Datasheet ACS108-5SN, ACS108-5SA Datasheet (SGS Thomson Microelectronics)



ASD

AC Switch Family

MAIN APPLICATIONS

n AC Line switch for appliance control systems
n Drive of low power high inductive or resistive

loads like:

- solenoid, relay, valve, dispenser

- micro-motor

- door lock

- low powerlamp bulb

- pump

- fan

ACS108-5Sx

AC LINE SWITCH

OUT

COM

G

FEATURES

n V
n Avalanche controlled device
n I
n Gate triggering current : I
n Switch integrated driver
n DrivereferenceCOMconnectedtotheSOT223tab

DRM

T(RMS)

/V

RRM

= 0.8 A

= 500V

<10mA

GT

BENEFITS

n Needs no more external protection snubber &

varistor.

n Enables the equipment to meet IEC1000-4-5

standard.

n Allows straightforward connection of several

SOT223 devices onthe same cooling pad.

n Reduces the switch component count by up to

80%.

n Interfaces directlywith themicrocontroller.
n Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on the

microcontroller.

DESCRIPTION

The ACS108 belongs to the AC line switches built
aroundthe ASD concept. This high performance
full planar technology device is able to control an

0.8 A load.
The ACS switch embeds a high voltage

clamping structure to absorb the inductive
turn-off energy and a gat e level shift er driver t o
separate the digital controller f rom the main
switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current
flowing out of the gate pin.

TO92

ACS108-5SA

COM

OUT

COM

G

SOT223

ACS108-5SN

FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM

OUT

ACS108

S

ON

D

Note:

For further technical information, please re-

fer to the Application note AN1172.

November 1999 -Ed: 3B

GCOM

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ACS108-5Sx

ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limitingvalues)

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

V

DRM

V

RRM

I

T(RMS)

I

TSM

dI/dt Critical rate of rise ofon-state current

V

PP

Tstg Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 °C

Tj Operating junction temperature range 0 to+ 110 °C
Tl Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s 260 °C

note 1 : accordingto testdescribed byIEC 1000-4-5 standard & Figure3.

SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values)

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

P

G (AV)

I

GM

V

GM

Repetitive peak off-state voltage Tj = 25 °C 500 V

RMS on-state current full cycle sine
wave 50 to 60 Hz

TO92 Tlead =60 °C 0.8 A
TO92 Tamb = 60 °C 0.3 A

SOT223 Tamb =55 °C 0.8 A

Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
Tj initial = 25⊃C, full cycle sinewave

= 20mA with tr = 100ns

I

G

Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage

F =50 Hz 7.3 A
F =60 Hz 8 A

Repetitive

20 A/µs

F =120 Hz

note 1

2kV

Average gate power dissipation 0.1 W
Peak gate current (tp = 20µs) 1 A
Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM) 5 V

THERMAL RESISTANCES

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

Rth (j-a) Junction to ambient TO92 150 °C/W

SOT223 (*) 60 °C/W

Rth (j-l) Junction to lead for full AC linecycle conduction TO92 60 °C/W

Rth (j-t) Junction to tabfor full AC line cycle conduction SOT223 25 °C/W

(*) : with5cm2copper(e=35µm) surface under tab

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Foreither positive or negativepolarityof pinOUT voltage respectto pinCOM voltage

Symbol Test Conditions Values Unit

I

GT

V

GT

V

GD

I

H

I

L

V

TM

I

DRM

I

RRM

dV/dt V

(dI/dt)c (dV

V

CL

V

=12V (DC) RL=140Ω Tj=25°C MAX 10 mA

OUT

V

=12V (DC) RL=140Ω Tj=25°C MAX 1 V

OUT

V

OUT=VDRMRL

I

= 100mA gate open Tj=25°C TYP 25 mA

OUT

=3.3kΩ Tj=110°C MIN 0.2 V

MAX 60 mA

IG= 20mA Tj=25°C TYP 30 mA

MAX 65 mA
IOUT = 1.1A tp=380µs Tj=25°C MAX 1.3 V
V

OUT=VDRM

V

OUT=VRRM

=400V gate open Tj=110°C MIN 500 V/µs

OUT

/dt)c=10V/µs Tj=110°C MIN 0.1 A/ms

OUT

Tj=25°C MAX 2 µA

Tj=110°C MAX 50 µA

ICL = 1mA tp=1ms Tj=25°C TYP 600 V

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ACS108-5Sx

AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION

The ACS108 device is well adapted to washing machine, dishwasher, tumble drier, refrigerator, water
heater andcookware. Ithas beendesigned especiallyto switchON andOFF low power loads such as so­lenoid, valve, relay, micro-motor,fan, pump, door lock and low wattage lamp bulb.

Pin COM: Common drive reference to connect to the power line neutral
Pin G: SwitchGate input to connect to the digital controller
Pin OUT: Switch Output to connect to the Load
The ACS switch is triggered with anegative gatecurrent flowingoutof thegate pinG. Itcan be driven di-

rectly by the digital controllerthrough a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. Note that no
protection device (zener or capacitor)should be added between gates and common terminals.
The SOT223version allowsseveral ACS108devices to beconnected on thesame coolingPCB padwhich
is the COM pin : this cooling pad can be then reduced, and the printed circuit layout is simplified.
In appliances systems, the ACS108 switch intends to drive low power load in full cycle ON / OFF mode.
When thegate signalis removed,the load is switchedoff after a delay timethat isequal toone halfline cy­cle or one full line cycle depending on the load drive strategy.

The turn off commutation characteristicsof these loads can be classified in 3 groups asshown in table 1.
Thanks to its thermaland turn off commutation performances, the ACS108 switch is able to drive with no

additional turn off snubber, aresistive or inductive load up to 0.2 A (when this load has to switch offwithin
one half AC line cycle), an inductive load up to 0.6 A or a resistive load up to 0.8A (when this load hasto
switch off withinone full AC line cycle).

Table 1: Load grouping versustheir turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications).

LOAD

IRMS

POWER

FACTOR

(A)

(dI/dt)c

(A/ms)

(dV/dt)c

(V/µs)

TURN-FF

DELAY

Door LockLamp < 0.3 1 0.15 0.15 <10

< 0.8 1 0.4 0.15 < 20

Relay Valve

< 0.1 > 0.7 < 0.05 < 5 < 10
Dispenser
Micro-motor

Pump Fan < 0.2 > 0.2 < 0.1 < 10 < 10

< 0.6 > 0.2 < 0.3 < 10 < 20

TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM

L

MAINS

N

AC

D

LOAD

L

R

OUT

S

ON

ACS108

(ms)

-Vcc

COM

G

ST 72 MCU

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ACS108-5Sx

INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION

At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level IH, and the
ACS switch turns off. Becauseof the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche
diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the
clamping voltage VCL.

The energy storedinthe inductance ofthe load depends ontheholding currentIHand theinductance (up to
10 H);it can reachabout 20 mJ and is dissipated in theclamping sectionthatis especiallydesigned forthat
purpose.

Fig 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS108 switch

Fig 2: ACS108 switch static characteristic.

with an electro valve: waveformof the gate current
IG, pin OUT current I

IOUT

(10 mA/div)

I

H

OUT

V

(200V/div)

& voltage V

OUT

.

OUT

VCL = 650V

Time (400µs/div)

IOUT

IH

VOUT

VCL

AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS

The ACS108 switch is able to sustain safely the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low en­ergy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises.

The testcircuit of the figure 4 isrepresentative of the final ACS application andis alsoused to stressthe
ACS switch according to the IEC1000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACS switch
sustains the voltagespikes up to2kV abovethepeak linevoltage. Itwill breakover safelyeven on resistive
load where the turn on current rise is high as shown on figure 4. Such non repetitive test can be done 10
times on each AC line voltage polarity.

Fig 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for
resistive and inductive loads according to IEC
1000-4-5 standard.
R = 150Ω,L=5µH, VPP= 2kV.

RL

ACLINE &

SURGEVOLTAGE

GENERATOR

4/7

VAC +VPP

OUT

ACSxx

S

ON

D

GCOM

RG= 220Ω

Fig 4: Current and voltage of the ACS during
IEC 1000-4-5 standard test with a 220Ω -10µH
load & VPP= 2kV.

Vout (200 V/div)

Iout (2 A/div)

dI/dt = 100 A/µs

ACS108-5Sx

Fig 5: Relative variation of gate trigger current

versus junction temperature

IGT[Tj]/IGT[Tj=25°C]

2.00

1.75

1.50

1.25

1.00

0.75

0.50

0.25

0.00
0 25 50 75 100 125

Tj(°C)

Fig 7: On state characteristics @Tj max

VTO= 0.90V &RT= 0.3Ω (maximumvalues)

Pon V I R x I

=+.. .

22

TO T RMS T T RMS

IOUT (A)

5

2

1

0.8

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.07

0.05

0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2

() ()

Π

VTM (V)

2

Fig 6: Relative variation of holding & latching

currents versus junction temperature

IH[Tj]/IH[Tj=25°C] & IL[Tj]/IL[Tj=25°C]

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0
0 25 50 75 100 125

Tj(°C)

Fig 8: Maximum RMS switch current versus

ambient temperature on inductive load (PF>0.1)
and a low repetitive rate (F < 1 Hz)
(*): with 5cm2copper (e=35µm) surface under tab

IT(RMS) (A)

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

TO92

Tamb(°C)

0 102030405060708090100110120

SOT223(*)

Fig 9-1: Relative variation of the junction to

ambient thermal impedance versus conducting
pulse duration forthe SOT223
Standard foot print with 35µm copper layout
thickness.

Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)

1.00

0.10

0.01
1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2

tp (s)

Fig 9-2: Relative variation of the junction to

ambient thermal impedance versus conducting
pulse duration forthe TO92.

Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)

1.00

0.10

tp (s)

0.01
1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2

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ACS108-5Sx

Fig. 10: SOT223 thermal resistance junction to

ambient versus copper surface under tab (Epoxy
printedcircuit board FR4,copper thickness:35µm)

Rth(j-a) (°C/W)

130
120
110
100

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10

0

012345

S(Cu) (cm)

ORDERING INFORMATION

ACS 1 08 - 5 S A

2

TM

ACSwitch

Number

Switch

PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA

SOT223

A

A1

B

e1
D

B1

H

E

e

V

of

I

TRMS

08 = 0.8A

V

DRM

5 = 500V

A =TO92
N = SOT223

Gate

Sensitivity

S = 10mA

DIMENSIONS

REF.

c

A 1.80 0.071

A1 0.02 0.001

B 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.024 0.027 0.031

B1 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122

c 0.24 0.26 0.32 0.009 0.010 0.013

D 6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 0.264

e 2.3 0.090

e1 4.6 0.181

E 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 0.146
H 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 0.287
V10°max

Millimeters Inches

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

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PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA

SOT223

PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA

TO92 Plastic

BAC

F

D

ACS108-5Sx

DIMENSIONS

REF.

a

A 1.35 0.053
B 4.70 0.185
C 2.54 0.100
D 4.40 0.173
E 12.70 0.500

E

F 3.70 0.146
a 0.45 0.017

Millimeters Inches

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

Ordering type Marking Package Weight Base qty Deliverymode

ACS108-5SA ACS08/5S TO92 0.2g 2500 Bulk
ACS108-5SN ACS/085S SOT223 0.123g 1000 Tape & reel

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