FEATURES
7 ns Propagation Delay at 5 V
Single Supply Operation: 3 V to 10 V
Low Power
Latch Function
TSSOP Packages
APPLICATIONS
High Speed Timing
Clock Recovery and Clock Distribution
Line Receivers
Digital Communications
Phase Detectors
High Speed Sampling
Read Channel Detection
PCMCIA Cards
Upgrade for LT1016 Designs
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD8561 is a single 7 ns comparator with separate input and
output sections. Separate supplies enable the input stage to be
operated from ±5 V dual supplies and +5 V single supplies.
Fast 7 ns propagation delay makes the AD8561 a good choice
for timing circuits and line receivers. Propagation delays for
rising and falling signals are closely matched and track over
temperature. This matched delay makes the AD8561 a good
choice for clock recovery, since the duty cycle of the output will
match the duty cycle of the input.
The AD8561 has the same pinout as the LT1016, with lower
supply current and a wider common-mode input range, which
includes the negative supply rail.
The AD8561 is specified over the industrial (–40°C to +85°C)
temperature range. The AD8561 is available in both the 8-lead
plastic DIP, 8-lead TSSOP or narrow SO-8 surface mount
packages.
Single Supply Comparator
PIN CONFIGURATIONS
8-Lead Narrow Body SO
(SO-8)
ⴙIN
ⴚIN
Vⴙ
Vⴚ
AD8561
OUT
OUT
GND
LATCH
8-Lead TSSOP
(RU-8)
AD8561
8-Lead Plastic DIP
(N-8)
8
7
6
5
ⴙIN
ⴚIN
Vⴙ
1
2
3
4
AD8561
OUT
OUT
GND
LATCHVⴚ
REV. 0
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Lead Temperature Range (Soldering, 10 sec) . . . . . . . +300°C
ORDERING GUIDE
TemperaturePackagePackage
ModelRangeDescriptionOptions
AD8561AN–40°C to +85°C8-Lead Plastic DIPN-8
AD8561ARU–40°C to +85°C8-Lead Thin Shrink Small OutlineRU-8
AD8561AR–40°C to +85°C8-Lead Small Outline ICSO-8
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection.
Although the AD8561 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may
occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD
precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
Figure 6. Propagation Delay vs. Positive Supply Voltage
Figure 9. Latch Setup-and-Hold Time
vs. Temperature
Page 6
AD8561
TEMPERATURE – 8C
I–, ANALOG SUPPLY CURRENT – mA
0
–1.0
–5.0
–75 –50150–25 0 2575 100 12550
–2.0
–3.0
–4.0
V+ = 5V, V– = 0V
V+ = 5V, V– = –5V
INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE – Volts
INPUT BIAS CURRENT – mA
0
–1
–5
–7.55
–5–2.502.5
–2
–3
–4
0.5
0.4
0.3
TA = –408C
0.2
0.1
OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE – Volts
TA = +1258C
0
36912
015
SINK CURRENT – mA
Figure 10. Output Low Voltage, V
TA = +258C
OL
vs. Sink Current
0
–1.0
TA = –408C
–2.0
TA = +258C
–3.0
–4.0
I–, ANALOG SUPPLY CURRENT – mA
–5.0
46810
212
TA = +1258C
SUPPLY VOLTAGE –Volts
Figure 13. Analog Supply Current vs.
Supply Voltage for +5 V, –5 V Supplies
5.0
4.4
TA = +1258C
3.8
3.2
2.6
OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE – Volts
2.0
015
Figure 11. Output High Voltage, V
vs. Source Current
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
POSITIVE SUPPLY CURRENT – mA
0
110100
Figure 14. Positive Supply Current
vs. Frequency
TA = +258C
TA = –408C
36912
SOURCE CURRENT – mA
+1258C
+258C
–408C
FREQUENCY – MHz
OH
Figure 12. Analog Supply Current vs.
Temperature for +5 V, –5 V Supplies
Figure 15. Input Bias Current vs. Input
Common-Mode Voltage for +5 V, –5 V
Supplies
0
–1.0
–2.0
–3.0
–4.0
INPUT BIAS CURRENT – mA
–5.0
–75 –50150
–25 0 2575 100 12550
TEMPERATURE – 8C
Figure 16. Input Bias Current vs.
Temperature
–6–REV. 0
Page 7
AD8561
APPLICATIONS
OPTIMIZING HIGH SPEED PERFORMANCE
As with any high speed comparator or amplifier, proper design
and layout techniques should be used to ensure optimal performance from the AD8561. The performance limits of high speed
circuitry can easily be a result of stray capacitance, improper
ground impedance or other layout issues.
Minimizing resistance from source to the input is an important
consideration in maximizing the high speed operation of the
AD8561. Source resistance in combination with equivalent
input capacitance could cause a lagged response at the input,
thus delaying the output. The input capacitance of the AD8561
in combination with stray capacitance from an input pin to
ground could result in several picofarads of equivalent capaci-
tance. A combination of 3 kΩ source resistance and 5 pF of
input capacitance yields a time constant of 15 ns, which is
slower than the 5 ns capability of the AD8561. Source imped-
ances should be less than 1 kΩ for the best performance.
It is also important to provide bypass capacitors for the power
supply in a high speed application. A 1 µF electrolytic bypass
capacitor should be placed within 0.5 inches of each power
supply pin, Pin 1 and Pin 4, to ground. These capacitors will
reduce any potential voltage ripples from the power supply. In
addition, a 10 nF ceramic capacitor should be placed as close as
possible from the power supply pins to ground. These capacitors
act as a charge reservoir for the device during high frequency
switching.
A ground plane is recommended for proper high speed performance. This can be created by using a continuous conductive
plane over the surface of the circuit board, only allowing breaks
in the plane for necessary current paths. The ground plane
provides a low inductive ground, eliminating any potential differences at different ground points throughout the circuit board
caused from “ground bounce.” A proper ground plane also
minimizes the effects of stray capacitance on the circuit board.
REPLACING THE LT1016
The AD8561 is pin compatible with the LT1016 comparator.
While it is easy to replace the LT1016 with the higher performance AD8561, please note that there are differences, and it is
useful to check these to ensure proper operation.
There are five major differences between the AD8561 and the
LT1016—input voltage range, input bias currents, speed, output swing and power consumption.
When operated on a +5 V single supply, the LT1016 has an
input voltage range from +1.25 V to +3.5 V. The AD8561 has a
wider input range from 0 V to 3.0 V. Signals above 3.0 V may
result in slower response times (see Figure 8). If both signals
exceed 3.0 V, the signals may be shifted or attenuated to bring
them into range, keeping in mind the note about source resistance in Optimizing High Speed Performance. If only one of the
signals exceeds 3.0 V only slightly, and the other signal is always
well within the 0 V to 3 V range, the comparator may operate
without changes to the circuit.
Example: A comparator compares a fast moving signal to a
fixed 2.5 V reference. Since the comparator only needs to operate when the signal is near 2.5 V, both signals will be within the
input range (near 2.5 V and well under 3.0 V) when the comparator needs to change output.
Note that signals much greater than 3.0 V will result increased
input currents and may cause the device to operate more slowly.
The input bias current of the AD8561 is lower (–3 µA typical)
than the LT1016 (+5 µA typical), and the current flows out of
the AD8561 and into LT1016. If relatively low value resistors
and/or low impedance sources are used on the inputs, the voltage shift due to bias current should be small.
The AD8561 (6.75 ns typical) is faster than the LT1016 (10 ns
typical). While this is beneficial to many systems, timing may
need to be adjusted to take advantage of the higher speed.
The AD8561 has slightly more output voltage swing, from 0.2 V
above ground to within 1.1 V of the positive supply voltage.
The AD8561 uses less current (typically 5 mA) than the LT1016
(typically 25 mA).
INCREASING OUTPUT SWING
Although not required for normal operation, the output voltage
swing of the AD8561 can be increased by connecting a 5 kΩ
resistor from the output of the device to the V+ power supply.
This configuration can be useful in low voltage power supply
applications where maximizing output voltage swing is impor-
tant. Adding a 5 kΩ pull-up resistor to the device’s output will
not adversely affect the specifications of the AD8561.
OUTPUT LOADING CONSIDERATIONS
The AD8561 output can deliver up to 40 mA of output current
without any significant increase in propagation delay. The
output of the device should not be connected to more than
twenty (20) TTL input logic gates, or drive a load resistance
less than 100 Ω.
To ensure the best performance from the AD8561 it is important to minimize capacitive loading of the output of the device.
Capacitive loads greater than 50 pF will cause ringing on the
output waveform and will reduce the operating bandwidth of
the comparator.
SETUP AND HOLD TIMES FOR LATCHING THE
OUTPUT
The latch input, Pin 5, can be used to retain data at the output
of the AD8561. When the voltage at the latch input goes high,
the output of the device will remain constant regardless of the
input voltages. The setup time for the latch is 2 ns–3 ns and the
hold time is 3 ns. This means that to ensure data retention at
the output, the input signal must be valid at least 5 ns before
the latch pin goes high and must remain valid at least 3 ns after
the latch pin goes high. Once the latch input voltage goes low,
new output data will appear in approximately 8 ns.
A logic high for the latch input is a minimum of +2.0 V and a
logic low is a maximum of +0.8 V. This makes the latch input
easily interface with TTL or CMOS logic gates. The latch
circuitry in the AD8561 has no built-in hysteresis.
–7–REV. 0
Page 8
AD8561
INPUT STAGE AND BIAS CURRENTS
The AD8561 uses a PNP differential input stage that enables
the input common-mode range to extend all the way from the
negative supply rail to within 2.2 V of the positive supply rail.
The input common-mode voltage can be found as the average
of the voltage at the two inputs of the device. To ensure the
fastest response time, care should be taken not to allow the
input common-mode voltage to exceed either of these voltages.
The input bias current for the AD8561 is 3 µA. As with any
PNP differential input stage, this bias current will go to zero on
an input that is high and will double on an input that is low.
Care should be taken in choosing resistor values to be connected to the inputs as large resistors could cause significant
voltage drops due to the input bias current.
The input capacitance for the AD8561 is typically 3 pF. This is
measured by inserting a 5 kΩ source resistance to the input and
measuring the change in propagation delay.
USING HYSTERESIS
Hysteresis can easily be added to a comparator through the
addition of positive feedback. Adding hysteresis to a comparator
offers an advantage in noisy environments where it is not desirable for the output to toggle between states when the input
signal is near the switching threshold. Figure 17 shows a
method for configuring the AD8561 with hysteresis.
The input signal is connected directly to the noninverting input
of the comparator. The output is fed back to the inverting input
through R1 and R2. The ratio of R1 to R1 + R2 establishes the
width of the hysteresis window with V
setting the center of
REF
the window, or the average switching voltage. The Q output will
switch high when the input voltage is greater than V
not switch low again until the input voltage is less than V
and will
HI
LO
as
given in Equation 1:
V
= V
–1–V
()
HI
+
V
LO=VREF
Where V
is the positive supply voltage.
+
The capacitor C
REF
1–
R1+R2
can also be added to introduce a pole into the
F
R1+R2
R1
R1
+V
REF
(1)
feedback network. This has the effect of increasing the amount
of hysteresis at high frequencies. This can be useful when comparing a relatively slow signal in a high frequency noise environ-
ment. At frequencies greater than f
=
P
2πC
, the hysteresis
R2
F
1
window approaches VHI = V+ – 1 V and VLO = 0 V. At frequencies less than f