Datasheet ACST12 Datasheet (ST)

Features

■ Triac with overvoltage crowbar technology

■ Low I

(I

■ High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/µs

Benefits

■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5

■ High off-state reliability with planar technology

■ Need no external over voltage protection

■ Reduces the power passive component count

■ High immunity against fast transients

described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards

(<10 mA) or high immunity

GT

<35 mA) version

GT

ACST12

Overvoltage protected AC switch

OUT

G

OUT

COM

TO-220AB
ACST1210-7T
ACST1235-7T

Figure 1. Functional diagram

OUT

G

COM

D2PA K
ACST1210-7G
ACST1235-7G

OUT

Applications

■ AC mains static switching in appliance and

industrial control systems

■ Drive of medium power AC loads such as:

– Universal motor of washing machine drum
– Compressor for fridge or air conditioner

Description

The ACST12 series belongs to the ACS™/ACST
power switch family built with A.S.D.
specific discrete) technology. This high
performance device is suited to home appliances
or industrial systems and drives loads up to 12 A.

This ACST12 switch embeds a Triac structure and
a high voltage clamping device able to absorb the
inductive turn-off energy and withstand line
transients such as those described in the
IEC 61000-4-5 standard. The ACST1210-7 needs
a low gate current to be activated (I
and still provides a high electrical noise immunity
complying with the IEC 61000-4-4 standard. The
ACST1235-7 offers an extremely high static dV/dt
immunity of 2 kV/µs minimum.

®

(application

< 10 mA)

GT

G

COM

Table 1. Device summary

Symbol Value Unit

I

T(RMS)

V

DRM/VRRM

I

GT

TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics

®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics

12 A

700 V

10 or 35 mA

December 2010 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 1/13

www.st.com

13

Characteristics ACST12

1 Characteristics

Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values)

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

TO-220AB

2

PA K

I

T(RMS)

I

dI/dt

V

P

P

T

1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 19

Table 3. Electrical characteristics

On-state rms current full sine wave

Non repetitive surge peak on-state current

TSM

2

I

initial = 25 °C,( full cycle sine wave)

T

j

tI2t for fuse selection tp = 10 ms 95 A2s

Critical rate of rise on-state current

= 2 x I

I

G

Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage

PP

Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W

G(AV)

Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 10 W

GM

Peak gate current (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 1.6 A

I

GM

Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 °C

stg

Operating junction temperature range - 40 to + 125 °C

T

j

maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s (at 3 mm from plastic case) 260 °C

T

l

GT, (tr

≤ 100 ns)

(1)

D

2

PA K

D
with 1cm

2

of Cu

F = 60 Hz tp = 16.7 ms 126 A

F = 50 Hz t

F = 120 Hz T

Tc = 104 °C 12

= 47

T

amb

°C

= 20.0 ms 120 A

p

= 125 °C 100 A/µs

j

2

Tj = 125 °C 2 kV

A

Symbol Test conditions Quadrant T

(1)

I

GT

V

V

I

dV/dt

(dI/dt)c

V

V

GT

V

GD

(2)

I

H

OUT

I

I

G

L

(2)

V

(dV/dt)c = 15 V/µs

(2)

= 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C MAX. 10 35 mA

OUT

= 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C MAX. 1.0 V

OUT

= V

DRM

GT

= 67% V

, RL = 3.3 Ω I - II - III 125 °C MIN. 0.2 V

I - II - III 25 °C MAX. 50 70 mA

, gate open 125 °C MIN. 200 2000 V/µs

DRM

OUT

= 500 mA 25 °C MAX. 30 50 mA

= 1.2 x I

OUT

j

125 °C

Without snubber MIN. 14

V

1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max

2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin

CL

I

= 0.1 mA, t

CL

= 1 ms 25 °C MIN. 850 V

p

2/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4

Val ue Un it

ACST1210-7 ACST1235-7 Unit

MIN. 5.3

A/ms

ACST12 Characteristics

Table 4. Static characteristics

Symbol Test conditions Value Unit

(1)

V

V

R

I
I

I

= 17 A, t

TM

T0

DRM

RRM

OUT

(1)

Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C MAX. 0.9 V

(1)

Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C MAX. 30 mΩ

d

V

= V

OUT

= 500 µs Tj = 25 °C MAX. 1.5 V

p

Tj = 25 °C

DRM

/ V

RRM

= 125 °C 1.5 mA

T

j

MAX.

20 µA

1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin

Table 5. Thermal characteristics

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

R

Junction to case (AC)

th(j-c)

TO-220AB

2

PAK ° C / W

D

1.5

°C/W

TO-220AB 60 °C/W

R

Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus

15
14
13
12
11
10

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

Figure 4. On-state rms current versus

Junction to ambient

th(j-a)

on-state rms current (full cycle)

P(W)

α

=180

°

I (A)

T(RMS)

0123456789101112

ambient temperature (free air

2

D

PAK with 1 cm2 of Cu 45 °C/W

Figure 3. On-state rms current versus case

temperature (full cycle)

(A)

I

T(RMS)

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

0 25 50 75 100 125

TC(°C)TC(°C)

Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal

impedance versus pulse duration

convection full cycle)

I

(A)

T(RMS)

3.0

2.5

D2PAK

With 1cm

2

of cu

1.0E+00

K=[Zth/Rth]

Z

(j

c)

-

th

Z

(j

a)

-

th

2.0

TO-220AB

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

0 25 50 75 100 125

T

(°C)

amb

Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 3/13

1.0E-01

tp(s)

1.0E-02

1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03

Characteristics ACST12

I

(A)

Figure 6. On-state characteristics

(maximum values)

TM

1000

100

10

Tjmax :

V

= 0.90 V

to

R

d

= 30 mΩ

1

Tj=125 °C

Tj=25 °C

VTM(V)

Figure 8. Non repetitive surge peak on-state

current for a sinusoidal pulse and

2

t

Tjinitial=25 °C

I

TSM

10000

1000

corresponding value of I

22

I (A), I t (A s)

TSM

dI/dt limitation: 100 A/µs

Figure 7. Non repetitive surge peak on-state

current versus number of cycles
(T

initial = 25 °C)

j

I(A)

TSM

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

Repetitive

T

=104 °C

10

C

0

1 10 100 1000

Non repetitive

initial=25 °C

T

j

Number of cycles

t=20ms

One cycle

Figure 9. Relative variation of gate triggering

current and gate voltage versus
junction temperature (typical value)

I , V [T] / I , V [T = 25 °C]

GT GT j GT GT j

3.0

2.5

2.0

IGTQ3

IGTQ1-Q2

100

I²t

10

1

0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00

tP(ms)

Figure 10. Relative variation of holding

current (I

) and latching current (IL)

H

versus junction temperature

I ,I [T ]/I , I [T = 25 °C]

H L j H L j

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125

Typical values

I

L

I

H

Tj(°C)

1.5

VGTQ1-Q2-Q3

1.0

0.5

0.0

-50

-25 0 25 50 75 100 125

Tj(°C)

Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of

decrease of main current (di/dt)c
versus (dV/dt)c

(di/dt)c[(dV/dt)c] / Specified(di/dt)c

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

0.1 1 10 100

ACST12-7Cxx

ACST12-7Sxx

(dV/dt)c (V/µs)

4/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4

ACST12 Characteristics

Figure 12. Relative variation of critical rate of

decrease of main current versus
junction temperature

(dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125°C]

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

25 50 75 100 125

Tj(°C)

Figure 14. Relative variation of maximum

clamping voltage, V

versus

CL

junction temperature

V [T /V [T = 25 °C]

CL J CL J

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125

Minimum values

T (°C)

J

Figure 13. Relative variation of static dV/dt

immunity versus junction
temperature

dV/dt[Tj] / dV/dt[Tj=125°C]

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

25 50 75 100 125

VD=VR=469 V

Tj(°C)

Figure 15. Variation of thermal resistance

junction to ambient versus copper
surface under tab

R (°C/W)

th(j-a)

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

0 5 10 15 20

Epoxy printed circuit board

FR4, copper thickness = 35 µm

D²PAK

S (cm²)

CU

Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 5/13

Application information ACST12

2 Application information

2.1 Typical application description

The ACST12 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors
in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the
ACST12 switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 12 A with no turn off additional
snubber. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as
the compressor inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks
to its low gate triggering current level, the ACST1210-7 can be driven directly by a MCU
through a simple gate resistor as shown in Figure 16.

Figure 16. Compressor control – typical diagrams

Compressor

AC Mains

PTC

ACST

ACST

Power supply

Compressor with integrated e-starter

Electronic

thermostat

Gate

Driver

2

1

3

Rg

Electronic

starter

logical circuitry

Compressor

AC Mains

PTC

ACST

Run

ACST

switch

Rg

Gate

Power supply

Driver

Compressor with external electronic drive

Start

switch

Rg

6/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4

ACST12 Application information

Figure 17. Universal drum motor control – typical diagram

Universal motor

AC Mains

Stator

Speed motor

regulation

Rotor

ACST

Vcc

12V

Motor direction
setting

MCU

Rg

MCU

2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness

In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST12
is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter V
switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy
spikes, such as the inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less
than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works
even with high turn-on current ramp-up.

The test circuit of Figure 18 represents the ACST12 application, and is used to stress the
ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect
of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to
2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. The ACST12 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 19. The
ACST12 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero crossing
current. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage
polarity.

Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 7/13

. The ACST12

CL

Application information ACST12

Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for

IEC 61000-4-5 standards

R = , L = µH, Vsurge = 2 kV20 2Ω

Surge generator

2kV surge

Rgene

Filtering unit

Model of the load

R

L

AC Mains

Figure 19. Typical voltage and current waveforms across the ACST12

during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test

V

peak=VCL

1.2/50 µs voltage surge

V

0

ACST12

Rg

I

8/20 µs current surge

8/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4

0

ACST12 Ordering information scheme

3 Ordering information scheme

Figure 20. Ordering information scheme

ACS T 12 10 - 7 G TR

AC switch

Topology

T = Triac

On-state rms current

12 = 12 A

Sensitivity

10 = 10 mA
35 = 35 mA

Voltage

7 = 700 V

Package

G = D²PAK
T = TO-220AB

Delivery mode

TR = Tape and reel (DPAK)
Blank = Tube (TO-220FPAB, DPAK)

Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 9/13

Package information ACST12

4 Package information

● Epoxy meets UL94, V0

● Recommended torque (TO-220AB): 0.4 to 0.6 N·m

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com
ECOPACK

Table 6. TO-220AB dimensions

®

packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®

®

is an ST trademark.

.

Dimensions

Ref.

Millimeters Inches

Min. Max. Min. Max.

A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181

H2

Dia

A

C

C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051

D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107

E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027

L2

F2

F1

L5

L6

L9

L4

F

G1

L7

F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034

F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066

F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066

G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202

D

G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106

H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409

L2 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ.

M

E

L4 13 14 0.511 0.551

L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116

G

L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620

L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259

L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154

10/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4

M 2.6 typ. 0.102 typ.

Diam. 3.75 3.85 0.147 0.151

ACST12 Package information

D

Table 7. D

L2

L

L3

2

PAK dimensions

E

A1

B2

B

G

2mm min.
FLAT ZONE

Dimensions

Ref.

Millimeters Inches

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

A 4.30 4.60 0.169 0.181

A

C2

A1 2.49 2.69 0.098 0.106

A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009

B 0.70 0.93 0.027 0.037

B2 1.25 1.40 0.048 0.055

C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.024

C2 1.21 1.36 0.047 0.054

C

R

D 8.95 9.35 0.352 0.368

E 10.00 10.28 0.393 0.405

A2

G 4.88 5.28 0.192 0.208

L 15.00 15.85 0.590 0.624

V2

L2 1.27 1.40 0.050 0.055

L3 1.40 1.75 0.055 0.069

R 0.40 0.016

Figure 21. Footprint (dimensions in mm)

16.90

10.30

8.90

V2 0° 8° 0° 8°

5.08

1.30

3.70

Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 11/13

Ordering information ACST12

5 Ordering information

Table 8. Ordering information

Order code Marking Package Weight Base qty Packing mode

ACST1210-7T

ACST1210-7G D2PAK 1.5 g 50 Tube

ACST12107

ACST1210-7GTR D

ACST1235-7T

ACST1235-7G D2PAK 1.5 g 50 Tube

ACST12357

ACST1235-7GTR D

6 Revision history

Table 9. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

02-Dec-2008 1 First issue.

13-Apr-2010 2

01-Jul-2010 3 Updated Figure 20.

07-Dec-2010 4 Updated Table 3.

TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube

2

PAK 1.5 g 1000 Tape and reel

TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube

2

PAK 1.5 g 1000 Tape and reel

Updated ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with
other datasheets in this product class.

12/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4

ACST12

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Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 13/13