FEATURES
Complete Dual 12-Bit DAC
No External Components
+5 V Single-Supply Operation 610%
4.095 V Full Scale (1 mV/LSB)
Buffered Voltage Outputs
Low Power: 5 mW/DAC
Space Saving 1.5 mm Height SO-14 Package
APPLICATIONS
Digitally Controlled Calibration
Servo Controls
Process Control Equipment
Computer Peripherals
Portable Instrumentation
Cellular Base Stations Voltage Adjustment
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD8522 is a complete dual 12-bit, single-supply, voltage
output DAC in a 14-pin DIP, or SO-14 surface mount package.
Fabricated in a CBCMOS process, features include a serial digital interface, onboard reference, and buffered voltage output.
Ideal for +5 V-only systems, this monolithic device offers low
cost and ease of use, and requires no external components to
realize the full performance of the device.
The serial digital interface allows interfacing directly to numerous microcontroller ports, with a simple high speed, three-wire
data, clock, and load strobe format. The 16-bit serial word contains the 12-bit data word and DAC select address, which is decoded internally or can be decoded externally using
LDA, LDB
Dual 12-Bit DAC
AD8522
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
V
DD
CS
CLK
SDI
(DATA)
SDO
LDA
LDB
CLK
LATCH
SHIFT
REGISTER
CONTROL
LOGIC
DGND
DAC A
REGISTER
D
12
D
DAC B
REGISTER
12
12
MSB
DAC A
BANDGAP
REFERENCE
DAC B
AD8522
RS
inputs. A serial data output allows the user to easily daisy-chain
multiple devices in conjunction with a chip select input. A reset
RS input sets the outputs to zero scale or midscale, as determined by the input MSB.
The output 4.095 V full scale is laser trimmed to maintain accuracy over the operating temperature range of the device, and
gives the user an easy-to-use one-millivolt-per-bit resolution. A
2.5 V reference output is also available externally for other data
acquisition circuitry, and for ratiometric applications. The output buffers are capable of driving ± 5 mA.
The AD8522 is available in the 14-pin plastic DIP and low profile 1.5 mm SOIC-14 packages.
AGND
REF
BUF
REF
BUF
OP
AMP
A
OP
AMP
B
V
V
V
OUTA
REF
OUTB
0.6
0.4
0.2
–0.2
–0.4
–0.6
LINEARITY ERROR – LSB
–0.8
–1.0
VDD = +4.5V
= –55°C, +25°C, +85°C, +125°C
T
A
0
+85°C
+125°C
DIGITAL INPUT CODE – Decimal
+25°C
–55°C
40960307210242048
Figure 1. Linearity Error vs. Digital Code & Temperature
REV. A
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
PACKAGE TYPES AVAILABLE
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood. MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 617/329-4700Fax: 617/326-8703
AD8522–SPECIFICA TIONS
(@ VDD = +5.0 V 6 10%, RL = No Load, –408C ≤ TA ≤ +858C, both DACs tested, unless
Output CurrentI
Load Regulation at Half-ScaleLD
Capacitive Load
REFERENCE OUTPUT
Output VoltageV
Output Source Current
Line RejectionLN
Load RegulationLD
LOGIC INPUTS & OUTPUTS
Logic Input Low VoltageV
Logic Input High VoltageV
Input Leakage CurrentI
Input Capacitance
Logic Output Voltage LowV
Logic Output Voltage HighV
TIMING SPECIFICATIONS
Clock Width Hight
Clock Width Lowt
Load Pulse Widtht
Data Setupt
Data Holdt
Clear Pulse Widtht
Load Setupt
Load Holdt
Selectt
Deselectt
Clock to SDO Propagation Delayt
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Voltage Output Settling Time6t
CrosstalkC
DAC GlitchQHalf-Scale Transition13nV s
Digital FeedthroughD
SUPPLY CHARACTERISTICS
Positive Supply CurrentI
Power Dissipation
Power Supply SensitivityPSS∆VDD = ±5%0.0020.004%/%
NOTES
1
1 LSB = 1 mV for 0 V to +4.095 V output range.
2
Includes internal voltage reference error.
3
These parameters are guaranteed by design and not subject to production testing.
4
Very little sink current is available at the V
5
All input control signals are specified with tr = tf = 5 ns (10% to 90% of +5 V) and timed from a voltage level of 1.6 V.
6
The settling time specification does not apply for negative going transitions within the last 6 LSBs of ground. Some devices exhibit double the typical settling time in this 6 LSB region.
7
Power Dissipation is calculated IDD × 5 V.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
1
2
2, 3
3
4
3
3, 5
3, 5
7
N12Bits
ZSE
V
FS
TCV
OUT
C
L
REF
I
REF
IL
IH
IL
C
IL
OL
OH
CH
CL
LDW
DS
DH
CLRW
LD1
LD2
CSS
CSH
PD
S
T
FT
DD
P
DISS
pin. Use external buffer if setting up a virtual ground.
To ±1 LSB of Final Value16µs
Signal Measured at DAC Output,
While Changing Opposite
LDA/B38dB
Signal Measured at DAC Output,
While Changing Data Without LDA/B2nV s
VDD = 5.5 V, VIH = 2.4 V or VIL = 0.8 V35mA
= 5 V, VIL = 0 V12mA
V
DD
VDD = 5 V, VIH = 2.4 V or VIL = 0.8 V1525mW
= 5 V, VIL = 0 V510mW
V
DD
–2–
REV. A
AD8522
NC
CL
tDSt
DB11 DB10
DH
t
LD2
DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
t
LDW
Figure 2. Timing Diagram
t
CSH
t
LD2
t
t
PD
t
t
S
±1 LSB
ERROR BAND
CLRW
t
S
LDW
SDI
CLK
SDO
CLK
V
CS
LD
SDI
LD
RS
OUT
Sf/Hd
t
LD1
t
CH
FS
ZS
t
AB
CSS
t
SERIAL INPUT REGISTER DATA FORMAT
LastFirst
D0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7D8D9D10D11D12D13D14D15
DB0DB1DB2DB3DB4DB5DB6DB7DB8DB9DB10DB11 NCABSf/Hd
Table I. Truth Table
Data WordExt Pins
Sf/HdBALDALDBDAC Register
Hardware Load:
LXX↓↓Loads DACA + DACB with Data from SR
LXX↓HLoads DACA with Data from SR
L XXH↓Loads DACB with Data from SR
LXXHHNo Load
Software Decode Load:
HLLXXNo Load
HHL↓↓Loads DACB with Data from SR, See Note 1 Below
HHLHHNo Load
HLH↓↓Loads DACA with Data from SR, See Note 1 Below
HLHHHNo Load
HHH↓↓Loads DACA + DACB with Data from SR, See 1 Note Below
HHHHHNo Load
NOTES
1
In software mode LDA and LDB perform the same function. They can be tied together or the unused pin should be tied high.
2
External Pins LDA and LDB should always be high when shifting Data into the shift register.
3
↓ symbol denotes negative transition.
1.6mA
REV. A
SDO
200µA
1.6 VOLT
Figure 3. AC Timing SDO Pin Load Circuit
–3–
AD8522
PIN DESCRIPTION
PinFunction
SDISerial Data Input, input data loads directly into the shift register.
CLKClock input, positive edge clocks data into shift register.
CSChip Select, active low input. Prevents shift register loading when high. Does not affect LDA and LDB operation.
LDA/BLoad DAC register strobes, active low. Transfers shift register data to DAC register. See truth table for operation.
Software decode feature only requires one
other pin tied high.
SDOSerial Data Output. Output of shift register, always active.
RSResets DAC registers to condition determined by MSB pin. Active low input.
MSBDigital input: High presets DAC registers to half scale (800
strobed to active low.
V
DD
Positive +5 V power supply input. Tolerance ±10%.
AGNDAnalog Ground Input.
DGNDDigital Ground Input.
V
REF
V
OUT A/B
Reference Voltage Output, 2.5 V nominal.
DAC A/B voltage outputs, 4.095 V full scale, ±5 mA output.
LD strobe. Tie LDA and LDB together or use one of them with the
); Low clears all registers to zero (000H), when RS is
Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . .–40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . .–65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . +300°C
*Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause
permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the
operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ORDERING GUIDE
TemperaturePackagePackage
ModelRangeDescriptionOption
AD8522AN–40°C to +85°C14-Pin P-DIPN-14
AD8522AR–40°C to +85°C14-Lead SOIC SO-14
1XNo Effect
The AD8522 contains 1482 transistors.
0↑Shifts Register One Bit, SDO Outputs Data
from 16 Clocks Earlier
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection.
Although the AD8522 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may
occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD
precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
–4–
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
REV. A
AD8522
OPERATION
The AD8522 is a complete ready-to-use dual 12-bit digital-toanalog converter. Only one +5 V power supply is necessary for
operation. It contains two voltage-switched, 12-bit, lasertrimmed digital-to-analog converters, a curvature-corrected
bandgap reference, rail-to-rail output op amps, input registers,
and DAC registers. The serial data interface consists of a serial
data input (SDI), clock (CLK), and two load strobe pins (
LDA,
LDB) with an active low CS strobe. In addition, an asynchro-
nous
RS pin will set all DAC register bits to zero causing the
V
to become zero volts, or to midscale for trimming applica-
OUT
tions when the MSB pin is programmed to Logic 1. This function is useful for power on reset or system failure recovery to a
known state.
D/A CONVERTER SECTION
The internal DAC is a 12-bit voltage-mode device with an output that swings from AGND potential to the 2.5 V internal
bandgap voltage. It uses a laser-trimmed R-2R ladder which is
switched by N channel MOSFETs. The output voltage of the
DAC has a constant resistance independent of digital input
code. The DAC output is internally connected to the rail-to-rail
output op amp.
AMPLIFIER SECTION
The internal DAC’s output is buffered by a low power consumption precision amplifier. This low power amplifier contains
a differential PNP pair input stage that provides low offset voltage and low noise, as well as the ability to amplify the zero-scale
DAC output voltages. The rail-to-rail amplifier is configured in
a gain of 1.638 (= 4.095 V/2.5 V) in order to set the 4.095 V
full-scale output (1 mV/LSB). See Figure 4 for an equivalent
circuit schematic of the analog section.
R
R
2R
RAIL-TO-RAIL
OUTPUT
AMPLIFIER
R2
R1
A
= 4.096/2.5
V
= 1.638V/V
V
OUT
BANDGAP
REFERENCE
V
2.5V
REF
VOLTAGE SWITCHED 12-BIT
R-2R D/A CONVERTER
BUFFER
SPDT
N CH FET
SWITCHES
2R
2R
2R
2R
Figure 4. Equivalent AD8522 Schematic of Analog Portion
The op amp has a 16 µs typical settling time to 0.01%. There
are slight differences in settling time for negative slewing signals
versus positive. See the oscilloscope photos in the “Typical Performance Characteristics” section of this data sheet.
OUTPUT SECTION
The rail-to-rail output stage of this amplifier has been designed
to provide precision performance while operating near either
power supply. Figure 5 shows an equivalent output schematic of
the rail-to-rail amplifier with its N channel pull-down FETs that
will pull an output load directly to GND. The output sourcing
current is provided by a P channel pull-up device that can supply GND terminated loads, especially important at the –10%
supply tolerance value of 4.5 V.
V
DD
P-CH
V
OUT
N-CH
AGND
Figure 5. Equivalent Analog Output Circuit
Figures 6 and 7 in the typical performance characteristics section provide information on output swing performance near
ground and full scale as a function of load. In addition to resistive load driving capability the amplifier has also been carefully
designed and characterized for up to 500 pF capacitive load
driving capability.
REFERENCE SECTION
The internal 2.5 V curvature-corrected bandgap voltage reference is laser trimmed for both initial accuracy and low temperature coefficient. The voltage generated by the reference is
available at the V
pin. Since V
REF
is not intended to drive
REF
heavy external loads, it must be buffered. The equivalent emitter follower output circuit of the V
Bypassing the V
pin will improve noise performance; how-
REF
pin is shown in Figure 4.
REF
ever, bypassing is not required for proper operation. Figure 10
shows broad band noise performance.
POWER SUPPLY
The very low power consumption of the AD8522 is a direct
result of a circuit design optimizing use of a CBCMOS process.
By using the low power characteristics of the CMOS for the
logic, and the low noise, tight matching of the complementary
bipolar transistors good analog accuracy is achieved.
For power consumption sensitive applications it is important to
note that the internal power consumption of the AD8522 is
strongly dependent on the actual in
the SDI, CLK,
CS, MSB, LDA, LDB and RS pins. Since these in-
put voltage levels present on
puts are standard CMOS logic structures, they contribute static
power dissipation dependent on the actual driving logic VOH and
VOL voltage levels. Consequently for optimum dissipation use of
CMOS logic versus TTL provides minimal dissipation in the static
state. A V
= 0 V on the logic input pins provides the lowest
INL
standby dissipation of 1 mA with a +5 V power supply.
As with any analog system, it is recommended that the AD8522
power supply be bypassed on the same PC card that contains
the chip. Figure 12 shows the power supply rejection versus frequency performance. This should be taken into account when
using higher frequency switched-mode power supplies with
ripple frequencies of 100 kHz and higher.
One advantage of the rail-to-rail output amplifiers used in the
AD8522 is the wide range of usable supply voltage. The part is
fully specified and tested over temperature for operation from
+4.5 V to +5.5 V. If reduced linearity and source current capability near full scale can be tolerated, operation of the AD8522
REV. A
–5–
AD8522
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
013452
VDD = +4.5V
VDD = +5V
TA = +25°C
SUPPLY CURRENT I
DD
– mA
LOGIC INPUT VOLTAGE VINH – Volts
is possible down to +4.3 V. The minimum operating supply
voltage versus load current plot, in Figure 7, provides information for operation below V
= +4.5 V.
DD
TIMING AND CONTROL
The AD8522 has a 16-bit serial input register that accepts
clocked in data when the CS pin is active low. The DAC registers are updated by the Load Enable (
LDA and LDB) pins.
The AD8522 offers two modes of data loading. The first mode,
hardware-load, directs the data currently clocked into the serial
shift register into either the DAC A or the DAC B register or
both depending on the external active low strobing of the
or
LDB pin. Serial data register bit Sf/Hd must be low for this
LDA
mode to be in effect.
The second mode of operation is software-load which is de-
signed to minimize the number of control lines connected to
the AD8522. In this mode of operation the
LDA and LDB pins
act as one control input taking the present contents of the serial
Typical Performance Characteristics
5
4
3
2
1
OUTPUT VOLTAGE – Volts
0
10100100k10k1k
RL TIED TO +5V
DATA = 000
LOAD RESISTANCE – Ω
VDD = +5V
T
= +25°C
A
RL TIED TO AGND
DATA = FFF
H
VINH = +5V
L = 0V
V
IN
H
5.2
5.0
4.8
PROPER OPERATION
4.6
MIN – Volts
DD
V
4.4
4.2
4.0
0.01
∆VFS ≤ 1 LSB
DATA = FFF
TA = +25°C
WHEN V
VOLTAGE IS ABOVE
OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT – mA
H
SUPPLY
DD
CURVE
0.1100101.0
input register and transferring the 12 bits of data into the decoded address determined by the address bits A and B in the serial input register.
Unipolar Output Operation
This is the basic mode of operation for the AD8522. The
AD8522 has been designed to drive loads as low as 820 Ω in
parallel with 500 pF. The code table for this operation is shown
in Table III.
Table III. Unipolar Code Table
HexadecimalDecimalAnalog
Number inNumber inOutput
DAC RegisterDAC RegisterVoltage (V)