12-/16-bit resolution and monotonicity
Current output ranges: 4 mA to 20 mA, 0 mA to 20 mA, or
0 mA to 24 mA
±0.01% FSR typical total unadjusted error (TUE)
±3 ppm/°C typical output drift
Flexible serial digital interface
On-chip output fault detection
On-chip reference (10 ppm/°C maximum)
Asynchronous clear function
Power supply (AV
10.8 V to 40 V; AD5410AREZ/AD5420AREZ
10.8 V to 60 V; AD5410ACPZ/AD5420ACPZ
Output loop compliance to AV
Temperature range: −40°C to +85°C
24-lead TSSOP and 40-Lead LFCSP packages
APPLICATIONS
Process control
Actuator control
PLC
) range
DD
− 2.5 V
DD
4 mA to 20 mA, Current Source DAC
AD5410/AD5420
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD5410/AD5420 are low cost, precision, fully integrated
12-/16-bit converters offering a programmable current source
output designed to meet the requirements of industrial process
control applications. The output current range is programmable
at 4 mA to 20 mA, 0 mA to 20 mA, or an overrange function of
0 mA to 24 mA. The output is open-circuit protected. The
device operates with a power supply (AV
to 60 V. Output loop compliance is 0 V to AV
The flexible serial interface is SPI, MICROWIRE™, QSPI™, and
DSP compatible and can be operated in 3-wire mode to
minimize the digital isolation required in isolated applications.
The device also includes a power-on reset function, ensuring
that the device powers up in a known state, and an asynchronous
CLEAR pin that sets the output to the low end of the selected
current range.
The total unadjusted error is typically ±0.01% FSR.
) range from 10.8 V
DD
− 2.5 V.
DD
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
DV
CC
SELECT
DV
CC
CAP1
CAP2
AD5410/AD5420
CLEA
LATCH
SCLK
SDIN
SDO
INPUT SHIFT
REGISTER
AND CONTROL
LOGIC
POWER-
ON
RESET
12/16
VREF
12-/16-BIT
DAC
REFIN
Figure 1.
R2R3
R
SET
AV
DD
R3
SENSE
BOOST
I
OUT
FAULT
R
SET
GNDREFOUT
07027-001
Rev. B
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other
rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Offset Error Temperature Coefficient (TC)3
Gain Error −0.08 +0.08 % FSR
−0.05 ±0.003 +0.05 % FSR TA = 25°C
Gain Error Temperature Coefficient (TC)3
Full-Scale Error −0.15 +0.15 % FSR
−0.06 ±0.01 +0.06 % FSR TA = 25°C
Full-Scale Error Temperature Coefficient (TC)3
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS3
Current Loop Compliance Voltage 0 AVDD − 2.5V
Output Current Drift vs. Time 50 ppm FSR Internal R
20 ppm FSR External R
Resistive Load 1200 Ω
Inductive Load 50 mH TA = 25°C
DC Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) 1 μA/V
SET
±10 ppm FSR/°C
±12 ppm FSR/°C
Assumes an ideal 15 kΩ resistor
SET
−0.012 +0.012 % FSR AD5420
±3 ppm FSR/°C
±4 ppm FSR/°C
±7 ppm FSR/°C
Rev. B | Page 3 of 28
= 300 Ω; all specifications T
LOAD
AD5410, T
A
SET
SET
MIN
to T
MAX
,
= 25°C
, drift after 1000 hours at 125°C
, drift after 1000 hours at 125°C
AD5410/AD5420
Parameter1 Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments
Output Impedance 50 MΩ
Output Current Leakage 60 pA Output disabled
R3 Resistor Value 36 40 44 Ω TA = 25°C
R3 Resistor Temperature Coefficient (TC) 30 ppm/°C
I
Current 399 444 489 μA
BIAS
I
Current Temperature Coefficient (TC) 30 ppm/°C
BIAS
REFERENCE INPUT/OUTPUT
Reference Input3
Reference Input Voltage 4.95 5 5.05 V For specified performance
DC Input Impedance 25 30 kΩ
Reference Output
Output Voltage 4.995 5.000 5.005 V TA = 25°C
Reference TC
3, 4
Output Noise (0.1 Hz to 10 Hz)3
Noise Spectral Density3
Output Voltage Drift vs. Time3
Capacitive Load3
Load Current3
Short-Circuit Current3
Load Regulation3
DIGITAL INPUTS3
Input High Voltage, VIH 2 V
Input Low Voltage, VIL 0.8 V
Input Current −1 +1 μA Per pin
Pin Capacitance 10 pF Per pin
DIGITAL OUTPUTS3
SDO
Output Low Voltage, VOL 0.4 V Sinking 200 μA
Output High Voltage, VOH DVCC − 0.5 V Sourcing 200 μA
High Impedance Leakage Current −1 +1 μA
High Impedance Output Capacitance 5 pF
FAULT
Output Low Voltage, VOL 0.4 V 10 kΩ pull-up resistor to DVCC
Output Low Voltage, VOL 0.6 V 2.5 mA load current
Output High Voltage, VOH 3.6 V 10 kΩ pull-up resistor to DVCC
POWER REQUIREMENTS
AVDD 10.8 40 V TSSOP package
10.8 60 V LFCSP package
DVCC
Input Voltage 2.7 5.5 V Internal supply disabled
Output Voltage 4.5 V DVCC can be overdriven up to 5.5 V
Output Load Current3
Short-Circuit Current3
AIDD 3 mA Output disabled
4 mA Output enabled
DICC 1 mA VIH = DVCC, VIL = GND
Power Dissipation 144 mW AVDD = 40 V, I
50 mW AVDD = 15 V, I
1
Temperature range: −40°C to +85°C; typical at +25°C.
2
For 0 mA to 20 mA and 0 mA to 24 mA ranges, INL is measured from Code 256 for the AD5420 and Code 16 for the AD5410.
3
Guaranteed by design and characterization but not production tested.
4
The on-chip reference is production trimmed and tested at 25°C and 85°C. It is characterized from −40°C to +85°C.
1.8 10 ppm/°C
18 μV p-p
100 nV/√Hz @ 10 kHz
50 ppm Drift after 1000 hours, T
600 nF
5 mA
7 mA
95 ppm/mA JEDEC compliant
5 mA
20 mA
= 0 mA
OUT
= 0 mA
OUT
= 125°C
A
Rev. B | Page 4 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
AC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
AVDD = 10.8 V to 26.4 V, GND = 0 V, REFIN = 5 V external; DVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, R
otherwise noted.
Table 2.
Parameter1 Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Output Current Settling Time2 10 μs 16 mA step, to 0.1% FSR
40 μs 16 mA step, to 0.1% FSR, L = 1 mH
AC PSRR −75 dB 200 mV, 50 Hz/60 Hz sine wave superimposed on power supply voltage
1
Guaranteed by design and characterization; not production tested.
2
Digital slew rate control feature disabled and CAP1 = CAP2 = open circuit.
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
AVDD = 10.8 V to 26.4 V, GND = 0 V, REFIN = 5 V external; DVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, R
otherwise noted.
Table 3.
Parameter
WRITE MODE
t1 33 ns min SCLK cycle time
t2 13 ns min SCLK low time
t3 13 ns min SCLK high time
t4 13 ns min LATCH delay time
t5 40 ns min LATCH high time
t5 5 μs min LATCH high time after a write to the control register
t6 5 ns min Data setup time
t7 5 ns min Data hold time
t8 40 ns min LATCH low time
t9 20 ns min CLEAR pulse width
t10 5 μs max CLEAR activation time
READBACK MODE
t11 90 ns min SCLK cycle time
t12 40 ns min SCLK low time
t13 40 ns min SCLK high time
t14 13 ns min LATCH delay time
t15 40 ns min LATCH high time
t16 5 ns min Data setup time
t17 5 ns min Data hold time
t18 40 ns min LATCH low time
t19 35 ns max Serial output delay time (C
t20 35 ns max LATCH rising edge to SDO tristate
DAISY-CHAIN MODE
t21 90 ns min SCLK cycle time
t22 40 ns min SCLK low time
t23 40 ns min SCLK high time
t24 13 ns min LATCH delay time
t25 40 ns min LATCH high time
t26 5 ns min Data setup time
t27 5 ns min Data hold time
t28 40 ns min LATCH low time
t29 35 ns max Serial output delay time (C
1
Guaranteed by characterization but not production tested.
2
All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 5 ns (10% to 90% of DVCC) and timed from a voltage level of 1.2 V.
3
See Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4.
4
C
LSDO
1, 2, 3
Limit at T
= capacitive load on SDO output.
, T
Unit Description
MIN
MAX
= 300 Ω; all specifications T
LOAD
= 300 Ω; all specifications T
LOAD
= 50 pF)4
L SDO
= 50 pF)4
L SDO
MIN
MIN
to T
to T
MAX
MAX
, unless
, unless
Rev. B | Page 5 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
SCLK
t
2
LATCH
t
7
t
9
t
10
SDIN
CLEAR
I
OUT
t
DB23
6
t
1
2421
t
3
DB0
t
t
4
5
t
8
07027-002
Figure 2. Write Mode Timing Diagram
t
11
SCLK
2421
t
12
t
13
t
t
14
15
2
1
923
8
22
24
LATCH
t
18
DB0DB23
DB23
FIRST 8 BITS ARE
DON’T CARE BITS
NOP CONDITION
DB15XXXX
t
19
SELECTED REGISTER
DATA CLOCKED OUT
DB0
DB0
t
20
07027-003
SDIN
SDO
t
16
INPUT WORD SPECIFIES
REGISTE R T O BE READ
UNDEFINED DATA
t
17
Figure 3. Readback Mode Timing Diagram
t
21
DB0
DB0
4826
t
t
24
25
t
28
07027-004
SCLK
LATCH
SDIN
SDO
DB23
DB23
INPUT WORD FOR DAC N
UNDEFINED
t
DB0
29
DB0
25
2421
t
t
26
DB23
INPUT W ORD FOR DAC N – 1
DB23
INPUT WORD FOR DAC N
22
t
23
t
27
Figure 4. Daisy-Chain Mode Timing Diagram
Rev. B | Page 6 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Transient currents of up to
80 mA do not cause SCR latch-up.
Table 4.
Parameter Rating
AVDD to GND −0.3 V to +60 V
DVCC to GND −0.3 V to +7 V
Digital Inputs to GND
Digital Outputs to GND
REFIN, REFOUT to GND −0.3 V to +7 V
I
to GND −0.3 V to AVDD
OUT
Operating Temperature Range
Industrial −40°C to +85°C1
Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C
Junction Temperature (TJ max) 125°C
24-Lead TSSOP Package
Thermal Impedance, θJC 4°C/W
Power Dissipation (TJ max − TA)/θJA
Lead Temperature JEDEC industry standard
Soldering J-STD-020
ESD (Human Body Model) 2 kV
1
Power dissipated on chip must be derated to keep junction temperature
below 125°C. The assumption is that the maximum power dissipation
condition is sourcing 24 mA into ground from AVDD with a 4 mA on-chip
current.
−0.3 V to DV
(whichever is less)
−0.3 V to DV
(whichever is less)
+ 0.3 V or +7 V
CC
+ 0.3 V or +7 V
CC
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
ESD CAUTION
Rev. B | Page 7 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
1
GND
2
DV
CC
3
FAULT
4
GND
GND
CLEAR
LATCH
SCLK
SDIN
SDO
GND
GND
NOTES
1. NC = NO CONNEC T.
2. GROUND REF E RE NCE CONNECTION. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THE
EXPOSED PAD BE THERMALLY CONNECTED TO A COPPER PLANE FOR
ENHANCED THERMAL PERFORMANCE.
AD5410/
AD5420
5
TOP VIEW
6
(Not to Scale)
7
8
9
10
11
12
Figure 5. TSSOP Pin Configuration
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
AV
DD
NC
CAP2
CAP1
BOOST
I
OUT
R3
SENSE
NC
DV
CC
REFIN
REFOUT
R
SET
SELECT
FAULT
NOTES
1. NC = NO CONNECT.
2. GROUND REFE RE NCE CONNECTION. IT IS RECO MMENDED THAT THE
EXPOSED PAD BE THERMALLY CONNECTED TO A COPPER PLANE FOR
07027-005
ENHANCED THERMAL PE RFORMANCE.
CC
DD
NC
40
PIN 1
1NC
INDICATOR
2
3GND
4GND
AD5410/AD5420
5CLEAR
6LATCH
7SCLK
8SDIN
9SDO
10NC
1
1
NC
GND
NC
DV
37
38
39
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
12
13
14
GND
GND
GND
C
N
NC
NC
NC
AV
NC
32
31
33
34
35
36
18
19
20
15
17
16
C
NC
N
SET
GND
R
REFIN
REFOUT
Figure 6. LFCSP Pin Configuration
30 NC
29 CAP2
28 CAP1
27 BOOST
I
26
OUT
25
R3
SENSE
24
NC
23 DV
CC
22
NC
21 NC
SELECT
07027-053
Table 5. Pin Function Descriptions
TSSOP Pin No. LFCSP Pin No. Mnemonic Description
1, 4, 5, 12 3, 4, 14, 15, 37 GND These pins must be connected to ground.
2 39 DVCC Digital Supply Pin. Voltage ranges from 2.7 V to 5.5 V.
3 2
Fault Alert. This pin is asserted low when an open circuit is detected between I
FAU LT
GND or an overtemperature is detected. The FAULT pin is an open-drain output and
must be connected to DV
6 5 CLEAR
Active High Input. Asserting this pin sets the output current to the zero-scale value,
through a pull-up resistor (typically 10 kΩ).
CC
which is either 0 mA or 4 mA, depending on the output range programmed, that is, 0 mA
to 20 mA, 0 mA to 24 mA, or 4 mA to 20 mA.
7 6 LATCH
Positive Edge Sensitive Latch. A rising edge parallel loads the input shift register data
into the relevant register. In the case of the data register, the output current is also
updated.
8 7 SCLK
Serial Clock Input. Data is clocked into the input shift register on the rising edge of
SCLK. This operates at clock speeds of up to 30 MHz.
9 8 SDIN Serial Data Input. Data must be valid on the rising edge of SCLK.
10 9 SDO
Serial Data Output. This pin is used to clock data from the device in daisy-chain or
readback mode. Data is clocked out on the falling edge of SCLK. See Figure 3 and
An external, precision, low drift 15 kΩ current setting resistor can be connected to this
pin to improve the overall performance of the device. See the Specifications and
AD5410/AD5420 Features sections.
14 17 REFOUT
Internal Reference Voltage Output. V
= 5 V ± 5 mV at TA = 25°C. Typical temperature
REFOUT
drift is 1.8 ppm/°C.
15 18 REFIN External Reference Voltage Input. V
16 23
DV
CC
SELECT
This pin, when connected to GND, disables the internal supply, and an external supply
must be connected to the DV
CC
= 5 V ± 50 mV for specified performance.
REFIN
pin. Leave this pin unconnected to enable the internal
supply. See the AD5410/AD5420 Features section.
17, 23
1, 10, 11, 19, 20,
NC Do not connect to these pins.
21, 22, 24, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34,
35, 38, 40
OUT
and
Rev. B | Page 8 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
TSSOP Pin No. LFCSP Pin No. Mnemonic Description
18 25 R3
19 26 I
20 27 BOOST
21 28 CAP1
22 29 CAP2
24 36 AVDD Positive Analog Supply Pin. Voltage ranges from 10.8 V to 40 V.
25 (EPAD) 41 (EPAD)
SENSE
The voltage measured between this pin and the BOOST pin is directly proportional to
the output current and can be used as a monitor/feedback feature. This should be used
as a voltage sense output only; current should not be sourced from this pin. See the
AD5410/AD5420 Features section.
Current Output Pin.
OUT
Optional External Transistor Connection. Connecting an external transistor reduces the
power dissipated in the AD5410/AD5420. See the AD5410/AD5420 Features section.
Connection for Optional Output Filtering Capacitor. See the AD5410/AD5420 Features
section.
Connection for Optional Output Filtering Capacitor. See the AD5410/AD5420 Features
section.
Exposed
pad
Ground Reference Connection. It is recommended that the exposed pad be thermally
connected to a copper plane for enhanced thermal performance.
Rev. B | Page 9 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
0.004
0.002
–0.002
EXTERNAL R
INTERNAL R
EXTERNAL R
INTERNAL R
0
SET
SET
, BOOST TRANSISTOR
SET
, BOOST TRANSISTOR
SET
0.004
0.002
–0.002
= 24V
AV
DD
0mA TO 24mA RANGE
0
–0.004
INL ERROR (% FSR)
–0.006
–0.008
–0.010
AVDD = 2.4V
= 25°C
T
A
= 250Ω
R
LOAD
010,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,00060,000
CODE
Figure 7. Integral Nonlinearity Error vs. Code
1.0
AVDD = 2.4V
T
= 25°C
0.8
A
R
= 250Ω
LOAD
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
–0.2
DNL ERROR (LSB)
–0.4
–0.6
–0.8
–1.0
EXTERNAL R
INTERNAL R
EXTERNAL R
INTERNAL R
010,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000
SET
SET
, BOOST TRANSISTOR
SET
, BOOST TRANSISTOR
SET
CODE
Figure 8. Differential Nonlinearity Error vs. Code
0.05
0.03
0.01
–0.01
–0.03
–0.05
AVDD = 24V
T
= 25°C
A
–0.07
R
= 250Ω
LOAD
–0.09
–0.11
TOTAL UNADJUSTED ERROR (% FS R)
–0.13
–0.15
EXTERNAL R
INTERNAL R
EXTERNAL R
INTERNAL R
010,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,00060,000
SET
SET
, BOOST TRANSISTOR
SET
, BOOST TRANSISTO R
SET
CODE
Figure 9. Total Unadjusted Error vs. Code
–0.004
INL ERROR (% FSR)
–0.006
–0.008
07027-006
–0.010
–40–20020406080
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 10. Integral Nonlinearity Error vs. Temperature, Internal R
0.003
0.002
0.001
0
–0.001
INL ERROR (% FSR)
–0.002
07027-007
–0.003
–40–20020406080
= 24V
AV
DD
0mA TO 24mA RANGE
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 11. Integral Nonlinearity Error vs. Temperature, External R
1.0
AVDD = 24V
ALL RANGES
0.8
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL R
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
–0.2
DNL ERROR (LSB)
–0.4
–0.6
–0.8
07027-008
–1.0
–40–20020406080
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SET
07027-009
SET
07027-109
SET
07027-010
Figure 12. Differential Nonlinearity Error vs. Temperature
Rev. B | Page 10 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
R
0.10
0.05
0
–0.05
–0.10
–0.15
–0.20
TOTAL UNADJUST E D ERROR (%FSR)
–0.25
–40–20020406080
AVDD = 24V
4mA TO 20mA INTERNAL R
0mA TO 20mA INTERNAL R
0mA TO 24mA INTERNAL R
4mA TO 20mA EXTERNAL R
0mA TO 20mA EXTERNAL R
0mA TO 24mA EXTERNAL R
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
Figure 13. Total Unadjusted Error vs. Temperature
0.10
0.05
0
–0.05
–0.10
–0.15
OFFSET ERROR (% FSR)
–0.20
–0.25
–40–20 0 20406080
AVDD = 24V
4mA TO 20mA INTERNAL R
0mA TO 20mA INTERNAL R
0mA TO 24mA INTERNAL R
4mA TO 20mA EXTERNAL R
0mA TO 20mA EXTERNAL R
0mA TO 24mA EXTERNAL R
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
Figure 14. Offset Error vs. Temperature
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
–0.02
–0.04
GAIN ERROR (% F S R)
–0.06
–0.08
–0.10
–40–20 0 20406080
AVDD = 24V
4mA TO 20mA INTE RNAL R
0mA TO 20mA INTE RNAL R
0mA TO 24mA INTE RNAL R
4mA TO 20mA EXTE RNAL R
0mA TO 20mA EXTE RNAL R
0mA TO 24mA EXTE RNAL R
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 15. Gain Error vs. Temperature
07027-013
07027-017
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
07027-018
0.015
TA = 25°C
0mA TO 24mA RANGE
0.010
0.005
0
–0.005
INL ERROR (% F S R)
–0.010
–0.015
10152025303540
AVDD (V)
Figure 16. Integral Nonlinearity Error vs. AVDD, External R
0.020
–0.005
INL ERROR (%F S R)
–0.010
–0.015
–0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
TA = 25°C
0mA TO 24mA RANGE
0
10152025303540
AVDD (V)
Figure 17. Integral Nonlinearity Error vs. AVDD, Internal R
1.0
TA = 25°C
0.8
0mA TO 24mA RANGE
0.6
0.4
0.2
(LSB)
0
–0.2
DNL ERRO
–0.4
–0.6
–0.8
–1.0
10152025303540
AVDD(V)
Figure 18. Differential Nonlinearity Error vs. AVDD, External R
07027-011
SET
07027-014
SET
07027-012
SET
Rev. B | Page 11 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
R
%
R
A
1.0
0.8
TA = 25°C
0.6
0mA TO 24mA RANGE
0.4
0.2
0
–0.2
DNL ERROR (LSB)
–0.4
–0.6
–0.8
–1.0
10152025303540
Figure 19. Differential Nonlinearity Error vs. AVDD, Internal R
0.025
TA = 25°C
0mA TO 24mA RANGE
0
10152025303540
–0.005
TOTAL UNADJUS TED ERROR (% FSR)
–0.010
–0.015
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
Figure 20. Total Unadjusted Error vs. AVDD, External R
0.05
0.03
0.01
FSR)
(
–0.01
–0.03
TA = 25°C
0mA TO 24mA RANGE
10152025303540
TOTAL UNADJUS TED ERRO
–0.05
–0.07
–0.09
–0.11
–0.13
–0.15
Figure 21. Total Unadjusted Error vs. AVDD, Internal R
AVDD (V)
AVDD (V)
AVDD(V)
2.5
AVDD = 15V
I
= 24mA
OUT
R
= 500Ω
LOAD
2.0
1.5
1.0
HEADROOM VOLTAGE (V)
0.5
07027-015
SET
07027-016
SET
07027-032
SET
0
–40–20 0 2040 6080
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 22. Compliance Voltage Headroom vs. Temperature
3.5
AVDD = 24V
T
3.0
2.5
)
2.0
ENT (µ
1.5
1.0
OUTPUT CUR
0.5
0
0100200300400500600
R
A
LOAD
= 25°C
= 250Ω
TIME (µs)
Figure 23. Output Current vs. Time on Power-Up
20
10
AVDD = 24V
0
T
= 25°C
A
R
= 250Ω
–10
–20
–30
OUTPUT CURRENT ( µ A)
–40
–50
LOAD
00.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
TIME (µs)
Figure 24. Output Current vs. Time on Output Enable
07027-019
07027-020
07027-021
Rev. B | Page 12 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
A
m
A
V
900
TA = 25°C
800
700
600
500
(µA)
CC
400
DI
300
200
100
DVCC = 5V
= 3V
DV
CC
0
00.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
LOGIC VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 25. DICC vs. Logic Input Voltage
5.0
TA = 25°C
4.5
I
= 0mA
OUT
4.0
3.5
3.0
)
(
2.5
DD
I
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
10152025303540
AVDD (V)
Figure 26. AIDD vs. AVDD
9
TA = 25°C
8
7
6
OLTAGE (V)
5
4
OUTPUT
3
CC
DV
2
1
0
–21 –19 –17 –15 –13 –11 –9 –7–5 –3–11
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
Figure 27. DVCC Output Voltage vs. Load Current
3
1
07027-022
07027-023
CH1 2.00V
CH3 5.00V
1
CH1 2µVM2.00sLINE 1.8V
Figure 29. Reference Noise (0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Bandwidth)
1
07027-024
CH1 20µVM2.00sLINE 0V
Figure 30. Reference Noise (100 kHz Bandwidth)
AV
DD
REFERE NC E OUTP UT
M200µsCH3 2.1V
Figure 28. Reference Turn-on Transient
07027-025
07027-026
07027-027
Rev. B | Page 13 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
%
70
60
50
40
30
20
LEAKAGE CURRENT (pA)
5.003
5.002
TA = 25°C
= 40V
AV
10
–10
DD
OUTPUT DIS ABLED
0
051015202530354045
COMPLIANCE VO LTAGE (V)
Figure 31. Output Leakage Current vs. Compliance Voltage
50 DEVICES SHO WN
AV
= 24V
DD
5.0005
5.0000
4.9995
4.9990
4.9985
4.9980
4.9975
4.9970
4.9965
REFERENCE OUT P UT VOLTAGE (V)
4.9960
07027-028
4.9955
0123456789
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
TA = 25°C
AV
= 24V
DD
07027-031
Figure 34. Reference Output Voltage vs. Load Current
30
20
AVDD = 24V
T
= 25°C
A
R
= 250Ω
LOAD
0x8000 TO 0x7FFF
0x7FFF TO 0x8000
5.001
5.000
4.999
4.998
REFERENCE OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4.997
–40–20020
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
406080
Figure 32. Reference Output Voltage vs. Temperature
45
40
35
)
30
25
20
POPULATION (
15
10
5
0
10 2345678910
AVDD = 24V
TEMPERATURE CO EFFICIENT ( p p m/ ° C)
Figure 33. Reference Temperature Coefficient Histogram
10
0
–10
OUTPUT CURRENT ( µ A)
–20
07027-029
–30
02468101214161820
TIME (µs)
07027-049
Figure 35. Digital-to-Analog Glitch
25
TA = 25°C
AV
R
DD
LOAD
= 24V
= 300Ω
07027-134
TIME (µs)
20
15
10
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
5
07027-030
0
–1012345678
Figure 36. 4 mA to 20 mA Output Current Step
Rev. B | Page 14 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
TERMINOLOGY
Relative Accuracy or Integral Nonlinearity (INL)
For the DAC, relative accuracy, or integral nonlinearity (INL), is
a measure of the maximum deviation, in % FSR, from a straight
line passing through the endpoints of the DAC transfer
function. A typical INL vs. code plot is shown in Figure 7.
Differential Nonlinearity (DNL)
Differential nonlinearity (DNL) is the difference between the
measured change and the ideal 1 LSB change between any two
adjacent codes. A specified differential nonlinearity of ±1 LSB
maximum ensures monotonicity. This DAC is guaranteed
monotonic by design. A typical DNL vs. code plot can be seen
in Figure 8.
Tot a l U n ad ju s te d E rr o r ( TU E )
Total unadjusted error (TUE) is a measure of the output error
taking all the various errors into account, namely INL error,
offset error, gain error, and output drift over supplies and
temperature. TUE is expressed in % FSR. A typical TUE vs.
code plot can be seen in Figure 9.
Monotonicity
A DAC is monotonic if the output either increases or remains
constant for increasing digital input code. The AD5410/AD5420
are monotonic over their full operating temperature range.
Full-Scale Error
Full-scale error is a measure of the output error when full-scale
code is loaded to the data register. Ideally, the output should be
full-scale − 1 LSB. Full-scale error is expressed as a percentage
of the full-scale range (% FSR).
Full-Scale Error Temperature Coefficient (TC)
This is a measure of the change in full-scale error with changes
in temperature. Full-scale error TC is expressed in ppm FSR/°C.
Gain Error
This is a measure of the span error of the DAC. It is the deviation in slope of the DAC transfer characteristic from the ideal
expressed in % FSR. A plot of gain error vs. temperature can be
seen in Figure 15.
Gain Error Temperature Coefficient (TC)
This is a measure of the change in gain error with changes in
temperature. Gain error TC is expressed in ppm FSR/°C.
Current Loop Compliance Voltage
This is the maximum voltage at the I
pin for which the
OUT
output current is equal to the programmed value.
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR)
PSRR indicates how the output of the DAC is affected by
changes in the power supply voltage.
Voltage Reference Temperature Coefficient (TC)
Voltage reference TC is a measure of the change in the reference
output voltage with a change in temperature. The voltage
reference TC is calculated using the box method, which defines
the TC as the maximum change in the reference output over a
given temperature range, expressed in ppm/°C as follows:
TC
⎡
=
⎢
REFnom
⎣
−
VV
REFminREFmax
×
TempRangeV
⎤
6
10×
⎥
⎦
where:
is the maximum reference output measured over the
V
REFmax
total temperature range.
V
is the minimum reference output measured over the total
REFmin
temperature range.
V
is the nominal reference output voltage, 5 V.
REFnom
Te mp R an g e is the specified temperature range, −40°C to +85°C.
Reference Load Regulation
Load regulation is the change in reference output voltage due to
a specified change in load current. It is expressed in ppm/mA.
Rev. B | Page 15 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
V
A
V
THEORY OF OPERATION
The AD5410/AD5420 are precision digital-to-current loop output
converters designed to meet the requirements of industrial
process control applications. They provide a high precision,
fully integrated, low cost single-chip solution for generating
current loop outputs. The current ranges available are 0 mA
to 20 mA, 0 mA to 24 mA, and 4 mA to 20 mA. The desired
output configuration is user selectable via the control register.
ARCHITECTURE
The DAC core architecture of the AD5410/AD5420 consists of
two matched DAC sections. A simplified circuit diagram is shown
in Figure 37. The four MSBs of the 12-bit or 16-bit data-word
are decoded to drive 15 switches, E1 to E15. Each of these switches
connects one of 15 matched resistors to either ground or the
reference buffer output. The remaining 8/12 bits of the dataword drive Switch S0 to Switch S7 or Switch S0 to Switch S11 of an
8-/12-bit voltage mode R-2R ladder network.
OUT
2R
E15
V
REFIN
2R
2R
2R
2R
S1
S0
2R
S7/S11
2R
E2
E1
SCLK. The input shift register consists of eight address bits and
16 data bits, as shown in Tabl e 6. The 24-bit word is unconditionally latched on the rising edge of LATCH. Data continues to be
clocked in irrespective of the state of LATCH. On the rising edge
of LATCH, the data that is present in the input shift register is
latched; that is, the last 24 bits to be clocked in before the rising
edge of LATCH is the data that is latched. The timing diagram
for this operation is shown in Figure 2.
Standalone Operation
The serial interface works with both a continuous and noncontinuous SCLK. A continuous SCLK source can be used only if
LATCH is taken high after the correct number of data bits has
been clocked in. In gated clock mode, a burst clock containing
the exact number of clock cycles must be used, and LATCH
must be taken high after the final clock to latch the data. The
first rising edge of SCLK that clocks in the MSB of the dataword marks the beginning of the write cycle. Exactly 24 rising
clock edges must be applied to SCLK before LATCH is brought
high. If LATCH is brought high before the 24
th
rising SCLK
edge, the data written is invalid. If more than 24 rising SCLK
edges are applied before LATCH is brought high, the input data
is also invalid.
8-/12-BIT R- 2R LADDERFO UR M S Bs DECODED INTO
Figure 37. DAC Ladder Structure
15 EQUAL SEGMENTS
07027-033
The voltage output from the DAC core is converted to a current
(see Figure 38) that is then mirrored to the supply rail so that
the application simply sees a current source output with respect
to ground.
The AD5410/AD5420 are controlled over a versatile 3-wire
serial interface that operates at clock rates of up to 30 MHz. They
are compatible with SPI, QSPI, MICROWIRE, and DSP
standards.
Input Shift Register
The input shift register is 24 bits wide. Data is loaded into the
device MSB first as a 24-bit word under the control of a serial
clock input, SCLK. Data is clocked in on the rising edge of
Rev. B | Page 16 of 28
Table 6. Input Shift Register Format
MSB LSB
DB23 to DB16 DB15 to DB0
Address byte Data-word
Table 7. Address Byte Functions
Address Byte Function
00000000 No operation (NOP)
00000001 Data register
00000010
Readback register value as per read address
(see Table 8)
01010101
Control register
01010110 Reset register
Daisy-Chain Operation
For systems that contain several devices, the SDO pin can be used
to daisy-chain several devices together, as shown in Figure 39.
This daisy-chain mode can be useful in system diagnostics and
in reducing the number of serial interface lines. Daisy-chain
mode is enabled by setting the DCEN bit of the control register.
The first rising edge of SCLK that clocks in the MSB of the dataword marks the beginning of the write cycle. SCLK is continuously
applied to the input shift register. If more than 24 clock pulses
are applied, the data ripples out of the input shift register and
appears on the SDO line. This data, having been clocked out on
the previous falling SCLK edge, is valid on the rising edge of
SCLK. By connecting the SDO of the first device to the SDIN
input of the next device in the chain, a multidevice interface is
constructed. Each device in the system requires 24 clock pulses.
Therefore, the total number of clock cycles must equal 24 × N,
AD5410/AD5420
where N is the total number of AD5410/AD5420 devices in the
chain. When the serial transfer to all devices is complete,
LATCH is taken high. This latches the input data in each device
in the daisy chain. The serial clock can be a continuous or a
gated clock.
A continuous SCLK source can be used only if LATCH is taken
high after the correct number of clock cycles. In gated clock
mode, a burst clock containing the exact number of clock cycles
must be used, and LATCH must be taken high after the final
clock to latch the data. See Figure 4 for a timing diagram.
CONTROLLER
DATA OUT
SERIAL CLOCK
CONTROL OUT
DATA IN
AD5410/
AD5420*
SDIN
SCLK
LATCH
SDO
SDIN
AD5410/
AD5420*
SCLK
LATCH
SDO
SDIN
AD5410/
AD5420*
SCLK
LATCH
Readback Operation
Readback mode is invoked by setting the address byte and read
address as shown in Tabl e 9 and Tab l e 8 when writing to the
input shift register. The next write to the AD5410/AD5420
should be a NOP command, which clocks out the data from the
previously addressed register, as shown in Figure 3. By default,
the SDO pin is disabled. After having addressed the AD5410/
AD5420 for a read operation, a rising edge on LATCH enables
the SDO pin in anticipation of data being clocked out. After the
data has been clocked out on SDO, a rising edge on LATCH
disables (tristate) the SDO pin once again. To read back the
data register, for example, the following sequence should be
implemented:
1. Write 0x020001 to the AD5410/AD5420 input shift
register. This configures the part for read mode with the
data register selected.
2. Follow this with a second write, a NOP condition, 0x000000.
During this write, the data from the data register is clocked
out on the SDO line.
Table 8. Read Address Decoding
Read Address Function
00 Read status register
01 Read data register
10 Read control register
SDO
*ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARI TY.
Figure 39. Daisy Chaining the AD5410/AD5420
07027-035
Table 9. Input Shift Register Contents for a Read Operation
Upon power-on of the AD5410/AD5420, the power-on reset
circuit ensures that all registers are loaded with zero code. As
such, the output is disabled (tristate). Also upon power-on,
internal calibration registers are read, and the data is applied to
internal calibration circuitry. For a reliable read operation, there
must be sufficient voltage on the AV
is triggered by the DV
up the DV
and AV
supply after the AVDD supply ensures this. If DVCC
CC
are powered up simultaneously or if the internal DVCC
DD
power supply powering up. Powering
CC
is enabled, the supplies should be powered up at a rate greater
than, typically, 500 V/sec or 24 V per 50 ms. If this cannot be
achieved, simply issue a reset command to the AD5410/AD5420
after power-on. This performs a power-on reset event, reading
the calibration registers and ensuring specified operation of the
AD5410/AD5420.
TRANSFER FUNCTION
For the 0 mA to 20 mA, 0 mA to 24 mA, and 4 mA to 20 mA
current output ranges, the output current is respectively
expressed as
mA20
⎡
=
OUT
⎢
⎣
⎡
=
OUT
⎢
⎣
⎡
=DI
OUT
⎢
⎣
where:
D is the decimal equivalent of the code loaded to the DAC.
N is the bit resolution of the DAC.
⎤
DI
×
N
2
mA24
N
2
mA16
N
2
⎥
⎦
⎤
DI
×
⎥
⎦
⎤
+×
⎥
⎦
supply when the read event
DD
mA4
DATA REGISTER
The data register is addressed by setting the address byte of the
input shift register to 0x01. The data to be written to the data
register is entered in Position DB15 to Position DB4 for the
AD5410 and in Position DB15 to Position DB0 for the AD5420,
as shown in Tabl e 12 and Ta bl e 1 3, respectively
CONTROL REGISTER
The control register is addressed by setting the address byte of
the input shift register to 0x55. The data to be written to the
control register is entered in Position DB15 to Position DB0,
as shown in Tab l e 14 . The control register bit functions are
described in Ta ble 1 0.
Table 10. Control Register Bit Functions
Bit Description
REXT
OUTEN
SR Clock
SR Step
SREN Digital slew rate control enable.
DCEN
R2, R1, R0 Output range select. See Table 11.
Table 11. Output Range Options
R2 R1 R0 Output Range Selected
1 0 1 4 mA to 20 mA current range
1 1 0 0 mA to 20 mA current range
1 1 1 0 mA to 24 mA current range
Setting this bit selects the external current setting
resistor. See the AD5410/AD5420 Features section
for further details.
Output enable. This bit must be set to enable the
output.
Digital slew rate control. See the AD5410/AD5420
Features section.
Digital slew rate control. See the AD5410/AD5420
Features section.
0 0 REXT OUTEN SR clock SR step SREN DCEN R2 R1 R0
Rev. B | Page 18 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
RESET REGISTER
The reset register is addressed by setting the address byte of the
input shift register to 0x56. The reset register contains a single
reset bit at Position DB0, as shown in Tabl e 16 . Writing a logic
high to this bit performs a reset operation, restoring the part to
its power-on state.
STATUS REGISTER
The status register is a read-only register. The status register bit
functionality is shown in Ta b le 1 5 and Tab l e 17 .
Fault This bit is set if a fault is detected on the I
OUT
Slew Active
Overtemp
This bit is set while the output value is slewing
(slew rate control enabled).
This bit is set if the AD5410/AD5420 core
temperature exceeds approximately 150°C.
fault Slew active Overtemp
OUT
OUT
pin.
Rev. B | Page 19 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
AD5410/AD5420 FEATURES
FAULT ALERT
The AD5410/AD5420 are equipped with a
an open-drain output allowing several AD5410/AD5420
devices to be connected together to one pull-up resistor for
global fault detection. The
FAU LT
pin is forced active by any
one of the following fault scenarios:
•The voltage at I
attempts to rise above the compliance
OUT
range, due to an open-loop circuit or insufficient power
supply voltage. The I
current is controlled by a PMOS
OUT
transistor and internal amplifier, as shown in Figure 38.
The internal circuitry that develops the fault output avoids
using a comparator with window limits because this requires
an actual output error before the
active. Instead, the signal is generated when the internal
amplifier in the output stage has less than approximately
1 V of remaining drive capability (when the gate of the
output PMOS transistor nearly reaches ground). Thus, the
FAU LT
output activates slightly before the compliance limit is
reached. Because the comparison is made within the feedback loop of the output amplifier, the output accuracy is
maintained by its open-loop gain and an output error does
not occur before the
FAU LT
output becomes active.
•If the core temperature of the AD5410/AD5420 exceeds
approximately 150°C.
The I
in conjunction with the
fault condition caused the
fault and overtemp bits of the status register are used
OUT
FAU LT
pin to inform the user which
FAU LT
pin to be asserted. See Table 17
and Table 15.
ASYNCHRONOUS CLEAR (CLEAR)
CLEAR is an active high clear that clears the current output to
the bottom of its programmed range. It is necessary to maintain
CLEAR high for a minimum amount of time (see Figure 2) to
complete the operation. When the CLEAR signal is returned
low, the output remains at the cleared value. The preclear value
can be restored by pulsing the LATCH signal low without
clocking any data. A new value cannot be programmed until the
CLEAR pin is returned low.
INTERNAL REFERENCE
The AD5410/AD5420 contain an integrated +5 V voltage
reference with initial accuracy of ±5 mV maximum and a
temperature drift coefficient of 10 ppm/°C maximum. The
reference voltage is buffered and externally available for use
elsewhere within the system. See Figure 34 for a load regulation
graph of the integrated reference.
FAU LT
FAU LT
output becomes
pin, which is
EXTERNAL CURRENT SETTING RESISTOR
In Figure 38, R
voltage-to-current conversion circuitry. The stability of the
output current over temperature is dependent on the stability of
the value of R
can be connected from the R
ground; this improves the overall performance of the AD5410/
AD5420. The external resistor is selected via the control
register. See Table 14.
is an internal sense resistor as part of the
SET
. An external precision 15 kΩ low drift resistor
SET
pin of the AD5410/AD5420 to
SET
DIGITAL POWER SUPPLY
By default, the DVCC pin accepts a power supply of 2.7 V to
5.5 V. Alternatively, via the DV
power supply can be output on the DV
SELECT pin, an internal 4.5 V
CC
pin for use as a digital
CC
power supply for other devices in the system or as a termination
for pull-up resistors. This facility offers the advantage of not
having to bring a digital supply across an isolation barrier. The
internal power supply is enabled by leaving the DV
pin unconnected. To disable the internal supply, DV
should be tied to 0 V. DV
is capable of supplying up to 5 mA
CC
SELECT
CC
SELECT
CC
of current. See Figure 27 for a load regulation graph.
EXTERNAL BOOST FUNCTION
The addition of an external boost transistor, as shown in Figure 40,
reduces the power dissipated in the AD5410/AD5420 by reducing
the current flowing in the on-chip output transistor (dividing it
by the current gain of the external circuit). A discrete NPN
transistor with a breakdown voltage, BV
can be used.
The external boost capability allows the AD5410/AD5420 to be
used at the extremes of the supply voltage, load current, and
temperature range. The boost transistor can also be used to
reduce the amount of temperature-induced drift in the part.
This minimizes the temperature-induced drift of the on-chip
voltage reference, which improves drift and linearity.
BOOST
AD5410/
AD5420
Figure 40. External Boost Configuration
I
OUT
0.022µF
, greater than 40 V
CEO
MJD31C
OR
2N3053
1kΩ
R
L
07027-036
Rev. B | Page 20 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
=
DIGITAL SLEW RATE CONTROL
The slew rate control feature of the AD5410/AD5420 allows the
user to control the rate at which the output current changes.
With the slew rate control feature disabled, the output current
changes at a rate of approximately 16 mA in 10 µs (see Figure 36).
This varies with load conditions. To reduce the slew rate, enable
the slew rate control feature. With the feature enabled via the
SREN bit of the control register (see Tabl e 14), the output, instead
of slewing directly between two values, steps digitally at a rate
defined by two parameters accessible via the control register, as
shown in Tab l e 14 . The parameters are SR clock and SR step.
SR clock defines the rate at which the digital slew is updated,
SR step defines by how much the output value changes at each
update. Both parameters together define the rate of change of
the output current. Tab l e 1 8 and Tab l e 1 9 outline the range of
values for both the SR clock and SR step parameters. Figure 41
shows the output current changing for ramp times of 10 ms,
50 ms, and 100 ms.
Figure 41. Output Current Slewing Under Control of the Digital Slew Rate
10ms RAMP, SR CLOCK = 0x1, SR S TEP = 0x5
50ms RAMP, SR CLOCK = 0xA, SR STEP = 0x7
100ms RAMP, SR CL OCK = 0x8, SR ST EP = 0x5
TIME (ms)
Control Feature
07027-139
The time it takes for the output current to slew over a given
output range can be expressed as follows:
TimeSlew
ChangeOutput
××
(1)
SizeLSBFrequencyClockUpdateSizeStep
where:
Slew Time is expressed in seconds.
Output Change is expressed in amps.
When the slew rate control feature is enabled, all output
changes change at the programmed slew rate. If the CLEAR
pin is asserted, the output slews to the zero-scale value at the
programmed slew rate. The output can be halted at its current
value with a write to the control register. To avoid halting the
output slew, the slew active bit can be read to check that the
slew has completed before writing to any of the AD5410/
AD5420 registers (see Tab le 17 ). The update clock frequency for
any given value is the same for all output ranges. The step size,
however, varies across output ranges for a given value of step
size because the LSB size is different for each output range.
Tabl e 20 shows the range of programmable slew times for a fullscale change on any of the output ranges. The values in Table 2 0
were obtained using Equation 1. The digital slew rate control
feature results in a staircase formation on the current output, as
shown in Figure 45. Figure 45 also shows how the staircase can
be removed by connecting capacitors to the CAP1 and CAP2
pins, as described in the I
Filtering Capacitors section.
OUT
Rev. B | Page 21 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
A
V
Table 20. Programmable Slew Time Values in Seconds for a Full-Scale Change on Any Output Range
Capacitors can be placed between CAP1 and AVDD, and CAP2
and AV
, as shown in Figure 42.
DD
AV
AD5410/
AD5420
GND
Figure 42. I
DD
C1C2
DD
CAP1
CAP2
I
OUT
Filtering Capacitors
OUT
07027-037
The capacitors form a filter on the current output circuitry, as
shown in Figure 43, reducing the bandwidth and the slew rate
of the output current. Figure 44 shows the effect the capacitors
DAC
CAP1
CAP2
4kΩ
12.5kΩ
R
SET
Figure 43. I
Filter Circuitry
OUT
25
C1
C2
have on the slew rate of the output current. To achieve
significant reductions in the rate of change, very large capacitor
20
values are required, which may not be suitable in some
applications. In this case, the digital slew rate control feature
should be used. The capacitors can be used in conjunction with
the digital slew rate control feature as a means of smoothing out
the steps caused by the digital code increments, as shown in
Figure 45.
15
10
OUTPUT CURRENT ( mA)
5
0
–0.500.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.0
NO CAPACITOR
10nF ON CAP1
10nF ON CAP2
47nF ON CAP1
47nF ON CAP2
TIME (ms)
Figure 44. Slew Controlled 4 mA to 20 mA Output Current Step Using
External Capacitors on the CAP1 and CAP2 Pins
TA = 25°C
AV
R
LOAD
DD
40Ω
= 24V
= 300Ω
0.0034
0.0039
0.0044
0.007
0.014
0.020
0.025
0.03
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.12
AV
DD
BOOST
I
OUT
07027-142
07027-038
Rev. B | Page 22 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
R
A
V
6.8
TA = 25°C
AV
6.7
6.6
6.5
6.4
6.3
OUTPUT CURRENT ( mA)
6.2
6.1
–1012345678
R
DD
LOAD
= 24V
= 300Ω
TIME (ms)
NO EXTERNAL CAPS
10nF ON CAP1
10nF ON CAP2
07027-043
Figure 45. Smoothing Out the Steps Caused by the Digital Slew Rate Control
Feature
FEEDBACK/MONITORING OF OUTPUT CURRENT
For feedback or monitoring of the output current value, a sense
resistor can be placed in series with the I
voltage drop across it measured. As well as being an additional
component, the resistor increases the compliance voltage
required. An alternative method is to use a resistor that is
already in place. R3 is such a resistor and is internal to the
AD5410/AD5420, as shown in Figure 46. By measuring the
voltage between the R3
and BOOST pins, the value of the
SENSE
output current can be calculated as follows:
V
R
I−=
OUT
3
3
(2)
I
BIAS
where:
V
is the voltage drop across R3 measured between the R3
R3
and BOOST pins
I
is a constant bias current flowing through R3 with a typical
BIAS
value of 444 µA.
R3 is the resistance value of resistor R3 with a typical value of 40 .
DD
R
METAL
R3
40Ω
I
444µA
BIAS
Figure 46. Structure of Current Output Circuit
output pin and the
OUT
R3
SENSE
BOOST
I
OUT
07027-050
SENSE
R3 and I
coefficient of 30 ppm/°C. Connecting to R3
AV
DD
both have a tolerance of ±10% and a temperature
BIAS
rather than
SENSE
avoids incorporating into R3 internal metal connections
that have large temperature coefficients and result in large
errors. See Figure 47 for a plot of R3 vs. ambient temperature
and Figure 48 for a plot of R3 vs. output current.
40.98
I
= 12mA
OUT
40.96
R3 = V
/(12mA + 444µA)
R3
40.94
40.92
40.90
40.88
40.86
R3 RESISTANCE (Ω)
40.84
40.82
40.80
40.78
–40–20020406080100
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 47. R3 Resistor Value vs. Temperature
42.0
TA = 25°C
R3 = V
/(I
41.8
41.6
41.4
41.2
41.0
R3 (Ω)
40.8
40.6
40.4
40.2
40.0
0510152025
To eliminate errors due to the tolerances of R3 and I
+ 444µA)
R3
OUT
(mA)
I
OUT
Figure 48. R3 Resistor Value vs. I
OUT
BIAS
, a twomeasurement calibration can be performed as the following
example illustrates:
1.
Progam code 0x1000 and measure I
and VR3. In this
OUT
example, the measured values are
= 1.47965 mA
I
OUT
= 79.55446 mV
V
R3
Program Code 0xF000 and measure I
2.
and VR3 again.
OUT
The measured values this time are
= 22.46754 mA
I
OUT
= 946.39628 mV
V
R3
07027-051
07027-052
Rev. B | Page 23 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
Using this information and Equation 2, two simultaneous
equations can be generated from which the values of R3 and
I
can be calculated as follows:
BIAS
V
R
3
I
OUT
I
BIAS
Simultaneous Equation 1
I
BIAS
I
−=
BIAS
R
3
V
R
3
R
3
07955446.0
R
I
−=⇒
OUT
−=
3
00147965.0
Simultaneous Equation 2
I
BIAS
94639628.0
R
3
From these two equations,
and A
302.413=R
And Equation 2 becomes
V
R
I
OUT
3
−=
302.41
−=
02246754.0
I
BIAS
µA
5.446
5.446=
Rev. B | Page 24 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
A
V
R
*
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
DRIVING INDUCTIVE LOADS
When driving inductive or poorly defined loads, connect a 0.01 µF
capacitor between I
and GND. This ensures stability with
OUT
loads beyond 50 mH. There is no maximum capacitance limit.
The capacitive component of the load may cause slower settling.
Alternatively, the capacitor can be connected from CAP1 and/or
CAP2 to AV
to reduce the slew rate of the current. The digital
DD
slew rate control feature may also prove useful in this situation.
TRANSIENT VOLTAGE PROTECTION
The AD5410/AD5420 contain ESD protection diodes that prevent
damage from normal handling. The industrial control environment can, however, subject I/O circuits to much higher transients.
To protect the AD5410/AD5420 from excessively high voltage
transients, external power diodes and a surge current limiting
resistor may be required, as shown in Figure 49. The constraint
on the resistor value is that during normal operation, the output
level at I
AV
DD
must remain within its voltage compliance limit of
OUT
− 2.5 V, and the two protection diodes and resistor must
have appropriate power ratings. Further protection can be provided with transient voltage suppressors (TVS), or transorbs.
These are available as both unidirectional suppressors (protect
against positive high voltage transients) and bidirectional
suppressors (protect against both positive and negative high
voltage transients) and are available in a wide range of standoff
and breakdown voltage ratings. It is recommended that all field
connected nodes be protected.
DD
AV
DD
AD5410/
AD5420
GND
I
OUT
Figure 49. Output Transient Voltage Protection
R
P
R
L
7027-039
LAYOUT GUIDELINES
In any circuit where accuracy is important, careful consideration
of the power supply and ground return layout helps to ensure
the rated performance. The printed circuit board (PCB) on
which the AD5410/AD5420 are mounted should be designed so
that the analog and digital sections are separated and confined
to certain areas of the board. If the AD5410/AD5420 are in a
system where multiple devices require an AGND-to-DGND
connection, the connection should be made at one point only.
The star ground point should be established as close as possible
to the device.
The AD5410/AD5420 should have ample supply bypassing of
10 µF in parallel with 0.1 µF on each supply, located as close to
the package as possible, ideally right up against the device.
The 10 µF capacitors are the tantalum bead type. The 0.1 µF
Rev. B | Page 25 of 28
capacitor should have low effective series resistance (ESR)
and low effective series inductance (ESI), such as the common
ceramic types, which provide a low impedance path to ground
at high frequencies to handle transient currents due to internal
logic switching.
The power supply lines of the AD5410/AD5420 should use as
large a trace as possible to provide low impedance paths and to
reduce the effects of glitches on the power supply line. Fastswitching signals such as clocks should be shielded with digital
ground to avoid radiating noise to other parts of the board and
should never be run near the reference inputs. A ground line
routed between the SDIN and SCLK lines helps reduce crosstalk
between them (not required on a multilayer board that has a
separate ground plane, but separating the lines helps). It is
essential to minimize noise on the REFIN line because noise
can couple through to the DAC output.
Avoid crossover of digital and analog signals. Traces on
opposite sides of the board should run at right angles to each
other. This reduces the effects of feedthrough on the board.
A microstrip technique is by far the best method but is not
always possible with a double-sided board. In this technique,
the component side of the board is dedicated to the ground
plane, and signal traces are placed on the solder side.
GALVANICALLY ISOLATED INTERFACE
In many process control applications, it is necessary to provide
an isolation barrier between the controller and the unit being
controlled to protect and isolate the controlling circuitry from
any hazardous common-mode voltages that may occur. The
iCoupler® family of products from Analog Devices, Inc.,
provides voltage isolation in excess of 2.5 kV. The serial loading
structure of the AD5410/AD5420 is ideal for isolated interfaces
because the number of interface lines is kept to a minimum.
Figure 50 shows a 4-channel isolated interface to the AD5410/
AD5420 using an ADuM1400. For further information, visit
www.analog.com/icouplers.
CONTROLLE
SERIAL
CLOCK
SERIAL
CONTROL
ADDITIONAL PINS OMI T TED FOR CLARITY.
OUT
DATA
OUT
SYNC
OUT
OUT
V
IA
V
IB
V
IC
V
ID
ADuM1400*
ENCODE
ENCODE
ENCODE
ENCODE
DECODE
DECODE
DECODE
DECODE
Figure 50. Isolated Interface
V
OA
TO
SCLK
V
OB
TO
SDIN
V
OC
TO
LATCH
V
OD
TO
CLEAR
07027-040
AD5410/AD5420
MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING
Microprocessor interfacing to the AD5410/AD5420 is via a serial
bus that uses a protocol compatible with microcontrollers and
DSP processors. The communication channel is a 3-wire (minimum) interface consisting of a clock signal, a data signal, and a
latch signal. The AD5410/AD5420 require a 24-bit data-word
with data valid on the rising edge of SCLK.
For all interfaces, the DAC output update is initiated on the
rising edge of LATCH. The contents of the registers can be read
using the readback function.
THERMAL AND SUPPLY CONSIDERATIONS
The AD5410/AD5420 are designed to operate at a maximum
junction temperature of 125°C. It is important that the device
not be operated under conditions that cause the junction temperature to exceed this value. Excessive junction temperature can
occur if the AD5410/AD5420 are operated from the maximum
, while driving the maximum current (24 mA) directly to
AV
DD
ground. In this case, the ambient temperature should be controlled
or AV
At the maximum ambient temperature of 85°C, the 24-lead
TSSOP can dissipate 950 mW, and the 40-Lead LFCSP can
dissipate 1.42 W.
To ensure that the junction temperature does not exceed 125°C
while driving the maximum current of 24 mA directly into
ground (also adding an on-chip current of 4 mA), AV
be reduced from the maximum rating to ensure that the
package is not required to dissipate more power than previously
stated (see Tab l e 2 1 , Figure 51, and
should be reduced.
DD
Figure 52).
should
DD
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
POWER DISS IPATION ( W)
0.5
0
40455055606570758085
Figure 51. Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Ambient Temperature
65
60
55
50
45
40
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V )
35
30
25
2535455565
Figure 52. Maximum Supply Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
AMBIENT TEM P E RATURE (°C)
LFCSP
TSSOP
LFCSP
TSSOP
7585
07027-055
07027-054
Table 21. Thermal and Supply Considerations
Consideration TSSOP LFCSP
Maximum Allowed Power
Dissipation When Operating at
an Ambient Temperature of 85°C
T
J
max
Θ
JA
T
−
A
=
85125
−
42
mW
950
=
W
T
J
max
Θ
JA
T
−
A
85125
−
=
28
Maximum Allowed Ambient
Temperature When Operating
from a Supply of 40 V/60 V and
JADJ
()
CPT
°=××−=Θ×−7842028.040125max
JADJ
Driving 24 mA Directly to Ground
Maximum Allowed Supply
Voltage When Operating at an
Ambient Temperature of 85°C
and Driving 24 mA Directly to
−
AJ
AI
=
Θ×
JADD
85125
−
×
V
34
=
42028.0
V
AI
max
TT
−
AJ
=
Θ×
JADD
85125
−
28028.0
×
TT
max
Ground
Rev. B | Page 26 of 28
42.1
=
()
CPT
°=××−=Θ×−7828028.060125max
51
=
AD5410/AD5420
V
INDUSTRIAL ANALOG OUTPUT APPLICATION
Many industrial control applications have requirements for
accurately controlled current output signals, and the AD5410/
AD5420 are ideal for such applications. Figure 53 shows the
AD5410/AD5420 in a circuit design for an output module
specifically for use in an industrial control application. The
design provides for a current output. The module is powered
from a field supply of 24 V. This supplies AV
transient overvoltage protection, transient voltage suppressors
(TVS) are placed on both the I
A 24 V TVS is placed on the I
and field supply connections.
OUT
connection, and a 36 V TVS is
OUT
placed on the field supply input. For added protection, clamping
diodes are connected from the I
pin to the AVDD and GND
OUT
power supply pins. Isolation between the AD5410/AD5420 and
the backplane circuitry is provided with the ADuM1400 and
BACKPLANE SUPPLY
0.1µF
MICROCONTROLLER
DIGITAL
OUTPUTS
BACKPLANE INTERF ACE
DIGITAL
INTPUTS
directly. For
DD
0.1µF
ADuM1400
V
V
NC
V
V
V
V
GND
GND
V
V
V
GND
DD1
IA
IB
IC
ID
DD2
OA
OB
DD2
V
E2
V
OA
V
OB
V
OC
V
OD
GND
2
1
GND
2
1
V
DD1
V
IA
V
IB
GND
2
1
ADUM1200
Figure 53. AD5410/AD5420 in an Industrial Analog Output Application
ADuM1200
iCoupler products is available at www.analog.com/icouplers.
The internally generated digital power supply of the AD5410/
AD5420 powers the field side of the digital isolators, removing
the need to generate a digital power supply on the field side of
the isolation barrier. The AD5410/AD5420 digital supply output supplies up to 5 mA, which is more than enough to supply
the 2.8 mA requirement of the ADuM1400 and ADuM1200
operating at a logic signal frequency of up to 1 MHz. To reduce
the number of isolators required, nonessential signals such as
CLEAR can be connected to GND and
left unconnected, reducing the isolation requirements to just
three signals. Doing so, however, disables the fault alert features
of the part.
10kΩ
DV
CC
SELECT
CLEAR
LATCH
SCLK
SDIN
FAULT
SDO
iCoupler digital isolators; further information on
FAU LT
+
10µF
SMAJ36CA
36V
0.1µF
C1
C2
CAP2
REFIN
AV
DD
I
OUT
0.1µF
18Ω
24V
SMAJ24CA
CAP1
DV
CC
AD5410/AD5420
GND
REFOUT
, and SDO can be
24
FIELD
SUPPLY
FIELD
GROUND
I
OUT
07027-048
Rev. B | Page 27 of 28
AD5410/AD5420
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
7.90
7.80
7.70
5.02
5.00
4.95
24
1.20 MAX
0.15
SEATING
0.05
0.10 COPLANARITY
PLANE
TOP VIEW
0.65
BSC
13
4.50
4.40
4.30
6.40 BSC
1.05
1.00
0.80
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-153-ADT
8°
0°
0.20
0.09
0.30
0.19
121
EXPOSED
PAD
(Pins Up)
BOTTOM VIEW
3.25
3.20
3.15
FOR PROPER CONNE CT I O N O F
THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO
THE PIN CONF IGURATIO N AND
FUNCTION DES CRIPTIONS
SECTION OF THIS DATA SHEET.
0.75
0.60
0.45
061708-A
Figure 54. 24-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package, Exposed Pad [TSSOP_EP]
(RE-24)
Dimensions shown in millimeters
PIN 1
INDICATOR
1.00
0.85
0.80
12° MAX
SEATING
PLANE
6.00
BSC SQ
TOP
VIEW
0.80 MAX
0.65 TYP
0.30
0.23
0.18
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-220-VJJD-2
5.75
BSC SQ
0.20 REF
0.05 MAX
0.02 NOM
COPLANARITY
0.60 MAX
0.50
BSC
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.08
0.60 MAX
31
30
EXPOSED
(BOTTOM VIEW)
21
20
40
1
PAD
10
11
4.50
REF
FOR PROPE R CONNECTION O F
THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO
THE PIN CONF IGURATIO N AND
FUNCTION DES CRIPTIONS
SECTION O F THIS DATA S HE E T.
PIN 1
INDICATOR
4.25
4.10 SQ
3.95
0.25 MIN
072108-A
Figure 55. 40-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VQ]
6 mm × 6 mm Body, Very Thin Quad
(CP-40-1)
Dimensions shown in millimeters
ORDERING GUIDE
Model1 Temperature Range Resolution TUE Package Description Package Option
AD5410AREZ −40°C to +85°C 12 Bits 0.3% Max 24-Lead TSSOP_EP RE-24
AD5410AREZ-REEL7 −40°C to +85°C 12 Bits 0.3% Max 24-Lead TSSOP_EP RE-24
AD5410ACPZ-REEL −40°C to +85°C 12 Bits 0.3% Max 40-Lead LFCSP_VQ
AD5410ACPZ-REEL7 −40°C to +85°C 12 Bits 0.3% Max 40-Lead LFCSP_VQ
AD5420AREZ −40°C to +85°C 16 Bits 0.15% Max 24-Lead TSSOP_EP RE-24
AD5420AREZ-REEL7 −40°C to +85°C 16 Bits 0.15% Max 24-Lead TSSOP_EP RE-24
AD5420ACPZ-REEL −40°C to +85°C 16 Bits 0.15% Max 40-Lead LFCSP_VQ
AD5420ACPZ-REEL7 −40°C to +85°C 16 Bits 0.15% Max 40-Lead LFCSP_VQ
EVAL-AD5420EBZ Evaluation Board