FEATURES
150 MSPS Encode Rate
Low Input Capacitance: 17 pF
Low Power: 750 mW
–5.2 V Single Supply
MIL-STD-883 Compliant Versions Available
APPLICATIONS
Radar Systems
Digital Oscilloscopes/ATE Equipment
Laser/Radar Warning Receivers
Digital Radio
Electronic Warfare (ECM, ECCM, ESM)
Communication/Signal Intelligence
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD9002 is an 8-bit, high-speed, analog-to-digital converter.
The AD9002 is fabricated in an advanced bipolar process that
allows operation at sampling rates in excess of 150 megasamples/
second. Functionally, the AD9002 is comprised of 256 parallel
comparator stages whose outputs are decoded to drive the ECL
compatible output latches.
An exceptionally wide large signal analog input bandwidth of
160 MHz is due to an innovative comparator design and very
close attention to device layout considerations. The wide input
bandwidth of the AD9002 allows very accurate acquisition of
high speed pulse inputs, without an external track-and-hold.
The comparator output decoding scheme minimizes false codes,
which is critical to high speed linearity.
The AD9002 provides an external hysteresis control pin that
can be used to optimize comparator sensitivity to further improve
performance. Additionally, the AD9002’s low power dissipation
of 750 mW makes it usable over the full extended temperature
range. The AD9002 also incorporates an overflow bit to indicate
overrange inputs. This overflow output can be disabled with the
overflow inhibit pin.
Monolithic A/D Converter
AD9002
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
OVERFLOW
INHIBIT
ANALOG IN
+V
REF
REF
MID
–V
REF
ENCODE
ENCODE
R
R
R
R/2
R/2
R
R
256
255
128
127
2
1
GNDHYSTERESIS
The AD9002 is available in two grades, one with 0.5 LSB linearity
and one with 0.75 LSB linearity. Both versions are offered in an
industrial grade, –25°C to +85°C, packaged in a 28-lead DIP
and a 28-leaded JLCC. The military temperature range devices,
–55°C to +125°C, are available in ceramic DIP and LCC packages and comply with MIL-STD-883 Class B.
D
E
C
O
D
I
N
G
L
O
G
I
C
AD9002
L
A
T
C
H
–V
S
OVERFLOW
BIT 8 (MSB)
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1 (LSB)
REV. F
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise
under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Lead Soldering Temperature (10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C
NOTES
1
Absolute maximum ratings are limiting values, to be applied individually, and
beyond which the serviceability of the circuit may be impaired. Functional
operability under any of these conditions is not necessarily implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time may affect device
reliability.
2
+V
≥ –V
REF
3
Maximum junction temperature (tJ max) should not exceed 175°C for ceramic
packages, and 150°C for plastic packages:
tJ = PD (θJA) + t
PD (θJC) + t
where
PD = power dissipation
θJA = thermal impedance from junction to ambient (°C/W)
θJC = thermal impedance from junction to case (°C/W)
tA = ambient temperature (°C)
tC = case temperature (°C)
Test Level I– 100% production tested.
Test Level II– 100% production tested at 25°C, and sample
tested at specified temperatures.
Test Level III – Sample tested only.
Test Level IV – Parameter is guaranteed by design and
characterization testing.
Test Level V– Parameter is a typical value only.
Test Level VI –
All devices are 100% production tested at
25°C. 100% production tested at temperature
extremes for extended temperature devices;
sample tested at temperature extremes for
commercial/industrial devices.
ORDERING GUIDE
Package
ModelLinearity Temperature Range Option*
AD9002AD0.75 LSB–25°C to +85°CD-28
AD9002BD0.50 LSB–25°C to +85°CD-28
AD9002AJ0.75 LSB–25°C to +85°CJ-28
AD9002BJ0.50 LSB–25°C to +85°CJ-28
AD9002SD/883B 0.75 LSB–55°C to +125°CD-28
AD9002SE/883B 0.75 LSB–55°C to +125°CE-28A
AD9002TD/883B 0.50 LSB–55°C to +125°CD-28
AD9002TE/883B 0.50 LSB–55°C to +125°CE-28A
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection.
Although the AD9002 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may
occur on devices subjected to high-energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD
precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
REV. F
–3–
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
Page 4
AD9002
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Pin #MnemonicDescription
1DIGITAL GROUNDOne of four digital ground pins. All digital ground pins should be connected together.
2OVERFLOW INHOVERFLOW INHIBIT controls the data output polarity for overvoltage inputs.
delbanEwolfrevO
)V2.5–rognitaolF(
tupnIgolanA
V
V+>
NI
FER
Dfo8D–1
000000001111111110
wolfrevO)DNG(detibihnI
Dfo8D–1
VNI≤ V+
FER
XXXXXXXX0XXXXXXXX0
3HYSTERESISThe Hysteresis control voltage varies the comparator hysteresis from 0 mV to 10 mV, for a change
from –5.2 V to –2.2 V at the Hysteresis control pin. Normally converted to –5.2 V.
4+V
REF
The most positive reference voltage for the internal resistor ladder.
5ANALOG INPUTOne of two analog input pins. Both analog input pins should be connected together.
6ANALOG GROUNDOne of two analog ground pins. Both analog ground pins should be connected together.
7ENCODENoninverted input of the differential encode input. This pin is driven in conjunction with
ENCODE. Data is latched on the rising edge of the ENCODE signal.
8ENCODEInverted input of the differential encode input. This pin is driven in conjunction with ENCODE.
9ANALOG GROUNDOne of two analog ground pins. Both analog ground pins should be connected together.
10ANALOG INPUTOne of two analog input pins. Both analog inputs should be connected together.
11–V
REF
12REF
MID
The most negative reference voltage for the internal resistor ladder.
The midpoint tap on the internal resistor ladder.
13DIGITAL GROUNDOne of four digital ground pins. All digital ground pins should be connected together.
14DIGITAL –V
S
One of two negative digital supply pins (nominally –5.2 V). Both digital supply pins should be con-
nected together.
15D1 (LSB)Digital Data Output
16–19D2–D5Digital Data Output
20DIGITAL GROUNDOne of four digital ground pins. All digital ground pins should be connected together.
21, 22ANALOG –V
S
One of two negative analog supply pins (nominally –5.2 V). Both analog supply pins should be con-
nected together
23DIGITAL GROUNDOne of four digital ground pins. All digital ground pins should be connected together.
24, 25D6, D7Digital Data Output
26D8 (MSB)Digital Data Output
27OVERFLOWOverflow data output. Logic high indicates an input overvoltage (V
> +V
IN
) if OVERFLOW
REF
INHIBIT is enabled (overflow enabled, –5.2 V). See OVERFLOW INHIBIT.
28DIGITAL –V
S
One of two negative digital supply pins (nominally –5.2 V). Both digital supply pins should be
connected together.
DIGITAL
GROUND
OVERFLOW INH
HYSTERESIS
+V
ANALOG
GROUND
ENCODE
ENCODE
ANALOG
GROUND
–V
REF
DIGITAL
GROUND
DIGITAL –V
REF
REF
MID
ANALOG INPUT
ANALOG INPUT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
S
DIP
AD9002
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
28
DIGITAL –V
27
OVERFLOW
26
D8(MSB)
25
D7
24
D6
DIGITAL
23
GROUND
22
ANALOG –V
21
ANALOG –V
DIGITAL
20
GROUND
19
D5
18
D4
17
D3
16
D2
15
D1(LSB)
S
ANALOG INPUT
S
S
ANALOG INPUT
ANALOG
GROUND
ENCODE
ENCODE
ANALOG
GROUND
–V
REF
PIN DESIGNATIONS
LCC
S
REF
+V
OVERFLOW INH
HYSTERESIS
2
3426
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
AD9002
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
13 14 15 16 17 18
12
S
MID
REF
DIGITAL –V
DIGITAL GROUND
D8(MSB)
DIGITAL –V
DIGITAL GROUND
OVERFLOW
28 271
D3
D2
D4
D1(LSB)
–4–
25
D7
24
D6
DIGITAL
23
GROUND
22
ANALOG –V
21
ANALOG –V
DIGITAL
20
GROUND
19
D5
OVERFLOW
DIGITAL –V
S
OVERFLOW INH
S
HYSTERESIS
D8(MSB)
DIGITAL
GROUND
+V
REF
D7
25
24 23 22 21 20 19
26
27
28
S
1
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
ANALOG INPUT
JLCC
S
S
DIGITAL GROUND
ANALOG –V
D6
ANALOG –V
DIGITAL GROUND
AD9002
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
ENCODE
ENCODE
ANALOG GROUND
ANALOG INPUT
ANALOG GROUND
D5
REF
–V
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
D4
D3
D2
D1(LSB)
DIGITAL –V
DIGITAL
GROUND
REF
MID
REV. F
S
Page 5
AD9002
ENCODE
ENCODE
AD9002
–5.2V
ANALOG
INPUT
ENCODE
OUTPUT
DATA
ANALOG
INPUT
N + 1
N
APERTURE
DELAY
t
PD
N – 1
Figure 1. Timing Diagram
AD9002
–5.2V
–5.2V
COMPARATOR CELLS
–5.2V
Figure 2. Input/Output Circuits
–5.2V
N + 2
N
R
N + 1
+V
REF
AD9002
R/2
REF
R/2
R
MID
DIGITAL
OUTPUT
–V
REF
0.1F
–V
S
HYSTERESIS
100
AD1
1k
AD2
1k
AD3
–2V
STATIC BURN IN
DYNAMIC BURN IN
ALL RESISTORS 5%,
ALL CAPACITORS 20%, F
ALL SUPPLIES 5%
The AD9002 is compatible with all standard ECL logic families,
including 10K and 10KH. 100K ECL’s logic levels are temperature compensated, and are therefore compatible with the AD9002
(and most other ECL device families) only over a limited temperature range. To operate at the highest encode rates, the supporting
logic around the AD9002 will need to be equally fast. Whichever of the ECL logic families is used, special care must be
exercised to keep digital switching noise away from the analog circuits around the AD9002. The two most critical items
are digital supply lines and digital ground return.
The input capacitance of the AD9002 is an exceptionally low
17 pF. This allows the use of a wide range of input amplifiers,
both hybrid and monolithic. To take full advantage of the wide
input bandwidth of the AD9002, a hybrid amplifier such as the
AD9610 will be required. For those applications that do not
require the full input bandwidth of the AD9002, more traditional monolithic amplifiers, such as the AD846, will work very
well. Overall performance with any amplifier can be improved
by inserting a 10 Ω resistor in series with the amplifier output.
The output data is buffered through the ECL compatible output
latches. All data is delayed by one clock cycle, in addition to the
latch propagation delay (t
), before becoming available at the
PD
outputs. Both the analog-to-digital conversion cycle and the
data transfer to the output latches are triggered on the rising
edge of the differential, ECL compactible ENCODE signal (see
timing diagram). In applications where only a single-ended signal is
available, the AD96685, a high speed, ECL voltage comparator,
can be employed to generate the differential signals. All ECL
signals (including the overflow bit) should be terminated properly to avoid ringing and reflection.
The AD9002 also incorporates a HYSTERESIS control pin
which provides from 0 mV to 10 mV of additional hysteresis in
the comparator input stages. Adjustments in the HYSTERESIS
control voltage may help improve noise immunity and overall
performance in harsh environments.
The OVERFLOW INHIBIT pin of the AD9002 determines
how the converter handles overrange inputs (AIN ≥ +V
REF
). In
the “enabled” state (floating at –5.2 V), the OVERFLOW output will be at logic HIGH and all other outputs will be at logic
LOW for overrange inputs (return-to-zero operation). In the
“inhibited” state (tied to ground), the OVERFLOW output will
be at logic LOW, and all other outputs will be at logic HIGH
for overrange inputs (nonreturn-to-zero operation).
The AD9002 provides outstanding error rate performance. This
is due to tight control of comparator offset matching and a fault
tolerant decoding stage. Additional improvements in error rate
are possible through the addition of hysteresis (see HYSTERESIS
control pin). This level of performance is extremely important in
fault-sensitive applications such as digital radio (QAM).
Dramatic improvements in comparator design and construction
give the AD9002 excellent dynamic characteristics, especially
SNR (signal-to-noise ratio). The 160 MHz input bandwidth
and low error rate performance give the AD9002 an SNR of
48 dB with a 1.23 MHz input. High SNR performance is particularly important in wide bandwidth applications, such as
pulse signature analysis, commonly performed in advanced
radar receivers.
LAYOUT SUGGESTIONS
Designs using the AD9002, like all high speed devices, must
follow a few basic layout rules to insure optimum performance.
Essentially, these guidelines are meant to avoid many of the
problems associated with high speed designs. The first requirement is for a substantial ground plane around and under the
AD9002. Separate ground plane areas for the digital and analog
components may be useful, but these separate grounds should
be connected together at the AD9002 to avoid the effects of
“ground loop” currents.
The second area that requires an extra degree of attention involves
the three reference inputs, +V
+V
input and the –V
REF
REF
low impedance source (note that the +V
REF
, REF
MID
, and –V
REF
. The
input should both be driven from a
input is typically
REF
tied to analog ground). A low drift amplifier should provide
satisfactory results, even over an extended temperature range.
Adjustments at the REF
input may be useful in improving the
MID
integral linearity by correcting any reference ladder skews. The
application circuit shown below demonstrates a simple and
effective means of driving the reference circuit.
The reference inputs should be adequately decoupled to ground
through 0.1 µF chip capacitors to limit the effects of system noise
on conversion accuracy. The power supply pins must also be
decoupled to ground to improve noise immunity; 0.1 µF and
0.01 µF chip capacitors are recommended.
The analog input signal is brought into the AD9002 through
two separate input pins. It is very important that the two input
pins be driven symmetrically with equal length electrical connections. Otherwise, aperture delay errors may degrade converter
performance at high frequencies.
–15V
1k
4k
100
2N3906
10
0.1F
–V
REF
A
IN
A
IN
AD9002
ENCODE
ENCODE
–5.2A
0.1F
+V
–5.2D
REF
OVERFLOW
D8 (MSB)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1 (LSB)
0.1F
0.01F
ANALOG
INPUT
(0V TO 2V)
NYQUEST
FILTER
50
ENCODE
INPUT
(GROUND
THRESHOLD)
1.5k
AD9611
50
40
0.1F
0.01F
AD741
EQUAL
DISTANCE
AD96685
Figure 5. Typical Application
–6–
REV. F
Page 7
AD9002
150
2N3906
OVERFLOW
D8(MSB)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1(LSB)
–5.2D
–5.2A
0.01F
0.1F
0.1F
0.01F
ENCODE
ENCODE
A
IN
A
IN
–V
REF
+V
REF
AD741
HOS200
AD96687
75
AD9002*
EQUAL
DISTANCE
2k
ENCODE INPUT
(GROUND
THRESHOLD)
ANALOG
INPUT
1k
4.3k
–15V
50
AD9768
DAC
OVERFLOW
INH
10F
3.9k
1k
0.1F
–15V
625
1k
–5.2V
AD96687
50
0.1F
HYSTERESIS
–5.2V
510
0.1F
510
–5.2V
1k
DELAY
50
0.1F0.01F
90
2090
LINE
DRIVER
100114
HOS100HOS100
LINEARITY OUTPUT
(ERROR WAVEFORM)
RECONSTRUCTED
OUTPUT
3.75
50
1k
AD96687
AD96687
NOTE:
100114 LINE DRIVER OUTPUTS
REQUIRE 510 PULL-DOWN
RESISTORS TO –5.2V. ALL OTHER
ECL OUTPUTS SHOULD BE
TERMINATED TO –2V WITH
100 RESISTERS, UNLESS
OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
RESISTORS ARE IN .
CAPACITORS ARE IN F.
REGISTER
100151
0.1F
REF
MID
*CONTACT FACTORY ABOUT
EVALUATION BOARD AVAILABILITY