE
LO Power −6 0 +10 dBm
Return Loss 13 dB
Input Impedance 50 Ω
LO Frequency Range 1750 2670 MHz
POWER-DOWN (PWDN) INTERFACE2
PWDN Threshold 1.0 V
Logic 0 Level 0.4 V
Logic 1 Level 1.4 V
PWDN Response Time Device enabled, IF output to 90% of its final level 160 ns
Device disabled, supply current < 5 mA 230 ns
PWDN Input Bias Current Device enabled 0 µA
Device disabled 70 µA
1
Apply supply voltage from external circuit through choke inductors.
2
PWDN function is intended for use with VS ≤ 3.6 V only.
VS = 5 V, IS = 350 mA, TA = 25°C, fRF = 2535 MHz, fLO = 2332 MHz, LO power = 0 dBm, RF power = −10 dBm, R1 = R4 = 1.3 k, R2 = R5 = 1 k,
VGS0 = VGS1 = VGS2 = 0 V, and Z
Table 3.
Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Power Conversion Gain Including 4:1 IF port transformer and PCB loss 8.6 dB
Voltage Conversion Gain Z
SSB Noise Figure 10.6 dB
Input Third-Order Intercept (IIP3)
Input Second-Order Intercept (IIP2)
Input 1 dB Compression Point (IP1dB) 10.6 dBm
LO-to-IF Leakage Unfiltered IF output −20.7 dBm
LO-to-RF Leakage −37 dBm
RF-to-IF Isolation −34 dBc
IF/2 Spurious −10 dBm input power −73 dBc
IF/3 Spurious −10 dBm input power −71 dBc
IF Channel-to-Channel Isolation 52 dB
POWER SUPPLY
Positive Supply Voltage 4.75 5 5.25 V
Quiescent Current LO supply 170 mA
IF supply 180 mA
Total Quiescent Current VS = 5 V 350 mA
= 50 Ω, unless otherwise noted.
O
= 50 Ω, differential Z
SOURCE
= 2534.5 MHz, f
f
RF1
each RF tone at −10 dBm
= 2535 MHz, f
f
RF1
RF2
each RF tone at −10 dBm
= 200 Ω differential 14.6 dB
LOAD
= 2535.5 MHz, fLO = 2332 MHz,
RF2
= 2585 MHz, fLO = 2332 MHz,
26.1 dBm
50 dBm
3.3 V PERFORMANCE
VS = 3.3 V, IS = 200 mA, TA = 25°C, fRF = 2535 MHz, fLO = 2332 MHz, LO power = 0 dBm, R9 = 226 , R14 = 604 , VGS0 = VGS1 = 0 V,
and Z
= 50 , unless otherwise noted.
O
Table 4.
Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Power Conversion Gain Including 4:1 IF port transformer and PCB loss 8 dB
Voltage Conversion Gain Z
SSB Noise Figure 9.9 dB
Input Third-Order Intercept (IIP3)
Input Second-Order Intercept (IIP2)
Input 1 dB Compression Point (IP1dB) 7 dBm
POWER INTERFACE
Supply Voltage 3.0 3.3 3.6 V
Quiescent Current Resistor programmable 200 mA
Power-Down Current Device disabled 300 A
= 50 Ω, differential Z
SOURCE
= 2534.5 MHz, f
f
RF1
RF tone at −10 dBm
= 2535 MHz, f
f
RF1
RF2
tone at −10 dBm
= 200 Ω differential 14 dB
LOAD
= 2535.5 MHz, fLO = 2332 MHz, each
RF2
= 2585 MHz, fLO = 2332 MHz, each RF
17.5 dBm
49 dBm
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 24
Page 5
ADL5354
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 5.
Parameter Rating
Supply Voltage, VS 5.5 V
RF Input Level 20 dBm
LO Input Level 13 dBm
MNOP, MNON, DVOP, DVON Bias 6.0 V
VGS2,VGS1,VGS0, LOSW, PWDN 5.5 V
Internal Power Dissipation 2.2 W
Thermal Characteristic θJA 22°C/W
Maximum Junction Temperature 150°C
Temperature Range
Operating −40°C to +85°C
Storage −65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 60 sec) 260°C
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
ESD CAUTION
Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 24
Page 6
ADL5354
PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
N
M
M
P
E
S
O
G
M
O
N
N
O
P
M
C
M
V
6
5
4
3
3
3
3
3
1
MNIN
2
MNCT
3
COMM
4
VPOS
5
COMM
6
VPOS
7
COMM
DVCT
8
9
DVIN
NOTES
12. NC = NO CONNECT.
. EXPOSED P AD MUST BE CONNECTED TO GRO UND.
ADL5354
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
0
1
2
1
1
1
S
M
M
O
G
M
P
V
O
V
D
C
3
1
P
O
V
D
Figure 2. Pin Configuration
G
S
O
L
L
O
N
N
N
C
P
M
M
V
M
2
3
4
1
N
O
V
D
N
1
0
9
8
3
3
2
2
5
6
7
8
1
1
1
1
S
E
C
G
L
L
N
O
V
V
P
D
V
D
27
LOI2
VGS2
26
VGS1
25
VGS0
24
LOSW
23
22
PWDN
21
VPOS
20
COMM
LOI1
19
09118-002
Table 6. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin No. Mnemonic Description
1 MNIN RF Input for Main Channel. Internally matched to 50 Ω. Must be ac-coupled.
2 MNCT Center Tap for Main Channel Input Balun. Bypass to ground using low inductance capacitor.
3, 5, 7, 12, 20, 34 COMM Device Common (DC Ground).
4, 6, 10, 16, 21, 30, 36 VPOS Positive Supply Voltage.
8 DVCT Center Tap for Diversity Channel Input Balun. Bypass to ground using low inductance capacitor.
9 DVIN RF Input for Diversity Channel. Internally matched to 50 Ω. Must be ac-coupled.
11 DVGM Diversity Amplifier Bias Setting. Connect a 1.3 kΩ resistor to ground for typical operation.
13, 14 DVOP, DVON
Diversity Channel Differential Open-Collector Outputs. DVOP and DVON should be pulled up to
VCC using external inductors, see Figure 53 for details.
15 DVLE Diversity Channel IF Return. This pin must be grounded.
17 DVLG Diversity Channel LO Buffer Bias Setting. Connect a 1 kΩ resistor to ground for typical operation.
18, 28 NC No Connect. Do not connect to this pin.
19 LOI1 Local Oscillator Input 1. Internally matched to 50 Ω. Must be ac-coupled.
22 PWDN
Power Down. Connect this pin to ground for normal operation. Connect pin to 3 V for disable
mode when using VPOS ≤ 3.6 V. PWDN pin must be grounded when VPOS > 3.6 V.
23 LOSW Local Oscillator Input Selection Switch. Set LOSW high to select LOI1 or set LOSW low to select LOI2.
24, 25, 26
VGS0, VGS1,
VGS2
Gate to Source Control Voltages. For typical operation, set VGS0, VGS1, and VGS2 to a low logic
level.
27 LOI2 Local Oscillator Input 2. Internally matched to 50 Ω. Must be ac-coupled.
29 MNLG Main Channel LO Buffer Bias Setting. Connect a 1 kΩ resistor to ground for typical operation.
31 MNLE Main Channel IF Return. This pin must be grounded.
32, 33 MNOP, MNON
Main Channel Differential Open-Collector Outputs. Pull up MNOP and MNON to VCC by using
external inductors, see Figure 53 for details.
35 MNGM Main Amplifier Bias Setting. Connect a 1.3 kΩ resistor to ground for typical operation.
EPAD Exposed Paddle. Exposed pad must be connected to ground.
Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 24
Page 7
ADL5354
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
5 V PERFORMANCE
VS = 5 V, IS = 350 mA, TA = 25°C, fRF = 2535 MHz, fLO = 2332 MHz, LO power = 0 dBm, RF power = −10 dBm, R1 = R4 = 1.3 kΩ, R2 = R5 = 1 kΩ,
Z
Figure 50. SSB Noise Figure vs. RF Frequency at 3.3 V
Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 24
Page 15
ADL5354
SPUR TABLES
All spur tables are (N × fRF) − (M × fLO) and were measured using the standard evaluation board. Mixer spurious products are measured
in dBc from the IF output power level. Data was measured only for frequencies less than 6 GHz. Typical noise floor of the measurement
system = −100 dBm.
5 V PERFORMANCE
VS = 5 V, IS = 350 mA, TA = 25°C, fRF = 2500 MHz, fLO = 2297 MHz, LO power = 0 dBm, RF power = −10 dBm, VGS0 = VGS1 = VGS2 = 0 V,
and Z
The ADL5354 consists of two primary components: the radio
frequency (RF) subsystem and the local oscillator (LO) subsystem.
The combination of design, process, and packaging technology
allows the functions of these subsystems to be integrated into
a single die using mature packaging and interconnection technologies to provide a high performance, low cost design with
excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. In
addition, the need for external components is minimized,
optimizing cost and size.
The RF subsystem consists of integrated, low loss RF baluns,
passive MOSFET mixers, sum termination networks, and IF
amplifiers. The LO subsystem consists of an SPDT-terminated FET
switch and two multistage limiting LO amplifiers. The purpose of
the LO subsystem is to provide a large, fixed amplitude, balanced
signal to drive the mixer independent of the level of the LO input.
A block diagram of the device is shown in Figure 51.
N
M
M
S
G
M
N
O
C
M
35
34
11
12
M
M
G
M
V
O
D
C
MNIN
MNCT
OMM
VPOS
OMM
VPOS
OMM
DVCT
DVIN
O
P
V
36
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
S
O
P
V
Figure 51. Simplified Schematic
RF SUBSYSTEM
The single-ended, 50 RF input is internally transformed to a
balanced signal using a low loss (<1 dB) unbalanced-to-balanced
(balun) transformer. This transformer is made possible by an
extremely low loss metal stack, which provides both excellent
balance and dc isolation for the RF port. Although the port can be
dc connected, it is recommended that a blocking capacitor be used
to avoid running excessive dc current through the part. The RF
balun can easily support an RF input frequency range of 2200 MHz
to 2700 MHz.
The resulting balanced RF signal is applied to a passive mixer that
commutates the RF input with the output of the LO subsystem.
The passive mixer is essentially a balanced, low loss switch that
adds minimal noise to the frequency translation. The only noise
P
O
N
M
33
13
P
O
V
D
E
O
L
N
N
M
M
32
31
14
15
E
N
L
O
V
V
D
D
S
O
P
V
30
ADL5354
16
S
O
P
V
G
L
N
C
M
N
29
28
27
LOI2
26
VGS2
25
VGS1
24
VGS0
23
LOSW
22
PWDN
21
VPOS
20
COMM
19
LOI1
17
18
C
G
L
N
V
D
contribution from the mixer is due to the resistive loss of the
switches, which is in the order of a few ohms.
Because the mixer is inherently broadband and bidirectional, it
is necessary to properly terminate all the idler (M × N product)
frequencies generated by the mixing process. Terminating the
mixer avoids the generation of unwanted intermodulation
products and reduces the level of unwanted signals at the input
of the IF amplifier, where high peak signal levels can compromise
the compression and intermodulation performance of the system.
This termination is accomplished by the addition of a sum network
between the IF amplifier and the mixer and in the feedback
elements in the IF amplifier.
The IF amplifier is a balanced feedback design that simultaneously
provides the desired gain, noise figure, and input impedance that is
required to achieve the overall performance. The balanced opencollector output of the IF amplifier, with impedance modified by
the feedback within the amplifier, permits the output to be connected directly to a high impedance filter, differential amplifier, or
an analog-to-digital input while providing optimum second-order
intermodulation suppression. The differential output impedance of
the IF amplifier is approximately 200 . If operation in a 50
system is desired, the output can be transformed to 50 by using
a 4:1 transformer.
The intermodulation performance of the design is generally limited
by the IF amplifier. The IP3 performance can be optimized by
adjusting the IF current with an external resistor. Additionally,
dc current can be saved by increasing either or both resistors. It
is permissible to reduce the dc supply voltage to as low as 3.3 V,
further reducing the dissipated power of the part. (No performance
enhancement is obtained by reducing the value of these resistors,
and excessive dc power dissipation may result.)
LO SUBSYSTEM
The ADL5354 has two LO inputs permitting multiple synthesizers
9118-052
to be rapidly switched with extremely short switching times
(<40 ns) for frequency agile applications. The two inputs are
applied to a high isolation SPDT switch that provides a constant
input impedance, regardless of whether the port is selected, to
avoid pulling the LO sources. This multiple section switch also
ensures high isolation to the off input, minimizing any leakage
from the unwanted LO input that may result in undesired IF
responses.
The single-ended LO input is converted to a fixed amplitude
differential signal using a multistage, limiting LO amplifier. This
results in consistent performance over a range of LO input power.
Optimum performance is achieved from −6 dBm to +10 dBm,
but the circuit continues to function at considerably lower levels
of LO input power.
The performance of this amplifier is critical in achieving a high
intercept passive mixer without degrading the noise floor of the
Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 24
Page 17
ADL5354
system. This is a critical requirement in an interferer rich
environment, such as cellular infrastructure, where blocking
interferers can limit mixer performance. The bandwidth of the
intermodulation performance is somewhat influenced by the
current in the LO amplifier chain. For dc current sensitive
applications, it is permissible to reduce the current in the LO
amplifier by raising the value of the external bias control resistor.
For dc current critical applications, the LO chain can operate
with a supply voltage as low as 3.3 V, resulting in substantial
dc power savings.
In addition, when operating with supply voltages below 3.6 V, the
ADL5354 has a power-down mode that permits the dc current
to drop to ~300 µA.
The logic inputs are designed to work with any logic family that
provides a Logic 0 input level of less than 0.4 V and a Logic 1
input level that exceeds 1.4 V. All logic inputs are high impedance
up to Logic 1 levels of 3.3 V. At levels exceeding 3.3 V, protection
circuitry permits operation up to 5.5 V, although a small bias
current is drawn.
All pins, including the RF pins, are ESD protected and have
been tested to a level of 1500 V HBM and 500 V FICDM.
Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 24
Page 18
ADL5354
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
BASIC CONNECTIONS
The ADL5354 mixer is designed to downconvert radio frequencies
(RF) primarily between 2200 MHz and 2700 MHz to lower intermediate frequencies (IF) between 30 MHz and 450 MHz. Figure 52
depicts the basic connections of the mixer. It is recommended to
ac couple the RF and LO input ports to prevent nonzero dc
voltages from damaging the RF balun or LO input circuit. The
RFIN matching network consists of a series 1.5 pF capacitor and
a shunt 4.3 nH inductor to provide the optimized RF input return
loss for the desired frequency band.
IF PORT
The mixer differential IF interface requires pull-up choke inductors
to bias the open-collector outputs and to set the output match.
The shunting impedance of the choke inductors used to couple
dc current into the IF amplifier should be selected to provide
the desired output return loss.
The real part of the output impedance is approximately 200 Ω,
which matches many commonly used SAW filters without the
need for a transformer. This results in a voltage conversion gain
that is approximately 6 dB higher than the power conversion gain,
as shown in Tab l e 3 . When a 50 Ω output impedance is needed,
use a 4:1 impedance transformer, as shown in Figure 52.
BIAS RESISTOR SELECTION
The IF bias resistors (R1 and R4) and LO bias resistors (R2 and R5)
are used to adjust the bias current of the integrated amplifiers at the
IF and LO terminals. It is necessary to have a sufficient amount
of current to bias both the internal IF and LO amplifiers to optimize
dc current vs. optimum IIP3 performance.
MIXER VGS CONTROL DAC
The ADL5354 features three logic control pins, VGS0 (Pin 24),
VGS1 (Pin 25), and VGS2 (Pin26), that allow programmability for
internal gate-to-source voltages for optimizing mixer performance
over desired frequency bands. The evaluation board defaults
VGS0, VGS1, and VGS2 to ground.
Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 24
Page 19
ADL5354
MAIN_IN
C9
Z1Z2
C3
C2
MAIN_OUTN
C19C17
C22
VCC
1
2
3
4
5
R1
363534333231302928
C33
C8C21
L1
C27
R10
VCC
C32
T1
L2
R3
L6
MAIN_OUTP
C25C18
VCC
R2
R12
R7
R14
R11
C16
R16
C34
R17
LO2
VCC
27
26
R13
25
R8
24
R15
23
DIV_IN
VCC
C6C7
C11
Z3Z4
GND
VCC
+
C10
6
7
8
9
101112131415161718
VCC
C23
R4
C20
DIV_OUTPDIV_OUTN
C30C31
VCC
R6
L5
C1C12
C28
R9
L3
C24C13
L4
C29
T2
ADL5354
VCC
22
21
C26
20
19
C14
R5
C15
LO1
VCC
R19
09118-153
Figure 52. Typical Application Circuit
Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 24
Page 20
ADL5354
EVALUATION BOARD
An evaluation board is available for the family of double balanced
mixers. The standard evaluation board schematic is shown in
Figure 53. The evaluation board is fabricated using Rogers®
RO3003 material. Tab le 7 describes the various configuration
options of the evaluation board. Evaluation board layout is shown
in Figure 54 and Figure 55.
Power supply decoupling. Nominal supply decoupling consists of
a 0.01 µF capacitor to ground in parallel with 10 pF capacitors to
ground positioned as close to the device as possible.
RF main and diversity input interface. Main and diversity input
channels are ac-coupled through C9 and C11. Z1 to Z4 provide
additional component placement for external matching/filter
networks. C2, C3, C6, and C7 provide bypassing for the center taps of
the main and diversity on-chip input baluns.
IF main and diversity output interface. The open-collector IF output
interfaces are biased through the pull-up choke inductors (L1, L2,
L4, and L5), leaving R3 and R6 available for additional supply
bypassing. T1 and T2 are 4:1 impedance transformers that are used
to provide a single-ended IF output interface, and C27 and C28
provide the center tap bypassing. C17, C19, C20, C29, C30, C31, C32,
and C33 ensure an ac-coupled output interface. Remove R9 and
R10 for balanced output operation.
LO interface. C14 and C16 provide ac coupling for the LOI1 and LOI2
local oscillator inputs. LOSEL selects the appropriate LO input for
both mixer cores. R15 provides a pull-down to ensure LOI2 is enabled
when the LOSEL jumper is removed. The jumper can be removed to
allow the LOSEL interface to be exercised by using an external logic
generator.
PWDN interface. When the PWDN 2-pin shunt is inserted, the
ADL5354 is powered down. When R19 is open, it pulls the PWDN
logic low and enables the device. The jumper can be removed to
allow PWDN interface to be exercised using an external logic
generator. Grounding the PWDN pin is allowed during nominal
operation but is not permitted when supply voltages exceed 3.3 V.
Bias control. R16 and R17 form a voltage divider to provide a 3 V for
logic control, bypassed to ground through C34. Resistors R7, R8, R11,
R12, R13, and R14 provide resistor programmability of VGS0, VGS1,
and VGS2. Typically, these nodes can be hardwired for nominal
operation. Grounding these pins is allowed for nominal operation.
R2 and R5 set the bias point for the internal LO buffers. R1 and R4 set
the bias point for the internal IF amplifiers. L3 and L6 are external
inductors used to improve isolation and common-mode rejection.