Signal path resistance of R
44 V supply maximum ratings
Low on resistance: 62 Ω typical
±1 nA maximum path current leakage @ +25°C
Low R
match (5 Ω maximum)
ON
Low power dissipation 0.8 μW typical
Latch-up proof construction
APPLICATIONS
ATE equipment
Sensitive measurement equipment
Hot insertion rack systems
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADG467 is an octal channel protector. The channel
protector is placed in series with the signal path. The channel
protector protects sensitive components from voltage transience
in the signal path regardless if the power supplies are present or
not. For this reason, the channel protectors are ideal for use in
applications where correct power sequencing cannot always be
guaranteed (for example, hot insertion rack systems) to protect
analog inputs. This is described further, and some example
circuits are given in the Applications Information section.
Each channel protector has an independent operation and consists of an N-channel MOSFET, a P-channel MOSFET, and an
N-channel MOSFET, connected in series. The channel protector
behaves just like a series resistor during normal operation, that
is, (V
+ 1.5 V) < VIN < (VDD − 1.5 V). When a channel’s analog
SS
input exceeds the power supplies (including V
one of the MOSFETs switches off, clamping the output to either
V
+ 1.5 V or VDD − 1.5 V. Circuitry and signal source protec-
SS
tion is provided in the event of an overvoltage or power loss.
The channel protectors can withstand overvoltage inputs from
−40 V to +40 V. See the Circuit Information section.
The ADG467 can operate off both bipolar and unipolar
supplies. The channels are normally on when power is
with power on
ON
and VSS = 0 V),
DD
ADG467
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
SS
V
D1
V
D2
V
D3
V
V
V
IN
V
DD
D8
IN
ADG467
OUTPUT CLAMPED
AT V
Figure 1.
connected and open circuit when power is disconnected. With
power supplies of ±15 V, the on resistance of the ADG467 is
62 Ω typical with a leakage current of ±1 nA maximum. When
power is disconnected, the input leakage current is approximately ±0.5 nA typical.
The ADG467 is available in an 18-lead SOIC package and a
20-lead SSOP package.
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS
1. Fault Protection.
The ADG467 can withstand continuous voltage inputs
from −40 V to +40 V. When a fault occurs due to the
power supplies being turned off or due to an overvoltage
being applied to the ADG467, the output is clamped.
When power is turned off, current is limited to the
microampere level.
2. Low Power Dissipation.
3. Low R
4. Trench Isolation Latch-Up Proof Construction.
A dielectric trench separates the p- and n-channel
MOSFETs thereby preventing latch-up.
. 62 Ω typical.
ON
DD
V
V
V
V
V
DD
– 1.5V
S1
S2
S3
S8
V
OUT
V
OUT
08191-001
Rev. B
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by Anal og Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or ot her
rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
ESD CAUTION
Rev. B | Page 4 of 16
Page 5
ADG467
V
PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
V
1
V
D1
V
2
D2
V
3
D3
ADG467
4
V
D4
TOP VIEW
V
5
D5
(Not to Scale)
V
6
D6
7
V
D7
V
8
D8
9
SS
Figure 2. 18-Lead SOIC Pin Configuration
18
V
DD
V
17
S1
V
16
S2
15
V
S3
V
14
S4
V
13
S5
12
V
S6
V
11
S7
V
10
S8
8191-002
Figure 3. 20-Lead SSOP Pin Configuration
Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin No.
SOIC SSOP Mnemonic Description
1 1 VD1 Drain Terminal 1. This pin can be an input or an output.
2 2 VD2 Drain Terminal 2. This pin can be an input or an output.
3 3 VD3 Drain Terminal 3. This pin can be an input or an output.
4 4 VD4 Drain Terminal 4. This pin can be an input or an output.
5 5 VD5 Drain Terminal 5. This pin can be an input or an output.
6 6 VD6 Drain Terminal 6. This pin can be an input or an output.
7 7 VD7 Drain Terminal 7. This pin can be an input or an output.
8 8 VD8 Drain Terminal 8. This pin can be an input or an output.
9 9 VSS
Most Negative Power Supply Potential. In single-supply applications, this pin can be connected to
ground.
N/A 10 NC No Connect.
10 11 VS8 Source Terminal 1. This pin can be an input or an output.
11 12 VS7 Source Terminal 2. This pin can be an input or an output.
12 13 VS6 Source Terminal 3. This pin can be an input or an output.
13 14 VS5 Source Terminal 4. This pin can be an input or an output.
14 15 VS4 Source Terminal 5. This pin can be an input or an output.
15 16 VS3 Source Terminal 6. This pin can be an input or an output.
16 17 VS2 Source Terminal 7. This pin can be an input or an output.
17 18 VS1 Source Terminal 8. This pin can be an input or an output.
18 19 VDD Most Positive Power Supply Potential.
N/A 20 NC No Connect. Do not connect to this pin.
1
D1
V
2
D2
V
3
D3
V
4
D4
V
5
D5
V
6
D6
7
V
D7
V
8
D8
V
9
SS
NC
10
NC = NO CONNECT
ADG467
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
20
NC
19
V
DD
18
V
S1
17
V
S2
16
V
S3
V
15
S4
V
14
S5
V
13
S6
12
V
S7
11
V
S8
08191-003
Rev. B | Page 5 of 16
Page 6
ADG467
–10V
–15V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
100
VDD, VSS = ±16.5V
, VSS = ±15V
V
90
80
70
DD
, VSS = ±13.5V
V
DD
, VSS = ±20V
V
DD
120
110
100
VDD = 20V
= 13.2V
V
DD
= 12V
V
DD
= 10.8V
V
90
DD
60
ON RESISTANCE ()
50
40
TA = 25°C
30
–17–19–15 –13 –11 –7–9–5 –3 –1 159131737111519
Figure 4. On Resistance as a Function of V
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
DD
and VSx (Input Voltage),
Dual Supply
80
VDD = +15V
75
V
= –15V
SS
70
65
60
55
50
ON RESISTANCE ()
45
40
35
30
–10 –8–6–4–20246810
+85°C
+25°C
–40°C
+105°C
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 5. On Resistance as a Function of Temperature and V
Figure 21 shows a simplified schematic of a channel protector
circuit. The circuit is made up of four MOS transistors—two
NMOS and two PMOS. One of the PMOS devices does not lie
directly in the signal path but is used to connect the source of
the second PMOS device to its backgate. This has the effect of
lowering the threshold voltage and thus increasing the input
signal range of the channel for normal operation. The source
and backgate of the NMOS devices are connected for the same
reason. During normal operation, the channel protectors have
an on resistance of 62 Ω typical. The channel protectors are very
low power devices, and even under fault conditions, the supply
current is limited to sub microampere levels. All transistors are
dielectrically isolated from each other using a trench isolation
method. This makes it impossible to latch up the channel protectors. For further details, see the Trenc h I s olat i o n section.
V
SS
the output of the channel protector (no load) is clamped at these
threshold voltages. However, the channel protector output
clamps at a voltage value that is inside these thresholds if the
output is loaded. For example, with an output load of 1 kΩ, V
=
DD
15 V, and a positive overvoltage on the input, the output clamps
at V
− VTN − ΔV = 15 V − 1.5 V − 0.6 V = 12.9 V, where ΔV is
DD
due to an I × R voltage drop across the channels of the MOS
devices (see Figure 23). As can be seen from Figure 23, the current
during fault condition is determined by the load on the output
(that is, V
CLAMP/RL
). However, if the supplies are off, the fault
current is limited to the nano-ampere level.
Figure 22, Figure 24, and Figure 25 show the operating conditions of the signal path transistors during various fault conditions.
Figure 22 shows how the channel protectors operate when a
positive overvoltage is applied to the channel protector.
1
– V
V
DD
TN
(+13.5V)
PMOS
NMOS
V
DD
V
PMOS
SS
NMOS
V
DD
08191-021
Figure 21. The Channel Protector Circuit
OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION
When a fault condition occurs on the input of a channel protector, the voltage on the input has exceeded some threshold voltage
set by the supply rail voltages. The threshold voltages are related
to the supply rails as follows. For a positive overvoltage, the
threshold voltage is given by V
voltage of the NMOS transistor (1.5 V typical). In the case of a
negative overvoltage, the threshold voltage is given by V
where V
is the threshold voltage of the PMOS device (−1.5 V
TP
typical). If the input voltage exceeds these threshold voltages,
OVERVOLTAGE
− VTN, where VTN is the threshold
DD
V
Dx
+
N
EFFECTIVE
OPERATION
(SATURATED)
SPACE CHARGE
= 1.5V
V
T
REGION
Figure 23. Positive Overvoltages Operation of the Channel Protector
V
G
(VDD = 15V)(13.5V)(20V)
N-CHANNEL
–
P
− VTP,
SS
– VTN = 13.5V)
(V
O
V
POSITIVE
OV ERV OLTAG E
(+20V)
SATURATEDNON-
1
VTN = NMOS THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (+1.5V).
NMOSPMOSNMOS
SATURATED
(+15V)VSS (–15V)VDD (+15V)
V
DD
NON-
SATURATED
08191-022
Figure 22. Positive Overvoltage on the Channel Protector
The first NMOS transistor goes into a saturated mode of
operation as the voltage on its drain exceeds the gate voltage
(V
) − the threshold voltage (VTN). This situation is shown in
DD
Figure 23. The potential at the source of the NMOS device is
equal to V
− VTN. The other MOS devices are in a nonsatu-
DD
rated mode of operation.
Sx
+
N
+
P
V
PMOS
NONSATURATED
OPERATION
NMOS
I
OUT
V
CLAMP
R
L
8191-023
Rev. B | Page 9 of 16
Page 10
ADG467
G
A
When a negative overvoltage is applied to the channel protector
circuit, the PMOS transistor enters a saturated mode of operation
as the drain voltage exceeds V
− VTP (see Figure 24). As in the
SS
case of the positive overvoltage, the other MOS devices are
nonsaturated.
TIVE
NE
OV ERV OLTAG E
(–20V)
NEGATIVE
OV ERV OLTAG E
(–20V)
SATURATED
1
VTP = PMOS THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (–1.5V).
NMOSPMO SNMOS
SATURATEDNON-
V
(+15V)VSS (–15V)VDD (+15V)
DD
– V
V
SS
(–13.5V)
SATURATED
1
TP
NON-
Figure 24. Negative Overvoltage on the Channel Protector
08191-024
The channel protector is also functional when the supply rails
are down (for example, power failure) or momentarily unconnected (for example, rack system). This is where the channel
protector has an advantage over more conventional protection
methods such as diode clamping (see the Applications Information
section). When V
and VSS equal 0 V, all transistors are off and
DD
the current is limited to subnano-ampere levels (see Figure 25).
(0V)
POSITIVE OR
NEGATIVE
OV ERV OLTAG E
Figure 25. Channel Protector Supplies Equal to 0 V
NMOSPMO SNMOS
OFFOFFOFF
V
(0V)VSS (0V)VDD (0V)
DD
08191-025
Rev. B | Page 10 of 16
Page 11
ADG467
V
V
TRENCH ISOLATION
The MOS devices that make up the channel protector are
isolated from each other by an oxide layer (trench) (see Figure 26).
When the NMOS and PMOS devices are not electrically
isolated from each other, parasitic junctions between CMOS
transistors may cause latch-up. Latch-up is caused when P-N
junctions that are normally reverse biased become forward
biased, causing large currents to flow, which can be destructive.
V
Sx
G
V
Dx
CMOS devices are normally isolated from each other by
junction isolation. In junction isolation, the N and P wells of the
CMOS transistors form a diode that is reverse biased under
normal operation. However, during overvoltage conditions, this
diode becomes forward biased. A silicon-controlled rectifier
(SCR) type circuit is formed by the two transistors causing a
significant amplification of the current that, in turn, leads to
latch-up. With trench isolation, this diode is removed; the result
is a latch-up-proof circuit.
V
Sx
G
V
Dx
T
R
P
E
N
C
N
H
+
–
P-CHANNEL
BURIED OXIDE L AYER
SUBSTRATE (BACKGATE)
T
+
P
N
R
E
N
C
P
H
+
–
N-CHANNEL
T
+
N
R
E
N
C
H
08191-026
Figure 26. Trench Isolation
Rev. B | Page 11 of 16
Page 12
ADG467
–
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
OVERVOLTAGE AND POWER SUPPLY
SEQUENCING PROTECTION
The ADG467 is ideal for use in applications where input overvoltage protection is required and correct power supply sequencing
cannot always be guaranteed. The overvoltage protection ensures
that the output voltage of the channel protector does not exceed the
threshold voltages set by the supplies (see the Circuit Information
section) when there is an overvoltage on the input. When the
input voltage does not exceed these threshold voltages, the channel
protector behaves like a series resistor (62 Ω typical). The resistance of the channel protector does vary slightly with operating
conditions (see the Typical Performance Characteristics
section).
The power sequencing protection is provided by the channel
protector, which becomes a high resistance device when the
supplies to the channel protector are not connected. Under this
condition, all transistors in the channel protector are off and the
only currents that flow are leakage currents, which are at the
microampere level.
EDGE
CONNECTOR
+5V
–5V
Figure 27 shows a typical application that requires overvoltage
and power supply sequencing protection. The application shows
a hot insertion rack system. This involves plugging a circuit
board or module into a live rack via an edge connector. In this
type of application, it is not possible to guarantee correct power
supply sequencing. Correct power supply sequencing means
that the power supplies should be connected before any external
signals. Incorrect power sequencing can cause a CMOS device
to latch up. This is true of most CMOS devices regardless of the
functionality. RC networks are used on the supplies of the channel
protector (see Figure 27) to ensure that the rest of the circuitry
is powered up before the channel protectors. In this way, the
outputs of the channel protectors are clamped well below V
and V
until the capacitors are charged. The diodes ensure that
SS
the supplies on the channel protector never exceed the supply
rails of the board when it is being disconnected. This ensures
that signals on the inputs of the CMOS devices never exceed the
supplies.
V
DD
V
SS
DD
ANALOG IN
2.5VTO +2.5V
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
GND
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
ADG467
V
S1
V
S2
V
S3
V
S4
V
S5
V
S6
V
S7
V
S8
ADC
CONTROL
LOGIC
Figure 27. Overvoltage and Power Supply Sequencing Protection
08191-027
Rev. B | Page 12 of 16
Page 13
ADG467
V
V
V
V
HIGH VOLTAGE SURGE SUPPRESSION
The ADG467 is not intended for use in high voltage applications
like surge suppression. The ADG467 has breakdown voltages in
excess of V
power supplies are connected. When the power supplies are
disconnected, the breakdown voltages on the input of the
channel protector are ±40 V. In applications where inputs are
likely to be subject to overvoltages exceeding the breakdown
voltages specified for the channel protectors, transient voltage
suppressors (TVSs) should be used. These devices are
commonly used to protect vulnerable circuits from electric
overstress such as that caused by electrostatic discharge,
inductive load switching, and induced lightning. However,
TVSs can have a substantial standby (leakage) current (300 μA
typical) at the reverse standoff voltage. The reverse stand-off
− 20 V and VDD + 20 V on the inputs when the
SS
= +5
DD
voltage of a TVS is the normal peak operating voltage of the
circuit. Also, a TVS offers no protection against latch-up of
sensitive CMOS devices when the power supplies are off. The
ideal solution is to use a channel protector in conjunction with
a TVS to provide the optimal leakage current specification and
circuit protection.
Figure 28 shows an input protection scheme that uses both a
TVS and a channel protector. The TVS is selected with a reverse
standoff voltage that is much greater than the operating voltage
of the circuit (TVSs with higher breakdown voltages tend to
have better standby leakage current specifications) but is inside
the breakdown voltage of the channel protector. This circuit
protects the circuitry regardless of whether the power supplies
are present.
= –5
SS
V
D1
V
D2
V
D3
V
D4
V
D5
V
D6
V
D7
V
D8
V
S1
V
S2
V
S3
V
S4
V
S5
V
S6
V
S7
V
S8
ADC
ADG467
TVSs BREAKDOWN
VOLTAGE = 20V
08191-028
Figure 28. High Voltage Protection
Rev. B | Page 13 of 16
Page 14
ADG467
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
11.75 (0.4626)
11.35 (0.4469)
10
7.60 (0.2992)
7.40 (0.2913)
9
10.65 (0.4193)
10.00 (0.3937)
2.65 (0.1043)
2.35 (0.0925)
SEATING
PLANE
8°
0°
0.33 (0.0130)
0.20 (0.0079)
0
0
.
7
5
.
2
5
0
.
0
2
(
0
(
0
.
0
9
5
)
45°
9
8
)
1.27 (0.0500)
0.40 (0.0157)
060706-A
0.30 (0.0118)
0.10 (0.0039)
COPLANARITY
0.10
18
1
0.51 (0.0201)
1.27
(0.0500)
CONTROLL ING DIMENS IONS ARE IN MILLIM ETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS
(IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLI METER EQUIVALENTS FOR
REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRI ATE FOR USE IN DES IGN.
0.31 (0.0122)
BSC
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-013-AB
Figure 29. 18-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_W]
Wide Body (RW-18)
Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches)
7.50
7.20
6.90
20
1
11
5.60
5.30
8.20
5.00
7.80
10
7.40
2.00 MAX
0.05 MIN
COPLANARITY
0.10
1.85
1.75
1.65
0.38
0.65 BSC
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-150-AE
0.22
SEATING
PLANE
0.25
0.09
8°
4°
0°
0.95
0.75
0.55
060106-A
Figure 30. 20-Lead Shrink Small Outline Package [SSOP]
(RS-20)
Dimensions shown in millimeters
Rev. B | Page 14 of 16
Page 15
ADG467
ORDERING GUIDE
Model1 Temperature Range Package Description Package Option
ADG467BR −40°C to +85°C 18-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_W] RW-18
ADG467BR-REEL −40°C to +85°C 18-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_W] RW-18
ADG467BR-REEL7 −40°C to +85°C 18-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_W] RW-18
ADG467BRZ −40°C to +85°C 18-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_W] RW-18
ADG467BRZ-REEL −40°C to +85°C 18-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_W] RW-18
ADG467BRZ-REEL7 −40°C to +85°C 18-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_W] RW-18
ADG467BRS −40°C to +85°C 20-Lead Shrink Small Outline Package [SSOP] RS-20
ADG467BRS-REEL −40°C to +85°C 20-Lead Shrink Small Outline Package [SSOP] RS-20
ADG467BRSZ −40°C to +85°C 20-Lead Shrink Small Outline Package [SSOP] RS-20
ADG467BRSZ-REEL −40°C to +85°C 20-Lead Shrink Small Outline Package [SSOP] RS-20